HUA’ER,literally meaning“flower,”is a genre of folk songs created and sung by the Han,Hui,Tibetan,Dongxiang,Mongolian,and other ethnic groups in Gansu and Qinghai provinces as well as Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region ...HUA’ER,literally meaning“flower,”is a genre of folk songs created and sung by the Han,Hui,Tibetan,Dongxiang,Mongolian,and other ethnic groups in Gansu and Qinghai provinces as well as Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in northwest China.The tradition took shape during the early Ming Dynasty(1368-1644).It is named hua’er because females are often likened to flowers in the lyrics.展开更多
Pioneering initiatives in Yunnan Province are leveraging intangible cultural heritage to foster practical skills and create flexible employment,opening a sustainable path to prosperity and rural revitalization for peo...Pioneering initiatives in Yunnan Province are leveraging intangible cultural heritage to foster practical skills and create flexible employment,opening a sustainable path to prosperity and rural revitalization for people with disabilities.ACROSS China,provinces and municipalities have adopted a range of initiatives,based on local conditions to facilitate employment for people with disabilities.In southwest China’s Yunnan Province,home to many ethnic minorities,efforts have focused on integrating employment for disabled people with rural revitalization.展开更多
The Chinese People's Institute of Foreign Affairs(CPIFA)was established on December 15,1949,the same year as the People's Republic of China(PRC).As the first institute devoted to people-to-people diplomacy of ...The Chinese People's Institute of Foreign Affairs(CPIFA)was established on December 15,1949,the same year as the People's Republic of China(PRC).As the first institute devoted to people-to-people diplomacy of the PRC,the CPIFA was founded at the initiative of the late Premier Zhou Enlai.Premier Zhou Enlai and the late Vice Premier Chen Yi both once served as the Honorary President of the Institute.展开更多
In 2024,the Center for Cambodian Studies at Beijing Foreign Studies University(BFSU)and the Institute for International Studies and Public Policy at the Royal University of Phnom Phen(RUPP)conducted a survey on how yo...In 2024,the Center for Cambodian Studies at Beijing Foreign Studies University(BFSU)and the Institute for International Studies and Public Policy at the Royal University of Phnom Phen(RUPP)conducted a survey on how young Cambodians view Cambodia’s people-to-people ties with China.Echoing the celebrations of 2024 Cambodia-China People-to-People Exchange Year,the two institutions sampled different groups of people ranging from students to civil society representatives,taking a deep dive into their views on intercultural connections between Cambodia and China.This survey collected 2,200 valid responses,an almost 6.5-fold increase compared to a previous survey done by BFSU and RUPP in 2021.展开更多
Whole-process people’s democracy embodies profound human rights implications.As a new theoretical paradigm of socialist democracy with Chinese characteristics,it adheres to the value concept of respecting and protect...Whole-process people’s democracy embodies profound human rights implications.As a new theoretical paradigm of socialist democracy with Chinese characteristics,it adheres to the value concept of respecting and protecting human rights,which has been consistently upheld by the Communist Party of China(CPC)and the Chinese government.Whole-process people’s democracy follows the rights discourse of“the people always being present,”ensuring the realization of democracy in its broadest,most genuine,and most effective form.As a scientifically sound and effective new institutional form of socialist democracy,whole-process people’s democracy centers on ensuring that the people are the masters of the country,constructs a comprehensive,extensive,and coordinated national and social governance system,and better safeguards the people’s rights through broad democratic consultations.As a new practical model of socialist democracy in concrete reality,it highlights the people’s principal position in all aspects and stages of national political and social life from the dimensions of ontology,epistemology,and methodology,thereby promoting the people-centered contemporary Chinese outlook on human rights.The realization of its human rights implications hinges on effective legal guarantees.Strengthening the rule of law is key to fully realizing its human rights implications and advancing the comprehensive development of human rights.展开更多
BACKGROUND The atherogenic index of plasma(AIP)has been shown to be positively correlated with cardiovascular disease in previous studies.However,it is unclear whether elderly people with long-term high AIP levels are...BACKGROUND The atherogenic index of plasma(AIP)has been shown to be positively correlated with cardiovascular disease in previous studies.However,it is unclear whether elderly people with long-term high AIP levels are more likely to develop coronary heart disease(CHD).Therefore,the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between AIP trajectory and CHD incidence in elderly people.METHODS 19,194 participants aged≥60 years who had three AIP measurements between 2018 and 2020 were included in this study.AIP was defined as log10(triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol).The group-based trajectory model was used to identify different trajectory patterns of AIP from 2018 to 2020.Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratio(HR)with 95%CI of CHD events between different trajectory groups from 2020 to 2023.RESULTS Three different trajectory patterns were identified through group-based trajectory model:the low-level group(n=7410,mean AIP:-0.25 to-0.17),the medium-level group(n=9981,mean AIP:0.02-0.08),and the high-level group(n=1803,mean AIP:0.38-0.42).During a mean follow-up of 2.65 years,a total of 1391 participants developed CHD.After adjusting for potential confounders,compared with the participants in the low-level group,the HR with 95%CI of the medium-level group and the high-level group were estimated to be 1.24(1.10-1.40)and 1.43(1.19-1.73),respectively.These findings remained consistent in subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses.CONCLUSIONS There was a significant correlation between persistent high AIP level and increased CHD risk in the elderly.This suggests that monitoring the long-term changes in AIP is helpful to identify individuals at high CHD risk in elderly people.展开更多
On 22nd September 2025,the Chinese Association for International Understanding(CAFIU)and the"Roza Otunbayeva Initiative"International Public Foundation of Kyrgyzstan jointly hosted the China-Kyrgyzstan Peopl...On 22nd September 2025,the Chinese Association for International Understanding(CAFIU)and the"Roza Otunbayeva Initiative"International Public Foundation of Kyrgyzstan jointly hosted the China-Kyrgyzstan People-to-People Friendly Exchange Event in Bishkek within the framework of the Silk Road People-to-People Connectivity.展开更多
The Nanyang Institute of Management(NIM)was established as a private university in Singapore in 2001.The institute consists of eight schools,including a School of Business,School of Logistics,School of Art,School of T...The Nanyang Institute of Management(NIM)was established as a private university in Singapore in 2001.The institute consists of eight schools,including a School of Business,School of Logistics,School of Art,School of Tourism&Hospitality,School of Language,and School of Information Technology,serving approximately 1,000 international students from 22 countries.At present,NIM maintains its Southeast Asian presence mostly in Singapore,Malaysia,and Thailand.The students at the institute mainly hail from the 10 ASEAN member states,China,and India.In terms of major selection,the traditional popular majors such as business administration,finance,and hotel management remain in high demand.In recent years,with the development of big data,the number of students choosing to major in artificial intelligence and art has increased,leading to a trend of diversification.An increasing number of students have begun to follow their personal interests in major selection.展开更多
Seventy-five years of Indonesia-China relations have resulted in significant economic cooperation,while also presenting numerous challenges that continue to require social attention.The southern region of China,encomp...Seventy-five years of Indonesia-China relations have resulted in significant economic cooperation,while also presenting numerous challenges that continue to require social attention.The southern region of China,encompassing Guangdong Province,Fujian,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,and Hainan,serves as a key gateway for Indonesian exports to China.Approximately 38%of Indonesia s major export commodities—such as coal,coffee,bird's nests,food and beverages,and tropical fruits—are routed through this area.展开更多
On May 10,2025,the"Silk Road People-to-People Connectivity"China-Africa Friendship for International Volunteer Service was held at the Hope Primary School in Mathare Slum,Nairobi,Kenya.The event was co-organ...On May 10,2025,the"Silk Road People-to-People Connectivity"China-Africa Friendship for International Volunteer Service was held at the Hope Primary School in Mathare Slum,Nairobi,Kenya.The event was co-organised by China NGO Network for International Exchanges(CNIE)and the Dream Building Service Association.Li Jun,Vice-President of CNIE delivered opening remarks at the event.展开更多
At the invitation of the Economic,Social and Cultural Council(ECOSOCC)of the African Union,Li Jun,Vice-President of China NGO Network for International Exchanges(CNIE)and former Vice-Minister of the International Depa...At the invitation of the Economic,Social and Cultural Council(ECOSOCC)of the African Union,Li Jun,Vice-President of China NGO Network for International Exchanges(CNIE)and former Vice-Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee,led a six-member delegation to Zambia from May 7th to 9th to attend the Africa-China People-to-People Dialogue.The event brought together over 150 participants,including Han Jing,Chinese Ambassador to Zambia and representatives from all walks of life in China and Africa.展开更多
On April 6th,the"Silk Road People-to-People Connectivity"China-Cambodia Traditional Instrument Concert was successfully held in Phnom Penh.The event was attended by Li Ji,Cultural Counsellor of the Chinese E...On April 6th,the"Silk Road People-to-People Connectivity"China-Cambodia Traditional Instrument Concert was successfully held in Phnom Penh.The event was attended by Li Ji,Cultural Counsellor of the Chinese Embassy in Cambodia,officials from Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts of Cambodia and Ministry of Commerce of Cambodia,along with vips from various sectors.展开更多
At the invitation of the Madagascar-China Friendship Group of the National Assembly of Madagascar,Li Jun,former Vice-Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee and Vice-President of CNIE,led...At the invitation of the Madagascar-China Friendship Group of the National Assembly of Madagascar,Li Jun,former Vice-Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee and Vice-President of CNIE,led a sixmember delegation to visit Madagascar from May 11th to 14th,2025.During the delegation's visit,Justin Tokely,Speaker of the National Assembly of Madagascar and Razafinarivo Augustin,Deputy Speaker met with the delegation.The delegation exchanged views with Rafidi,Director of the Madagascar Economic Development Bureau as well as leaders of local NGOs on Belt and Road cooperation and peopleto-people exchanges.展开更多
On November 3,the Philippine Embassy in China and the Philippine Department of Tourism jointly launched the Philippine e-visa system in Beijing,aiming to make travel more convenient for Chinese visitors and promote pe...On November 3,the Philippine Embassy in China and the Philippine Department of Tourism jointly launched the Philippine e-visa system in Beijing,aiming to make travel more convenient for Chinese visitors and promote people-to-people exchange between the two countries.Philippine Ambassador to China Jaime FlorCruz said the government launched the program to ensure a smoother visa experience for Chinese applicants.展开更多
On the morning of 11th September,three parallel sessions of the 2nd International Civil Society Solidarity Conference on the Global Development Initiative were convened in Hohhot namely Advancing Global Development th...On the morning of 11th September,three parallel sessions of the 2nd International Civil Society Solidarity Conference on the Global Development Initiative were convened in Hohhot namely Advancing Global Development through People-to-People Connectivity,Advancing Global Development through Livelihood Cooperation and Advancing Global Development through Economic and Trade Cooperation.展开更多
From 22nd to 23rd July 2025,China Foundation for Peace and Development(CFPD)and the All-China Women's Federation(ACWF),together with the Myanmar-China Exchange and Cooperation Association(MCECA),held a handover ce...From 22nd to 23rd July 2025,China Foundation for Peace and Development(CFPD)and the All-China Women's Federation(ACWF),together with the Myanmar-China Exchange and Cooperation Association(MCECA),held a handover ceremony of humanitarian aid supplies to Myanmar in Nay Pyi Taw within the framework of the"Silk Road People-to-People Connectivity".展开更多
Beyond modern trade tensions and diplomatic milestones,Europe and China’s profound connection stems from a 3,000-year interplay of ideas,goods,and values,shaping their intertwined visions of governance,equality,and s...Beyond modern trade tensions and diplomatic milestones,Europe and China’s profound connection stems from a 3,000-year interplay of ideas,goods,and values,shaping their intertwined visions of governance,equality,and societal progress.展开更多
On 3Oth September,China Foundation for Peace and Development(CFPD)Cambodia Office and Cambodian Chinese Evolution Researchers Association(CCERA)co-hosted the Third China-Cambodia Bonding Cultural Exchange Event within...On 3Oth September,China Foundation for Peace and Development(CFPD)Cambodia Office and Cambodian Chinese Evolution Researchers Association(CCERA)co-hosted the Third China-Cambodia Bonding Cultural Exchange Event within the framework of Silk Road People-to-People Connectivity.展开更多
In 2015,the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation(LMC)mechanism was inaugurated in Kunming,Yunnan Province.A decade later,the 10th Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Foreign Ministers’Meeting was held in Anning,Yunnan,following the ri...In 2015,the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation(LMC)mechanism was inaugurated in Kunming,Yunnan Province.A decade later,the 10th Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Foreign Ministers’Meeting was held in Anning,Yunnan,following the river’s course back to where the cooperation journey began.展开更多
The share of wind and solar energy in global energy mix is rising rapidly.Despite their great potential for reducing carbon emissions,poorly planned wind and solar farms may encroach on socio-ecologically sensitive ar...The share of wind and solar energy in global energy mix is rising rapidly.Despite their great potential for reducing carbon emissions,poorly planned wind and solar farms may encroach on socio-ecologically sensitive areas,threatening biodiversity and Indigenous people's traditional land uses.However,these potential risks associated with wind and solar farm development worldwide are poorly understood.Here,we evaluate the potential biodiversity and Indigenous risks from wind and solar energy development by examining the extent to which global wind and solar farms are situated within or adjacent to socio-ecologically sensitive areas.Our analysis revealed that 13,699 wind and solar farms or 14.4%of the farms'total footprint area are within protected areas,critical habitats,and Indigenous people's lands,occupying a total of 26,840 km^(2)of those socio-ecologically sensitive areas.Wind and solar farms overlap with the distribution ranges of 2,310 threatened amphibians,birds,mammals,and reptiles,accounting for 36.3%of the world's 6,362 threatened vertebrate species.The encroachment of solar and wind farms on sensitive areas mostly occurs in economically developed countries with substantial wind and solar energy facilities,while many developing countries in the tropics tend to have a higher proportion of such farms situated within sensitive areas.Compared to wind farms,solar farms pose greater risks to biodiversity and Indigenous people's lands.These findings provide valuable insights into the socio-ecological risks of wind and solar energy development and highlight the urgent need for strategic planning to mitigate the risks.展开更多
文摘HUA’ER,literally meaning“flower,”is a genre of folk songs created and sung by the Han,Hui,Tibetan,Dongxiang,Mongolian,and other ethnic groups in Gansu and Qinghai provinces as well as Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in northwest China.The tradition took shape during the early Ming Dynasty(1368-1644).It is named hua’er because females are often likened to flowers in the lyrics.
文摘Pioneering initiatives in Yunnan Province are leveraging intangible cultural heritage to foster practical skills and create flexible employment,opening a sustainable path to prosperity and rural revitalization for people with disabilities.ACROSS China,provinces and municipalities have adopted a range of initiatives,based on local conditions to facilitate employment for people with disabilities.In southwest China’s Yunnan Province,home to many ethnic minorities,efforts have focused on integrating employment for disabled people with rural revitalization.
文摘The Chinese People's Institute of Foreign Affairs(CPIFA)was established on December 15,1949,the same year as the People's Republic of China(PRC).As the first institute devoted to people-to-people diplomacy of the PRC,the CPIFA was founded at the initiative of the late Premier Zhou Enlai.Premier Zhou Enlai and the late Vice Premier Chen Yi both once served as the Honorary President of the Institute.
文摘In 2024,the Center for Cambodian Studies at Beijing Foreign Studies University(BFSU)and the Institute for International Studies and Public Policy at the Royal University of Phnom Phen(RUPP)conducted a survey on how young Cambodians view Cambodia’s people-to-people ties with China.Echoing the celebrations of 2024 Cambodia-China People-to-People Exchange Year,the two institutions sampled different groups of people ranging from students to civil society representatives,taking a deep dive into their views on intercultural connections between Cambodia and China.This survey collected 2,200 valid responses,an almost 6.5-fold increase compared to a previous survey done by BFSU and RUPP in 2021.
基金“Research on the Construction of the Rule of Law Guarantee System for Whole-process People’s Democracy”(Project Approval Number 22JZD017)a Major Project on Philosophy and Social Science Research funded by the Ministry of Education of China+1 种基金“Research on Guangdong’s Practice of Whole-process People’s Democracy Through Legal Means by People’s Congresses”(Project Approval Number GD23WTA01)a project of the Guangdong Planning Office of Philosophy and Social Science.
文摘Whole-process people’s democracy embodies profound human rights implications.As a new theoretical paradigm of socialist democracy with Chinese characteristics,it adheres to the value concept of respecting and protecting human rights,which has been consistently upheld by the Communist Party of China(CPC)and the Chinese government.Whole-process people’s democracy follows the rights discourse of“the people always being present,”ensuring the realization of democracy in its broadest,most genuine,and most effective form.As a scientifically sound and effective new institutional form of socialist democracy,whole-process people’s democracy centers on ensuring that the people are the masters of the country,constructs a comprehensive,extensive,and coordinated national and social governance system,and better safeguards the people’s rights through broad democratic consultations.As a new practical model of socialist democracy in concrete reality,it highlights the people’s principal position in all aspects and stages of national political and social life from the dimensions of ontology,epistemology,and methodology,thereby promoting the people-centered contemporary Chinese outlook on human rights.The realization of its human rights implications hinges on effective legal guarantees.Strengthening the rule of law is key to fully realizing its human rights implications and advancing the comprehensive development of human rights.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC1307705).
文摘BACKGROUND The atherogenic index of plasma(AIP)has been shown to be positively correlated with cardiovascular disease in previous studies.However,it is unclear whether elderly people with long-term high AIP levels are more likely to develop coronary heart disease(CHD).Therefore,the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between AIP trajectory and CHD incidence in elderly people.METHODS 19,194 participants aged≥60 years who had three AIP measurements between 2018 and 2020 were included in this study.AIP was defined as log10(triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol).The group-based trajectory model was used to identify different trajectory patterns of AIP from 2018 to 2020.Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratio(HR)with 95%CI of CHD events between different trajectory groups from 2020 to 2023.RESULTS Three different trajectory patterns were identified through group-based trajectory model:the low-level group(n=7410,mean AIP:-0.25 to-0.17),the medium-level group(n=9981,mean AIP:0.02-0.08),and the high-level group(n=1803,mean AIP:0.38-0.42).During a mean follow-up of 2.65 years,a total of 1391 participants developed CHD.After adjusting for potential confounders,compared with the participants in the low-level group,the HR with 95%CI of the medium-level group and the high-level group were estimated to be 1.24(1.10-1.40)and 1.43(1.19-1.73),respectively.These findings remained consistent in subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses.CONCLUSIONS There was a significant correlation between persistent high AIP level and increased CHD risk in the elderly.This suggests that monitoring the long-term changes in AIP is helpful to identify individuals at high CHD risk in elderly people.
文摘On 22nd September 2025,the Chinese Association for International Understanding(CAFIU)and the"Roza Otunbayeva Initiative"International Public Foundation of Kyrgyzstan jointly hosted the China-Kyrgyzstan People-to-People Friendly Exchange Event in Bishkek within the framework of the Silk Road People-to-People Connectivity.
文摘The Nanyang Institute of Management(NIM)was established as a private university in Singapore in 2001.The institute consists of eight schools,including a School of Business,School of Logistics,School of Art,School of Tourism&Hospitality,School of Language,and School of Information Technology,serving approximately 1,000 international students from 22 countries.At present,NIM maintains its Southeast Asian presence mostly in Singapore,Malaysia,and Thailand.The students at the institute mainly hail from the 10 ASEAN member states,China,and India.In terms of major selection,the traditional popular majors such as business administration,finance,and hotel management remain in high demand.In recent years,with the development of big data,the number of students choosing to major in artificial intelligence and art has increased,leading to a trend of diversification.An increasing number of students have begun to follow their personal interests in major selection.
文摘Seventy-five years of Indonesia-China relations have resulted in significant economic cooperation,while also presenting numerous challenges that continue to require social attention.The southern region of China,encompassing Guangdong Province,Fujian,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,and Hainan,serves as a key gateway for Indonesian exports to China.Approximately 38%of Indonesia s major export commodities—such as coal,coffee,bird's nests,food and beverages,and tropical fruits—are routed through this area.
文摘On May 10,2025,the"Silk Road People-to-People Connectivity"China-Africa Friendship for International Volunteer Service was held at the Hope Primary School in Mathare Slum,Nairobi,Kenya.The event was co-organised by China NGO Network for International Exchanges(CNIE)and the Dream Building Service Association.Li Jun,Vice-President of CNIE delivered opening remarks at the event.
文摘At the invitation of the Economic,Social and Cultural Council(ECOSOCC)of the African Union,Li Jun,Vice-President of China NGO Network for International Exchanges(CNIE)and former Vice-Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee,led a six-member delegation to Zambia from May 7th to 9th to attend the Africa-China People-to-People Dialogue.The event brought together over 150 participants,including Han Jing,Chinese Ambassador to Zambia and representatives from all walks of life in China and Africa.
文摘On April 6th,the"Silk Road People-to-People Connectivity"China-Cambodia Traditional Instrument Concert was successfully held in Phnom Penh.The event was attended by Li Ji,Cultural Counsellor of the Chinese Embassy in Cambodia,officials from Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts of Cambodia and Ministry of Commerce of Cambodia,along with vips from various sectors.
文摘At the invitation of the Madagascar-China Friendship Group of the National Assembly of Madagascar,Li Jun,former Vice-Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee and Vice-President of CNIE,led a sixmember delegation to visit Madagascar from May 11th to 14th,2025.During the delegation's visit,Justin Tokely,Speaker of the National Assembly of Madagascar and Razafinarivo Augustin,Deputy Speaker met with the delegation.The delegation exchanged views with Rafidi,Director of the Madagascar Economic Development Bureau as well as leaders of local NGOs on Belt and Road cooperation and peopleto-people exchanges.
文摘On November 3,the Philippine Embassy in China and the Philippine Department of Tourism jointly launched the Philippine e-visa system in Beijing,aiming to make travel more convenient for Chinese visitors and promote people-to-people exchange between the two countries.Philippine Ambassador to China Jaime FlorCruz said the government launched the program to ensure a smoother visa experience for Chinese applicants.
文摘On the morning of 11th September,three parallel sessions of the 2nd International Civil Society Solidarity Conference on the Global Development Initiative were convened in Hohhot namely Advancing Global Development through People-to-People Connectivity,Advancing Global Development through Livelihood Cooperation and Advancing Global Development through Economic and Trade Cooperation.
文摘From 22nd to 23rd July 2025,China Foundation for Peace and Development(CFPD)and the All-China Women's Federation(ACWF),together with the Myanmar-China Exchange and Cooperation Association(MCECA),held a handover ceremony of humanitarian aid supplies to Myanmar in Nay Pyi Taw within the framework of the"Silk Road People-to-People Connectivity".
文摘Beyond modern trade tensions and diplomatic milestones,Europe and China’s profound connection stems from a 3,000-year interplay of ideas,goods,and values,shaping their intertwined visions of governance,equality,and societal progress.
文摘On 3Oth September,China Foundation for Peace and Development(CFPD)Cambodia Office and Cambodian Chinese Evolution Researchers Association(CCERA)co-hosted the Third China-Cambodia Bonding Cultural Exchange Event within the framework of Silk Road People-to-People Connectivity.
文摘In 2015,the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation(LMC)mechanism was inaugurated in Kunming,Yunnan Province.A decade later,the 10th Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Foreign Ministers’Meeting was held in Anning,Yunnan,following the river’s course back to where the cooperation journey began.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.42471287 and 32201422)the Chinese Academy of Sciences。
文摘The share of wind and solar energy in global energy mix is rising rapidly.Despite their great potential for reducing carbon emissions,poorly planned wind and solar farms may encroach on socio-ecologically sensitive areas,threatening biodiversity and Indigenous people's traditional land uses.However,these potential risks associated with wind and solar farm development worldwide are poorly understood.Here,we evaluate the potential biodiversity and Indigenous risks from wind and solar energy development by examining the extent to which global wind and solar farms are situated within or adjacent to socio-ecologically sensitive areas.Our analysis revealed that 13,699 wind and solar farms or 14.4%of the farms'total footprint area are within protected areas,critical habitats,and Indigenous people's lands,occupying a total of 26,840 km^(2)of those socio-ecologically sensitive areas.Wind and solar farms overlap with the distribution ranges of 2,310 threatened amphibians,birds,mammals,and reptiles,accounting for 36.3%of the world's 6,362 threatened vertebrate species.The encroachment of solar and wind farms on sensitive areas mostly occurs in economically developed countries with substantial wind and solar energy facilities,while many developing countries in the tropics tend to have a higher proportion of such farms situated within sensitive areas.Compared to wind farms,solar farms pose greater risks to biodiversity and Indigenous people's lands.These findings provide valuable insights into the socio-ecological risks of wind and solar energy development and highlight the urgent need for strategic planning to mitigate the risks.
