Coal measures are significant hydrocarbon source rocks and reservoirs in petroliferous basins.Many large gas fields and coalbed methane fields globally are originated from coal-measure source rocks or accumulated in c...Coal measures are significant hydrocarbon source rocks and reservoirs in petroliferous basins.Many large gas fields and coalbed methane fields globally are originated from coal-measure source rocks or accumulated in coal rocks.Inspired by the discovery of shale oil and gas,and guided by“the overall exploration concept of considering coal rock as reservoir”,breakthroughs in the exploration and development of coal-rock gas have been achieved in deep coal seams with favorable preservation conditions,thereby opening up a new development frontier for the unconventional gas in coal-rock reservoirs.Based on the data from exploration and development practices,a systematic study on the accumulation mechanism of coal-rock gas has been conducted.The mechanisms of“three fields”controlling coal-rock gas accumulation are revealed.It is confirmed that the coal-rock gas is different from CBM in accumulation process.The whole petroleum systems in the Carboniferous–Permian transitional facies coal measures of the eastern margin of the Ordos Basin and in the Jurassic continental facies coal measures of the Junggar Basin are characterized,and the key research directions for further developing the whole petroleum system theory of coal measures are proposed.Coal rocks,compared to shale,possess intense hydrocarbon generation potential,strong adsorption capacity,dual-medium reservoir properties,and partial or weak oil and gas self-sealing capacity.Additionally,unlike other unconventional gas such as shale gas and tight gas,coal-rock gas exhibits more complex accumulation characteristics,and its accumulation requires a certain coal-rock play form lithological and structural traps.Coal-rock gas also has the characteristics of conventional fractured gas reservoirs.Compared with the basic theory and model of the whole petroleum system established based on detrital rock formations,coal measures have distinct characteristics and differences in coal-rock reservoirs and source-reservoir coupling.The whole petroleum system of coal measures is composed of various types of coal-measure hydrocarbon plays with coal(and dark shale)in coal measures as source rock and reservoir,and with adjacent tight layers as reservoirs or cap or transport layers.Under the action of source-reservoir coupling,coal-rock gas is accumulated in coal-rock reservoirs with good preservation conditions,tight oil/gas is accumulated in tight layers,conventional oil/gas is accumulated in traps far away from sources,and coalbed methane is accumulated in coal-rock reservoirs damaged by later geological processes.The proposed whole petroleum system of coal measures represents a novel type of whole petroleum system.展开更多
The monumental second edition Petroleum Geology of China has been published by the Petroleum Industry Press.This definitive work was compiled under the leadership of Academician Zhai Guangming,a preeminent authority i...The monumental second edition Petroleum Geology of China has been published by the Petroleum Industry Press.This definitive work was compiled under the leadership of Academician Zhai Guangming,a preeminent authority in petroleum exploration.As the culmination of eight years of dedicated effort by over a thousand experts and scholars,this monumental publication comprises 25 volumes(bound in 32 books).展开更多
On June 3,Scopus,a database owned by Elsevier,released CiteScore 2024 metrics for academic journal evaluation.Both the Chinese and English editions of Petroleum Exploration and Development achieved record highs in the...On June 3,Scopus,a database owned by Elsevier,released CiteScore 2024 metrics for academic journal evaluation.Both the Chinese and English editions of Petroleum Exploration and Development achieved record highs in the past year,ranking among the top in various categories.The CiteScore of the Chinese edition increased to 9.9 in 2024 from 8.4 in 2023,ranking 13th out of 330 journals in the Earth and Planetary Sciences:Geology category and 2lst out of 239 journals in the Earth and Planetary Sciences:Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology category.展开更多
Natural gas hydrate(NGH),as a widely recognized clean energy,has shown a significant resource potential.However,due to the lack of a unified evaluation methodology and the difficult determination of key parameters,the...Natural gas hydrate(NGH),as a widely recognized clean energy,has shown a significant resource potential.However,due to the lack of a unified evaluation methodology and the difficult determination of key parameters,the evaluation results of global NGH resource are greatly different.This paper establishes a quantitative relationship between NGH resource potential and conventional oil and gas resource and a NGH resource evaluation model based on the whole petroleum system(WPS)and through the analysis of dynamic field controlling hydrocarbon accumulation.The global NGH initially in-place and recoverable resources are inverted through the Monte Carlo simulation,and verified by using the volume analogy method based on drilling results and the trend analysis method of previous evaluation results.The proposed evaluation model considers two genetic mechanisms of natural gas(biological degradation and thermal degradation),surface volume conversion factor difference between conventional natural gas and NGH,and the impacts of differences in favorable distribution area and thickness and in other aspects on the results of NGH resource evaluation.The study shows that the global NGH initially in-place and recoverable resources are 99×10^(12) m^(3) and 30×10^(12) m3,with averages of 214×10^(12) m^(3) and 68×10^(12) m^(3),respectively,less than 5% of the total conventional oil and gas resources,and they can be used as a supplement for the future energy of the world.The proposed NGH resource evaluation model creates a new option of evaluation method and technology,and generates reliable data of NGH resource according to the reliability comprehensive analysis and test,providing a parameter basis for subsequent NGH exploration and development.展开更多
This study investigated environmental distribution and human exposure of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and their derivatives in one Chinese petroleum refinery facility.It was found that,following with high con...This study investigated environmental distribution and human exposure of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and their derivatives in one Chinese petroleum refinery facility.It was found that,following with high concentrations of 16 EPA PAHs(∑Parent-PAHs)in smelting subarea of studied petroleum refinery facility,total derivatives of PAHs[named as XPAHs,including nitro PAHs(NPAHs),chlorinated PAHs(Cl-PAHs),and brominated PAHs(Br-PAHs)]in gas(mean=1.57×10^(4)ng/m^(3)),total suspended particulate(TSP)(mean=4.33×10^(3) ng/m^(3))and soil(mean=4.37×10^(3) ng/g)in this subarea had 1.76-6.19 times higher levels than those from other subareas of this facility,surrounding residential areas and reference areas,indicating that petroleum refining processes would lead apparent derivation of PAHs.Especially,compared with those in residential and reference areas,gas samples in the petrochemical areas had higher∑NPAH/∑PAHs(mean=2.18),but lower∑Cl-PAH/∑PAHs(mean=1.43×10^(-1))and∑Br-PAH/∑PAHs ratios(mean=7.49×10^(-2)),indicating the richer nitrification of PAHs than chlorination during petrochemical process.The occupational exposure to PAHs and XPAHs in this petroleum refinery facility were 24-343 times higher than non-occupational exposure,and the ILCR(1.04×10^(-4))for petrochemical workers was considered to be potential high risk.Furthermore,one expanded high-resolution screening through GC Orbitrap/MS was performed for soils from petrochemical area,and another 35 PAHs were found,including alkyl-PAHs,phenyl-PAHs and other species,indicat-ing that profiles and risks of PAHs analogs in petrochemical areas deserve further expanded investigation.展开更多
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was used to analyze the pentacyclic triterpenoid distributions,specifically hopane and oleanane fingerprints,in 24 crude oil samples from the Niger Delta depobelts,with the a...Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was used to analyze the pentacyclic triterpenoid distributions,specifically hopane and oleanane fingerprints,in 24 crude oil samples from the Niger Delta depobelts,with the aim of defining the petroleum system,filling history,and the age of source rock producing these oils.The results indicate that the Niger Delta oils belong to a single fluvio-deltaic petroleum system,reflecting similar source organic facies and depositional environments.Geochemical parameters,including C29/C30hopane ratios,oleanane index,Ts/Tm,(Ts/(Ts+Tm)),moretane/C30hopane ratios,and C3222S/(22S+22R)ratios,suggest oxic conditions during source rock deposition and thermal maturity of the oils.The presence of terrigenous organic matter and complex filling history are also evident and influenced by multiple phases of sedimentation,and petroleum generation.A comparative plot of geologic time(Paleogene-Neogene age)and oleanane percentage composition show that the crude oils are constrained to the chronostratigraphic ages of their respective depobelts,demonstrating the potential of oleanane-derived parameters for relative dating of hydrocarbon sources,complementing traditional index fossil methods.展开更多
Light oil and gas reservoirs are abundant in the Ordovician marine carbonate reservoir in Shunbei Oilfield,Tarim Basin.This presents a compelling geological puzzle,as ultra-deep reservoirs undergo intense alteration a...Light oil and gas reservoirs are abundant in the Ordovician marine carbonate reservoir in Shunbei Oilfield,Tarim Basin.This presents a compelling geological puzzle,as ultra-deep reservoirs undergo intense alteration and complex petroleum accumulation processes.A comprehensive suite of geochemical analyses,including molecular components,carbon isotope composition,homogenization temperature of saline inclusions,and burial-thermal history of single wells,was conducted to elucidate the genesis of these ancient reservoirs.Three petroleum filling events have been identified in the study area:Late Caledonian,Hercynian-Indosinian,and Himalayan,through analysis of homogenization temperatures of brine inclusions and burial-thermal histories.Additionally,the oil in the study area has undergone significant alteration processes such as biodegradation,thermal alteration,mixing,evaporative fractionation,and gas invasion.This study particularly emphasizes the influential role of Himalayan gas filling-induced evaporation fractionation and gas invasion in shaping the present petroleum phase distribution.Furthermore,analysis of light hydrocarbon and diamondoid parameters indicates the oil within the study area is at a high maturity stage,with equivalent vitrinite reflectance values ranging from 1.48%to 1.99%.Additionally,the analysis of light hydrocarbons,aromatics,and thiadiamondoids indicates that TSR should occur in reservoirs near the gypsum-salt layers in the Cambrian.The existence of the Cambrian petroleum system in the study area is strongly confirmed when considering the analysis results of natural gas type(oil cracking gas),evaporative fractionation,and gas invasion.Permian local thermal anomalies notably emerge as a significant factor contributing to the destruction of biomarkers in oil.For oil not subject to transient,abnormal thermal events,biomarker reliability extends to at least 190℃.In conclusion,examining the special formation mechanisms and conditions of various secondary processes can offer valuable insights for reconstructing the history of petroleum accumulation in ultradeep reservoirs.This research provides a scientific foundation for advancing our knowledge of petroleum systems and underscores the importance of hydrocarbon geochemistry in unraveling ultra-deep,complex geological phenomena.展开更多
The rapid development of the digital economy profoundly impacts global industries,presenting both opportunities and challenges for traditional sectors like petroleum.This study investigates the impact of the digital e...The rapid development of the digital economy profoundly impacts global industries,presenting both opportunities and challenges for traditional sectors like petroleum.This study investigates the impact of the digital economy on the performance of Chinese petroleum enterprises,focusing on the mediating role of total factor productivity(TFP).Utilizing panel data from Chinese petroleum firms(2018–2023),we construct a macro digital economy development index(using the entropy method)and a micro-level enterprise digital transformation index.Empirical analysis employs panel data models and mediation effect models.Findings reveal that regional digital economy development significantly positively affects firms’Tobin’s Q(coefficient=0.516).Enterprise digital transformation significantly enhances Return on Equity(ROE)(coefficient=27.456).Mediation tests confirm that TFP partially mediates the relationship between digital transformation and firm performance.Heterogeneity analysis shows differences based on ownership:regional digital economy development has a slightly stronger effect on state-owned enterprises’(SOEs)market value,while its effect is statistically more significant for private enterprises.Conversely,digital transformation boosts ROE more significantly in private firms.The study concludes with policy recommendations,including promoting digital governance reform in SOEs,increasing support for private firms’digitalization,building a digital technology innovation ecosystem to enhance TFP,and optimizing digital investment structures for better capital market recognition.展开更多
The study reconstructs the Upper Devonian Domanik sedimentation conditions using geochemical studies.Domanik sediments,the subject of study,are being developed in Russia's Volga-Ural petroleum province.Core sample...The study reconstructs the Upper Devonian Domanik sedimentation conditions using geochemical studies.Domanik sediments,the subject of study,are being developed in Russia's Volga-Ural petroleum province.Core samples have been collected from the South Tatar arch and the Birskaya saddle,totaling four wells.Macroscopic description,optical microscopic petrographic examination,X-ray analysis,X-ray fluorescence analysis,inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS),simultaneous thermal analyses,scanning electronic microscopy(SEM),Rock-Eval pyrolytic studies,and correlation analysis were among the methods used in the study.Carbonate rocks,carbonate-siliceous rocks enriched with organic matter,and carbonate breccias are the main identified lithotypes.The predominant rock-forming mineral in carbonate-siliceous rocks enriched with organic matter is quartz(chalcedony)of authigenic genesis.The lack of co rrelation between organic matter concentration and quartz,as well as the results of simultaneous thermal studies and SEM,suggest that quartz is present in both biogenic and chemogenic forms.The proxies Cd/Mo and Co x Mn were used for proving variable hydrodynamic conditions in the Domanik sediments sea:sediments were deposited under both stationary and seasonal upwelling conditions.The major bioproductivity of the Domanik sea was also influenced by hydrothermal activity.The proxy(Fe+Mn)/Ti data and the results of the rock genesis evaluation using the Zn-Ni-Co triangle diagram confirm this.The presence of hydrothermal fluids not only improved primary production in the paleobasin,but it additionally provided silica,as evidenced by the strong relationship between silica and exhalation components in carbonate-siliceous rocks.Volcanic activity had a slight impact on Domanik sediment genesis.Anoxia and euxinia in the Domanik sea were indicated by proxy U/Th-TOC and V/CrTOC data,as well as behavior of U-EF and Mo-EF on the covariation plot,which influenced organic matter burial in the sediments.Simultaneously,the terrigenous intake was limited.Carbonate breccias,which are common in the Domanik sediments section,developed as a result of the gravitational transfer of carbonate fragments into the carbonate-siliceous material,which might be driven by earthquakes.展开更多
Crude petroleum pollution causes some serious ecological disasters in the ocean.Marine sediment microbial fuel cells(MSMFCs)have been utilized as a novel method for in-situ degradation and a long-term power source.Her...Crude petroleum pollution causes some serious ecological disasters in the ocean.Marine sediment microbial fuel cells(MSMFCs)have been utilized as a novel method for in-situ degradation and a long-term power source.Herein,the effect of different concentrations of rhamnolipids biosurfactant on the electrochemical performance of MSMFCs anode and the higher efficiency of oil degradation are creatively investigated.The results indicate that the anode in sediment containing rhamnolipids effectively enriches the indigenous electrogenic Pseudophaeobacter and Pseudomonas,which significantly enhances the electrochemical performance of the MSMFCs.Under rhamnolipids at the concentration of 200 mg kg^(-1)in sediment,the anode specific capacitance(401.45 Fm^(-2)),exchange current density(4.87×10^(-2)mAm^(-2)),and cell maximum power density(140.24 mWm^(-2))increase by 2.50,38.65,and 2.11 times,respectively,in comparison with its natural sediment.And the oil degradation rate(40.06%)was higher than the blank(17.55%).It demonstrates that the synergistic effect between electrochemical catalytic degradation and emulsifying solubilization of rhamnolipids surfactant directly accelerates the degradation of petroleum in marine sediment,which will provide a novel method and theoretical guidance for in-situ degradation and efficient removal of crude petroleum on ocean floor.展开更多
China’s energy resource endowment is characterized by being“poor in oil,scarce in gas,and rich in coal”,a fundamental national condition that determines the uniqueness of China’s energy strategy.At the beginning o...China’s energy resource endowment is characterized by being“poor in oil,scarce in gas,and rich in coal”,a fundamental national condition that determines the uniqueness of China’s energy strategy.At the beginning of the 20th century,foreign experts and scholars generally concluded and claimed that China was an“oil-poor country”lacking the geological conditions for hydrocarbon formation.展开更多
The reservoired petroleum fluids in the deep Ordovician carbonates in the Tazhong area,Tarim Basin,exhibit diverse and intricate geochemical properties and petroleum phases.However,the study on the causal mechanisms f...The reservoired petroleum fluids in the deep Ordovician carbonates in the Tazhong area,Tarim Basin,exhibit diverse and intricate geochemical properties and petroleum phases.However,the study on the causal mechanisms for the genesis of co-existed complex petroleum phases and their distribution remains relatively limited.The quantitative assessment of changes in molecular compounds in petroleum pools influenced by secondary alteration to different degrees also needs further investigation.In this study,eight samples including condensate,volatile,and black oil from the Tazhong area were analyzed via GC×GC-TOFMS.The results reveal that condensate oil exhibits complete normal alkane distribution,with abundant diamantanes and organic sulfur compounds(OSCs),and features high density(>0.83 g/cm^(3)),elevated wax content(>20%),and remarkable gas washing loss.The condensate gas is characterized by highly mature oil-cracking gas with a heavy carbon isotope.Geological analysis indicates that the current Ordovician reservoir temperatures generally remain below 140℃,which is insufficient to induce in-situ oil cracking.Additionally,black oil pools are formed adjacent to the condensate gas pools,suggesting that the latter is not a result of in-situ oil cracking,but rather represents a secondary condensate gas pool formed through gas invasion of a pre-existed oil pool.Based on the loss of n-alkanes and variations in adamantanes(As)and diamantanes(Ds)content across different oil samples,the degree of gas invasion was assessed.We divided gas invasion intensity into strong(Q≥80%,As≥5000μg/g,Ds≥400μg/g),weak(20%≤Q<80%,3000μg/g≤As<5000μg/g,200μg/g≤Ds<400μg/g)and negligible(0≤Q<20%,As<3000μg/g,Ds<200μg/g).The multistage oil/gas charging events,specifically the sequence of“early oil and late gas”in the Ordovician from the Tazhong area,predominantly drives the phase evolution of reservoired petroleum.Furthermore,differential gas invasion alteration exacerbates the intricacy of petroleum phase distribution.Notably,gas washing processes significantly influence the disparate enrichment of diamondoids homologues in crude oil.Specifically,lower carbon number diamondoids are more abundant in condensate oil,while higher ones exhibit relatively increased abundance in black oil,potentially serving as a valuable quantitative assessment parameter.The findings in this study will provide guiding significance for the analysis and quantitative assessment of deep petroleum phase diversity.Additionally,this research will provide novel insights for comprehensively evaluating basins worldwide with complex petroleum phases distribution.展开更多
Based on a large amount of basic research and experimental analysis data from Shengli Oilfield,Bohai Bay Basin,guided by the theory of whole petroleum system,the distribution of sedimentary systems,the distribution an...Based on a large amount of basic research and experimental analysis data from Shengli Oilfield,Bohai Bay Basin,guided by the theory of whole petroleum system,the distribution of sedimentary systems,the distribution and hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process of source rocks,the variation of reservoir properties,and the control of fracture systems on hydrocarbon accumulation in the Paleogene of the Jiyang Depression,Boahai Bay Basin,were systematically analyzed,and the geological characteristics of the whole petroleum system in the rift basin were identified.Taking the Dongying Sag as an example,combined with the distribution of discovered conventional,tight,and shale oil/gas,a hydrocarbon accumulation model of the fault-controlled whole petroleum system in rift basin was proposed,and the distribution patterns of conventional and unconventional oil and gas reservoirs in large geological bodies horizontally and vertically were clarified.The research results show that paleoclimate and tectonic cycles control the orderly distribution of the Paleogene sedimentary system in the Jiyang Depression,the multi-stage source rocks provide sufficient material basis for in-situ shale oil/gas accumulation and other hydrocarbon migration and accumulation,the changes in reservoir properties control the dynamic threshold of hydrocarbon accumulation,and the combination of faults and fractures at different stages controls hydrocarbon migration and accumulation,and in-situ retention and accumulation of shale oil/gas,making the whole petroleum system in the rift basin associated,segmented and abrupt.The above elements are configured to form a composite whole petroleum system controlled by faults in the Paleogene of the Jiyang Depression.Moreover,under the control of hydrocarbon accumulation dynamics,a whole petroleum system can be divided into conventional subsystem and unconventional subsystem,with shale oil,tight oil and conventional oil in an orderly distribution in horizontal and vertical directions.This systematic understanding is referential for analyzing the whole petroleum system in continental rift basins in eastern China.展开更多
This study examines the molecular and isotopic composition of 193 gas samples collected from oil and gas fields across Colombia's onshore basins with active hydrocarbon production.Comparative analyses were conduct...This study examines the molecular and isotopic composition of 193 gas samples collected from oil and gas fields across Colombia's onshore basins with active hydrocarbon production.Comparative analyses were conducted on both isotopic and molecular compositions across the Lower Magdalena Basin(LMB),Middle Magdalena Basin(MMB),Upper Magdalena Basin(UMB),Putumayo Cagu an Basin(PUTCAB),Catatumbo Basin(CATB),Eastern Llanos Basin(LLAB),and Eastern Cordillera Basin(ECB).The primary objectives were to classify the gases produced,characterize their origins,assess transformation processes such as biodegradation and migration,and analyze the statistical distribution patterns of their components.This geochemical characterization aims to support the discovery of new reserves for both natural gas(NG)and liquefied petroleum gas(LPG),given Colombia's potential risk of diminished energy selfsufficiency in gas resources.The basins under study produce dry gas,wet gas,and liquefied petroleum gas(LPG/C_(3+)),all associated with oil and gas fields of commercial hydrocarbon production.Notably,the LLAB contains the highest proportions of heavy isotopic carbon and C_(3+)(LPG)concentrations,whereas LMB is characterized by isotopically lighter methane,indicative of dry gas predominance.Results suggest a predominantly thermogenic origin for the gases studied,generated within the oil and gas windows,with several samples originating from secondary oil cracking,while some samples from LMB display a likely biogenic origin.Additionally,evidence of gas migration and biodegradation was observed in a significant subset of samples.The analysis of statistical distributions and compositional trends reveals a prevalent high methane content,with substantial C_(2)-C_(5)(C_(2+))gas concentrations across all basins studied.This composition underscores the potential for both natural gas(NG)and LPG production.The C_(3+)(LPG)content varies between 1%and 92%,with 35%of the samples containing less than 5%LPG.High original gas-in-place(OGIP)volumes and substantial LPG content in the Eastern Llanos foothills,encompassing fields such as Cusiana and Cupiagua,highlight the prospective potential of this region.Near-field exploration could further add reserves of both NG and LPG.展开更多
Evaluating petroleum contamination risk and implementing remedial measures in agricultural soil rely on indicators such as soil metal(loid)s and microbiome alterations.However,the response of these indicators to petro...Evaluating petroleum contamination risk and implementing remedial measures in agricultural soil rely on indicators such as soil metal(loid)s and microbiome alterations.However,the response of these indicators to petroleum contamination remains under-investigated.The present study investigated the soil physicochemical features,metal(loid)s,microbial communities and networks,and phospholipid fatty acids(PLFAs)community structures in soil samples collected from long-(LC)and short-term(SC)petroleum-contaminated oil fields.The results showed that petroleum contamination increased the levels of soil total petroleum hydrocarbon,carbon,nitrogen,sulfur,phosphorus,calcium,copper,manganese,lead,and zinc,and decreased soil pH,microbial biomass,bacterial and fungal diversity.Petroleum led to a rise in the abundances of soil Proteobacteria,Ascomycota,Oleibacter,and Fusarium.Network analyses showed that the number of network links(Control vs.SC,LC=1181 vs.700,1021),nodes(Control vs.SC,LC=90 vs.71,83)and average degree(Control vs.SC,LC=26.244 vs.19.718,24.602)recovered as the duration of contamination increased.Petroleum contamination also reduced the concentration of soil PLFAs,especially bacterial.These results demonstrate that brief exposure to high levels of petroleum contamination alters the physicochemical characteristics of the soil as well as the composition of soil metal(loid)s andmicroorganisms,leading to a less diverse soilmicrobial network that is more susceptible to damage.Future research should focus on the culturable microbiome of soil under petroleum contamination to provide a theoretical basis for further remediation.展开更多
Long-termpetroleum production forecasting is essential for the effective development andmanagement of oilfields.Due to its ability to extract complex patterns,deep learning has gained popularity for production forecas...Long-termpetroleum production forecasting is essential for the effective development andmanagement of oilfields.Due to its ability to extract complex patterns,deep learning has gained popularity for production forecasting.However,existing deep learning models frequently overlook the selective utilization of information from other production wells,resulting in suboptimal performance in long-term production forecasting across multiple wells.To achieve accurate long-term petroleum production forecast,we propose a spatial-geological perception graph convolutional neural network(SGP-GCN)that accounts for the temporal,spatial,and geological dependencies inherent in petroleum production.Utilizing the attention mechanism,the SGP-GCN effectively captures intricate correlations within production and geological data,forming the representations of each production well.Based on the spatial distances and geological feature correlations,we construct a spatial-geological matrix as the weight matrix to enable differential utilization of information from other wells.Additionally,a matrix sparsification algorithm based on production clustering(SPC)is also proposed to optimize the weight distribution within the spatial-geological matrix,thereby enhancing long-term forecasting performance.Empirical evaluations have shown that the SGP-GCN outperforms existing deep learning models,such as CNN-LSTM-SA,in long-term petroleum production forecasting.This demonstrates the potential of the SGP-GCN as a valuable tool for long-term petroleum production forecasting across multiple wells.展开更多
Represented by CNPC,Chinese national oil companies go overseas conducting international oil and gas collaboration.Q4:To address domestic energy supply shortages,fully utilize international oil and gas resources,and st...Represented by CNPC,Chinese national oil companies go overseas conducting international oil and gas collaboration.Q4:To address domestic energy supply shortages,fully utilize international oil and gas resources,and strengthen international oil and gas cooperation while further enhancing core competitiveness,China’s petroleum enterprises proposed the strategic concept of effectively leveraging both domestic and international resources and markets,literally the strategy of“two resources and two markets”as early as the 1990s and resolutely took the first step in the great endeavor of“going overseas”.Through international cooperation and operations,state-owned oil enterprises represented by CNPC have not only ensured national energy security and enhanced corporate competitiveness,but also made significant contributions to global energy cooperation and advancement of Belt and Road Initiative.Could you please discuss the situation of Chinese petroleum enterprises’international oil and gas cooperation and their achievements in the field of petroleum exploration and development?展开更多
Guided by the fundamental principles of the whole petroleum system,the control of tectonism,sedimentation,and diagenesis on hydrocarbon accumulation in a rifted basin is studied using the data of petroleum geology and...Guided by the fundamental principles of the whole petroleum system,the control of tectonism,sedimentation,and diagenesis on hydrocarbon accumulation in a rifted basin is studied using the data of petroleum geology and exploration of the second member of the Paleogene Kongdian Formation(Kong-2 Member)in the Cangdong Sag,Bohai Bay Basin,China.It is clarified that the circle structure and circle effects are the marked features of a continental fault petroliferous basin,and they govern the orderly distribution of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbons in the whole petroleum systems of the rifted basin.Tectonic circle zones control sedimentary circle zones,while sedimentary circle zones and diagenetic circle zones control the spatial distribution of favorable reservoirs,thereby determining the orderly distribution of hydrocarbon accumulations in various circles.A model for the integrated,systematic accumulation of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbons under a multi-circle structure of the whole petroleum system of continental rifted basin has been developed.It reveals that each sag of the rifted basin is an independent whole petroleum system and circle system,which encompasses multiple orderly circles of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbons controlled by the same source kitchen.From the outer circle to the middle circle and then to the inner circle,there is an orderly transition from structural and stratigraphic reservoirs,to lithological and structural-lithological reservoirs,and finally to tight oil/gas and shale oil/gas enrichment zones.The significant feature of the whole petroleum system is the orderly control of hydrocarbons by multi-circle stratigraphic coupling,with the integrated,orderly distribution of conventional and unconventional reserves being the inevitable result of the multi-layered interaction within the whole petroleum system.This concept of multi-circle stratigraphic coupling for the orderly,integrated accumulation of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbons has guided significant breakthroughs in the overall,three-dimensional exploration and shale oil exploration in the Cangdong Sag.展开更多
In the global wave of energy transition and low-carbon development,China Petroleum Enterprise Association,together with the University of International Business and Economics,China University of Petroleum-Beijing,Sout...In the global wave of energy transition and low-carbon development,China Petroleum Enterprise Association,together with the University of International Business and Economics,China University of Petroleum-Beijing,Southwest Petroleum University,and other institutions,released four significant blue books on April 17:Annual Operating Report of China’s Natural Gas Industry Blue Book(2024-2025),China Oil&Gas Industry Development Analysis and Outlook Blue Book(2024-2025),China Low-Carbon Economy Development Report Blue Book(2024-2025),and Refined Oil and New Energy Development Report Blue Book(2024-2025).This series of blue books provides a comprehensive and high-level analysis of the development,issues,and trends in the oil and gas industry,offering a detailed depiction of the China Oil&Gas industry and its progress towards low-carbon development.展开更多
There are various types of natural gas resources in coal measures,making them major targets for natural gas exploration and development in China.In view of the particularity of the whole petroleum system of coal measu...There are various types of natural gas resources in coal measures,making them major targets for natural gas exploration and development in China.In view of the particularity of the whole petroleum system of coal measures and the reservoir-forming evolution of natural gas in coal,this study reveals the formation,enrichment characteristics and distribution laws of coal-rock gas by systematically reviewing the main types and geological characteristics of natural gas in the whole petroleum system of coal measures.First,natural gas in the whole petroleum system of coal measures is divided into two types,conventional gas and unconventional gas,according to its occurrence characteristics and accumulation mechanism,and into six types,distal detrital rock gas,special rock gas,distal/proximal tight sandstone gas,inner-source tight sandstone gas,shale gas,and coal-rock gas,according to its source and reservoir lithology.The natural gas present in coal-rock reservoirs is collectively referred to as coal-rock gas.Existing data indicate significant differences in the geological characteristics of coal-rock gas exploration and development between shallow and deep layers in the same area,with the transition depth boundary generally 1500-2000 m.Based on the current understanding of coal-rock gas and respecting the historical usage conventions of coalbed methane terminology,coal-rock gas can be divided into deep coal-rock gas and shallow coalbed methane according to burial depth.Second,according to the research concept of“full-process reservoir formation”in the theory of the whole petroleum system of coal measures,based on the formation and evolution of typical coal-rock gas reservoirs,coal-rock gas is further divided into four types:primary coal-rock gas,regenerated coal-rock gas,residual coal-rock gas,and bio coal-rock gas.The first two belong to deep coal-rock gas,while the latter two belong to shallow coal-rock gas.Third,research on the coal-rock gas reservoir formation and evolution shows that shallow coal-rock gas is mainly residual coal-rock gas or bio coal-rock gas formed after geological transformation of primary coal-rock gas,with the reservoir characteristics such as low reservoir pressure,low gas saturation,adsorbed gas in dominance,and gas production by drainage and depressurization,while deep coal-rock gas is mainly primary coal-rock gas and regenerated coal-rock gas,with the reservoir characteristics such as high reservoir pressure,high gas saturation,abundant free gas,and no or little water.In particular,the primary coal-rock gas is wide in distribution,large in resource quantity,and good in reservoir quality,making it the most favorable type of coal-rock gas for exploration and development.展开更多
基金Supported by the PetroChina Basic Project(2024DJ23)CNPC Science Research and Technology Development Project(2021DJ0101)。
文摘Coal measures are significant hydrocarbon source rocks and reservoirs in petroliferous basins.Many large gas fields and coalbed methane fields globally are originated from coal-measure source rocks or accumulated in coal rocks.Inspired by the discovery of shale oil and gas,and guided by“the overall exploration concept of considering coal rock as reservoir”,breakthroughs in the exploration and development of coal-rock gas have been achieved in deep coal seams with favorable preservation conditions,thereby opening up a new development frontier for the unconventional gas in coal-rock reservoirs.Based on the data from exploration and development practices,a systematic study on the accumulation mechanism of coal-rock gas has been conducted.The mechanisms of“three fields”controlling coal-rock gas accumulation are revealed.It is confirmed that the coal-rock gas is different from CBM in accumulation process.The whole petroleum systems in the Carboniferous–Permian transitional facies coal measures of the eastern margin of the Ordos Basin and in the Jurassic continental facies coal measures of the Junggar Basin are characterized,and the key research directions for further developing the whole petroleum system theory of coal measures are proposed.Coal rocks,compared to shale,possess intense hydrocarbon generation potential,strong adsorption capacity,dual-medium reservoir properties,and partial or weak oil and gas self-sealing capacity.Additionally,unlike other unconventional gas such as shale gas and tight gas,coal-rock gas exhibits more complex accumulation characteristics,and its accumulation requires a certain coal-rock play form lithological and structural traps.Coal-rock gas also has the characteristics of conventional fractured gas reservoirs.Compared with the basic theory and model of the whole petroleum system established based on detrital rock formations,coal measures have distinct characteristics and differences in coal-rock reservoirs and source-reservoir coupling.The whole petroleum system of coal measures is composed of various types of coal-measure hydrocarbon plays with coal(and dark shale)in coal measures as source rock and reservoir,and with adjacent tight layers as reservoirs or cap or transport layers.Under the action of source-reservoir coupling,coal-rock gas is accumulated in coal-rock reservoirs with good preservation conditions,tight oil/gas is accumulated in tight layers,conventional oil/gas is accumulated in traps far away from sources,and coalbed methane is accumulated in coal-rock reservoirs damaged by later geological processes.The proposed whole petroleum system of coal measures represents a novel type of whole petroleum system.
文摘The monumental second edition Petroleum Geology of China has been published by the Petroleum Industry Press.This definitive work was compiled under the leadership of Academician Zhai Guangming,a preeminent authority in petroleum exploration.As the culmination of eight years of dedicated effort by over a thousand experts and scholars,this monumental publication comprises 25 volumes(bound in 32 books).
文摘On June 3,Scopus,a database owned by Elsevier,released CiteScore 2024 metrics for academic journal evaluation.Both the Chinese and English editions of Petroleum Exploration and Development achieved record highs in the past year,ranking among the top in various categories.The CiteScore of the Chinese edition increased to 9.9 in 2024 from 8.4 in 2023,ranking 13th out of 330 journals in the Earth and Planetary Sciences:Geology category and 2lst out of 239 journals in the Earth and Planetary Sciences:Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology category.
基金Supported by the Major Consultation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(2019-ZW11-Z-035)Technology Development Project of PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development(2021DJ0101)。
文摘Natural gas hydrate(NGH),as a widely recognized clean energy,has shown a significant resource potential.However,due to the lack of a unified evaluation methodology and the difficult determination of key parameters,the evaluation results of global NGH resource are greatly different.This paper establishes a quantitative relationship between NGH resource potential and conventional oil and gas resource and a NGH resource evaluation model based on the whole petroleum system(WPS)and through the analysis of dynamic field controlling hydrocarbon accumulation.The global NGH initially in-place and recoverable resources are inverted through the Monte Carlo simulation,and verified by using the volume analogy method based on drilling results and the trend analysis method of previous evaluation results.The proposed evaluation model considers two genetic mechanisms of natural gas(biological degradation and thermal degradation),surface volume conversion factor difference between conventional natural gas and NGH,and the impacts of differences in favorable distribution area and thickness and in other aspects on the results of NGH resource evaluation.The study shows that the global NGH initially in-place and recoverable resources are 99×10^(12) m^(3) and 30×10^(12) m3,with averages of 214×10^(12) m^(3) and 68×10^(12) m^(3),respectively,less than 5% of the total conventional oil and gas resources,and they can be used as a supplement for the future energy of the world.The proposed NGH resource evaluation model creates a new option of evaluation method and technology,and generates reliable data of NGH resource according to the reliability comprehensive analysis and test,providing a parameter basis for subsequent NGH exploration and development.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFC1804501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22036007 and 22122611)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2020ME228)the Introduction and Cultivation Plan for Young Innovative Talents of Colleges and Universities.
文摘This study investigated environmental distribution and human exposure of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and their derivatives in one Chinese petroleum refinery facility.It was found that,following with high concentrations of 16 EPA PAHs(∑Parent-PAHs)in smelting subarea of studied petroleum refinery facility,total derivatives of PAHs[named as XPAHs,including nitro PAHs(NPAHs),chlorinated PAHs(Cl-PAHs),and brominated PAHs(Br-PAHs)]in gas(mean=1.57×10^(4)ng/m^(3)),total suspended particulate(TSP)(mean=4.33×10^(3) ng/m^(3))and soil(mean=4.37×10^(3) ng/g)in this subarea had 1.76-6.19 times higher levels than those from other subareas of this facility,surrounding residential areas and reference areas,indicating that petroleum refining processes would lead apparent derivation of PAHs.Especially,compared with those in residential and reference areas,gas samples in the petrochemical areas had higher∑NPAH/∑PAHs(mean=2.18),but lower∑Cl-PAH/∑PAHs(mean=1.43×10^(-1))and∑Br-PAH/∑PAHs ratios(mean=7.49×10^(-2)),indicating the richer nitrification of PAHs than chlorination during petrochemical process.The occupational exposure to PAHs and XPAHs in this petroleum refinery facility were 24-343 times higher than non-occupational exposure,and the ILCR(1.04×10^(-4))for petrochemical workers was considered to be potential high risk.Furthermore,one expanded high-resolution screening through GC Orbitrap/MS was performed for soils from petrochemical area,and another 35 PAHs were found,including alkyl-PAHs,phenyl-PAHs and other species,indicat-ing that profiles and risks of PAHs analogs in petrochemical areas deserve further expanded investigation.
文摘Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was used to analyze the pentacyclic triterpenoid distributions,specifically hopane and oleanane fingerprints,in 24 crude oil samples from the Niger Delta depobelts,with the aim of defining the petroleum system,filling history,and the age of source rock producing these oils.The results indicate that the Niger Delta oils belong to a single fluvio-deltaic petroleum system,reflecting similar source organic facies and depositional environments.Geochemical parameters,including C29/C30hopane ratios,oleanane index,Ts/Tm,(Ts/(Ts+Tm)),moretane/C30hopane ratios,and C3222S/(22S+22R)ratios,suggest oxic conditions during source rock deposition and thermal maturity of the oils.The presence of terrigenous organic matter and complex filling history are also evident and influenced by multiple phases of sedimentation,and petroleum generation.A comparative plot of geologic time(Paleogene-Neogene age)and oleanane percentage composition show that the crude oils are constrained to the chronostratigraphic ages of their respective depobelts,demonstrating the potential of oleanane-derived parameters for relative dating of hydrocarbon sources,complementing traditional index fossil methods.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundations of China(Grant No.42173054)。
文摘Light oil and gas reservoirs are abundant in the Ordovician marine carbonate reservoir in Shunbei Oilfield,Tarim Basin.This presents a compelling geological puzzle,as ultra-deep reservoirs undergo intense alteration and complex petroleum accumulation processes.A comprehensive suite of geochemical analyses,including molecular components,carbon isotope composition,homogenization temperature of saline inclusions,and burial-thermal history of single wells,was conducted to elucidate the genesis of these ancient reservoirs.Three petroleum filling events have been identified in the study area:Late Caledonian,Hercynian-Indosinian,and Himalayan,through analysis of homogenization temperatures of brine inclusions and burial-thermal histories.Additionally,the oil in the study area has undergone significant alteration processes such as biodegradation,thermal alteration,mixing,evaporative fractionation,and gas invasion.This study particularly emphasizes the influential role of Himalayan gas filling-induced evaporation fractionation and gas invasion in shaping the present petroleum phase distribution.Furthermore,analysis of light hydrocarbon and diamondoid parameters indicates the oil within the study area is at a high maturity stage,with equivalent vitrinite reflectance values ranging from 1.48%to 1.99%.Additionally,the analysis of light hydrocarbons,aromatics,and thiadiamondoids indicates that TSR should occur in reservoirs near the gypsum-salt layers in the Cambrian.The existence of the Cambrian petroleum system in the study area is strongly confirmed when considering the analysis results of natural gas type(oil cracking gas),evaporative fractionation,and gas invasion.Permian local thermal anomalies notably emerge as a significant factor contributing to the destruction of biomarkers in oil.For oil not subject to transient,abnormal thermal events,biomarker reliability extends to at least 190℃.In conclusion,examining the special formation mechanisms and conditions of various secondary processes can offer valuable insights for reconstructing the history of petroleum accumulation in ultradeep reservoirs.This research provides a scientific foundation for advancing our knowledge of petroleum systems and underscores the importance of hydrocarbon geochemistry in unraveling ultra-deep,complex geological phenomena.
文摘The rapid development of the digital economy profoundly impacts global industries,presenting both opportunities and challenges for traditional sectors like petroleum.This study investigates the impact of the digital economy on the performance of Chinese petroleum enterprises,focusing on the mediating role of total factor productivity(TFP).Utilizing panel data from Chinese petroleum firms(2018–2023),we construct a macro digital economy development index(using the entropy method)and a micro-level enterprise digital transformation index.Empirical analysis employs panel data models and mediation effect models.Findings reveal that regional digital economy development significantly positively affects firms’Tobin’s Q(coefficient=0.516).Enterprise digital transformation significantly enhances Return on Equity(ROE)(coefficient=27.456).Mediation tests confirm that TFP partially mediates the relationship between digital transformation and firm performance.Heterogeneity analysis shows differences based on ownership:regional digital economy development has a slightly stronger effect on state-owned enterprises’(SOEs)market value,while its effect is statistically more significant for private enterprises.Conversely,digital transformation boosts ROE more significantly in private firms.The study concludes with policy recommendations,including promoting digital governance reform in SOEs,increasing support for private firms’digitalization,building a digital technology innovation ecosystem to enhance TFP,and optimizing digital investment structures for better capital market recognition.
基金funded by the subsidy allocated to Kazan Federal University for the state assignment in the sphere of scientific activities,project No.FZSM-2023-0014。
文摘The study reconstructs the Upper Devonian Domanik sedimentation conditions using geochemical studies.Domanik sediments,the subject of study,are being developed in Russia's Volga-Ural petroleum province.Core samples have been collected from the South Tatar arch and the Birskaya saddle,totaling four wells.Macroscopic description,optical microscopic petrographic examination,X-ray analysis,X-ray fluorescence analysis,inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS),simultaneous thermal analyses,scanning electronic microscopy(SEM),Rock-Eval pyrolytic studies,and correlation analysis were among the methods used in the study.Carbonate rocks,carbonate-siliceous rocks enriched with organic matter,and carbonate breccias are the main identified lithotypes.The predominant rock-forming mineral in carbonate-siliceous rocks enriched with organic matter is quartz(chalcedony)of authigenic genesis.The lack of co rrelation between organic matter concentration and quartz,as well as the results of simultaneous thermal studies and SEM,suggest that quartz is present in both biogenic and chemogenic forms.The proxies Cd/Mo and Co x Mn were used for proving variable hydrodynamic conditions in the Domanik sediments sea:sediments were deposited under both stationary and seasonal upwelling conditions.The major bioproductivity of the Domanik sea was also influenced by hydrothermal activity.The proxy(Fe+Mn)/Ti data and the results of the rock genesis evaluation using the Zn-Ni-Co triangle diagram confirm this.The presence of hydrothermal fluids not only improved primary production in the paleobasin,but it additionally provided silica,as evidenced by the strong relationship between silica and exhalation components in carbonate-siliceous rocks.Volcanic activity had a slight impact on Domanik sediment genesis.Anoxia and euxinia in the Domanik sea were indicated by proxy U/Th-TOC and V/CrTOC data,as well as behavior of U-EF and Mo-EF on the covariation plot,which influenced organic matter burial in the sediments.Simultaneously,the terrigenous intake was limited.Carbonate breccias,which are common in the Domanik sediments section,developed as a result of the gravitational transfer of carbonate fragments into the carbonate-siliceous material,which might be driven by earthquakes.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22075262)。
文摘Crude petroleum pollution causes some serious ecological disasters in the ocean.Marine sediment microbial fuel cells(MSMFCs)have been utilized as a novel method for in-situ degradation and a long-term power source.Herein,the effect of different concentrations of rhamnolipids biosurfactant on the electrochemical performance of MSMFCs anode and the higher efficiency of oil degradation are creatively investigated.The results indicate that the anode in sediment containing rhamnolipids effectively enriches the indigenous electrogenic Pseudophaeobacter and Pseudomonas,which significantly enhances the electrochemical performance of the MSMFCs.Under rhamnolipids at the concentration of 200 mg kg^(-1)in sediment,the anode specific capacitance(401.45 Fm^(-2)),exchange current density(4.87×10^(-2)mAm^(-2)),and cell maximum power density(140.24 mWm^(-2))increase by 2.50,38.65,and 2.11 times,respectively,in comparison with its natural sediment.And the oil degradation rate(40.06%)was higher than the blank(17.55%).It demonstrates that the synergistic effect between electrochemical catalytic degradation and emulsifying solubilization of rhamnolipids surfactant directly accelerates the degradation of petroleum in marine sediment,which will provide a novel method and theoretical guidance for in-situ degradation and efficient removal of crude petroleum on ocean floor.
文摘China’s energy resource endowment is characterized by being“poor in oil,scarce in gas,and rich in coal”,a fundamental national condition that determines the uniqueness of China’s energy strategy.At the beginning of the 20th century,foreign experts and scholars generally concluded and claimed that China was an“oil-poor country”lacking the geological conditions for hydrocarbon formation.
基金jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42002178 and 42472203)“CUG Scholar”Scientific Research Funds at China University of Geosciences(Grant No.2022193)China National Petroleum Corporation(CNPC)Scientific Research and Technology Development Projects(Grant Nos.2019B-04 and 2021DJ05)。
文摘The reservoired petroleum fluids in the deep Ordovician carbonates in the Tazhong area,Tarim Basin,exhibit diverse and intricate geochemical properties and petroleum phases.However,the study on the causal mechanisms for the genesis of co-existed complex petroleum phases and their distribution remains relatively limited.The quantitative assessment of changes in molecular compounds in petroleum pools influenced by secondary alteration to different degrees also needs further investigation.In this study,eight samples including condensate,volatile,and black oil from the Tazhong area were analyzed via GC×GC-TOFMS.The results reveal that condensate oil exhibits complete normal alkane distribution,with abundant diamantanes and organic sulfur compounds(OSCs),and features high density(>0.83 g/cm^(3)),elevated wax content(>20%),and remarkable gas washing loss.The condensate gas is characterized by highly mature oil-cracking gas with a heavy carbon isotope.Geological analysis indicates that the current Ordovician reservoir temperatures generally remain below 140℃,which is insufficient to induce in-situ oil cracking.Additionally,black oil pools are formed adjacent to the condensate gas pools,suggesting that the latter is not a result of in-situ oil cracking,but rather represents a secondary condensate gas pool formed through gas invasion of a pre-existed oil pool.Based on the loss of n-alkanes and variations in adamantanes(As)and diamantanes(Ds)content across different oil samples,the degree of gas invasion was assessed.We divided gas invasion intensity into strong(Q≥80%,As≥5000μg/g,Ds≥400μg/g),weak(20%≤Q<80%,3000μg/g≤As<5000μg/g,200μg/g≤Ds<400μg/g)and negligible(0≤Q<20%,As<3000μg/g,Ds<200μg/g).The multistage oil/gas charging events,specifically the sequence of“early oil and late gas”in the Ordovician from the Tazhong area,predominantly drives the phase evolution of reservoired petroleum.Furthermore,differential gas invasion alteration exacerbates the intricacy of petroleum phase distribution.Notably,gas washing processes significantly influence the disparate enrichment of diamondoids homologues in crude oil.Specifically,lower carbon number diamondoids are more abundant in condensate oil,while higher ones exhibit relatively increased abundance in black oil,potentially serving as a valuable quantitative assessment parameter.The findings in this study will provide guiding significance for the analysis and quantitative assessment of deep petroleum phase diversity.Additionally,this research will provide novel insights for comprehensively evaluating basins worldwide with complex petroleum phases distribution.
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project(2024ZD1400101)Project of Sinopec(P23234)。
文摘Based on a large amount of basic research and experimental analysis data from Shengli Oilfield,Bohai Bay Basin,guided by the theory of whole petroleum system,the distribution of sedimentary systems,the distribution and hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process of source rocks,the variation of reservoir properties,and the control of fracture systems on hydrocarbon accumulation in the Paleogene of the Jiyang Depression,Boahai Bay Basin,were systematically analyzed,and the geological characteristics of the whole petroleum system in the rift basin were identified.Taking the Dongying Sag as an example,combined with the distribution of discovered conventional,tight,and shale oil/gas,a hydrocarbon accumulation model of the fault-controlled whole petroleum system in rift basin was proposed,and the distribution patterns of conventional and unconventional oil and gas reservoirs in large geological bodies horizontally and vertically were clarified.The research results show that paleoclimate and tectonic cycles control the orderly distribution of the Paleogene sedimentary system in the Jiyang Depression,the multi-stage source rocks provide sufficient material basis for in-situ shale oil/gas accumulation and other hydrocarbon migration and accumulation,the changes in reservoir properties control the dynamic threshold of hydrocarbon accumulation,and the combination of faults and fractures at different stages controls hydrocarbon migration and accumulation,and in-situ retention and accumulation of shale oil/gas,making the whole petroleum system in the rift basin associated,segmented and abrupt.The above elements are configured to form a composite whole petroleum system controlled by faults in the Paleogene of the Jiyang Depression.Moreover,under the control of hydrocarbon accumulation dynamics,a whole petroleum system can be divided into conventional subsystem and unconventional subsystem,with shale oil,tight oil and conventional oil in an orderly distribution in horizontal and vertical directions.This systematic understanding is referential for analyzing the whole petroleum system in continental rift basins in eastern China.
文摘This study examines the molecular and isotopic composition of 193 gas samples collected from oil and gas fields across Colombia's onshore basins with active hydrocarbon production.Comparative analyses were conducted on both isotopic and molecular compositions across the Lower Magdalena Basin(LMB),Middle Magdalena Basin(MMB),Upper Magdalena Basin(UMB),Putumayo Cagu an Basin(PUTCAB),Catatumbo Basin(CATB),Eastern Llanos Basin(LLAB),and Eastern Cordillera Basin(ECB).The primary objectives were to classify the gases produced,characterize their origins,assess transformation processes such as biodegradation and migration,and analyze the statistical distribution patterns of their components.This geochemical characterization aims to support the discovery of new reserves for both natural gas(NG)and liquefied petroleum gas(LPG),given Colombia's potential risk of diminished energy selfsufficiency in gas resources.The basins under study produce dry gas,wet gas,and liquefied petroleum gas(LPG/C_(3+)),all associated with oil and gas fields of commercial hydrocarbon production.Notably,the LLAB contains the highest proportions of heavy isotopic carbon and C_(3+)(LPG)concentrations,whereas LMB is characterized by isotopically lighter methane,indicative of dry gas predominance.Results suggest a predominantly thermogenic origin for the gases studied,generated within the oil and gas windows,with several samples originating from secondary oil cracking,while some samples from LMB display a likely biogenic origin.Additionally,evidence of gas migration and biodegradation was observed in a significant subset of samples.The analysis of statistical distributions and compositional trends reveals a prevalent high methane content,with substantial C_(2)-C_(5)(C_(2+))gas concentrations across all basins studied.This composition underscores the potential for both natural gas(NG)and LPG production.The C_(3+)(LPG)content varies between 1%and 92%,with 35%of the samples containing less than 5%LPG.High original gas-in-place(OGIP)volumes and substantial LPG content in the Eastern Llanos foothills,encompassing fields such as Cusiana and Cupiagua,highlight the prospective potential of this region.Near-field exploration could further add reserves of both NG and LPG.
基金supported by Guangxi Key Research and Development Program(No.AB24010136)the Pre-project from Guangxi Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development(No.2024051)Guangxi Geochemistry and Environmental Restoration and Management Research Talent Highland.
文摘Evaluating petroleum contamination risk and implementing remedial measures in agricultural soil rely on indicators such as soil metal(loid)s and microbiome alterations.However,the response of these indicators to petroleum contamination remains under-investigated.The present study investigated the soil physicochemical features,metal(loid)s,microbial communities and networks,and phospholipid fatty acids(PLFAs)community structures in soil samples collected from long-(LC)and short-term(SC)petroleum-contaminated oil fields.The results showed that petroleum contamination increased the levels of soil total petroleum hydrocarbon,carbon,nitrogen,sulfur,phosphorus,calcium,copper,manganese,lead,and zinc,and decreased soil pH,microbial biomass,bacterial and fungal diversity.Petroleum led to a rise in the abundances of soil Proteobacteria,Ascomycota,Oleibacter,and Fusarium.Network analyses showed that the number of network links(Control vs.SC,LC=1181 vs.700,1021),nodes(Control vs.SC,LC=90 vs.71,83)and average degree(Control vs.SC,LC=26.244 vs.19.718,24.602)recovered as the duration of contamination increased.Petroleum contamination also reduced the concentration of soil PLFAs,especially bacterial.These results demonstrate that brief exposure to high levels of petroleum contamination alters the physicochemical characteristics of the soil as well as the composition of soil metal(loid)s andmicroorganisms,leading to a less diverse soilmicrobial network that is more susceptible to damage.Future research should focus on the culturable microbiome of soil under petroleum contamination to provide a theoretical basis for further remediation.
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China,grant number 62071491.
文摘Long-termpetroleum production forecasting is essential for the effective development andmanagement of oilfields.Due to its ability to extract complex patterns,deep learning has gained popularity for production forecasting.However,existing deep learning models frequently overlook the selective utilization of information from other production wells,resulting in suboptimal performance in long-term production forecasting across multiple wells.To achieve accurate long-term petroleum production forecast,we propose a spatial-geological perception graph convolutional neural network(SGP-GCN)that accounts for the temporal,spatial,and geological dependencies inherent in petroleum production.Utilizing the attention mechanism,the SGP-GCN effectively captures intricate correlations within production and geological data,forming the representations of each production well.Based on the spatial distances and geological feature correlations,we construct a spatial-geological matrix as the weight matrix to enable differential utilization of information from other wells.Additionally,a matrix sparsification algorithm based on production clustering(SPC)is also proposed to optimize the weight distribution within the spatial-geological matrix,thereby enhancing long-term forecasting performance.Empirical evaluations have shown that the SGP-GCN outperforms existing deep learning models,such as CNN-LSTM-SA,in long-term petroleum production forecasting.This demonstrates the potential of the SGP-GCN as a valuable tool for long-term petroleum production forecasting across multiple wells.
文摘Represented by CNPC,Chinese national oil companies go overseas conducting international oil and gas collaboration.Q4:To address domestic energy supply shortages,fully utilize international oil and gas resources,and strengthen international oil and gas cooperation while further enhancing core competitiveness,China’s petroleum enterprises proposed the strategic concept of effectively leveraging both domestic and international resources and markets,literally the strategy of“two resources and two markets”as early as the 1990s and resolutely took the first step in the great endeavor of“going overseas”.Through international cooperation and operations,state-owned oil enterprises represented by CNPC have not only ensured national energy security and enhanced corporate competitiveness,but also made significant contributions to global energy cooperation and advancement of Belt and Road Initiative.Could you please discuss the situation of Chinese petroleum enterprises’international oil and gas cooperation and their achievements in the field of petroleum exploration and development?
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(2024ZD1400101)China National Key Research and Development Project(2022YFF0801204)Major Science and Technology Project of CNPC(2023ZZ15YJ01,2021DJ0702)。
文摘Guided by the fundamental principles of the whole petroleum system,the control of tectonism,sedimentation,and diagenesis on hydrocarbon accumulation in a rifted basin is studied using the data of petroleum geology and exploration of the second member of the Paleogene Kongdian Formation(Kong-2 Member)in the Cangdong Sag,Bohai Bay Basin,China.It is clarified that the circle structure and circle effects are the marked features of a continental fault petroliferous basin,and they govern the orderly distribution of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbons in the whole petroleum systems of the rifted basin.Tectonic circle zones control sedimentary circle zones,while sedimentary circle zones and diagenetic circle zones control the spatial distribution of favorable reservoirs,thereby determining the orderly distribution of hydrocarbon accumulations in various circles.A model for the integrated,systematic accumulation of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbons under a multi-circle structure of the whole petroleum system of continental rifted basin has been developed.It reveals that each sag of the rifted basin is an independent whole petroleum system and circle system,which encompasses multiple orderly circles of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbons controlled by the same source kitchen.From the outer circle to the middle circle and then to the inner circle,there is an orderly transition from structural and stratigraphic reservoirs,to lithological and structural-lithological reservoirs,and finally to tight oil/gas and shale oil/gas enrichment zones.The significant feature of the whole petroleum system is the orderly control of hydrocarbons by multi-circle stratigraphic coupling,with the integrated,orderly distribution of conventional and unconventional reserves being the inevitable result of the multi-layered interaction within the whole petroleum system.This concept of multi-circle stratigraphic coupling for the orderly,integrated accumulation of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbons has guided significant breakthroughs in the overall,three-dimensional exploration and shale oil exploration in the Cangdong Sag.
文摘In the global wave of energy transition and low-carbon development,China Petroleum Enterprise Association,together with the University of International Business and Economics,China University of Petroleum-Beijing,Southwest Petroleum University,and other institutions,released four significant blue books on April 17:Annual Operating Report of China’s Natural Gas Industry Blue Book(2024-2025),China Oil&Gas Industry Development Analysis and Outlook Blue Book(2024-2025),China Low-Carbon Economy Development Report Blue Book(2024-2025),and Refined Oil and New Energy Development Report Blue Book(2024-2025).This series of blue books provides a comprehensive and high-level analysis of the development,issues,and trends in the oil and gas industry,offering a detailed depiction of the China Oil&Gas industry and its progress towards low-carbon development.
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project for New Oil and Gas Exploration and Development(2025ZD1404200)Forward-looking and Fundamental Project of PetroChina Company Limited(2024DJ23)Scientific Research and Technology Development Project of PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development(2024vzz).
文摘There are various types of natural gas resources in coal measures,making them major targets for natural gas exploration and development in China.In view of the particularity of the whole petroleum system of coal measures and the reservoir-forming evolution of natural gas in coal,this study reveals the formation,enrichment characteristics and distribution laws of coal-rock gas by systematically reviewing the main types and geological characteristics of natural gas in the whole petroleum system of coal measures.First,natural gas in the whole petroleum system of coal measures is divided into two types,conventional gas and unconventional gas,according to its occurrence characteristics and accumulation mechanism,and into six types,distal detrital rock gas,special rock gas,distal/proximal tight sandstone gas,inner-source tight sandstone gas,shale gas,and coal-rock gas,according to its source and reservoir lithology.The natural gas present in coal-rock reservoirs is collectively referred to as coal-rock gas.Existing data indicate significant differences in the geological characteristics of coal-rock gas exploration and development between shallow and deep layers in the same area,with the transition depth boundary generally 1500-2000 m.Based on the current understanding of coal-rock gas and respecting the historical usage conventions of coalbed methane terminology,coal-rock gas can be divided into deep coal-rock gas and shallow coalbed methane according to burial depth.Second,according to the research concept of“full-process reservoir formation”in the theory of the whole petroleum system of coal measures,based on the formation and evolution of typical coal-rock gas reservoirs,coal-rock gas is further divided into four types:primary coal-rock gas,regenerated coal-rock gas,residual coal-rock gas,and bio coal-rock gas.The first two belong to deep coal-rock gas,while the latter two belong to shallow coal-rock gas.Third,research on the coal-rock gas reservoir formation and evolution shows that shallow coal-rock gas is mainly residual coal-rock gas or bio coal-rock gas formed after geological transformation of primary coal-rock gas,with the reservoir characteristics such as low reservoir pressure,low gas saturation,adsorbed gas in dominance,and gas production by drainage and depressurization,while deep coal-rock gas is mainly primary coal-rock gas and regenerated coal-rock gas,with the reservoir characteristics such as high reservoir pressure,high gas saturation,abundant free gas,and no or little water.In particular,the primary coal-rock gas is wide in distribution,large in resource quantity,and good in reservoir quality,making it the most favorable type of coal-rock gas for exploration and development.
