Pesticides are integral to agricultural productivity and food security.Despite the notable advancements in Computer Aided Drug Design(CADD)and Artificial Intelligence Drug Discovery(AIDD)in pharmaceuticals,their appli...Pesticides are integral to agricultural productivity and food security.Despite the notable advancements in Computer Aided Drug Design(CADD)and Artificial Intelligence Drug Discovery(AIDD)in pharmaceuticals,their application in the pesticide sector remains underutilized.The complexity and non-user-friendly interfaces of these technologies have impeded their adoption by non-specialists,reducing their influence on pesticide creation.To overcome these obstacles,the Pesticide Discovery Artificial Intelligence(PDAI),a pioneering platform specifically tailored for the molecular design of pesticides would be a very useful tool.PDAI streamlines the innovation process,from target identification to the generation of viable pesticide candidates,optimizing key steps and simplifying the overall design workflow.This user-friendly platform significantly reduces the barriers for nonspecialists,making the pesticide design process more accessible and cost-effective.Its innovative strategy promotes interdisciplinary cooperation and accessibility,inviting a broader community to advance pesticide research.For more comprehensive information of PDAI,please click on the website https://digitalpesticide.com.展开更多
Pyridazine has garnered increasing attention as a privileged scaffold and bioisosterism in drug discovery due to its unique structural characteristics.It can serve as a hydrogen bond acceptor when interacting with rec...Pyridazine has garnered increasing attention as a privileged scaffold and bioisosterism in drug discovery due to its unique structural characteristics.It can serve as a hydrogen bond acceptor when interacting with receptors due to its two adjacent nitrogen atoms.Upon conversion to pyridazinone,it exhibits the ability to act as both a hydrogen bond acceptor and donor,showcasing its versatility.This inherent flexibility has prompted extensive research exploring its bioactivity in pesticides and pharmaceuticals.In order to promote the development of pyridazine-based pesticides,this review provides a comprehensive summary of advancements for pyridazine-based pesticides on herbicidal(36.9%),insecticidal(26.2%),antifungal and antibacterial(24.6%),plant growth regulatory(10.8%),and antiviral activities(1.5%)from2000 to 2024.It serves as an invaluable reference and source of inspiration for agricultural scientists conducting future research.展开更多
Butyrylcholinesterase(BChE)is a key enzyme in the metabolism of cholinergic compounds.It has been recognized as a key biomarker for many diseases,including liver diseases and Alzheimer’s disease.However,classical met...Butyrylcholinesterase(BChE)is a key enzyme in the metabolism of cholinergic compounds.It has been recognized as a key biomarker for many diseases,including liver diseases and Alzheimer’s disease.However,classical methods for detecting BChE activity suffer from low sensitivity,cumbersome pre-treatment,and poor stability.Chemiluminescence is a promising new method for detecting and imaging the activity of BChE.It has several advantages over traditional methods,including low background interference,high sensitivity,and the absence of external illumination.In this study,we developed a novel BChE-activatable chemiluminescent probe(CL-BChE).It exhibited a significant chemiluminescence enhancement at 525nm upon incubation with BChE.It had a low limit of detection(6.25×10^(−3)U/mL)and was highly selective for BChE.CL-BChE was used to image BChE activity in living cells and tumor-bearing animal models.It was also successfully applied to detect pesticide residue,even under the interference of representative phytochromes and real vegetable samples.Given its high sensitivity,selectivity,and versatility,we believe that CL-BChE will be a promising tool for investigating BChE’s activity in biomedical research as well as other BChE-related scenarios.展开更多
This study evaluates pesticide contamination in groundwater downstream of the Kaddoussa Dam(Guir watershed,Morocco)and investigates the influence of agricultural activities on water quality.Nine sampling stations were...This study evaluates pesticide contamination in groundwater downstream of the Kaddoussa Dam(Guir watershed,Morocco)and investigates the influence of agricultural activities on water quality.Nine sampling stations were strategicallyselected during November 2023(post-agricultural season)to analyze spatial patterns of 18 pesticide residues:7 organophosphorusand 11 organochlorines.Identification and quantification were performed via gas chromatography method,targetingboth compound classes.Key findings reveal moderate yet localized contamination.The total concentration of organophosphoruspesticides(ΣPOPs)ranged from 0μg/L(S8)to 0.191μg/L(S4),with peak concentrations at stations S3(0.190μg/L)and S4(0.191μg/L),correlating spatially with intensive agricultural zones.Otherwise,the total concentration oforganochlorine pesticides(ΣPOCs)showed lower levels(0-0.060μg/L),with maxima at S4 linked to endosulfan and HCHisomers.Notably,none of the detected organochlorine concentrations exceeded 0.06μg/L,indicating relatively low levels ofcontamination.Central stations(S2-S6)exhibited co-occurrence of both pesticide groups,dominated by organophosphoruspesticides(0.135-0.191μg/L),while peripheral sites(S1,S7,S8,S9)displayed negligible or undetectable residues.Despitesub-regulatory thresholds,the persistent detection of pesticides underscores ecological and public health risks,particularlyin arid regions with heightened vulnerability due to limited healthcare access and water scarcity.Even at low concentrations,organophosphorus and organochlorine pesticides pose significant threats to aquatic ecosystems through bioaccumulation,while also presenting acute health risks to farmworkers and local communities dependent on contaminated groundwater.This study highlights the urgent need for integrated pesticide management strategies to mitigate long-term environmentaland socio-economic impacts in agriculturally intensive,water-stressed regions.展开更多
BACKGROUND Numerous epidemiological studies have found that pesticide exposure is associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes(T2D);however,the underlying mechanisms remain unknown.DNA methylation may play a role ...BACKGROUND Numerous epidemiological studies have found that pesticide exposure is associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes(T2D);however,the underlying mechanisms remain unknown.DNA methylation may play a role in this process.AIM To identify the genes associated with pesticide exposure and T2D by reviewing the current literature.METHODS We systematically searched PubMed and Embase for relevant studies that examined the association between pesticide exposure and DNA methylation,and studies on DNA methylation and T2D through January 15,2024.RESULTS We identified six genes(Alu,CABLES1,CDH1,PDX1,PTEN,PTPRN2)related to pesticide exposure and T2D.We also suggested future research directions to better define the role of DNA methylation in the association between pesticide exposure and T2D.CONCLUSION DNA methylation of specific genes may play a vital role in the association between pesticide exposure and T2D.展开更多
Sharp eyespot(Rhizoctonia cerealis)is a widespread soil-borne fungal disease that poses a severe threat to wheat health,and it is one of the main obstacles to achieving stable and high-quality wheat yields in China.Ou...Sharp eyespot(Rhizoctonia cerealis)is a widespread soil-borne fungal disease that poses a severe threat to wheat health,and it is one of the main obstacles to achieving stable and high-quality wheat yields in China.Our collaborative team has developed a novel,efficient,and low-toxicity fungicide named Y17991(N-(2-(2,4-bis-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)phenyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide).Preliminary laboratory tests confirmed the significant inhibitory effect of this agent on R.cerealis.Large-area field trials also demonstrated its efficacy,with a disease prevention index of 83.52%,which is 1.97%greater than that of the widely used thifluzamide,and it significantly increased the wheat yield.Moreover,this study explored the impacts of Y17991 on the structure and function of the microbial community in wheat rhizosphere soil.Bacterial communities were more strongly affected than fungal communities.Y17991 significantly modulated key amino acid metabolic pathways and certain biosynthetic processes in diseased wheat rhizospheres,and it also enhanced certain biosynthetic pathways and metabolic activities in healthy wheat rhizospheres.Additionally,the application of Y17991 regulated rhizosphere metabolites,thus exerting significant control over the microbial community.We identified 15 microbial strains potentially involved in the prevention and treatment of R.cerealis,and Y17991 treatment promoted the growth of Pedobacter and Bacillus strains.These strains not only aid in plant growth but they also have the potential for disease prevention.In summary,Y17991 application at a reasonable dose does not cause significant disruption to nontarget rhizosphere microbial communities.In future studies,we will continue to investigate the impacts of Y17991 on nonmicrobial components in soil ecosystems,such as protozoa and nematodes.Our research provides a theoretical basis for the scientific application and promotion of new fungicides and offers a significant reference for establishing a comprehensive system for assessing the ecological impact of pesticides on the environment.展开更多
The integration of RNA interference(RNAi)technology with nanotechnology shows significant potential in overcoming the limitations of traditional double-stranded RNA(dsRNA)delivery systems,thereby enabling more efficie...The integration of RNA interference(RNAi)technology with nanotechnology shows significant potential in overcoming the limitations of traditional double-stranded RNA(dsRNA)delivery systems,thereby enabling more efficient dsRNA delivery.Nanoparticles for dsRNA delivery have the potential to enhance the efficiency of RNAi and improve system stability.In this study,we discuss the limitations of conventional RNAi-based biopesticides,systematically introduce common nanoparticle carriers used for RNA pesticide delivery,analyze the interactions between nanoparticles and dsRNA during the delivery,and finally emphasize the overall limitations,associated risks,and challenges in practical applications.展开更多
Pesticides play a pivotal role in modern agriculture. However, the pesticide industry faces significant challenges closely linked to major global concerns such as pesticide resistance, environmental pollution, food sa...Pesticides play a pivotal role in modern agriculture. However, the pesticide industry faces significant challenges closely linked to major global concerns such as pesticide resistance, environmental pollution, food safety, and crop yields. Developing safe, efficient, and environmentally friendly pesticides has become a key challenge for the industry. Recently, Qing Yang and colleagues unveiled the mode of action of a dual-functional protein, the ABCH transporter, which plays essential roles in lipid transport to construct the lipid barrier of insect cuticles and in pesticide detoxification within insects. Since ABCH transporters are critical for all insects but absent in mammals and plants, this elegant and exciting work provides a highly promising target for developing safe, low-resistance pesticides. Here, we highlight the groundbreaking discoveries made by Qing Yang's team in unraveling the intricate mechanisms of the ABCH transporter.展开更多
To provide reference for the prevention and control of diseases,pests,and weeds on Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.and the research and development of new pesticide registrations,this paper analyzes the quantity,variety s...To provide reference for the prevention and control of diseases,pests,and weeds on Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.and the research and development of new pesticide registrations,this paper analyzes the quantity,variety structure,dosage forms,and toxicity of pesticides registered on Z.bungeanum in China.The analysis reveals a relatively low quantity of pesticide registrations on Z.bungeanum,with no herbicide registrations;suspension concentrates dominate the dosage forms,and pesticide toxicity is classified as low-toxicity or micro-toxicity;registered pesticides target only rust,anthracnose,scale insects,aphids,and spider mites,while plant growth regulators solely involve growth regulation and shoot control.Given the current status of limited and incomplete pesticide registrations targeting major diseases,pests,and weeds on Z.bungeanum,severe product homogenization,and unknown maximum residue limits,it is recommended to intensify efforts in pesticide registration on Z.bungeanum,actively research and apply green control technologies,strengthen technical training guidance and pesticide supervision enforcement,to promote the healthy development of the industry.展开更多
Pesticides are chemical substances used to eliminate various pests.Currently,more than two million tons of pesticides are used annually in developing and developed countries.One of the chronic diseases associated with...Pesticides are chemical substances used to eliminate various pests.Currently,more than two million tons of pesticides are used annually in developing and developed countries.One of the chronic diseases associated with pesticide poisoning is diabetes.This review aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of action involved in the development of diabetes after pesticide poisoning.Relevant information was collected between January and May 2024,using databases such as PubMed,Google Academic,and Elsevier.Pesticides reduce the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)in the intestine,thereby decreasing the release of insulin.Moreover,pesticides are metabolized to acetic acid by intestinal microbiota.This contributes to gluconeogenesis in the liver.In addition,the accumulation of pesticides in adipose tissue affects pancreatic beta-cells(β-cells)through increases in the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and the release of leptin,resulting in insulin resistance and impairments of appetite control and energy balance.These alterations caused by pesticides can contribute to the development of diabetes by affecting many organic systems.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the associations between urinary dialkyl phosphate(DAP)metabolites of organophosphorus pesticides(OPPs)exposure and age-related macular degeneration(AMD)risk.METHODS:Participants were drawn from the...AIM:To investigate the associations between urinary dialkyl phosphate(DAP)metabolites of organophosphorus pesticides(OPPs)exposure and age-related macular degeneration(AMD)risk.METHODS:Participants were drawn from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES)between 2005 and 2008.Urinary DAP metabolites were used to construct a machine learning(ML)model for AMD prediction.Several interpretability pipelines,including permutation feature importance(PFI),partial dependence plot(PDP),and SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)analyses were employed to analyze the influence from exposure features to prediction outcomes.RESULTS:A total of 1845 participants were included and 137 were diagnosed with AMD.Receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)analysis evaluated Random Forests(RF)as the best ML model with its optimal predictive performance among eleven models.PFI and SHAP analyses illustrated that DAP metabolites were of significant contribution weights in AMD risk prediction,higher than most of the socio-demographic covariates.Shapley values and waterfall plots of randomly selected AMD individuals emphasized the predictive capacity of ML with high accuracy and sensitivity in each case.The relationships and interactions visualized by graphical plots and supported by statistical measures demonstrated the indispensable impacts from six DAP metabolites to the prediction of AMD risk.CONCLUSION:Urinary DAP metabolites of OPPs exposure are associated with AMD risk and ML algorithms show the excellent generalizability and differentiability in the course of AMD risk prediction.展开更多
Developing candidate materials that are equipped with the ability of both selective detection and efficient removal of pesticides is greatly desirable for the environment and public health.However,most of reported mat...Developing candidate materials that are equipped with the ability of both selective detection and efficient removal of pesticides is greatly desirable for the environment and public health.However,most of reported materials usually possess single function,which considerably limits their applications as sensors or captures.Herein,two fluorescent composites,ZIF-8@Au Ag NPs and ZIF-8-Au Ag NPs,are prepared by the integration of Au/Ag nanoparticles(M NPs)and a zeolite imidazolate framework(ZIF-8),presenting a more stable fluorescent performance compared with pure Au Ag NPs.The characterizations unravel that ZIF-8@Au Ag NPs exhibits a core shell type structure,whereas ZIF-8-Au Ag NPs are indicative of a dispersed loading type motif.ZIF-8-Au Ag NPs features a significant fluorescent quenching effect for three commonly used dinitroaniline pesticides in aqueous matrices.Then,pendimethalin(PDA)is selected as a representative of dinitroaniline pesticides to thoroughly develop the potential applications in the fields of detection and extraction.Impressively,ZIF-8-Au Ag NPs made of ZIF-8 shell embedded with Au Ag NPs can achieve fluorescence sensing for PDA in a low concentration range with the limit of detection(LOD)of 4.2 nmol/L from aqueous solution and agricultural products,attributed to the combination of competition mechanism and electron transfer.Moreover,ZIF-8-Au Ag NPs possesses high adsorption capacity of125 mg/g for PDA at p H 6,depending on the synergistic effect of unique structural frameworks,coordinative interaction and hydrogen bond.The design for present hybrid composites provides a facile strategy to develop difunctional luminescent adsorbents with the merits of selective detection and effective absorption of dinitroaniline pesticides.展开更多
Since it first appeared in 2022,the phenomenon referred to as Colony Collapse Disorder(CCD)has affected several regions of Morocco to varying degrees.In order to assess the possible impact of pesticides on the appeara...Since it first appeared in 2022,the phenomenon referred to as Colony Collapse Disorder(CCD)has affected several regions of Morocco to varying degrees.In order to assess the possible impact of pesticides on the appearance of this syndrome,we conducted a study aimed at evaluating the impact of pesticide use on the emergence of this syndrome through a year-long survey involving 160 beekeepers in the Beni Mellal–Khenifra Region(BKR)who also experienced an unprecedented desertion of hives during the same period.The majority of surveyed beekeepers practice mixed(45%)or migratory beekeeping(42%)and provide supplementary feeding(83.75%)to support their bees.Nearly 37.5%of the hives are located near crops treated with pesticides,exposing the bees to these chemicals.The results showed that the majority of beekeepers reported a cessation of queen laying(74.38%),high mortality rates among worker bees(81.25%),drones(65.63%),and queens(61.88%).Abnormal behaviors such as immobility with trembling(42.50%),reduced flights(47.50%),and disoriented navigation(28.75%)were also observed.Correlation analyses indicate that proximity to treated crops significantly increases the risk of queen laying cessation(Odds Ratio 6.0)and a reduction in waggle dances(Odds Ratio 2.41).Extended foraging flights show a borderline statistical significance(Odds Ratio 2.33),suggesting a disruption of natural food sources.These results highlight the potential impact of pesticides on colony health and bee behavior,pointing out the need to adapt beekeeping practices and implement protective measures against pesticides.展开更多
Pesticide residues are related to environmental pollution,food safety and other issues,and sample processing is a key link in the whole analysis and detection process.Therefore,it is of far-reaching significance to es...Pesticide residues are related to environmental pollution,food safety and other issues,and sample processing is a key link in the whole analysis and detection process.Therefore,it is of far-reaching significance to establish a reliable and safe pretreatment technique for pesticide detection.QuEChERS(quick,easy,cheap,effective,rugged and safe),as a pretreatment method for pesticide residue analysis,is widely used in the field of testing and analysis because of its characteristics of rapidity,simplicity,low cost and high efficiency.In this paper,the effects of material selection involving extractants,analyte protectants and purification agents and their ratio optimization in QuEChERS method on the improvement of pretreatment efficiency were analyzed,hoping to provide further technical reference for expanding the pretreatment technique.展开更多
Pyrazole derivatives have made impressive achievements in the discovery of new pesticides,especially novel fungicides,insecticides,and herbicides.The pyrazole ring containing two adjacent nitrogen atoms is an importan...Pyrazole derivatives have made impressive achievements in the discovery of new pesticides,especially novel fungicides,insecticides,and herbicides.The pyrazole ring containing two adjacent nitrogen atoms is an important active fragment,which showed broad-spectrum and efficient biological activities.With the great interest and focus on pyrazoles,it is necessary to keep up-to-date with the latest research progress on pyrazole derivatives in the discovery of new pesticides.Based on this,we reviewed the progress and applications of pyrazole derivatives in the discovery of fungicides,antibacterial agents,insecticides,herbicides,antiviral agents,and nematicides in the past decade,summarized the fungicidal,antibacterial,insecticidal,herbicidal,antiviral,and nematicidal activities of pyrazoles,as well as the synthetic methods of the representative compounds.We also discussed the structure-activity relationship(SAR) and mechanism of action of the active compounds,aiming to provide new clues and ideas for the search of new pyrazole pesticides with high efficiency,low toxicity,and unique mechanism of action.展开更多
Objective: To analyze the emergency treatment effect of ultra-early hemoperfusion (HP) in patients with severe organophosphate pesticide poisoning (SOPP). Methods: Sixty SOPP patients treated in the emergency departme...Objective: To analyze the emergency treatment effect of ultra-early hemoperfusion (HP) in patients with severe organophosphate pesticide poisoning (SOPP). Methods: Sixty SOPP patients treated in the emergency department between January 2022 and January 2024 were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table. The observation group (30 cases) received ultra-early HP treatment, while the reference group (30 cases) received conventional HP treatment initiated 6 hours post-poisoning. The groups were compared in terms of overall emergency efficacy, clinical indicators, serological markers, inflammatory factors, and complication rates. Results: The observation group had a higher total efficacy rate than the reference group, superior clinical indicators, and a lower complication rate (P < 0.05). After 24 hours of emergency treatment, serological markers and inflammatory factor levels in the observation group were lower than those in the reference group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Ultra-early HP treatment provides better emergency outcomes for SOPP patients by shortening treatment time, improving serological markers and inflammatory factor levels, and offering higher safety. It demonstrates significant advantages in emergency care.展开更多
Biomimetic nanozymes opens up new opportunities for sensitive,rapid and field detection of organophosphorus pesticides(OPs).However,it still remains challenges in how to improve the sensitivity and stability of biomim...Biomimetic nanozymes opens up new opportunities for sensitive,rapid and field detection of organophosphorus pesticides(OPs).However,it still remains challenges in how to improve the sensitivity and stability of biomimetic nanozymes under harsh conditions.Herein,we synthesized a novel biomimetic nanozyme composed of hemin and bovine serum albumin(BSA)in the nanopores of poly-l-lysine methacryloyl(PLMA)inverse opal hydrogel(PLMA-Hemin-BSA).PLMA-Hemin-BSA achieves superior peroxidase-like activity and shows high stability due to the confinement effect.A multi-enzyme cascade reaction was constructed for the colorimetric detection of five widely used OPs by integrating PLMAHemin-BSA with natural choline oxidase and acetylcholinesterase.The detection limits for dichlorvos,chlorpyrifos,paraoxon,methamidophos,and parathion were as low as 0.024,0.073,0.12,0.56,and 1.4 ng/mL,respectively.More importantly,the average recovery rates and the relative standard deviations(RSD)of chlorpyrifos in paddy water,soil and wheat samples were 86.62%-100.13%and 2.08%-8.65%,which meet the standard of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry(IUPAC,recoveries of 70%-120%with RSD<20%).This study represented advanced methods toward enhancing the activity and stability of biomimetic nanozymes via spatial nanopores-assisted strategy.展开更多
RNA interference(RNAi)has emerged as a promising platform for next-generation pesticides,offering high target specificity and environmental safety.In the post-genomic era,rapid advances in insect genomics,delivery sys...RNA interference(RNAi)has emerged as a promising platform for next-generation pesticides,offering high target specificity and environmental safety.In the post-genomic era,rapid advances in insect genomics,delivery systems,and bioinformatics have significantly accelerated the development of RNAi-based pest control strategies.This review summarizes current progress in RNAi mechanism elucidation,target gene selection,and delivery approaches including host-induced gene silencing(HIGS),spray-induced gene silencing(SIGS),and virusinduced gene silencing(VIGS).Key challenges—such as interspecies variability in RNAi efficiency,dsRNA degradation,and off-target effects—are discussed in detail.Machine learning(ML)and genome-wide screening play a critical role in optimizing siRNA design and reducing ecological risks.Commercial products such as Ledprona and MON87411 maize exemplify the practical potential of RNAi-based pesticides.Future success will depend on integrating comparative genomics,ML-based off-target prediction,and ecological risk assessment frameworks to ensure safety and sustainability in applications.展开更多
Organic amine pesticides(OAPs)are widely used in modern agriculture and these compounds can contaminate drinking water sources in different ways.However,there is a lack of data on the occurrence of OAPs in drinking wa...Organic amine pesticides(OAPs)are widely used in modern agriculture and these compounds can contaminate drinking water sources in different ways.However,there is a lack of data on the occurrence of OAPs in drinking water and their potential human health risks.In this study,tapwater(TW)and bottledwater(BW)sampleswere collected from eight cities in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration in China,and their OAP levelswere analyzed using high-throughput organic analysis testing coupled with high-volume solid-phase extraction(Hi-throat/Hi-volume SPE techniques).This study is the first to systematically characterize the trace levels of OAPs in drinking water in China.Our findings indicated that the total concentration of OAPs(OAPs)in TW(average 11.06±4.99 ng/L)was 29.4%higher than in BW(average 8.55±3.98 ng/L)and fewer kinds(7)of OAPs were detected in BW.Furthermore,the long-term intake of TW in some areas was linked to carcinogenic risks even at an acceptable OAP range,particularly in males,with molinate being the major contributor(61.3%)to OAP exposure.Further analysis revealed that the occurrence and health risks of OAPs in drinking water were mainly influenced by the quality of water sources and the technologies adopted in drinking water treatment plants(DWTPs).Furthermore,our findings demonstrated that advanced treatment technologies such as nanofiltration could more effectively remove OAPs in raw water(up to 87.5%).Therefore,our findings highlighted the importance of selecting appropriate advanced treatment technologies in DWTPs.展开更多
[Objective] A method was developed for the determination of 10 pyrethroids pesticide residues in rice by GC-MS-MS. [Method] Pyrethroids were extracted with acetonitrile, followed by a salting-out step with anhydrous m...[Objective] A method was developed for the determination of 10 pyrethroids pesticide residues in rice by GC-MS-MS. [Method] Pyrethroids were extracted with acetonitrile, followed by a salting-out step with anhydrous magnesium sulfate and sodium chloride, cleaned up by florisil solid phase extraction （SPE） cartridge, and determined by multiple reaction monitoring mode. [Result] The method showed good linearity over the range of 0.010-0.500 mg/L for 10 pyrethroid pesticide with correlation coefficients over 0.99. The detection limits were 0.005 -0.010 mg/kg. The method was validated by analyzing samples spiked with 0.05, 0.10, 0.20 mg/kg of 10 pyrethroid pesticides, respectively. The average recoveries in rice ranged from 75.0-115.5%, and the relative standard deviations （RSD） were between 3.9%-6.9%. [Conclusion] The method is easy, accurate and reliable, which can meet the requirement for the simultaneous determination and confirmation of pyrethroid pesticide residues in rice.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1700500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21837001).
文摘Pesticides are integral to agricultural productivity and food security.Despite the notable advancements in Computer Aided Drug Design(CADD)and Artificial Intelligence Drug Discovery(AIDD)in pharmaceuticals,their application in the pesticide sector remains underutilized.The complexity and non-user-friendly interfaces of these technologies have impeded their adoption by non-specialists,reducing their influence on pesticide creation.To overcome these obstacles,the Pesticide Discovery Artificial Intelligence(PDAI),a pioneering platform specifically tailored for the molecular design of pesticides would be a very useful tool.PDAI streamlines the innovation process,from target identification to the generation of viable pesticide candidates,optimizing key steps and simplifying the overall design workflow.This user-friendly platform significantly reduces the barriers for nonspecialists,making the pesticide design process more accessible and cost-effective.Its innovative strategy promotes interdisciplinary cooperation and accessibility,inviting a broader community to advance pesticide research.For more comprehensive information of PDAI,please click on the website https://digitalpesticide.com.
基金the financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFD1700102)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32472608)+3 种基金the Guizhou Provincial Fundation for Excellent Scholars Program(No.GCC[2023]069)the Central Government Guides Local Science and Technology Development Fund Projects(No.Qiankehezhongyindi[2024]007)the Guizhou Province Program of Major Scientific and Technological(No.Qiankehechengguo[2024]zhongda007)the Central Government Guides Local Science and Technology Development Fund Projects(No.Qiankehezhongyindi(2023)001)。
文摘Pyridazine has garnered increasing attention as a privileged scaffold and bioisosterism in drug discovery due to its unique structural characteristics.It can serve as a hydrogen bond acceptor when interacting with receptors due to its two adjacent nitrogen atoms.Upon conversion to pyridazinone,it exhibits the ability to act as both a hydrogen bond acceptor and donor,showcasing its versatility.This inherent flexibility has prompted extensive research exploring its bioactivity in pesticides and pharmaceuticals.In order to promote the development of pyridazine-based pesticides,this review provides a comprehensive summary of advancements for pyridazine-based pesticides on herbicidal(36.9%),insecticidal(26.2%),antifungal and antibacterial(24.6%),plant growth regulatory(10.8%),and antiviral activities(1.5%)from2000 to 2024.It serves as an invaluable reference and source of inspiration for agricultural scientists conducting future research.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82272067,81974386,and M-0696)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Nos.2022JJ80052 and 2022JJ40656)the Innovation Fund for Postgraduate Students of Central South University(No.2023ZZTS0609)。
文摘Butyrylcholinesterase(BChE)is a key enzyme in the metabolism of cholinergic compounds.It has been recognized as a key biomarker for many diseases,including liver diseases and Alzheimer’s disease.However,classical methods for detecting BChE activity suffer from low sensitivity,cumbersome pre-treatment,and poor stability.Chemiluminescence is a promising new method for detecting and imaging the activity of BChE.It has several advantages over traditional methods,including low background interference,high sensitivity,and the absence of external illumination.In this study,we developed a novel BChE-activatable chemiluminescent probe(CL-BChE).It exhibited a significant chemiluminescence enhancement at 525nm upon incubation with BChE.It had a low limit of detection(6.25×10^(−3)U/mL)and was highly selective for BChE.CL-BChE was used to image BChE activity in living cells and tumor-bearing animal models.It was also successfully applied to detect pesticide residue,even under the interference of representative phytochromes and real vegetable samples.Given its high sensitivity,selectivity,and versatility,we believe that CL-BChE will be a promising tool for investigating BChE’s activity in biomedical research as well as other BChE-related scenarios.
文摘This study evaluates pesticide contamination in groundwater downstream of the Kaddoussa Dam(Guir watershed,Morocco)and investigates the influence of agricultural activities on water quality.Nine sampling stations were strategicallyselected during November 2023(post-agricultural season)to analyze spatial patterns of 18 pesticide residues:7 organophosphorusand 11 organochlorines.Identification and quantification were performed via gas chromatography method,targetingboth compound classes.Key findings reveal moderate yet localized contamination.The total concentration of organophosphoruspesticides(ΣPOPs)ranged from 0μg/L(S8)to 0.191μg/L(S4),with peak concentrations at stations S3(0.190μg/L)and S4(0.191μg/L),correlating spatially with intensive agricultural zones.Otherwise,the total concentration oforganochlorine pesticides(ΣPOCs)showed lower levels(0-0.060μg/L),with maxima at S4 linked to endosulfan and HCHisomers.Notably,none of the detected organochlorine concentrations exceeded 0.06μg/L,indicating relatively low levels ofcontamination.Central stations(S2-S6)exhibited co-occurrence of both pesticide groups,dominated by organophosphoruspesticides(0.135-0.191μg/L),while peripheral sites(S1,S7,S8,S9)displayed negligible or undetectable residues.Despitesub-regulatory thresholds,the persistent detection of pesticides underscores ecological and public health risks,particularlyin arid regions with heightened vulnerability due to limited healthcare access and water scarcity.Even at low concentrations,organophosphorus and organochlorine pesticides pose significant threats to aquatic ecosystems through bioaccumulation,while also presenting acute health risks to farmworkers and local communities dependent on contaminated groundwater.This study highlights the urgent need for integrated pesticide management strategies to mitigate long-term environmentaland socio-economic impacts in agriculturally intensive,water-stressed regions.
文摘BACKGROUND Numerous epidemiological studies have found that pesticide exposure is associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes(T2D);however,the underlying mechanisms remain unknown.DNA methylation may play a role in this process.AIM To identify the genes associated with pesticide exposure and T2D by reviewing the current literature.METHODS We systematically searched PubMed and Embase for relevant studies that examined the association between pesticide exposure and DNA methylation,and studies on DNA methylation and T2D through January 15,2024.RESULTS We identified six genes(Alu,CABLES1,CDH1,PDX1,PTEN,PTPRN2)related to pesticide exposure and T2D.We also suggested future research directions to better define the role of DNA methylation in the association between pesticide exposure and T2D.CONCLUSION DNA methylation of specific genes may play a vital role in the association between pesticide exposure and T2D.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32270296)the Shenzhen Postdoctoral Scientific Research,China(77000-42100004)+1 种基金the Key Basic Research and Development Program of Hubei Province,China(2020BBA052)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(2024A1515010498)and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Sun Yat-sen University,China.
文摘Sharp eyespot(Rhizoctonia cerealis)is a widespread soil-borne fungal disease that poses a severe threat to wheat health,and it is one of the main obstacles to achieving stable and high-quality wheat yields in China.Our collaborative team has developed a novel,efficient,and low-toxicity fungicide named Y17991(N-(2-(2,4-bis-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)phenyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide).Preliminary laboratory tests confirmed the significant inhibitory effect of this agent on R.cerealis.Large-area field trials also demonstrated its efficacy,with a disease prevention index of 83.52%,which is 1.97%greater than that of the widely used thifluzamide,and it significantly increased the wheat yield.Moreover,this study explored the impacts of Y17991 on the structure and function of the microbial community in wheat rhizosphere soil.Bacterial communities were more strongly affected than fungal communities.Y17991 significantly modulated key amino acid metabolic pathways and certain biosynthetic processes in diseased wheat rhizospheres,and it also enhanced certain biosynthetic pathways and metabolic activities in healthy wheat rhizospheres.Additionally,the application of Y17991 regulated rhizosphere metabolites,thus exerting significant control over the microbial community.We identified 15 microbial strains potentially involved in the prevention and treatment of R.cerealis,and Y17991 treatment promoted the growth of Pedobacter and Bacillus strains.These strains not only aid in plant growth but they also have the potential for disease prevention.In summary,Y17991 application at a reasonable dose does not cause significant disruption to nontarget rhizosphere microbial communities.In future studies,we will continue to investigate the impacts of Y17991 on nonmicrobial components in soil ecosystems,such as protozoa and nematodes.Our research provides a theoretical basis for the scientific application and promotion of new fungicides and offers a significant reference for establishing a comprehensive system for assessing the ecological impact of pesticides on the environment.
基金Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School,and the National Key R&D Program of China,Synthetic Biology Research(2023YFA0913600).
文摘The integration of RNA interference(RNAi)technology with nanotechnology shows significant potential in overcoming the limitations of traditional double-stranded RNA(dsRNA)delivery systems,thereby enabling more efficient dsRNA delivery.Nanoparticles for dsRNA delivery have the potential to enhance the efficiency of RNAi and improve system stability.In this study,we discuss the limitations of conventional RNAi-based biopesticides,systematically introduce common nanoparticle carriers used for RNA pesticide delivery,analyze the interactions between nanoparticles and dsRNA during the delivery,and finally emphasize the overall limitations,associated risks,and challenges in practical applications.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(32471265).
文摘Pesticides play a pivotal role in modern agriculture. However, the pesticide industry faces significant challenges closely linked to major global concerns such as pesticide resistance, environmental pollution, food safety, and crop yields. Developing safe, efficient, and environmentally friendly pesticides has become a key challenge for the industry. Recently, Qing Yang and colleagues unveiled the mode of action of a dual-functional protein, the ABCH transporter, which plays essential roles in lipid transport to construct the lipid barrier of insect cuticles and in pesticide detoxification within insects. Since ABCH transporters are critical for all insects but absent in mammals and plants, this elegant and exciting work provides a highly promising target for developing safe, low-resistance pesticides. Here, we highlight the groundbreaking discoveries made by Qing Yang's team in unraveling the intricate mechanisms of the ABCH transporter.
基金Supported by Sichuan Province Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.Innovation Team Project"Green Control of Diseases and Weeds on Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim."Institute-Local Cooperation Project"Demonstration of Chemical Fertilizer and Pesticide Reduction Techniques in Hongya County(2024-2026)".
文摘To provide reference for the prevention and control of diseases,pests,and weeds on Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.and the research and development of new pesticide registrations,this paper analyzes the quantity,variety structure,dosage forms,and toxicity of pesticides registered on Z.bungeanum in China.The analysis reveals a relatively low quantity of pesticide registrations on Z.bungeanum,with no herbicide registrations;suspension concentrates dominate the dosage forms,and pesticide toxicity is classified as low-toxicity or micro-toxicity;registered pesticides target only rust,anthracnose,scale insects,aphids,and spider mites,while plant growth regulators solely involve growth regulation and shoot control.Given the current status of limited and incomplete pesticide registrations targeting major diseases,pests,and weeds on Z.bungeanum,severe product homogenization,and unknown maximum residue limits,it is recommended to intensify efforts in pesticide registration on Z.bungeanum,actively research and apply green control technologies,strengthen technical training guidance and pesticide supervision enforcement,to promote the healthy development of the industry.
文摘Pesticides are chemical substances used to eliminate various pests.Currently,more than two million tons of pesticides are used annually in developing and developed countries.One of the chronic diseases associated with pesticide poisoning is diabetes.This review aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of action involved in the development of diabetes after pesticide poisoning.Relevant information was collected between January and May 2024,using databases such as PubMed,Google Academic,and Elsevier.Pesticides reduce the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)in the intestine,thereby decreasing the release of insulin.Moreover,pesticides are metabolized to acetic acid by intestinal microbiota.This contributes to gluconeogenesis in the liver.In addition,the accumulation of pesticides in adipose tissue affects pancreatic beta-cells(β-cells)through increases in the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and the release of leptin,resulting in insulin resistance and impairments of appetite control and energy balance.These alterations caused by pesticides can contribute to the development of diabetes by affecting many organic systems.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC2502800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82171076)the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(No.2023KJ05-67).
文摘AIM:To investigate the associations between urinary dialkyl phosphate(DAP)metabolites of organophosphorus pesticides(OPPs)exposure and age-related macular degeneration(AMD)risk.METHODS:Participants were drawn from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES)between 2005 and 2008.Urinary DAP metabolites were used to construct a machine learning(ML)model for AMD prediction.Several interpretability pipelines,including permutation feature importance(PFI),partial dependence plot(PDP),and SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)analyses were employed to analyze the influence from exposure features to prediction outcomes.RESULTS:A total of 1845 participants were included and 137 were diagnosed with AMD.Receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)analysis evaluated Random Forests(RF)as the best ML model with its optimal predictive performance among eleven models.PFI and SHAP analyses illustrated that DAP metabolites were of significant contribution weights in AMD risk prediction,higher than most of the socio-demographic covariates.Shapley values and waterfall plots of randomly selected AMD individuals emphasized the predictive capacity of ML with high accuracy and sensitivity in each case.The relationships and interactions visualized by graphical plots and supported by statistical measures demonstrated the indispensable impacts from six DAP metabolites to the prediction of AMD risk.CONCLUSION:Urinary DAP metabolites of OPPs exposure are associated with AMD risk and ML algorithms show the excellent generalizability and differentiability in the course of AMD risk prediction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Nos.21863009 and 22063008)the Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia(Nos.2023AAC03014,2023AAC03227 and 2022AAC05002)+2 种基金the Young Top-notch Talent Cultivation Program of Ningxiathe Discipline Project of Ningxia(No.NXYLXK2017A04)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M723148)。
文摘Developing candidate materials that are equipped with the ability of both selective detection and efficient removal of pesticides is greatly desirable for the environment and public health.However,most of reported materials usually possess single function,which considerably limits their applications as sensors or captures.Herein,two fluorescent composites,ZIF-8@Au Ag NPs and ZIF-8-Au Ag NPs,are prepared by the integration of Au/Ag nanoparticles(M NPs)and a zeolite imidazolate framework(ZIF-8),presenting a more stable fluorescent performance compared with pure Au Ag NPs.The characterizations unravel that ZIF-8@Au Ag NPs exhibits a core shell type structure,whereas ZIF-8-Au Ag NPs are indicative of a dispersed loading type motif.ZIF-8-Au Ag NPs features a significant fluorescent quenching effect for three commonly used dinitroaniline pesticides in aqueous matrices.Then,pendimethalin(PDA)is selected as a representative of dinitroaniline pesticides to thoroughly develop the potential applications in the fields of detection and extraction.Impressively,ZIF-8-Au Ag NPs made of ZIF-8 shell embedded with Au Ag NPs can achieve fluorescence sensing for PDA in a low concentration range with the limit of detection(LOD)of 4.2 nmol/L from aqueous solution and agricultural products,attributed to the combination of competition mechanism and electron transfer.Moreover,ZIF-8-Au Ag NPs possesses high adsorption capacity of125 mg/g for PDA at p H 6,depending on the synergistic effect of unique structural frameworks,coordinative interaction and hydrogen bond.The design for present hybrid composites provides a facile strategy to develop difunctional luminescent adsorbents with the merits of selective detection and effective absorption of dinitroaniline pesticides.
文摘Since it first appeared in 2022,the phenomenon referred to as Colony Collapse Disorder(CCD)has affected several regions of Morocco to varying degrees.In order to assess the possible impact of pesticides on the appearance of this syndrome,we conducted a study aimed at evaluating the impact of pesticide use on the emergence of this syndrome through a year-long survey involving 160 beekeepers in the Beni Mellal–Khenifra Region(BKR)who also experienced an unprecedented desertion of hives during the same period.The majority of surveyed beekeepers practice mixed(45%)or migratory beekeeping(42%)and provide supplementary feeding(83.75%)to support their bees.Nearly 37.5%of the hives are located near crops treated with pesticides,exposing the bees to these chemicals.The results showed that the majority of beekeepers reported a cessation of queen laying(74.38%),high mortality rates among worker bees(81.25%),drones(65.63%),and queens(61.88%).Abnormal behaviors such as immobility with trembling(42.50%),reduced flights(47.50%),and disoriented navigation(28.75%)were also observed.Correlation analyses indicate that proximity to treated crops significantly increases the risk of queen laying cessation(Odds Ratio 6.0)and a reduction in waggle dances(Odds Ratio 2.41).Extended foraging flights show a borderline statistical significance(Odds Ratio 2.33),suggesting a disruption of natural food sources.These results highlight the potential impact of pesticides on colony health and bee behavior,pointing out the need to adapt beekeeping practices and implement protective measures against pesticides.
基金Supported by The Fourth Batch of High-end Talent Project in Hebei ProvinceThe Special Fund of the Central Government Guiding Local Science and Technology Development(226Z5504G)Tangshan Talent Funding Project(A202202005).
文摘Pesticide residues are related to environmental pollution,food safety and other issues,and sample processing is a key link in the whole analysis and detection process.Therefore,it is of far-reaching significance to establish a reliable and safe pretreatment technique for pesticide detection.QuEChERS(quick,easy,cheap,effective,rugged and safe),as a pretreatment method for pesticide residue analysis,is widely used in the field of testing and analysis because of its characteristics of rapidity,simplicity,low cost and high efficiency.In this paper,the effects of material selection involving extractants,analyte protectants and purification agents and their ratio optimization in QuEChERS method on the improvement of pretreatment efficiency were analyzed,hoping to provide further technical reference for expanding the pretreatment technique.
基金the National Key R & D Program of China(No.2023YFD1400400) for supporting the project。
文摘Pyrazole derivatives have made impressive achievements in the discovery of new pesticides,especially novel fungicides,insecticides,and herbicides.The pyrazole ring containing two adjacent nitrogen atoms is an important active fragment,which showed broad-spectrum and efficient biological activities.With the great interest and focus on pyrazoles,it is necessary to keep up-to-date with the latest research progress on pyrazole derivatives in the discovery of new pesticides.Based on this,we reviewed the progress and applications of pyrazole derivatives in the discovery of fungicides,antibacterial agents,insecticides,herbicides,antiviral agents,and nematicides in the past decade,summarized the fungicidal,antibacterial,insecticidal,herbicidal,antiviral,and nematicidal activities of pyrazoles,as well as the synthetic methods of the representative compounds.We also discussed the structure-activity relationship(SAR) and mechanism of action of the active compounds,aiming to provide new clues and ideas for the search of new pyrazole pesticides with high efficiency,low toxicity,and unique mechanism of action.
文摘Objective: To analyze the emergency treatment effect of ultra-early hemoperfusion (HP) in patients with severe organophosphate pesticide poisoning (SOPP). Methods: Sixty SOPP patients treated in the emergency department between January 2022 and January 2024 were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table. The observation group (30 cases) received ultra-early HP treatment, while the reference group (30 cases) received conventional HP treatment initiated 6 hours post-poisoning. The groups were compared in terms of overall emergency efficacy, clinical indicators, serological markers, inflammatory factors, and complication rates. Results: The observation group had a higher total efficacy rate than the reference group, superior clinical indicators, and a lower complication rate (P < 0.05). After 24 hours of emergency treatment, serological markers and inflammatory factor levels in the observation group were lower than those in the reference group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Ultra-early HP treatment provides better emergency outcomes for SOPP patients by shortening treatment time, improving serological markers and inflammatory factor levels, and offering higher safety. It demonstrates significant advantages in emergency care.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22125606 and 22241604)Chinese Academy of Sciences Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(No.YSBR-086)+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XBD0750000)the Research Start-up Funding Project of Kashi University(No.GCC2024ZK-014)。
文摘Biomimetic nanozymes opens up new opportunities for sensitive,rapid and field detection of organophosphorus pesticides(OPs).However,it still remains challenges in how to improve the sensitivity and stability of biomimetic nanozymes under harsh conditions.Herein,we synthesized a novel biomimetic nanozyme composed of hemin and bovine serum albumin(BSA)in the nanopores of poly-l-lysine methacryloyl(PLMA)inverse opal hydrogel(PLMA-Hemin-BSA).PLMA-Hemin-BSA achieves superior peroxidase-like activity and shows high stability due to the confinement effect.A multi-enzyme cascade reaction was constructed for the colorimetric detection of five widely used OPs by integrating PLMAHemin-BSA with natural choline oxidase and acetylcholinesterase.The detection limits for dichlorvos,chlorpyrifos,paraoxon,methamidophos,and parathion were as low as 0.024,0.073,0.12,0.56,and 1.4 ng/mL,respectively.More importantly,the average recovery rates and the relative standard deviations(RSD)of chlorpyrifos in paddy water,soil and wheat samples were 86.62%-100.13%and 2.08%-8.65%,which meet the standard of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry(IUPAC,recoveries of 70%-120%with RSD<20%).This study represented advanced methods toward enhancing the activity and stability of biomimetic nanozymes via spatial nanopores-assisted strategy.
基金Yunnan Province agricul132 tural basic research joint project(202401BD070001-017)National Key Research and Development Program(2022YFD1401600)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(LY22C140005,LZ23C140002).
文摘RNA interference(RNAi)has emerged as a promising platform for next-generation pesticides,offering high target specificity and environmental safety.In the post-genomic era,rapid advances in insect genomics,delivery systems,and bioinformatics have significantly accelerated the development of RNAi-based pest control strategies.This review summarizes current progress in RNAi mechanism elucidation,target gene selection,and delivery approaches including host-induced gene silencing(HIGS),spray-induced gene silencing(SIGS),and virusinduced gene silencing(VIGS).Key challenges—such as interspecies variability in RNAi efficiency,dsRNA degradation,and off-target effects—are discussed in detail.Machine learning(ML)and genome-wide screening play a critical role in optimizing siRNA design and reducing ecological risks.Commercial products such as Ledprona and MON87411 maize exemplify the practical potential of RNAi-based pesticides.Future success will depend on integrating comparative genomics,ML-based off-target prediction,and ecological risk assessment frameworks to ensure safety and sustainability in applications.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFD1100203).
文摘Organic amine pesticides(OAPs)are widely used in modern agriculture and these compounds can contaminate drinking water sources in different ways.However,there is a lack of data on the occurrence of OAPs in drinking water and their potential human health risks.In this study,tapwater(TW)and bottledwater(BW)sampleswere collected from eight cities in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration in China,and their OAP levelswere analyzed using high-throughput organic analysis testing coupled with high-volume solid-phase extraction(Hi-throat/Hi-volume SPE techniques).This study is the first to systematically characterize the trace levels of OAPs in drinking water in China.Our findings indicated that the total concentration of OAPs(OAPs)in TW(average 11.06±4.99 ng/L)was 29.4%higher than in BW(average 8.55±3.98 ng/L)and fewer kinds(7)of OAPs were detected in BW.Furthermore,the long-term intake of TW in some areas was linked to carcinogenic risks even at an acceptable OAP range,particularly in males,with molinate being the major contributor(61.3%)to OAP exposure.Further analysis revealed that the occurrence and health risks of OAPs in drinking water were mainly influenced by the quality of water sources and the technologies adopted in drinking water treatment plants(DWTPs).Furthermore,our findings demonstrated that advanced treatment technologies such as nanofiltration could more effectively remove OAPs in raw water(up to 87.5%).Therefore,our findings highlighted the importance of selecting appropriate advanced treatment technologies in DWTPs.
文摘[Objective] A method was developed for the determination of 10 pyrethroids pesticide residues in rice by GC-MS-MS. [Method] Pyrethroids were extracted with acetonitrile, followed by a salting-out step with anhydrous magnesium sulfate and sodium chloride, cleaned up by florisil solid phase extraction （SPE） cartridge, and determined by multiple reaction monitoring mode. [Result] The method showed good linearity over the range of 0.010-0.500 mg/L for 10 pyrethroid pesticide with correlation coefficients over 0.99. The detection limits were 0.005 -0.010 mg/kg. The method was validated by analyzing samples spiked with 0.05, 0.10, 0.20 mg/kg of 10 pyrethroid pesticides, respectively. The average recoveries in rice ranged from 75.0-115.5%, and the relative standard deviations （RSD） were between 3.9%-6.9%. [Conclusion] The method is easy, accurate and reliable, which can meet the requirement for the simultaneous determination and confirmation of pyrethroid pesticide residues in rice.
