The repair of the periodontal membrane is essential for the successful management of periodontal disease and dental trauma.Emdogain®(EMD)is widely used in periodontal therapy due to its ability to promote repair....The repair of the periodontal membrane is essential for the successful management of periodontal disease and dental trauma.Emdogain®(EMD)is widely used in periodontal therapy due to its ability to promote repair.Despite substantial research,the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying EMD’s effects,particularly at the single-cell resolution,remain incompletely understood.This study established a delayed tooth replantation model in rats to investigate these aspects.Tooth loss rate and degree of loosening were evaluated at 4 and 8 weeks.Micro-CT,HE staining,TRAP staining,and immunofluorescence staining were evaluated to assess EMD’s efficacy.Single-cell sequencing analyses generated single-cell maps that explored enrichment pathways,cell communication,and potential repair mechanisms.Findings indicated that EMD could reduce the rate of tooth loss,promote periodontal membrane repair,and reduce root and bone resorption.Single-cell analysis revealed that EMD promotes the importance of Vtn+fibroblasts,enhancing matrix and tissue regeneration functions.Additionally,EMD stimulated osteogenic pathways,reduced osteoclastic activity,and promoted angiogenesis-related pathways,particularly bone-related H-type vessel expression in endothelial cells.Gene modules associated with angiogenesis,osteogenesis,and odontoblast differentiation were identified,suggesting EMD might facilitate osteogenesis and odontoblast differentiation by upregulating endothelium-related genes.Immune cell analysis indicated that EMD did not elicit a significant immune response.Cell communication analysis suggested that EMD fostered pro-regenerative networks driven by interactions between mesenchymal stem cells,fibroblasts,and endothelial cells.In conclusion,EMD proves to be an effective root surface therapy agent that supports the restoration of delayed replantation teeth.展开更多
Periodontitis is a common oral disease characterized by progressive alveolar bone resorption and inflammation of the periodontal tissues.Dimethyl fumarate(DMF)has been used in the treatment of various immune-inflammat...Periodontitis is a common oral disease characterized by progressive alveolar bone resorption and inflammation of the periodontal tissues.Dimethyl fumarate(DMF)has been used in the treatment of various immune-inflammatory diseases due to its excellent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant functions.Here,we investigated for the first time the therapeutic effect of DMF on periodontitis.In vivo studies showed that DMF significantly inhibited periodontal destruction,enhanced mitophagy,and decreased the M1/M2 macrophage ratio.In vitro studies showed that DMF inhibited macrophage polarization toward M1 macrophages and promoted polarization toward M2 macrophages,with improved mitochondrial function,inhibited oxidative stress,and increased mitophagy in RAW 264.7 cells.Furthermore,DMF increased intracellular mitochondrial Tu translation elongation factor(TUFM)levels to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis,promoted mitophagy,and modulated macrophage polarization,whereas TUFM knockdown decreased the protective effect of DMF.Finally,mechanistic studies showed that DMF increased intracellular TUFM levels by protecting TUFM from degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation pathway.Our results demonstrate for the first time that DMF protects mitochondrial function and inhibits oxidative stress through TUFM-mediated mitophagy in macrophages,resulting in a shift in the balance of macrophage polarization,thereby attenuating periodontitis.Importantly,this study provides new insights into the prevention of periodontitis.展开更多
The present article reviews the emerging role of melatonin(MT)and the Hippo-Yes-associated protein signaling pathway in periodontal regeneration,high-lighting their potential to delay the aging process of periodontal ...The present article reviews the emerging role of melatonin(MT)and the Hippo-Yes-associated protein signaling pathway in periodontal regeneration,high-lighting their potential to delay the aging process of periodontal ligament stem cells(PDLSCs).Oxidative stress and cellular senescence are major obstacles in regenerative therapies,especially in an aging population.MT,a potent antioxidant,restores the morphology,proliferation,and osteogenic differentiation potential of PDLSCs under oxidative stress conditions.Recent research highlights how MT enhances PDLSC stemness by upregulating Yes-associated protein ex-pression,offering a promising therapeutic strategy to antagonize tissue dege-neration.In addition,the article discusses the growing interest in probiotics as a complementary approach to improve oral microbiota and support tissue regeneration.The integration of MT with traditional and novel therapeutic approaches may pave the way for innovative preventive or active treatments in periodontology,aimed at reducing oxidative stress.Future research needs to focus on translating these findings into clinical applications and promoting a deeper understanding of periodontal regeneration and cellular aging.展开更多
The periodontal ligament(PDL)plays a crucial role in transmitting and dispersing occlusal force,acting as mechanoreceptor for muscle activity during chewing,as well as mediating orthodontic tooth movement.It transform...The periodontal ligament(PDL)plays a crucial role in transmitting and dispersing occlusal force,acting as mechanoreceptor for muscle activity during chewing,as well as mediating orthodontic tooth movement.It transforms mechanical stimuli into biological signals,influencing alveolar bone remodeling.Recent research has delved deeper into the biological and mechanical aspects of PDL,emphasizing the importance of understanding its structure and mechanical properties comprehensively.This review focuses on the latest findings concerning both macro-and micro-structural aspects of the PDL,highlighting its mechanical characteristics and factors that influence them.Moreover,it explores the mechanotransduction mechanisms of PDL cells under mechanical forces.Structure-mechanics-mechanotransduction interplay in PDL has been integrated ultimately.By providing an up-to-date overview of our understanding on PDL at various scales,this study lays the foundation for further exploration into PDL-related biomechanics and mechanobiology.展开更多
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by the host’s immune response and various interactions between pathogens,which lead to the loss of connective tissue and bone.In recent years,mesenchymal ste...BACKGROUND Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by the host’s immune response and various interactions between pathogens,which lead to the loss of connective tissue and bone.In recent years,mesenchymal stem cell(SC)transplantation technology has become a research hotspot,which can form periodontal ligament,cementum,and alveolar bone through proliferation and differentiation.AIM To elucidate the regulatory effects of WD repeat-containing protein 36(WDR36)on the senescence,migration,and osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament SCs(PDLSCs).METHODS The migration and chemotaxis of PDLSCs were detected by the scratch-wound migration test and transwell chemotaxis test.Alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity,Alizarin red staining,calcium content,and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)of key transcription factors were used to detect the osteogenic differentiation function of PDLSCs.Cell senescence was determined by senescence-associatedβ-galactosidase staining.RESULTS The 24-hour and 48-hour scratch-wound migration test and 48-hour transwell chemotaxis test showed that overexpression of WDR36 inhibited the migration/chemotaxis of PDLSCs.Simultaneously,WDR36 depletion promoted the migration/chemotaxis of PDLSCs.The results of ALP activity,Alizarin red staining,calcium content,and RTqPCR showed that overexpression of WDR36 inhibited the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs,and WDR36 depletion promoted the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs.Senescence-associatedβ-galactosidase staining showed that 0.1μg/mL icariin(ICA)and overexpression of WDR36 inhibited the senescence of PDLSCs,and WDR36 depletion promoted the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs.CONCLUSION WDR36 inhibits the migration and chemotaxis,osteogenic differentiation,and senescence of PDLSCs;0.1μg/mL ICA inhibits the senescence of PDLSCs.Therefore,WDR36 might serve as a target for periodontal tissue regeneration and the treatment of periodontitis.展开更多
Background:Numerous systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been published that evaluate the association between periodontal disease and systemic diseases,many of which address similar topics.Moreover,their quality ...Background:Numerous systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been published that evaluate the association between periodontal disease and systemic diseases,many of which address similar topics.Moreover,their quality requires assessment.Therefore,we performed a cross-sectional analysis to examine the evidence on the relationship between periodontal disease and systemic diseases.Methods:The PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched to identify relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Only studies that considered periodontal disease as the exposure factor and various systemic diseases as the outcome were included.The basic characteristics and pertinent data from the selected studies were extracted.The modified version of A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2(AMSTAR 2)was employed for quality assessment,while R software was used for statistical analysis.Results:Among the 212 relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses,57 were finally included in our analysis.These studies involved 75 diseases and 81 disease-related outcomes,with cancer(19/81)being the most frequently addressed topic.Of the 81 outcomes,67 demonstrated a significant association.Notably,the highest risk estimate was found for head and neck cancer[odds ratio(OR)=3.17,95%confidence interval(CI)1.78-5.64],while the lowest was observed for premature rupture of the amniotic sac[relative risk(RR)=1.10,95%CI 1.08-1.12].The methodological quality ratings indicated that approximately 71.93%of included studies were classified as“Critically low”,with another 17.54%rated as“Low”,and only about 10.53%categorized as“Moderate”.Conclusions:Periodontal disease significantly elevates the risks associated with 15 cancer-related,8 cardiovascular-related,8 metabolic-related,and 5 neurological-related outcomes.However,the overall methodological quality of existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses is generally suboptimal and requires enhancement to generate higher-quality evidence in the future.展开更多
Hydrogels, as a novel class of biomaterials, exhibit broad application prospects and are widely used in tissue engineering. In the field of periodontology within dental medicine, hydrogels can be employed for periodon...Hydrogels, as a novel class of biomaterials, exhibit broad application prospects and are widely used in tissue engineering. In the field of periodontology within dental medicine, hydrogels can be employed for periodontal tissue regeneration to repair the damage caused by periodontitis. At present, various hydrogels have been developed to control periodontal inflammation and repair periodontal tissues. This article, based on domestic and international literature, provides a brief review of hydrogels used in periodontal tissue regeneration.展开更多
Periodontal bone defects,primarily caused by periodontitis,are highly prevalent in clinical settings and manifest as bone fenestration,dehiscence,or attachment loss,presenting a significant challenge to oral health.In...Periodontal bone defects,primarily caused by periodontitis,are highly prevalent in clinical settings and manifest as bone fenestration,dehiscence,or attachment loss,presenting a significant challenge to oral health.In regenerative medicine,harnessing developmental principles for tissue repair offers promising therapeutic potential.Of particular interest is the condensation of progenitor cells,an essential event in organogenesis that has inspired clinically effective cell aggregation approaches in dental regeneration.However,the precise cellular coordination mechanisms during condensation and regeneration remain elusive.Here,taking the tooth as a model organ,we employed single-cell RNA sequencing to dissect the cellular composition and heterogeneity of human dental follicle and dental papilla,revealing a distinct Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha(PDGFRA)mesenchymal stem/stromal cell(MSC)population with remarkable odontogenic potential.Interestingly,a reciprocal paracrine interaction between PDGFRA^(+)dental follicle stem cells(DFSCs)and CD31^(+)Endomucin^(+)endothelial cells(ECs)was mediated by Vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA)and Platelet-derived growth factor subunit BB(PDGFBB).This crosstalk not only maintains the functionality of PDGFRA^(+)DFSCs but also drives specialized angiogenesis.In vivo periodontal bone regeneration experiments further reveal that communication between PDGFRA+DFSC aggregates and recipient ECs is essential for effective angiogenic-osteogenic coupling and rapid tissue repair.Collectively,our results unravel the importance of MSC-EC crosstalk mediated by the VEGFA and PDGFBB-PDGFRA reciprocal signaling in orchestrating angiogenesis and osteogenesis.These findings not only establish a framework for deciphering and promoting periodontal bone regeneration in potential clinical applications but also offer insights for future therapeutic strategies in dental or broader regenerative medicine.展开更多
The oral microenvironment plays a pivotal role in determining stem cell fate,driving both regeneration and pathological transformation.Emerging evidence suggests that post-translational modifications(PTMs)play a role ...The oral microenvironment plays a pivotal role in determining stem cell fate,driving both regeneration and pathological transformation.Emerging evidence suggests that post-translational modifications(PTMs)play a role as dynamic molecular signatures that regulate key signaling networks in dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells.These PTMs not only influence stem cell self-renewal and differentiation in periodontal tissue regeneration but also contribute to cancer stem cell plasticity and therapeutic resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC).At the pathway level,PTM programs interface with Wnt/β-catenin and bone morphogenetic protein/SMAD axis and integrate mitogen-activated protein kinase(p38/c-Jun N-terminal kinase)→runt-related transcription factor 2 in regeneration,whereas in OSCC/cancer stem cell they converge on Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3,phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of the rapamycin,and transforming growth factor-beta/SMAD-driven epithelial-mesenchymal transition.This review expounds on recent advances in PTM-mediated regulatory mechanisms in dentalderived mesenchymal stem cells,outlines their functional implications in inflammatory and tumor microenvironments,and discusses translational strategies-including localized,time-staged PTM modulation for regeneration and pathwayanchored combinations for OSCC-for regenerative medicine and targeted cancer therapies.Future research directions emphasize the integration of single-cell and spatial multi-omics with PTM profiling as a new approach to precision-based dental and oncological therapies.展开更多
Regenerating periodontal bone defect surrounding periodontal tissue is crucial for orthodontic or dental implant treatment.The declined osteogenic ability of periodontal ligament stem cells(PDLSCs)induced by inflammat...Regenerating periodontal bone defect surrounding periodontal tissue is crucial for orthodontic or dental implant treatment.The declined osteogenic ability of periodontal ligament stem cells(PDLSCs)induced by inflammation stimulus contributes to reduced capacity to regenerate periodontal bone,which brings about a huge challenge for treating periodontitis.Here,inspired by the adhesive property of mussels,we have created adhesive and mineralized hydrogel microspheres loaded with traditional compound cordycepin(MMS-CY).MMS-CY could adhere to the surface of alveolar bone,then promote the migration capacity of PDLSCs and thus recruit them to inflammatory periodontal tissues.Furthermore,MMS-CY rescued the impaired osteogenesis and ligamentforming capacity of PDLSCs,which were suppressed by the inflammation stimulus.Moreover,MMS-CY also displayed the excellent inhibitory effect on the osteoclastic activity.Mechanistically,MMS-CY inhibited the premature senescence induced by the inflammation stimulus through the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor(NRF2)pathway and reducing the DNA injury.Utilizing in vivo rat periodontitis model,MMS-CY was demonstrated to enhance the periodontal bone regeneration by improving osteogenesis and inhibiting the osteoclastic activity.Altogether,our study indicated that the multi-pronged approach is promising to promote the periodontal bone regeneration in periodontitis condition by reducing the inflammation-induced stem cell senescence and maintaining bone homeostasis.展开更多
Patients with periodontal disease often require combined periodontal-orthodontic interventions to restore periodontal health,function,and aesthetics,ensuring both patient satisfaction and long-term stability.Managing ...Patients with periodontal disease often require combined periodontal-orthodontic interventions to restore periodontal health,function,and aesthetics,ensuring both patient satisfaction and long-term stability.Managing these patients involving orthodontic tooth movement can be particularly challenging due to compromised periodontal soft and hard tissues,especially in severe cases.Therefore,close collaboration between orthodontists and periodontists for comprehensive diagnosis and sequential treatment,along with diligent patient compliance throughout the entire process,is crucial for achieving favorable treatment outcomes.Moreover,long-term orthodontic retention and periodontal follow-up are essential to sustain treatment success.This expert consensus,informed by the latest clinical research and practical experience,addresses clinical considerations for orthodontic treatment of periodontal patients,delineating indications,objectives,procedures,and principles with the aim of providing clear and practical guidance for clinical practitioners.展开更多
Objective:To investigate possible effects of nanophase powder of hydroxyapatite on proliferation of periodontal ligament cells. Methods: With sol-gel method, the nanophase hydroxyapatite powders were fabricated. These...Objective:To investigate possible effects of nanophase powder of hydroxyapatite on proliferation of periodontal ligament cells. Methods: With sol-gel method, the nanophase hydroxyapatite powders were fabricated. These powders were proved nanopaticles by transmission electron microscope. The effects on proliferation of periodontal ligament cell(PDLC) were observed in vitro with MTT [3-(4,5dimethylthiazo;-2-yl)-2,5-diphenytetralium bromide] method. Results: On the 2nd,3rd,4th day after treated with nanoparticles of hydroxyapatite, the proliferate activity of the PDLC increases significantly, compared with those with dense hydroxyaoatite and control but no significant difference could be found between the dense hydroxyapatite and the control. Conclusion: Nanophase hydroxyapatite can promote the regeneration of periodontal tissue.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To examine the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)application on postoperative pain levels and the amount of analgesic use in patients who underwent periodontal flap surgery.METHODS:In this prospective,randomiz...OBJECTIVE:To examine the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)application on postoperative pain levels and the amount of analgesic use in patients who underwent periodontal flap surgery.METHODS:In this prospective,randomized and controlled study,patients planned for periodontal surgery were divided into two groups[EA group(n=22):patients who received electroacupuncture and control group(n=22):patients who did not receive electroacupuncture].Electroacupuncture was applied bilaterally to the Hegu(LI4),Daying(ST5),and Jiache(ST5)points of the patients in the EA group immediately before and after the flap surgery for 30 min at a frequency of 50 Hz to each point at a current that the patient could tolerate.The patients in the control group underwent flap surgery without applying electroacupuncture.Patients were asked to record their pain levels on the visual analog scale and the number of analgesic tablets they took during the 7 postoperative days on the given form.RESULTS:The total mean score of pain felt in the EA group(16.60±2.78)was found to be significantly lower than that in the control group(31.37±2.78)(P=0.001).No significant difference was found between the groups regarding the amount of analgesics taken(4.77±4.72,5.82±3.11)(P=0.111).CONCLUSIONS:Our study shows that electroacupuncture application is beneficial in reducing pain after periodontal flap surgery.Overall,more research is needed to fully understand the effects of electroacupuncture on postoperative pain.展开更多
Objective To investigate the treatment effect of the histone demethylase inhibitor GSK-J4,a small molecule that inhibits the demethylase activity of Jumonji domain-containing protein 3(JMJD3),in the treatment of perio...Objective To investigate the treatment effect of the histone demethylase inhibitor GSK-J4,a small molecule that inhibits the demethylase activity of Jumonji domain-containing protein 3(JMJD3),in the treatment of periodontitis.Methods Gingival tissues from patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis and healthy controls were collected to evaluate JMJD3 expression via real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR(RT-qPCR)and immunohistochemistry(IHC).Next,Sprague–Dawley(SD)rats were used to investigate the effect of GSK-J4 in vivo.The experimental periodontitis model was induced by upper first molar ligation and gingival sulcus injection of Porphyromonas gingivalis.The rats were divided into a healthy group,a periodontitis group,periodontitis plus GSK-J4 treatment groups(P+GSK-J415 mg/kg or 25 mg/kg),and a periodontitis plus dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)group(P+DMSO).After 4 weeks,maxillary molar segments were assessed via micro-computed tomography(CT)and hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining.Serum tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results Higher expression of the Jmjd3 gene and JMJD3 protein was detected in human inflamed gingiva than in healthy gingiva(P<0.05).GSK-J4 administration reversed alveolar bone absorption[i.e.,reduced alveolar bone crest(ABC)-cementoenamel junction(CEJ)distance],reduced inflammatory cell accumulation at the crest of the alveolar bone,and alleviated serum TNF-αlevels in rats with periodontitis.Moreover,the number of H3K27me3-positive nuclei was greater in model rats treated with GSK J4 than in model rats.Conclusions The histone demethylase inhibitor GSK-J4 attenuated periodontal bone loss and inflammation in a rat periodontitis model by targeting JMJD3.展开更多
In order to investigate the material properties ofperiodontal ligament （ PDL） in different locations, the nanoindentation method is used to survey the elastic modulus of the PDL at different levels. Cadaveric specim...In order to investigate the material properties ofperiodontal ligament （ PDL） in different locations, the nanoindentation method is used to survey the elastic modulus of the PDL at different levels. Cadaveric specimens of human mandibular canine were obtained from 4 adult donors, 16 transverse specimens were made from the sections of cervical margin, midroot and apex using the slow cutting machine. The prepared specimens were tested in different sections （along the longitudinal direction） and different areas （in the circumferential direction）. According to the Oliver-Phair theory, the mean values of elastic modulus were calculated foreach area and the differences among them were compared. In the midroot section, the average elastic modulus is ranging from 0. 11 to 0. 23 MPa, the changing range of the cervical margin and apex are from 0. 21 to 0. 53 MPa and 0. 44 to0.62 MPa, respectively. Experimental results indicate that the average elastic modulus in the midroot is lower than that in the cervical margin and apex, and relatively small changes occur among them. However, there is a large change to the elastic modulus value in the cicumferential direction for the PDL.展开更多
BACKGROUND In the clinical scenario,adult patients with periodontal diseases and dental malformation,characterized by dental crowding in lower anterior teeth with the thin biotype,often require orthodontic treatment.T...BACKGROUND In the clinical scenario,adult patients with periodontal diseases and dental malformation,characterized by dental crowding in lower anterior teeth with the thin biotype,often require orthodontic treatment.This case report aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics(PAOO)combined with autologous platelet-rich fibrin(PRF)in an adult patient with class I malocclusion along with dental crowding,a thin periodontal biotype,and buccal plate deficiency.CASE SUMMARY A 32-year-old female complaining of dental crowding and gingival bleeding was referred to the orthodontic clinic.The patient underwent periodontal risk assessment prior to orthodontic treatment.She was diagnosed with a high risk of gingival recession due to dental crowding,root prominence,loss of buccal plates,and a thin gingival tissue biotype.The treatment regimen included PAOO combined with autologous PRF for alveolar augmentation and interproximal enamel reduction for moderate dental crowding.Clinically,PAOO-assisted orthodontic tooth movement in this case showed enhanced periodontium remodeling.Radiographic outcomes also showed statistically significant improvements(P<0.01)in the mandibular buccal alveolar bone.CONCLUSION This case report suggests the combination of autologous PRF with PAOO to enhance bone augmentation and long-term tissue support in adult orthodontic patients with periodontal disease.展开更多
The association between adipokines and inflammatory periodontal diseases has been studied over the last two decades. This review was intended to explore the observation that periodontal therapy may lead to an improvem...The association between adipokines and inflammatory periodontal diseases has been studied over the last two decades. This review was intended to explore the observation that periodontal therapy may lead to an improvement of adipokines in diabetic patients. In summary, substantial evidence suggests that diabetes is associated with increased prevalence, extent and severity of periodontitis. Numerous mechanisms have been elucidated to explain the impact of diabetes on the periodontium. However, current knowledge concerning the role of major adipokines indicates only some of their associations with the pathogenesis of periodontitis in type 2 diabetes. Conversely, treatment of periodontal disease and reduction of oral inflammation may have positive effects on the diabetic condition, although evidence for this remains somewhat equivocal.展开更多
Regeneration of periodontal tissue is the most promising method for restoring periodontal structures.To find a suitable bioactive three- dimensional scaffold promoting cell proliferation and differentiation is critica...Regeneration of periodontal tissue is the most promising method for restoring periodontal structures.To find a suitable bioactive three- dimensional scaffold promoting cell proliferation and differentiation is critical in periodontal tissue engineering.The objective of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of a novel porcine acellular dermal matrix as periodontal tissue scaffolds both in vitro and in vivo.The scaffolds in this study were purified porcine acellular dermal matrix(PADM) and hydroxyapatite-treated PADM(HA-PADM). The biodegradation patterns of the scaffolds were evaluated in vitro.The biocompatibility of the scaffolds in vivo was assessed by implanting them into the sacrospinal muscle of 20 New Zealand white rabbits.The hPDL cells were cultured with PADM or HA-PADM scaffolds for 3,7,14,21 and 28 days.Cell viability assay,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),hematoxylin and eosin(H&E) staining, immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy were used to evaluate the biocompatibility of the scaffolds.In vitro,both PADM and HA-PADM scaffolds displayed appropriate biodegradation pattern,and also,demonstrated favorable tissue compatibility without tissue necrosis,fibrosis and other abnormal response.The absorbance readings of the WST-1 assay were increased with the time course, suggesting the cell proliferation in the scaffolds.The hPDL cells attaching,spreading and morphology on the surface of the scaffold were visualized by SEM,H&E staining,immnuohjstochemistry and confocal microscopy,demonstrated that hPDL cells were able to grow into the HA-PADM scaffolds and the amount of cells were growing up in the course of time.This study proved that HA-PADM scaffold had good biocompatibility in animals in vivo and appropriate biodegrading characteristics in vitro.The hPDL cells were able to proliferate and migrate into the scaffold.These observations may suggest that HA-PADM scaffold is a potential cell carrier for periodontal tissue regeneration.展开更多
The periodontal ligament(PDL)is an essential fibrous tissue for tooth retention in the alveolar bone socket.PDL tissue further functions to cushion occlusal force,maintain alveolar bone height,allow orthodontic tooth ...The periodontal ligament(PDL)is an essential fibrous tissue for tooth retention in the alveolar bone socket.PDL tissue further functions to cushion occlusal force,maintain alveolar bone height,allow orthodontic tooth movement,and connect tooth roots with bone.Severe periodontitis,deep caries,and trauma cause irreversible damage to this tissue,eventually leading to tooth loss through the destruction of tooth retention.Many patients suffer from these diseases worldwide,and its prevalence increases with age.To address this issue,regenerative medicine for damaged PDL tissue as well as the surrounding tissues has been extensively investigated regarding the potential and effectiveness of stem cells,scaffolds,and cytokines as well as their combined applications.In particular,PDL stem cells(PDLSCs)have been well studied.In this review,I discuss comprehensive studies on PDLSCs performed in vivo and contemporary reports focusing on the acquisition of large numbers of PDLSCs for therapeutic applications because of the very small number of PDLSCs available in vivo.展开更多
Aim Tissue engineering is a promising area with a broad range of applications in the fields of regenerative medicine and human health. The emergence of periodontal tissue engineering for clinical treatment of periodon...Aim Tissue engineering is a promising area with a broad range of applications in the fields of regenerative medicine and human health. The emergence of periodontal tissue engineering for clinical treatment of periodontal disease has opened a new therapeutic avenue. The choice of scaffold is crucial. This study was conducted to prepare zein scaffold and explore the suitability of zein and Shuanghuangbu for periodontal tissue engineering.Methodology A zein scaffold was made using the solvent casting/particulate leaching method with sodium chloride （NaC1） particles as the porogen. The physical properties of the zein scaffold were evaluated by observing its shape and determining its pore structure and porosity. Cytotoxicity testing of the scaffold was carried out via in vitro cell culture experiments, including a liquid extraction experi- ment and the direct contact assay. Also, the Chinese medicine Shuanghuangbu, as a growth factor, was diluted by scaffold extract into different concentrations. This Shuanghuangbu-scaffold extract was then added to periodontal ligament cells （PDLCs） in order to determineits effect on cell proliferation. Results The zein scaffold displayed a sponge-like structure with a high porosity and sufficient thickness. The porosity and pore size of the zein scaffold can be controlled by changing the porogen particles dosage and size. The porosity was up to 64.1%-78.0%. The pores were well-distributed, interconnected, and porous. The toxicity of the zein scaffold was graded as 0-1. Furthermore, PDLCs displayed full stretching and vigorous growth under scanning electronic microscope （SEM）. Shuanghuangbu-scaffold extract could reinforce proliferation activity of PDLCs compared to the control group, especially at 100 μg.mL^-1 （P〈0.01）. Conclusion A zein scaffold with high porosity, open pore wall structure, and good biocompatibility is conducive to the growth of PDLCs. Zein could be used as scaffold to repair periodontal tissue defects. Also, Shuanghuangbuscaffold extract can enhance the proliferation activity of PDLCs. Altogether, these findings provide the basis for in vivo testing on animals.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20314,82470988,32070826)National Key R&D of Program of China(2022YFC2504201)+2 种基金Outstanding Youth Fund of Chongqing Natural Science Foundation(CSTB2023NSCQJQX0006)Science and Technology Research Project of Chongqing Education Commission(KJQN202200471)CQMU Program for Youth Innovation in Future Medicine(W0075).
文摘The repair of the periodontal membrane is essential for the successful management of periodontal disease and dental trauma.Emdogain®(EMD)is widely used in periodontal therapy due to its ability to promote repair.Despite substantial research,the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying EMD’s effects,particularly at the single-cell resolution,remain incompletely understood.This study established a delayed tooth replantation model in rats to investigate these aspects.Tooth loss rate and degree of loosening were evaluated at 4 and 8 weeks.Micro-CT,HE staining,TRAP staining,and immunofluorescence staining were evaluated to assess EMD’s efficacy.Single-cell sequencing analyses generated single-cell maps that explored enrichment pathways,cell communication,and potential repair mechanisms.Findings indicated that EMD could reduce the rate of tooth loss,promote periodontal membrane repair,and reduce root and bone resorption.Single-cell analysis revealed that EMD promotes the importance of Vtn+fibroblasts,enhancing matrix and tissue regeneration functions.Additionally,EMD stimulated osteogenic pathways,reduced osteoclastic activity,and promoted angiogenesis-related pathways,particularly bone-related H-type vessel expression in endothelial cells.Gene modules associated with angiogenesis,osteogenesis,and odontoblast differentiation were identified,suggesting EMD might facilitate osteogenesis and odontoblast differentiation by upregulating endothelium-related genes.Immune cell analysis indicated that EMD did not elicit a significant immune response.Cell communication analysis suggested that EMD fostered pro-regenerative networks driven by interactions between mesenchymal stem cells,fibroblasts,and endothelial cells.In conclusion,EMD proves to be an effective root surface therapy agent that supports the restoration of delayed replantation teeth.
基金Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.82270991)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China/Outstanding Youth Science Foundation(grant no.LR21H140002)+4 种基金Medical Health Science and Technology Major Project of Zhejiang Provincial Health Commission(grant no.WKJ-ZJ-2311)Wenzhou Science and Technology Bureau Public Welfare Social Development(Medical and Health)Science and Technology Project(grant no.ZY2021015)Opening Research Fund from Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology,Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital,College of Stomatology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(grant no.2022SKLS-KFKT011)Guangxi Key Laboratory of the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction for Oral and Maxillofacial Research(grant no.GXKLRROM2106)State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Open Fund(grant no.SKLOD2024OF08).
文摘Periodontitis is a common oral disease characterized by progressive alveolar bone resorption and inflammation of the periodontal tissues.Dimethyl fumarate(DMF)has been used in the treatment of various immune-inflammatory diseases due to its excellent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant functions.Here,we investigated for the first time the therapeutic effect of DMF on periodontitis.In vivo studies showed that DMF significantly inhibited periodontal destruction,enhanced mitophagy,and decreased the M1/M2 macrophage ratio.In vitro studies showed that DMF inhibited macrophage polarization toward M1 macrophages and promoted polarization toward M2 macrophages,with improved mitochondrial function,inhibited oxidative stress,and increased mitophagy in RAW 264.7 cells.Furthermore,DMF increased intracellular mitochondrial Tu translation elongation factor(TUFM)levels to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis,promoted mitophagy,and modulated macrophage polarization,whereas TUFM knockdown decreased the protective effect of DMF.Finally,mechanistic studies showed that DMF increased intracellular TUFM levels by protecting TUFM from degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation pathway.Our results demonstrate for the first time that DMF protects mitochondrial function and inhibits oxidative stress through TUFM-mediated mitophagy in macrophages,resulting in a shift in the balance of macrophage polarization,thereby attenuating periodontitis.Importantly,this study provides new insights into the prevention of periodontitis.
文摘The present article reviews the emerging role of melatonin(MT)and the Hippo-Yes-associated protein signaling pathway in periodontal regeneration,high-lighting their potential to delay the aging process of periodontal ligament stem cells(PDLSCs).Oxidative stress and cellular senescence are major obstacles in regenerative therapies,especially in an aging population.MT,a potent antioxidant,restores the morphology,proliferation,and osteogenic differentiation potential of PDLSCs under oxidative stress conditions.Recent research highlights how MT enhances PDLSC stemness by upregulating Yes-associated protein ex-pression,offering a promising therapeutic strategy to antagonize tissue dege-neration.In addition,the article discusses the growing interest in probiotics as a complementary approach to improve oral microbiota and support tissue regeneration.The integration of MT with traditional and novel therapeutic approaches may pave the way for innovative preventive or active treatments in periodontology,aimed at reducing oxidative stress.Future research needs to focus on translating these findings into clinical applications and promoting a deeper understanding of periodontal regeneration and cellular aging.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32271416)Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology program(2022YFQ0002).
文摘The periodontal ligament(PDL)plays a crucial role in transmitting and dispersing occlusal force,acting as mechanoreceptor for muscle activity during chewing,as well as mediating orthodontic tooth movement.It transforms mechanical stimuli into biological signals,influencing alveolar bone remodeling.Recent research has delved deeper into the biological and mechanical aspects of PDL,emphasizing the importance of understanding its structure and mechanical properties comprehensively.This review focuses on the latest findings concerning both macro-and micro-structural aspects of the PDL,highlighting its mechanical characteristics and factors that influence them.Moreover,it explores the mechanotransduction mechanisms of PDL cells under mechanical forces.Structure-mechanics-mechanotransduction interplay in PDL has been integrated ultimately.By providing an up-to-date overview of our understanding on PDL at various scales,this study lays the foundation for further exploration into PDL-related biomechanics and mechanobiology.
文摘BACKGROUND Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by the host’s immune response and various interactions between pathogens,which lead to the loss of connective tissue and bone.In recent years,mesenchymal stem cell(SC)transplantation technology has become a research hotspot,which can form periodontal ligament,cementum,and alveolar bone through proliferation and differentiation.AIM To elucidate the regulatory effects of WD repeat-containing protein 36(WDR36)on the senescence,migration,and osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament SCs(PDLSCs).METHODS The migration and chemotaxis of PDLSCs were detected by the scratch-wound migration test and transwell chemotaxis test.Alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity,Alizarin red staining,calcium content,and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)of key transcription factors were used to detect the osteogenic differentiation function of PDLSCs.Cell senescence was determined by senescence-associatedβ-galactosidase staining.RESULTS The 24-hour and 48-hour scratch-wound migration test and 48-hour transwell chemotaxis test showed that overexpression of WDR36 inhibited the migration/chemotaxis of PDLSCs.Simultaneously,WDR36 depletion promoted the migration/chemotaxis of PDLSCs.The results of ALP activity,Alizarin red staining,calcium content,and RTqPCR showed that overexpression of WDR36 inhibited the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs,and WDR36 depletion promoted the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs.Senescence-associatedβ-galactosidase staining showed that 0.1μg/mL icariin(ICA)and overexpression of WDR36 inhibited the senescence of PDLSCs,and WDR36 depletion promoted the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs.CONCLUSION WDR36 inhibits the migration and chemotaxis,osteogenic differentiation,and senescence of PDLSCs;0.1μg/mL ICA inhibits the senescence of PDLSCs.Therefore,WDR36 might serve as a target for periodontal tissue regeneration and the treatment of periodontitis.
基金supported by the Lanzhou Science and Technology Project(2022-3-8)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(CSTB2024NSCQMSX0043 and cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0079)the Key Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Henan Province(22A320038).
文摘Background:Numerous systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been published that evaluate the association between periodontal disease and systemic diseases,many of which address similar topics.Moreover,their quality requires assessment.Therefore,we performed a cross-sectional analysis to examine the evidence on the relationship between periodontal disease and systemic diseases.Methods:The PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched to identify relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Only studies that considered periodontal disease as the exposure factor and various systemic diseases as the outcome were included.The basic characteristics and pertinent data from the selected studies were extracted.The modified version of A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2(AMSTAR 2)was employed for quality assessment,while R software was used for statistical analysis.Results:Among the 212 relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses,57 were finally included in our analysis.These studies involved 75 diseases and 81 disease-related outcomes,with cancer(19/81)being the most frequently addressed topic.Of the 81 outcomes,67 demonstrated a significant association.Notably,the highest risk estimate was found for head and neck cancer[odds ratio(OR)=3.17,95%confidence interval(CI)1.78-5.64],while the lowest was observed for premature rupture of the amniotic sac[relative risk(RR)=1.10,95%CI 1.08-1.12].The methodological quality ratings indicated that approximately 71.93%of included studies were classified as“Critically low”,with another 17.54%rated as“Low”,and only about 10.53%categorized as“Moderate”.Conclusions:Periodontal disease significantly elevates the risks associated with 15 cancer-related,8 cardiovascular-related,8 metabolic-related,and 5 neurological-related outcomes.However,the overall methodological quality of existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses is generally suboptimal and requires enhancement to generate higher-quality evidence in the future.
文摘Hydrogels, as a novel class of biomaterials, exhibit broad application prospects and are widely used in tissue engineering. In the field of periodontology within dental medicine, hydrogels can be employed for periodontal tissue regeneration to repair the damage caused by periodontitis. At present, various hydrogels have been developed to control periodontal inflammation and repair periodontal tissues. This article, based on domestic and international literature, provides a brief review of hydrogels used in periodontal tissue regeneration.
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFA1104400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82170988,82371020,82301028,82401201,82471011)+5 种基金the Young Science and Technology Rising Star Project of Shaanxi Province(2024ZC-KJXX-122)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(BX20230485)the Project of State Key Laboratory of Oral&Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration(2024MS04)the Shaanxi Provincial Health Research and Innovation Platform Construction Plan(2024PT-04)the“Rapid Response”Research projects(2023KXKT017 and 2023KXKT090)the Intramural Research Program project founded by Fourth Military Medical University(2024QMJJ008).
文摘Periodontal bone defects,primarily caused by periodontitis,are highly prevalent in clinical settings and manifest as bone fenestration,dehiscence,or attachment loss,presenting a significant challenge to oral health.In regenerative medicine,harnessing developmental principles for tissue repair offers promising therapeutic potential.Of particular interest is the condensation of progenitor cells,an essential event in organogenesis that has inspired clinically effective cell aggregation approaches in dental regeneration.However,the precise cellular coordination mechanisms during condensation and regeneration remain elusive.Here,taking the tooth as a model organ,we employed single-cell RNA sequencing to dissect the cellular composition and heterogeneity of human dental follicle and dental papilla,revealing a distinct Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha(PDGFRA)mesenchymal stem/stromal cell(MSC)population with remarkable odontogenic potential.Interestingly,a reciprocal paracrine interaction between PDGFRA^(+)dental follicle stem cells(DFSCs)and CD31^(+)Endomucin^(+)endothelial cells(ECs)was mediated by Vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA)and Platelet-derived growth factor subunit BB(PDGFBB).This crosstalk not only maintains the functionality of PDGFRA^(+)DFSCs but also drives specialized angiogenesis.In vivo periodontal bone regeneration experiments further reveal that communication between PDGFRA+DFSC aggregates and recipient ECs is essential for effective angiogenic-osteogenic coupling and rapid tissue repair.Collectively,our results unravel the importance of MSC-EC crosstalk mediated by the VEGFA and PDGFBB-PDGFRA reciprocal signaling in orchestrating angiogenesis and osteogenesis.These findings not only establish a framework for deciphering and promoting periodontal bone regeneration in potential clinical applications but also offer insights for future therapeutic strategies in dental or broader regenerative medicine.
文摘The oral microenvironment plays a pivotal role in determining stem cell fate,driving both regeneration and pathological transformation.Emerging evidence suggests that post-translational modifications(PTMs)play a role as dynamic molecular signatures that regulate key signaling networks in dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells.These PTMs not only influence stem cell self-renewal and differentiation in periodontal tissue regeneration but also contribute to cancer stem cell plasticity and therapeutic resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC).At the pathway level,PTM programs interface with Wnt/β-catenin and bone morphogenetic protein/SMAD axis and integrate mitogen-activated protein kinase(p38/c-Jun N-terminal kinase)→runt-related transcription factor 2 in regeneration,whereas in OSCC/cancer stem cell they converge on Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3,phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of the rapamycin,and transforming growth factor-beta/SMAD-driven epithelial-mesenchymal transition.This review expounds on recent advances in PTM-mediated regulatory mechanisms in dentalderived mesenchymal stem cells,outlines their functional implications in inflammatory and tumor microenvironments,and discusses translational strategies-including localized,time-staged PTM modulation for regeneration and pathwayanchored combinations for OSCC-for regenerative medicine and targeted cancer therapies.Future research directions emphasize the integration of single-cell and spatial multi-omics with PTM profiling as a new approach to precision-based dental and oncological therapies.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China 2021YFA1207304he National Natural Science Foundation of China 82221003,81991505,U22A20160,82201123,82100980 and 82201020+2 种基金eijing Nova Program Z211100002121043,China Postdoctoral Science Foundation 2021M700279,2021M700281tate Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesSichuan University SKLOD2023OF01。
文摘Regenerating periodontal bone defect surrounding periodontal tissue is crucial for orthodontic or dental implant treatment.The declined osteogenic ability of periodontal ligament stem cells(PDLSCs)induced by inflammation stimulus contributes to reduced capacity to regenerate periodontal bone,which brings about a huge challenge for treating periodontitis.Here,inspired by the adhesive property of mussels,we have created adhesive and mineralized hydrogel microspheres loaded with traditional compound cordycepin(MMS-CY).MMS-CY could adhere to the surface of alveolar bone,then promote the migration capacity of PDLSCs and thus recruit them to inflammatory periodontal tissues.Furthermore,MMS-CY rescued the impaired osteogenesis and ligamentforming capacity of PDLSCs,which were suppressed by the inflammation stimulus.Moreover,MMS-CY also displayed the excellent inhibitory effect on the osteoclastic activity.Mechanistically,MMS-CY inhibited the premature senescence induced by the inflammation stimulus through the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor(NRF2)pathway and reducing the DNA injury.Utilizing in vivo rat periodontitis model,MMS-CY was demonstrated to enhance the periodontal bone regeneration by improving osteogenesis and inhibiting the osteoclastic activity.Altogether,our study indicated that the multi-pronged approach is promising to promote the periodontal bone regeneration in periodontitis condition by reducing the inflammation-induced stem cell senescence and maintaining bone homeostasis.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC2504200)Chongqing Young and Middle-aged Medical Excellence Team ProjectJiangsu Province Key Research and Development Program(BE2022670)。
文摘Patients with periodontal disease often require combined periodontal-orthodontic interventions to restore periodontal health,function,and aesthetics,ensuring both patient satisfaction and long-term stability.Managing these patients involving orthodontic tooth movement can be particularly challenging due to compromised periodontal soft and hard tissues,especially in severe cases.Therefore,close collaboration between orthodontists and periodontists for comprehensive diagnosis and sequential treatment,along with diligent patient compliance throughout the entire process,is crucial for achieving favorable treatment outcomes.Moreover,long-term orthodontic retention and periodontal follow-up are essential to sustain treatment success.This expert consensus,informed by the latest clinical research and practical experience,addresses clinical considerations for orthodontic treatment of periodontal patients,delineating indications,objectives,procedures,and principles with the aim of providing clear and practical guidance for clinical practitioners.
文摘Objective:To investigate possible effects of nanophase powder of hydroxyapatite on proliferation of periodontal ligament cells. Methods: With sol-gel method, the nanophase hydroxyapatite powders were fabricated. These powders were proved nanopaticles by transmission electron microscope. The effects on proliferation of periodontal ligament cell(PDLC) were observed in vitro with MTT [3-(4,5dimethylthiazo;-2-yl)-2,5-diphenytetralium bromide] method. Results: On the 2nd,3rd,4th day after treated with nanoparticles of hydroxyapatite, the proliferate activity of the PDLC increases significantly, compared with those with dense hydroxyaoatite and control but no significant difference could be found between the dense hydroxyapatite and the control. Conclusion: Nanophase hydroxyapatite can promote the regeneration of periodontal tissue.
文摘OBJECTIVE:To examine the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)application on postoperative pain levels and the amount of analgesic use in patients who underwent periodontal flap surgery.METHODS:In this prospective,randomized and controlled study,patients planned for periodontal surgery were divided into two groups[EA group(n=22):patients who received electroacupuncture and control group(n=22):patients who did not receive electroacupuncture].Electroacupuncture was applied bilaterally to the Hegu(LI4),Daying(ST5),and Jiache(ST5)points of the patients in the EA group immediately before and after the flap surgery for 30 min at a frequency of 50 Hz to each point at a current that the patient could tolerate.The patients in the control group underwent flap surgery without applying electroacupuncture.Patients were asked to record their pain levels on the visual analog scale and the number of analgesic tablets they took during the 7 postoperative days on the given form.RESULTS:The total mean score of pain felt in the EA group(16.60±2.78)was found to be significantly lower than that in the control group(31.37±2.78)(P=0.001).No significant difference was found between the groups regarding the amount of analgesics taken(4.77±4.72,5.82±3.11)(P=0.111).CONCLUSIONS:Our study shows that electroacupuncture application is beneficial in reducing pain after periodontal flap surgery.Overall,more research is needed to fully understand the effects of electroacupuncture on postoperative pain.
基金supported by the Tianjin Stomatological Hospital MD and PhD Key Program(No.2019BSZD11)Periodontal Key Discipline Project of Tianjin Stomatological Hospital(2022P02)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Project of Tianjin Health Commission(No.ZC20039)the High-level Talents in the Medical/Health Care Industry-Young Medical Elites(No.TJSQNYXXR-D2-114).
文摘Objective To investigate the treatment effect of the histone demethylase inhibitor GSK-J4,a small molecule that inhibits the demethylase activity of Jumonji domain-containing protein 3(JMJD3),in the treatment of periodontitis.Methods Gingival tissues from patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis and healthy controls were collected to evaluate JMJD3 expression via real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR(RT-qPCR)and immunohistochemistry(IHC).Next,Sprague–Dawley(SD)rats were used to investigate the effect of GSK-J4 in vivo.The experimental periodontitis model was induced by upper first molar ligation and gingival sulcus injection of Porphyromonas gingivalis.The rats were divided into a healthy group,a periodontitis group,periodontitis plus GSK-J4 treatment groups(P+GSK-J415 mg/kg or 25 mg/kg),and a periodontitis plus dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)group(P+DMSO).After 4 weeks,maxillary molar segments were assessed via micro-computed tomography(CT)and hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining.Serum tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results Higher expression of the Jmjd3 gene and JMJD3 protein was detected in human inflamed gingiva than in healthy gingiva(P<0.05).GSK-J4 administration reversed alveolar bone absorption[i.e.,reduced alveolar bone crest(ABC)-cementoenamel junction(CEJ)distance],reduced inflammatory cell accumulation at the crest of the alveolar bone,and alleviated serum TNF-αlevels in rats with periodontitis.Moreover,the number of H3K27me3-positive nuclei was greater in model rats treated with GSK J4 than in model rats.Conclusions The histone demethylase inhibitor GSK-J4 attenuated periodontal bone loss and inflammation in a rat periodontitis model by targeting JMJD3.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of Chin(No.51305208)
文摘In order to investigate the material properties ofperiodontal ligament （ PDL） in different locations, the nanoindentation method is used to survey the elastic modulus of the PDL at different levels. Cadaveric specimens of human mandibular canine were obtained from 4 adult donors, 16 transverse specimens were made from the sections of cervical margin, midroot and apex using the slow cutting machine. The prepared specimens were tested in different sections （along the longitudinal direction） and different areas （in the circumferential direction）. According to the Oliver-Phair theory, the mean values of elastic modulus were calculated foreach area and the differences among them were compared. In the midroot section, the average elastic modulus is ranging from 0. 11 to 0. 23 MPa, the changing range of the cervical margin and apex are from 0. 21 to 0. 53 MPa and 0. 44 to0.62 MPa, respectively. Experimental results indicate that the average elastic modulus in the midroot is lower than that in the cervical margin and apex, and relatively small changes occur among them. However, there is a large change to the elastic modulus value in the cicumferential direction for the PDL.
基金Supported by Natured Science Foundation of Anhui Province,No.1908085MH255.
文摘BACKGROUND In the clinical scenario,adult patients with periodontal diseases and dental malformation,characterized by dental crowding in lower anterior teeth with the thin biotype,often require orthodontic treatment.This case report aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics(PAOO)combined with autologous platelet-rich fibrin(PRF)in an adult patient with class I malocclusion along with dental crowding,a thin periodontal biotype,and buccal plate deficiency.CASE SUMMARY A 32-year-old female complaining of dental crowding and gingival bleeding was referred to the orthodontic clinic.The patient underwent periodontal risk assessment prior to orthodontic treatment.She was diagnosed with a high risk of gingival recession due to dental crowding,root prominence,loss of buccal plates,and a thin gingival tissue biotype.The treatment regimen included PAOO combined with autologous PRF for alveolar augmentation and interproximal enamel reduction for moderate dental crowding.Clinically,PAOO-assisted orthodontic tooth movement in this case showed enhanced periodontium remodeling.Radiographic outcomes also showed statistically significant improvements(P<0.01)in the mandibular buccal alveolar bone.CONCLUSION This case report suggests the combination of autologous PRF with PAOO to enhance bone augmentation and long-term tissue support in adult orthodontic patients with periodontal disease.
文摘The association between adipokines and inflammatory periodontal diseases has been studied over the last two decades. This review was intended to explore the observation that periodontal therapy may lead to an improvement of adipokines in diabetic patients. In summary, substantial evidence suggests that diabetes is associated with increased prevalence, extent and severity of periodontitis. Numerous mechanisms have been elucidated to explain the impact of diabetes on the periodontium. However, current knowledge concerning the role of major adipokines indicates only some of their associations with the pathogenesis of periodontitis in type 2 diabetes. Conversely, treatment of periodontal disease and reduction of oral inflammation may have positive effects on the diabetic condition, although evidence for this remains somewhat equivocal.
基金supported by Chinese post-doctoral fund(20090451410)International cooperation program of science of Shandong Province (201lHZ035)
文摘Regeneration of periodontal tissue is the most promising method for restoring periodontal structures.To find a suitable bioactive three- dimensional scaffold promoting cell proliferation and differentiation is critical in periodontal tissue engineering.The objective of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of a novel porcine acellular dermal matrix as periodontal tissue scaffolds both in vitro and in vivo.The scaffolds in this study were purified porcine acellular dermal matrix(PADM) and hydroxyapatite-treated PADM(HA-PADM). The biodegradation patterns of the scaffolds were evaluated in vitro.The biocompatibility of the scaffolds in vivo was assessed by implanting them into the sacrospinal muscle of 20 New Zealand white rabbits.The hPDL cells were cultured with PADM or HA-PADM scaffolds for 3,7,14,21 and 28 days.Cell viability assay,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),hematoxylin and eosin(H&E) staining, immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy were used to evaluate the biocompatibility of the scaffolds.In vitro,both PADM and HA-PADM scaffolds displayed appropriate biodegradation pattern,and also,demonstrated favorable tissue compatibility without tissue necrosis,fibrosis and other abnormal response.The absorbance readings of the WST-1 assay were increased with the time course, suggesting the cell proliferation in the scaffolds.The hPDL cells attaching,spreading and morphology on the surface of the scaffold were visualized by SEM,H&E staining,immnuohjstochemistry and confocal microscopy,demonstrated that hPDL cells were able to grow into the HA-PADM scaffolds and the amount of cells were growing up in the course of time.This study proved that HA-PADM scaffold had good biocompatibility in animals in vivo and appropriate biodegrading characteristics in vitro.The hPDL cells were able to proliferate and migrate into the scaffold.These observations may suggest that HA-PADM scaffold is a potential cell carrier for periodontal tissue regeneration.
基金Supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science,No.JP17H01598.
文摘The periodontal ligament(PDL)is an essential fibrous tissue for tooth retention in the alveolar bone socket.PDL tissue further functions to cushion occlusal force,maintain alveolar bone height,allow orthodontic tooth movement,and connect tooth roots with bone.Severe periodontitis,deep caries,and trauma cause irreversible damage to this tissue,eventually leading to tooth loss through the destruction of tooth retention.Many patients suffer from these diseases worldwide,and its prevalence increases with age.To address this issue,regenerative medicine for damaged PDL tissue as well as the surrounding tissues has been extensively investigated regarding the potential and effectiveness of stem cells,scaffolds,and cytokines as well as their combined applications.In particular,PDL stem cells(PDLSCs)have been well studied.In this review,I discuss comprehensive studies on PDLSCs performed in vivo and contemporary reports focusing on the acquisition of large numbers of PDLSCs for therapeutic applications because of the very small number of PDLSCs available in vivo.
基金supported by a grant (30873289) from the Chinese National Science Foundation
文摘Aim Tissue engineering is a promising area with a broad range of applications in the fields of regenerative medicine and human health. The emergence of periodontal tissue engineering for clinical treatment of periodontal disease has opened a new therapeutic avenue. The choice of scaffold is crucial. This study was conducted to prepare zein scaffold and explore the suitability of zein and Shuanghuangbu for periodontal tissue engineering.Methodology A zein scaffold was made using the solvent casting/particulate leaching method with sodium chloride （NaC1） particles as the porogen. The physical properties of the zein scaffold were evaluated by observing its shape and determining its pore structure and porosity. Cytotoxicity testing of the scaffold was carried out via in vitro cell culture experiments, including a liquid extraction experi- ment and the direct contact assay. Also, the Chinese medicine Shuanghuangbu, as a growth factor, was diluted by scaffold extract into different concentrations. This Shuanghuangbu-scaffold extract was then added to periodontal ligament cells （PDLCs） in order to determineits effect on cell proliferation. Results The zein scaffold displayed a sponge-like structure with a high porosity and sufficient thickness. The porosity and pore size of the zein scaffold can be controlled by changing the porogen particles dosage and size. The porosity was up to 64.1%-78.0%. The pores were well-distributed, interconnected, and porous. The toxicity of the zein scaffold was graded as 0-1. Furthermore, PDLCs displayed full stretching and vigorous growth under scanning electronic microscope （SEM）. Shuanghuangbu-scaffold extract could reinforce proliferation activity of PDLCs compared to the control group, especially at 100 μg.mL^-1 （P〈0.01）. Conclusion A zein scaffold with high porosity, open pore wall structure, and good biocompatibility is conducive to the growth of PDLCs. Zein could be used as scaffold to repair periodontal tissue defects. Also, Shuanghuangbuscaffold extract can enhance the proliferation activity of PDLCs. Altogether, these findings provide the basis for in vivo testing on animals.
