Objective In order to gain further information about the mechanism of emergency contraception, during the peri-implantation period the effect of single and low dose of Mifepristone on the expression of integrin level ...Objective In order to gain further information about the mechanism of emergency contraception, during the peri-implantation period the effect of single and low dose of Mifepristone on the expression of integrin level in endometrium of healthy women were observed Materials ＆ Methods Eleven healthy women, proven fertility, were randomly divided into two groups: group LH-2 (n = 5) and LH+ 2 (n = 6). During the control and treatment cycle, placebo or 10 mg Mifepristone were given orally to group LH- 2 on cycle day LH- 2 or to group LH + 2 on cycle day LH - 2, respectively. One endometrial tissue specimen was obtained in both the control and the treatment cycle on cycle day LH+ 7.In this study, the endometrial specimens were assessed by immunohistochemistry analysis to measure the change of integrin α1, α4 and β3 subunits expression on the endometrium after using Mifepristone.Results Mifepristone increased the expression of α1 and α4 subunit in glandular epithelium only in group LH- 2. The expression of β3 integrin subunit remain the same in our experiments.Conclusion Treatment with Mifepristone interferes with integrin distribution during the implantation period, which may imply that the contraceptive effect of Mi fepristone is primarily due to impaired endometrial receptivity.展开更多
The greatest risks to mammalian pregnancy occur during the peri-implantation period (passage through the uterotubal junction, blastulation, zona shedding, embryonic signaling and recognition, blastocyst attachment, po...The greatest risks to mammalian pregnancy occur during the peri-implantation period (passage through the uterotubal junction, blastulation, zona shedding, embryonic signaling and recognition, blastocyst attachment, postattachment events initiating placentation). Conventional markers and screening methods do not provide the means to clarify the relationship between exposure of a reproductively competent woman to a xenobiotic compound and the specific error in the functional expression of an embryogenetic process identified by impairment or deletion of that process. Laboratory models which provide the flexibility of in vitro culture methods and allow integration of cellular and molecular techniques have identified cell-specific, stage-specific markers that could focus on the mechanism of xenobiotic action. In vitro models have been used to define postattachment trophoblast cell differentiation. Trophoblast specific peptide hormones prove to be valid markers of established pregnancy. They provide no assessment of the risk to the embryo during the peri-implantation period. The relationship between developmental time of exposure and risk is discussed in terms of trophoblast differentiation.展开更多
This systematic review and meta-analysis considered the results of randomized controlled clinical trials(RCTs)to evaluate the efficacy of systemic or local antibiotic therapy in peri-implantitis.Two independent author...This systematic review and meta-analysis considered the results of randomized controlled clinical trials(RCTs)to evaluate the efficacy of systemic or local antibiotic therapy in peri-implantitis.Two independent authors screened publications from three electronic databases to include RCTs meeting all the inclusion and exclusion criteria.A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the weighted mean differences in survival rate(SR)and changes in pocket probing depth(PPD),bone level(BL),and clinical attachment level(CAL).The study cohorts were defined as antibiotic and control groups with subgroups for analysis.Seven studies including 309 patients(390 implants)were considered.Within the limitations of this review,patients in the antibiotic groups exhibited significant improvements in PPD.Subgroup analysis indicated that the administration of systemic antibiotics or the use of antibiotics in non-surgical treatments did not result in a significant alteration in BL.It was established that the addition of antibiotics can ameliorate PPD and SR in the treatment of peri-implantitis,whether through surgical or non-surgical approaches,and also shows moderate performance regarding BL and CAL.Considering the lack of application of new technologies in the control group and the hardship of assessing the potential risks of antibiotics,careful clinical judgment is still necessary.展开更多
Peri-implant mucositis is the mucosal inflammatory lesion around implants that does not result in the loss of the peri-implant bone that supports them.Furthermore,Peri-implantitis(PI),a medical condition affecting the...Peri-implant mucositis is the mucosal inflammatory lesion around implants that does not result in the loss of the peri-implant bone that supports them.Furthermore,Peri-implantitis(PI),a medical condition affecting the tissues surrounding dental implants,is characterized by inflammation and a progressive loss of supporting bone.Of the several types of Nanoparticles(NPs),a lot of research has been done on the effects of Metal NPs(MNPs)-such as those made of silver,zinc,and copper-and non-MNPs-such as those made of Graphene Oxide(GO),Carbon-based NPs(CNPs),and Chitosan(CS)NPs-on peri-implant microorganisms.These NPs serve as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agents and cover dental implants.Furthermore,Peri-implant Disease(PID)and many others in the oral and dental domains may be effectively treated using Green Synthesis(GS)NPs enabled by various biological sources.Compared to chemical and physical processes,GS offers several benefits,including non-toxicity,pollution-free production,environmental friendliness,cost-effectiveness,and sustainability.Hence,the significance of GS NPs,both MNPs and non-MNPs,was first explored in this work.Using eco-friendly methods,we then reviewed the PID-related effects of various MNPs and non-MNPs synthesized.NPs,both MNPs and non-MNPs,have great potential as a future therapy for PI,and the environmentally friendly manufacturing process may play a significant role in this development.Consequently,we have looked into the benefits and drawbacks of this treatment method in terms of clinical practice in our study.Research from reputable sources,such as PubMed and Google Scholar,was used to compile the papers included in the review article.Researchers may make progress in producing MNPs and non-MNPs NPs for treating PI by adopting GS.展开更多
Peri-implant diseases are characterized by the resorption of hard tissue and the inflammation of soft tissue.Epigenetics refers to alterations in the expression of genes that are not encoded in the DNA sequence,influe...Peri-implant diseases are characterized by the resorption of hard tissue and the inflammation of soft tissue.Epigenetics refers to alterations in the expression of genes that are not encoded in the DNA sequence,influencing diverse physiological activities,including immune response,inflammation,and bone metabolism.Epigenetic modifications can lead to tissue-specific gene expression variations among individuals and may initiate or exacerbate inflammation and disease predisposition.However,the impact of these factors on peri-implantitis remains inconclusive.To address this gap,we conducted a comprehensive review to investigate the associations between epigenetic mechanisms and peri-implantitis,specifically focusing on DNA methylation and microRNAs(miRNAs or miRs).We searched for relevant literature on PubMed,Web of Science,Scopus,and Google Scholar with keywords including“epigenetics,”“peri-implantitis,”“DNA methylation,”and“microRNA.”DNA methylation and miRNAs present a dynamic epigenetic mechanism operating around implants.Epigenetic modifications of genes related to inflammation and osteogenesis provide a new perspective for understanding how local and environmental factors influence the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis.In addition,we assessed the potential application of DNA methylation and miRNAs in the prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of peri-implantitis,aiming to provide a foundation for future studies to explore potential therapeutic targets and develop more effective management strategies for this condition.These findings also have broader implications for understanding the pathogenesis of other inflammation-related oral diseases like periodontitis.展开更多
Implant-related infections and tissue inflammation are the main factors for peri-implantitis.Lack of antibacterial activity and poor soft tissue sealing property increase the occurrence probability of peri-implantitis...Implant-related infections and tissue inflammation are the main factors for peri-implantitis.Lack of antibacterial activity and poor soft tissue sealing property increase the occurrence probability of peri-implantitis.To prevent and treat peri-implantitis,cerium-doped defective titanium oxide coatings are prepared on medical titanium surfaces by plasma electrolytic oxidation and thermal reduction treatment.In the darkness,Ce-doped defective titanium oxide coatings with micro-porous structure surface can inhibit the bacteria adhesion to some extent with antibacterial rates of 38.0%against S.aureus and 65.0%against E.coli.Under near infrared(NIR)irradiation,Ce-doped defective titanium oxide coatings show good photothermal antibacterial activity with antibacterial rates of 99.9%against S.aureus and 99.9%against E.coli.Moreover,with the increasing content of Ce-doping,the coatings exhibit higher capacity to scavenge hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)radical cation(ABTS^(·+)).The coatings with enhanced antioxidant effect can protect human gingival fibroblasts from oxidative stress damage by eliminating reactive oxygen species and promoting initial cell adhesion.Besides,Ce-doped coatings can regulate the immune microenvironment by up-regulating the expression of anti-inflammatory genes and down-regulating the pro-inflammatory genes.In vivo animal experiments further confirm the good antibacterial activity of Ce-doped defective titanium oxide coatings under NIR irradiation and good biosafety.This work provides a novel surface modification strategy for implant abutment,which shows good application prospects for preventing and treating peri-implantitis.展开更多
Objective:To determine the antimicrobial effects of grape seed on peri-implantitis microflora.Methods:The grape seed extract was tested against peri-implantitis microflora most commonly found in craniofacial implants ...Objective:To determine the antimicrobial effects of grape seed on peri-implantitis microflora.Methods:The grape seed extract was tested against peri-implantitis microflora most commonly found in craniofacial implants including reference strains of Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus),Escherichia coli(E.coli),Candida albicans(C.albicans)and clinical strains of S.aureus,Klebsiella pneumonia(K.pneumonia)and Candida parapsilosis(C.parapsilosis)by disk diffusion test.Minimum inhibitory concentrations(MIC)and minimum cidal concentrations(MCC)were determined using modified agar dilution millpore method.The extract was further combined with polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol,and was tested for antimicrobial effects.Results:Grape seed extract showed positive inhibitory effects with S.aureus at MIC of 0.625 mg/mL and MCC of1.25 mg/mL respectively.However the extracts showed minimal or no reactivity against strains of E.coli,K.pneumonia,C.parapsilosis and C.albicans.The use of grape seed extract in combination with polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol also showed dose dependent inhibitory effect on S.aureus.Conclusions:The results of the study showed that grape seed has potential antimicrobial effects which can be further studied and developed to be used in the treatment of infected skinabutment interface of craniofacial implants.展开更多
Cellular fibronectin （cFn） is a type of bioactive non-collagen glycoprotein regarded as the main substance used to maintain periodontal attachment. The content of cFn in some specific sites can reflect the progress ...Cellular fibronectin （cFn） is a type of bioactive non-collagen glycoprotein regarded as the main substance used to maintain periodontal attachment. The content of cFn in some specific sites can reflect the progress of periodontitis or peri-implantitis. This study aims to evaluate the expression of cFn messenger RNA （mRNA） in tissues of adult periodontitis and peri-implantitis by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction （PCR） and to determine its clinical significance. A total of 30 patients were divided into three groups of 10： healthy, adult periodontitis and peri-implantitis. Periodontal tissue biopsies （1 mmx I mmx I mm） from each patient were frozen in liquid nitrogen. Total RNA was extracted from these tissues, and the content, purity and integrity were detected. Specific primers were designed according to the sequence, and the mRNA expression levels of cellular fibronectin were detected by real-time PCR. The purity and integrity of the extracted total RNA were both high, and the specificity of amplified genes was very high with no other pollution. The mRNA expression of cFn in the adult periodontitis group （1.526＋0.441） was lower than that in the healthy group （3.253＋0.736）. However, the mRNA expression of cFn in the peri-implantitis group （3.965＋0.537） was significantly higher than that in the healthy group. The difference revealed that although both processes were destructive inflammatory reactions in the periodontium, the pathomechanisms were different and the variation started from the transcription level of the cFn gene.展开更多
Peri-implantitis has been defined as an inflamematory condition involving dental implants, surrounding mucosa and bone, which lose supporting bone. Although high success rates for endosseous implants have been reporte...Peri-implantitis has been defined as an inflamematory condition involving dental implants, surrounding mucosa and bone, which lose supporting bone. Although high success rates for endosseous implants have been reported, failures occur, and some implants are lost or removed. At least 10% of the failures have been suggested to be the result of peri-implantitis. One of the major causes of the peri-implantitis is the bacterial colonization of implant surfaces but additional risk factors such as periodontitis, poor oral hygiene, tobacco consumption, prepost operative therapies and genetic susceptibility should be considered. In the present study a real-time PCR bases assay was designed to detect and quantify red complex species, then used to investigate 307 periodontal pocket samples from 127 periodontitis patients and 180 controls. Results demonstrated a significant higher prevalence of red complex species and increased amount of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticolain periodontal pocket of periodontitis. Since a higher risk of peri-implantitis occurs in periodontally affected patients, detection and treatment of bacteria is a fundamental objective to ensure dental implant survival.展开更多
The aim of this study was to assess the peri-implant parameters and evaluate the clinical status with the survival of dental implants in body of maxilla after treatments of oral tumor. A follow-up examination included...The aim of this study was to assess the peri-implant parameters and evaluate the clinical status with the survival of dental implants in body of maxilla after treatments of oral tumor. A follow-up examination included 27 patients who underwent the ablative tumor and （or） reconstructive surgery during a 5-year period. The follow-up protocol included clinical examination, radiological evaluation, and an interview using a standardized questionnaire. The reasons related to implant failure were studied by comparing the amount of failure with the value of marginal bone resorption, probing pocket depth, and plaque index using statistical t-test. The relationship between smoking and implant failure was analyzed statistically by chi-square test. The results showed among the 112 implants observed after implant loading, 29 have failed with the failure rate being 22.14 %. There was no significant correlation between the peri-implant status and the implant failure （P〉0.05）, however, the association of smoking and implant failure was statistically tested （P〈0.05）. It was suggested that the association of peri-implant status and implant failure in the maxilla after tumor surgery can＇t be statistically tested, however smoking was still a mainly significant factor.展开更多
Purpose: Currently, bacteriological examinations of implant treatments target periodontopathic bacteria such as red complex bacteria, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, and detect them qualitatively or quantitatively...Purpose: Currently, bacteriological examinations of implant treatments target periodontopathic bacteria such as red complex bacteria, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, and detect them qualitatively or quantitatively. However, it seems that those examinations do not reflect the peri-implant tissue conditions precisely, because periodontopathic bacteria are also frequently detected from healthy peri-implant sites. The purpose of the present study was to investigate bacteria species most involved in peri-implantitis using a PCR method. Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers in this study were designed based on partial sequences of 16S rDNA of bacteria species involved in peri-implantitis that were described in numerous previous studies. Peri-implant sulcus fluid (PISF) samples were collected from thirty periodontally healthy patients with implants (HI) and thirty patients with peri-implantitis (PI). Each detection frequency of bacteria species in PISFs of both groups was investigated using a PCR method, and was compared using Fisher’s exact test. Results: In PI group, detection frequencies of Corynebacterium durum, Fretibacterium fastidiosum and Slackia exigua were significantly higher than those of HI group (p P. gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia belonging to red complex were frequently detected in the PISF samples of HI group (p > 0.05). Conclusion: It was suggested that monitoring C. durum and F. fastidiosum levels in PISF samples was useful as a clinical indicator for the evaluation of peri-implant tissue conditions.展开更多
Background: Human beta-defensins (HBDs), epithelial-derived antimicrobial peptides, contribute to gingival health and periodontal disease. Particularly, the upregulation of HBD-3 expression in periodontal tissues is d...Background: Human beta-defensins (HBDs), epithelial-derived antimicrobial peptides, contribute to gingival health and periodontal disease. Particularly, the upregulation of HBD-3 expression in periodontal tissues is described to contribute to periodontal tissue regeneration. Specifically, the upregulation of HBD-3 expression in periodontal tissues is described to contribute to periodontal tissue regeneration. But there has been insufficient investigation of the inner epithelium in peri-implantitis, especially the HBD expression patterns as protection against oral infection. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the histopathological characteristics of the inner implant epithelium in peri-implantitis using histopathological and immunohistochemical methods and to compare it with the inner marginal epithelium in periodontitis. Materials and Methods: The biopsied cases consisted of 10 peri-implantitis, 11 periodontitis, and 10 controls. HE observation, measurement of the thickness of the inner epithelium, and immunohistochemical analysis for Ki-67 and HBD-3 were conducted. Results: Concerning the thickness of the inner epithelium, it was significantly higher in periodontitis (156.2 [138.0, 186.4] μm) than in peri-implantitis and control, 70.7 [67.5, 97.5] μm and 80.7 [76.6, 89.4] μm, respectively (p Conclusion: Decreased production of HBD-3 in keratinocytes composing the inner implant epithelium may be one of the factors affecting tissue repair in peri-implantitis.展开更多
Peri-implant diseases, such as peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, pose significant challenges to the long-term prognosis of dental implants. This study aimed to comprehensively compare peri-implantitis with ...Peri-implant diseases, such as peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, pose significant challenges to the long-term prognosis of dental implants. This study aimed to comprehensively compare peri-implantitis with periodontitis from cytological and histopathological perspectives, shedding light on the morphological characteristics associated with peri-implantitis. Thirteen patients, including six with peri-implantitis and seven with periodontitis, were included in the study. Cytological examination of affected gingival mucosa revealed distinct differences between the two conditions. Peri-implantitis exhibited an inflammatory background predominantly composed of neutrophils with lobulated nuclei, accompanied by stratified squamous epithelial cells showing signs of keratinization. In contrast, periodontitis showed a similar neutrophilic inflammatory background but with non-keratinized epithelial cells. Histopathological examination further confirmed these differences, with peri-implantitis showing keratinized epithelium in the inner epithelial layer. This histological finding aligns with the notion that peri-implantitis has a distinct mucosal profile compared to periodontitis. Additionally, cytological analysis revealed that peri-implantitis had a lower occurrence rate of Light green-positive cells, indicating a tendency toward keratinization. This finding suggests that the presence of keratinized mucosa might be associated with peri-implant health, although further research is needed to clarify this relationship. Overall, this study demonstrates the potential of cytological examination and Papanicolaou staining for assessing mucosal inflammatory conditions and distinguishing between keratinized and non-keratinized cells. These findings underscore the utility of oral mucosal smears as a valuable tool for diagnosing peri-implantitis and enhancing our understanding of its pathogenesis.展开更多
Objective: To analyze the effect of tea polyphenols combined with photodynamic therapy on the efficacy and RANKL and Shh levels in patients with early peri-implantitis. Methods:Eighty patients with early peri-implanti...Objective: To analyze the effect of tea polyphenols combined with photodynamic therapy on the efficacy and RANKL and Shh levels in patients with early peri-implantitis. Methods:Eighty patients with early peri-implantitis admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to December 2018 were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group;the control group was treated with photodynamic therapy, and the observation group was treated with tea polyphenols combined with photodynamic therapy. The levels of mPLI, PPD, mSBI and BOP were measured before treatment and 3 months after the treatment, and the levels of CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, RANKL and Shh in the gingival crevicular fluid were measured. Results:The levels of mPLI, PPD, mSBI and BOP in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The levels of CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, RANKL and Shh in the gingival crevicular fluid were observed in the observation group. The differences were significantly lower than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions: The combination of tea polyphenols and photodynamic therapy for patients with early peri-implantitis can significantly improve clinical efficacy and reduce the inflammatory response, and can effectively improve the levels of RANKL and Shh in gingival crevicular fluid.展开更多
We established a novel identification method for oral Rothia species using one-step multiplex PCR analysis to investigate whether the monitoring of oral <em>Rothia</em> species levels is useful for peri-im...We established a novel identification method for oral Rothia species using one-step multiplex PCR analysis to investigate whether the monitoring of oral <em>Rothia</em> species levels is useful for peri-implantitis risk assessment, and to examine the oxygen concentration that these organisms need for growth <em>in vitro</em>. The mean number and proportion of <em>Rothia </em><em>aeria </em>in peri-implant sulcus fluid (PISF) samples was significantly higher in the healthy implant group than in the peri-implantitis group (P < 0.05). Moreover, <em>R. aeria</em> under aerobic conditions vigorously grew compared with those under anaerobic conditions, and this organism grew only at the upper layer where high oxygen concentrations existed in a semi-liquid nutrient medium. Therefore, the monitoring of <em>R. aeria</em> levels may be suitable as an indicator of healthy peri-implant tissue conditions for the prevention of peri-implantitis.展开更多
Objective: To study the expression of matrix metalloproteinases-2, 9 (MMP-2, MMP-9) of healthy implant and peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, and evaluate the level...Objective: To study the expression of matrix metalloproteinases-2, 9 (MMP-2, MMP-9) of healthy implant and peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, and evaluate the level of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in sulcular fluid as an objective indicator of tissue inflammation around implants. Methods: A total of 40 implants were selected from 30 patients who were treated with dental implants and were divided into two groups: the inflammatory group and the healthy control group with 20 pieces respectively. ELISA double antibody sandwich method was used to detect the levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in PISF. Results: The MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions were significantly different between the healthy implant group and the peri-implant group (p < .05). The concentration of MMP-2, MMP-9, and the amount of sulcular fluid in the inflammatory implant group were positively correlated with the clinical parameters (probing depth [PD], modified sulcus bleeding index [mSBI]). Conclusions: Under physiological conditions, the levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were low. When the periodontal tissue was stimulated by inflammation, the expression levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were increased, which could reflect the severity of inflammation. The increase levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in PISF could better reflect the health status of peri-implant tissues, which could be used as an objective indicator to assist in the diagnosis of peri-implant inflammation.展开更多
Purpose: This study investigated the attitude of patients, grouped by the Brinkman index, towards smoking by using the Kano Test for Social Nicotine Dependence (KTSND) and their knowledge of peri-implantitis. Methods:...Purpose: This study investigated the attitude of patients, grouped by the Brinkman index, towards smoking by using the Kano Test for Social Nicotine Dependence (KTSND) and their knowledge of peri-implantitis. Methods: The participants were 3093 new patients who visited the Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital from January 2012 to December 2013 for an oral implant. The methodology included a questionnaire about sex, age, smoking status, daily average number of cigarettes, years of smoking, knowledge of peri-implantitis, and the KTSND. The patients were grouped according to their smoking status by calculating their Brinkman index (over 200 or not): current smokers with the possibility of nicotine dependence (BI(+)CS), current smokers with no possibility of nicotine dependence (BI(-)CS), ex-smokers (ES), and non-smokers (NS). The Brinkman index is obtained by multiplying one’s daily average number of cigarettes by the number of years they have been smoking. Results: Data were collected from 2182 respondents (response rate = 71%). The KTSND scores of BI(+)CS (16.89 ± 4.26) were significantly higher than the scores of ES (11.99 ± 4.52) and NS (11.53 ± 5.01). In current smokers, there were no significant differences between BI(+)CS and BI(-)CS. The patients replied “I don’t know” about peri-implantitis most often in all groups;however, there were no significant differences between the groups. Discussion: BI(+)CS were more dependent on nicotine in social situations than the other groups were. In Japan, a Brinkman index over 200 is required for a nicotine-dependence management fee to be instituted for health insurance treatment. This is a major concern for young smokers, who may be excluded from treatment because their years of smoking are substantially less. Results revealed that there were no significant differences between BI(+)CS and BI(-)CS. Therefore, it was suggested that the Brinkman index did not sufficiently group the participants.展开更多
BACKGROUND Chronic psychological stress(CPS)is increasingly recognized for its detrimental effects on systemic and oral health,yet its impact on peri-implantitis remains underexplored.AIM To evaluate the evidence link...BACKGROUND Chronic psychological stress(CPS)is increasingly recognized for its detrimental effects on systemic and oral health,yet its impact on peri-implantitis remains underexplored.AIM To evaluate the evidence linking CPS to peri-implantitis.METHODS This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines.Publications searching PubMed,EMBASE,MEDLINE,Cochrane Library,and ClinicalTrials.gov for human studies published in English from 1983 to December 2024.Additionally,quality assessment of selected full-text articles were performed using the modified Newcastle–Ottawa Scale.RESULTS From an initial total of 3964 studies,4 cross-sectional studies comprising 432 participants met the inclusion criteria and consistently demonstrated a positive association between CPS and peri-implantitis.However,the findings are compromised by small sample sizes,study design limitations,methodological heterogeneity,and inadequate adjustment for critical confounders such as smoking and prior periodontitis.CONCLUSION Cortisol levels in peri-implant sulcus fluid were linearly correlated with probing depth,with evidence suggesting this relationship may be independent of hyperglycemia.Depression emerged as the most significant CPS subtype associated with peri-implantitis.Additionally,CPS may amplify peri-implantitis inflammation by modulating cytokine expression effects.Long-term studies with larger,more diverse patient populations and careful control of confounding variables are needed to establish causality and understand the underlying mechanisms.Including psychological evaluations and stress management techniques in peri-implant care protocols could improve treatment outcomes and patient health.展开更多
Peri-implantitis is a bacterial infection that causes soft tissue inflammatory lesions and alveolar bone resorption,ultimately resulting in implant failure.Dental implants for clinical use barely have antibacterial pr...Peri-implantitis is a bacterial infection that causes soft tissue inflammatory lesions and alveolar bone resorption,ultimately resulting in implant failure.Dental implants for clinical use barely have antibacterial properties,and bacterial colonization and biofilm formation on the dental implants are major causes of peri-implantitis.Treatment strategies such as mechanical debridement and antibiotic therapy have been used to remove dental plaque.However,it is particularly important to prevent the occurrence of peri-implantitis rather than treatment.Therefore,the current research spot has focused on improving the antibacterial properties of dental implants,such as the construction of specific micro-nano surface texture,the introduction of diverse functional coatings,or the application of materials with intrinsic antibacterial properties.The aforementioned antibacterial surfaces can be incorporated with bioactive molecules,metallic nanoparticles,or other functional components to further enhance the osteogenic properties and accelerate the healing process.In this review,we summarize the recent developments in biomaterial science and the modification strategies applied to dental implants to inhibit biofilm formation and facilitate bone-implant integration.Furthermore,we summarized the obstacles existing in the process of laboratory research to reach the clinic products,and propose corresponding directions for future developments and research perspectives,so that to provide insights into the rational design and construction of dental implants with the aim to balance antibacterial efficacy,biological safety,and osteogenic property.展开更多
Along with the development of new materials, advanced medical imaging and surgical techniques, osseointegrated dental implants are considered a successful and constantly evolving treatment modality for the replacement...Along with the development of new materials, advanced medical imaging and surgical techniques, osseointegrated dental implants are considered a successful and constantly evolving treatment modality for the replacement of missing teeth in patients with complete or partial edentulism. The importance of restoring the peripheral neural feedback pathway and thus repairing the lack of periodontal rnechanoreceptors after tooth extraction has been highlighted in the literature. Nevertheless, regenerating the nerve fibers and reconstructing the neural feedback pathways around osseointegrated implants remain a challenge. Recent studies have provided evidence that platelet-rich plasma （PRP） therapy is a promising treatment for musculoskeletal injuries. Because of its high biological safety, convenience and usability, PRP therapy has gradually gained popularity in the clinical field Although much remains to be learned, the growth factors from PRP might play key roles in peripheral nerve repair mechanisms. This review presents known growth factors contributing to the biological efficacy of PRP and illustrates basic and （pre-）clinical evidence regarding the use of PRP and its relevant products in peripheral nerve regeneration. In addition, the potential of local application of PRP for structural and functional recovery of iniured peripheral nerves around dental implants is discussed.展开更多
文摘Objective In order to gain further information about the mechanism of emergency contraception, during the peri-implantation period the effect of single and low dose of Mifepristone on the expression of integrin level in endometrium of healthy women were observed Materials ＆ Methods Eleven healthy women, proven fertility, were randomly divided into two groups: group LH-2 (n = 5) and LH+ 2 (n = 6). During the control and treatment cycle, placebo or 10 mg Mifepristone were given orally to group LH- 2 on cycle day LH- 2 or to group LH + 2 on cycle day LH - 2, respectively. One endometrial tissue specimen was obtained in both the control and the treatment cycle on cycle day LH+ 7.In this study, the endometrial specimens were assessed by immunohistochemistry analysis to measure the change of integrin α1, α4 and β3 subunits expression on the endometrium after using Mifepristone.Results Mifepristone increased the expression of α1 and α4 subunit in glandular epithelium only in group LH- 2. The expression of β3 integrin subunit remain the same in our experiments.Conclusion Treatment with Mifepristone interferes with integrin distribution during the implantation period, which may imply that the contraceptive effect of Mi fepristone is primarily due to impaired endometrial receptivity.
基金Support for these studies was provided by grants from the National Institutes of Health (HD-22785,HD-25189, HD-07495).
文摘The greatest risks to mammalian pregnancy occur during the peri-implantation period (passage through the uterotubal junction, blastulation, zona shedding, embryonic signaling and recognition, blastocyst attachment, postattachment events initiating placentation). Conventional markers and screening methods do not provide the means to clarify the relationship between exposure of a reproductively competent woman to a xenobiotic compound and the specific error in the functional expression of an embryogenetic process identified by impairment or deletion of that process. Laboratory models which provide the flexibility of in vitro culture methods and allow integration of cellular and molecular techniques have identified cell-specific, stage-specific markers that could focus on the mechanism of xenobiotic action. In vitro models have been used to define postattachment trophoblast cell differentiation. Trophoblast specific peptide hormones prove to be valid markers of established pregnancy. They provide no assessment of the risk to the embryo during the peri-implantation period. The relationship between developmental time of exposure and risk is discussed in terms of trophoblast differentiation.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2023QZJH59/226-2023-00155)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82370990 and 82201051)+1 种基金the Medical Health Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Provincial Health Commis-sion(No.WKJ-ZJ-2335)the Innovative Talent of Zhejiang Provincial Health Commission,the Zhejiang“Xinmiao”Tal-ents Program(No.2023R401211),China.
文摘This systematic review and meta-analysis considered the results of randomized controlled clinical trials(RCTs)to evaluate the efficacy of systemic or local antibiotic therapy in peri-implantitis.Two independent authors screened publications from three electronic databases to include RCTs meeting all the inclusion and exclusion criteria.A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the weighted mean differences in survival rate(SR)and changes in pocket probing depth(PPD),bone level(BL),and clinical attachment level(CAL).The study cohorts were defined as antibiotic and control groups with subgroups for analysis.Seven studies including 309 patients(390 implants)were considered.Within the limitations of this review,patients in the antibiotic groups exhibited significant improvements in PPD.Subgroup analysis indicated that the administration of systemic antibiotics or the use of antibiotics in non-surgical treatments did not result in a significant alteration in BL.It was established that the addition of antibiotics can ameliorate PPD and SR in the treatment of peri-implantitis,whether through surgical or non-surgical approaches,and also shows moderate performance regarding BL and CAL.Considering the lack of application of new technologies in the control group and the hardship of assessing the potential risks of antibiotics,careful clinical judgment is still necessary.
文摘Peri-implant mucositis is the mucosal inflammatory lesion around implants that does not result in the loss of the peri-implant bone that supports them.Furthermore,Peri-implantitis(PI),a medical condition affecting the tissues surrounding dental implants,is characterized by inflammation and a progressive loss of supporting bone.Of the several types of Nanoparticles(NPs),a lot of research has been done on the effects of Metal NPs(MNPs)-such as those made of silver,zinc,and copper-and non-MNPs-such as those made of Graphene Oxide(GO),Carbon-based NPs(CNPs),and Chitosan(CS)NPs-on peri-implant microorganisms.These NPs serve as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agents and cover dental implants.Furthermore,Peri-implant Disease(PID)and many others in the oral and dental domains may be effectively treated using Green Synthesis(GS)NPs enabled by various biological sources.Compared to chemical and physical processes,GS offers several benefits,including non-toxicity,pollution-free production,environmental friendliness,cost-effectiveness,and sustainability.Hence,the significance of GS NPs,both MNPs and non-MNPs,was first explored in this work.Using eco-friendly methods,we then reviewed the PID-related effects of various MNPs and non-MNPs synthesized.NPs,both MNPs and non-MNPs,have great potential as a future therapy for PI,and the environmentally friendly manufacturing process may play a significant role in this development.Consequently,we have looked into the benefits and drawbacks of this treatment method in terms of clinical practice in our study.Research from reputable sources,such as PubMed and Google Scholar,was used to compile the papers included in the review article.Researchers may make progress in producing MNPs and non-MNPs NPs for treating PI by adopting GS.
基金supported by the Basic Public Welfare Research Project of Zhejiang Province(No.LGF22H140007)the Research and Development Project of Stomatology Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine(No.RD2022JCXK01)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82301072)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(Nos.2021TQ0277 and 2022M722741)。
文摘Peri-implant diseases are characterized by the resorption of hard tissue and the inflammation of soft tissue.Epigenetics refers to alterations in the expression of genes that are not encoded in the DNA sequence,influencing diverse physiological activities,including immune response,inflammation,and bone metabolism.Epigenetic modifications can lead to tissue-specific gene expression variations among individuals and may initiate or exacerbate inflammation and disease predisposition.However,the impact of these factors on peri-implantitis remains inconclusive.To address this gap,we conducted a comprehensive review to investigate the associations between epigenetic mechanisms and peri-implantitis,specifically focusing on DNA methylation and microRNAs(miRNAs or miRs).We searched for relevant literature on PubMed,Web of Science,Scopus,and Google Scholar with keywords including“epigenetics,”“peri-implantitis,”“DNA methylation,”and“microRNA.”DNA methylation and miRNAs present a dynamic epigenetic mechanism operating around implants.Epigenetic modifications of genes related to inflammation and osteogenesis provide a new perspective for understanding how local and environmental factors influence the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis.In addition,we assessed the potential application of DNA methylation and miRNAs in the prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of peri-implantitis,aiming to provide a foundation for future studies to explore potential therapeutic targets and develop more effective management strategies for this condition.These findings also have broader implications for understanding the pathogenesis of other inflammation-related oral diseases like periodontitis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52272283)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Nos.22S31902900 and 22ZR1457600)+3 种基金Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(No.2023263)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(No.2022-2024QNRC001)General Research Fund of the Research Grants Council(No.17207719)the Health and Medical Research Fund(No.20190244).
文摘Implant-related infections and tissue inflammation are the main factors for peri-implantitis.Lack of antibacterial activity and poor soft tissue sealing property increase the occurrence probability of peri-implantitis.To prevent and treat peri-implantitis,cerium-doped defective titanium oxide coatings are prepared on medical titanium surfaces by plasma electrolytic oxidation and thermal reduction treatment.In the darkness,Ce-doped defective titanium oxide coatings with micro-porous structure surface can inhibit the bacteria adhesion to some extent with antibacterial rates of 38.0%against S.aureus and 65.0%against E.coli.Under near infrared(NIR)irradiation,Ce-doped defective titanium oxide coatings show good photothermal antibacterial activity with antibacterial rates of 99.9%against S.aureus and 99.9%against E.coli.Moreover,with the increasing content of Ce-doping,the coatings exhibit higher capacity to scavenge hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)radical cation(ABTS^(·+)).The coatings with enhanced antioxidant effect can protect human gingival fibroblasts from oxidative stress damage by eliminating reactive oxygen species and promoting initial cell adhesion.Besides,Ce-doped coatings can regulate the immune microenvironment by up-regulating the expression of anti-inflammatory genes and down-regulating the pro-inflammatory genes.In vivo animal experiments further confirm the good antibacterial activity of Ce-doped defective titanium oxide coatings under NIR irradiation and good biosafety.This work provides a novel surface modification strategy for implant abutment,which shows good application prospects for preventing and treating peri-implantitis.
文摘Objective:To determine the antimicrobial effects of grape seed on peri-implantitis microflora.Methods:The grape seed extract was tested against peri-implantitis microflora most commonly found in craniofacial implants including reference strains of Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus),Escherichia coli(E.coli),Candida albicans(C.albicans)and clinical strains of S.aureus,Klebsiella pneumonia(K.pneumonia)and Candida parapsilosis(C.parapsilosis)by disk diffusion test.Minimum inhibitory concentrations(MIC)and minimum cidal concentrations(MCC)were determined using modified agar dilution millpore method.The extract was further combined with polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol,and was tested for antimicrobial effects.Results:Grape seed extract showed positive inhibitory effects with S.aureus at MIC of 0.625 mg/mL and MCC of1.25 mg/mL respectively.However the extracts showed minimal or no reactivity against strains of E.coli,K.pneumonia,C.parapsilosis and C.albicans.The use of grape seed extract in combination with polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol also showed dose dependent inhibitory effect on S.aureus.Conclusions:The results of the study showed that grape seed has potential antimicrobial effects which can be further studied and developed to be used in the treatment of infected skinabutment interface of craniofacial implants.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation(Project No.81070868/H1409)the State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases,Sichuan University.
文摘Cellular fibronectin （cFn） is a type of bioactive non-collagen glycoprotein regarded as the main substance used to maintain periodontal attachment. The content of cFn in some specific sites can reflect the progress of periodontitis or peri-implantitis. This study aims to evaluate the expression of cFn messenger RNA （mRNA） in tissues of adult periodontitis and peri-implantitis by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction （PCR） and to determine its clinical significance. A total of 30 patients were divided into three groups of 10： healthy, adult periodontitis and peri-implantitis. Periodontal tissue biopsies （1 mmx I mmx I mm） from each patient were frozen in liquid nitrogen. Total RNA was extracted from these tissues, and the content, purity and integrity were detected. Specific primers were designed according to the sequence, and the mRNA expression levels of cellular fibronectin were detected by real-time PCR. The purity and integrity of the extracted total RNA were both high, and the specificity of amplified genes was very high with no other pollution. The mRNA expression of cFn in the adult periodontitis group （1.526＋0.441） was lower than that in the healthy group （3.253＋0.736）. However, the mRNA expression of cFn in the peri-implantitis group （3.965＋0.537） was significantly higher than that in the healthy group. The difference revealed that although both processes were destructive inflammatory reactions in the periodontium, the pathomechanisms were different and the variation started from the transcription level of the cFn gene.
文摘Peri-implantitis has been defined as an inflamematory condition involving dental implants, surrounding mucosa and bone, which lose supporting bone. Although high success rates for endosseous implants have been reported, failures occur, and some implants are lost or removed. At least 10% of the failures have been suggested to be the result of peri-implantitis. One of the major causes of the peri-implantitis is the bacterial colonization of implant surfaces but additional risk factors such as periodontitis, poor oral hygiene, tobacco consumption, prepost operative therapies and genetic susceptibility should be considered. In the present study a real-time PCR bases assay was designed to detect and quantify red complex species, then used to investigate 307 periodontal pocket samples from 127 periodontitis patients and 180 controls. Results demonstrated a significant higher prevalence of red complex species and increased amount of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticolain periodontal pocket of periodontitis. Since a higher risk of peri-implantitis occurs in periodontally affected patients, detection and treatment of bacteria is a fundamental objective to ensure dental implant survival.
文摘The aim of this study was to assess the peri-implant parameters and evaluate the clinical status with the survival of dental implants in body of maxilla after treatments of oral tumor. A follow-up examination included 27 patients who underwent the ablative tumor and （or） reconstructive surgery during a 5-year period. The follow-up protocol included clinical examination, radiological evaluation, and an interview using a standardized questionnaire. The reasons related to implant failure were studied by comparing the amount of failure with the value of marginal bone resorption, probing pocket depth, and plaque index using statistical t-test. The relationship between smoking and implant failure was analyzed statistically by chi-square test. The results showed among the 112 implants observed after implant loading, 29 have failed with the failure rate being 22.14 %. There was no significant correlation between the peri-implant status and the implant failure （P〉0.05）, however, the association of smoking and implant failure was statistically tested （P〈0.05）. It was suggested that the association of peri-implant status and implant failure in the maxilla after tumor surgery can＇t be statistically tested, however smoking was still a mainly significant factor.
文摘Purpose: Currently, bacteriological examinations of implant treatments target periodontopathic bacteria such as red complex bacteria, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, and detect them qualitatively or quantitatively. However, it seems that those examinations do not reflect the peri-implant tissue conditions precisely, because periodontopathic bacteria are also frequently detected from healthy peri-implant sites. The purpose of the present study was to investigate bacteria species most involved in peri-implantitis using a PCR method. Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers in this study were designed based on partial sequences of 16S rDNA of bacteria species involved in peri-implantitis that were described in numerous previous studies. Peri-implant sulcus fluid (PISF) samples were collected from thirty periodontally healthy patients with implants (HI) and thirty patients with peri-implantitis (PI). Each detection frequency of bacteria species in PISFs of both groups was investigated using a PCR method, and was compared using Fisher’s exact test. Results: In PI group, detection frequencies of Corynebacterium durum, Fretibacterium fastidiosum and Slackia exigua were significantly higher than those of HI group (p P. gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia belonging to red complex were frequently detected in the PISF samples of HI group (p > 0.05). Conclusion: It was suggested that monitoring C. durum and F. fastidiosum levels in PISF samples was useful as a clinical indicator for the evaluation of peri-implant tissue conditions.
文摘Background: Human beta-defensins (HBDs), epithelial-derived antimicrobial peptides, contribute to gingival health and periodontal disease. Particularly, the upregulation of HBD-3 expression in periodontal tissues is described to contribute to periodontal tissue regeneration. Specifically, the upregulation of HBD-3 expression in periodontal tissues is described to contribute to periodontal tissue regeneration. But there has been insufficient investigation of the inner epithelium in peri-implantitis, especially the HBD expression patterns as protection against oral infection. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the histopathological characteristics of the inner implant epithelium in peri-implantitis using histopathological and immunohistochemical methods and to compare it with the inner marginal epithelium in periodontitis. Materials and Methods: The biopsied cases consisted of 10 peri-implantitis, 11 periodontitis, and 10 controls. HE observation, measurement of the thickness of the inner epithelium, and immunohistochemical analysis for Ki-67 and HBD-3 were conducted. Results: Concerning the thickness of the inner epithelium, it was significantly higher in periodontitis (156.2 [138.0, 186.4] μm) than in peri-implantitis and control, 70.7 [67.5, 97.5] μm and 80.7 [76.6, 89.4] μm, respectively (p Conclusion: Decreased production of HBD-3 in keratinocytes composing the inner implant epithelium may be one of the factors affecting tissue repair in peri-implantitis.
文摘Peri-implant diseases, such as peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, pose significant challenges to the long-term prognosis of dental implants. This study aimed to comprehensively compare peri-implantitis with periodontitis from cytological and histopathological perspectives, shedding light on the morphological characteristics associated with peri-implantitis. Thirteen patients, including six with peri-implantitis and seven with periodontitis, were included in the study. Cytological examination of affected gingival mucosa revealed distinct differences between the two conditions. Peri-implantitis exhibited an inflammatory background predominantly composed of neutrophils with lobulated nuclei, accompanied by stratified squamous epithelial cells showing signs of keratinization. In contrast, periodontitis showed a similar neutrophilic inflammatory background but with non-keratinized epithelial cells. Histopathological examination further confirmed these differences, with peri-implantitis showing keratinized epithelium in the inner epithelial layer. This histological finding aligns with the notion that peri-implantitis has a distinct mucosal profile compared to periodontitis. Additionally, cytological analysis revealed that peri-implantitis had a lower occurrence rate of Light green-positive cells, indicating a tendency toward keratinization. This finding suggests that the presence of keratinized mucosa might be associated with peri-implant health, although further research is needed to clarify this relationship. Overall, this study demonstrates the potential of cytological examination and Papanicolaou staining for assessing mucosal inflammatory conditions and distinguishing between keratinized and non-keratinized cells. These findings underscore the utility of oral mucosal smears as a valuable tool for diagnosing peri-implantitis and enhancing our understanding of its pathogenesis.
基金supported by Project of Science Bureau of Nanchong(No.16YFZJ0027).
文摘Objective: To analyze the effect of tea polyphenols combined with photodynamic therapy on the efficacy and RANKL and Shh levels in patients with early peri-implantitis. Methods:Eighty patients with early peri-implantitis admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to December 2018 were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group;the control group was treated with photodynamic therapy, and the observation group was treated with tea polyphenols combined with photodynamic therapy. The levels of mPLI, PPD, mSBI and BOP were measured before treatment and 3 months after the treatment, and the levels of CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, RANKL and Shh in the gingival crevicular fluid were measured. Results:The levels of mPLI, PPD, mSBI and BOP in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The levels of CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, RANKL and Shh in the gingival crevicular fluid were observed in the observation group. The differences were significantly lower than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions: The combination of tea polyphenols and photodynamic therapy for patients with early peri-implantitis can significantly improve clinical efficacy and reduce the inflammatory response, and can effectively improve the levels of RANKL and Shh in gingival crevicular fluid.
文摘We established a novel identification method for oral Rothia species using one-step multiplex PCR analysis to investigate whether the monitoring of oral <em>Rothia</em> species levels is useful for peri-implantitis risk assessment, and to examine the oxygen concentration that these organisms need for growth <em>in vitro</em>. The mean number and proportion of <em>Rothia </em><em>aeria </em>in peri-implant sulcus fluid (PISF) samples was significantly higher in the healthy implant group than in the peri-implantitis group (P < 0.05). Moreover, <em>R. aeria</em> under aerobic conditions vigorously grew compared with those under anaerobic conditions, and this organism grew only at the upper layer where high oxygen concentrations existed in a semi-liquid nutrient medium. Therefore, the monitoring of <em>R. aeria</em> levels may be suitable as an indicator of healthy peri-implant tissue conditions for the prevention of peri-implantitis.
文摘Objective: To study the expression of matrix metalloproteinases-2, 9 (MMP-2, MMP-9) of healthy implant and peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, and evaluate the level of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in sulcular fluid as an objective indicator of tissue inflammation around implants. Methods: A total of 40 implants were selected from 30 patients who were treated with dental implants and were divided into two groups: the inflammatory group and the healthy control group with 20 pieces respectively. ELISA double antibody sandwich method was used to detect the levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in PISF. Results: The MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions were significantly different between the healthy implant group and the peri-implant group (p < .05). The concentration of MMP-2, MMP-9, and the amount of sulcular fluid in the inflammatory implant group were positively correlated with the clinical parameters (probing depth [PD], modified sulcus bleeding index [mSBI]). Conclusions: Under physiological conditions, the levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were low. When the periodontal tissue was stimulated by inflammation, the expression levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were increased, which could reflect the severity of inflammation. The increase levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in PISF could better reflect the health status of peri-implant tissues, which could be used as an objective indicator to assist in the diagnosis of peri-implant inflammation.
文摘Purpose: This study investigated the attitude of patients, grouped by the Brinkman index, towards smoking by using the Kano Test for Social Nicotine Dependence (KTSND) and their knowledge of peri-implantitis. Methods: The participants were 3093 new patients who visited the Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital from January 2012 to December 2013 for an oral implant. The methodology included a questionnaire about sex, age, smoking status, daily average number of cigarettes, years of smoking, knowledge of peri-implantitis, and the KTSND. The patients were grouped according to their smoking status by calculating their Brinkman index (over 200 or not): current smokers with the possibility of nicotine dependence (BI(+)CS), current smokers with no possibility of nicotine dependence (BI(-)CS), ex-smokers (ES), and non-smokers (NS). The Brinkman index is obtained by multiplying one’s daily average number of cigarettes by the number of years they have been smoking. Results: Data were collected from 2182 respondents (response rate = 71%). The KTSND scores of BI(+)CS (16.89 ± 4.26) were significantly higher than the scores of ES (11.99 ± 4.52) and NS (11.53 ± 5.01). In current smokers, there were no significant differences between BI(+)CS and BI(-)CS. The patients replied “I don’t know” about peri-implantitis most often in all groups;however, there were no significant differences between the groups. Discussion: BI(+)CS were more dependent on nicotine in social situations than the other groups were. In Japan, a Brinkman index over 200 is required for a nicotine-dependence management fee to be instituted for health insurance treatment. This is a major concern for young smokers, who may be excluded from treatment because their years of smoking are substantially less. Results revealed that there were no significant differences between BI(+)CS and BI(-)CS. Therefore, it was suggested that the Brinkman index did not sufficiently group the participants.
文摘BACKGROUND Chronic psychological stress(CPS)is increasingly recognized for its detrimental effects on systemic and oral health,yet its impact on peri-implantitis remains underexplored.AIM To evaluate the evidence linking CPS to peri-implantitis.METHODS This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines.Publications searching PubMed,EMBASE,MEDLINE,Cochrane Library,and ClinicalTrials.gov for human studies published in English from 1983 to December 2024.Additionally,quality assessment of selected full-text articles were performed using the modified Newcastle–Ottawa Scale.RESULTS From an initial total of 3964 studies,4 cross-sectional studies comprising 432 participants met the inclusion criteria and consistently demonstrated a positive association between CPS and peri-implantitis.However,the findings are compromised by small sample sizes,study design limitations,methodological heterogeneity,and inadequate adjustment for critical confounders such as smoking and prior periodontitis.CONCLUSION Cortisol levels in peri-implant sulcus fluid were linearly correlated with probing depth,with evidence suggesting this relationship may be independent of hyperglycemia.Depression emerged as the most significant CPS subtype associated with peri-implantitis.Additionally,CPS may amplify peri-implantitis inflammation by modulating cytokine expression effects.Long-term studies with larger,more diverse patient populations and careful control of confounding variables are needed to establish causality and understand the underlying mechanisms.Including psychological evaluations and stress management techniques in peri-implant care protocols could improve treatment outcomes and patient health.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC2412600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52271243,52171233,82370924,82170929)+3 种基金the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(L212014)the Beijing Nova Program(20230484459)the National Clinical Key Discipline Construction Project(PKUSSNKP-T202103)the Research Foundation of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology(PKSS20230104).
文摘Peri-implantitis is a bacterial infection that causes soft tissue inflammatory lesions and alveolar bone resorption,ultimately resulting in implant failure.Dental implants for clinical use barely have antibacterial properties,and bacterial colonization and biofilm formation on the dental implants are major causes of peri-implantitis.Treatment strategies such as mechanical debridement and antibiotic therapy have been used to remove dental plaque.However,it is particularly important to prevent the occurrence of peri-implantitis rather than treatment.Therefore,the current research spot has focused on improving the antibacterial properties of dental implants,such as the construction of specific micro-nano surface texture,the introduction of diverse functional coatings,or the application of materials with intrinsic antibacterial properties.The aforementioned antibacterial surfaces can be incorporated with bioactive molecules,metallic nanoparticles,or other functional components to further enhance the osteogenic properties and accelerate the healing process.In this review,we summarize the recent developments in biomaterial science and the modification strategies applied to dental implants to inhibit biofilm formation and facilitate bone-implant integration.Furthermore,we summarized the obstacles existing in the process of laboratory research to reach the clinic products,and propose corresponding directions for future developments and research perspectives,so that to provide insights into the rational design and construction of dental implants with the aim to balance antibacterial efficacy,biological safety,and osteogenic property.
基金support was received from Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) from the Belgian governmentthe Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program (2016SZ0010)
文摘Along with the development of new materials, advanced medical imaging and surgical techniques, osseointegrated dental implants are considered a successful and constantly evolving treatment modality for the replacement of missing teeth in patients with complete or partial edentulism. The importance of restoring the peripheral neural feedback pathway and thus repairing the lack of periodontal rnechanoreceptors after tooth extraction has been highlighted in the literature. Nevertheless, regenerating the nerve fibers and reconstructing the neural feedback pathways around osseointegrated implants remain a challenge. Recent studies have provided evidence that platelet-rich plasma （PRP） therapy is a promising treatment for musculoskeletal injuries. Because of its high biological safety, convenience and usability, PRP therapy has gradually gained popularity in the clinical field Although much remains to be learned, the growth factors from PRP might play key roles in peripheral nerve repair mechanisms. This review presents known growth factors contributing to the biological efficacy of PRP and illustrates basic and （pre-）clinical evidence regarding the use of PRP and its relevant products in peripheral nerve regeneration. In addition, the potential of local application of PRP for structural and functional recovery of iniured peripheral nerves around dental implants is discussed.
