A new type of thermal stabilizer, antimony pent（isooctyl thioglycollate）(Sb(SCH2COOC8H17)5), was synthesized by using antimony trioxide, isooctanol and thioglycolic acid in 2 steps. Firstly, antimony trioxide was ox...A new type of thermal stabilizer, antimony pent（isooctyl thioglycollate）(Sb(SCH2COOC8H17)5), was synthesized by using antimony trioxide, isooctanol and thioglycolic acid in 2 steps. Firstly, antimony trioxide was oxidized into colloidal antimony peroxide. Then antimony peroxide and isooctyl thioglycollate reacted stoichiometrically for 2 h with the yield of 87%. This compound was used as thermal stabilizer for polyvinyl chloride（PVC）. The results show that the thermal stability time is 52min at 200℃ by heat-ageing oven test when adding 2.5% thermal stabilizer to PVC resin. Compared with antimony tris（isooctyl thiolycollate）, the initial thermal stability of antimony pent（isooctyl thioglycollate） is better than that of antimony tris（isooctyl thioglycollate）, while the long-term thermal stability time is shorter than that of antimony tris（isooctyl thioglycollate）. Meanwhile, the synergism of antimony pent（isooctyl thioglycollate） with calcium stearate was studied, indicating that when the mass ratio of antimony pent（isooctyl thioglycollate） to calcium stearate is （2∶1,） the thermal stability time of PVC is 58min.展开更多
The recycling of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)is essential for promoting the closed-loop sustainable development of the LIB industry.However,progress in LIB recycling technologies is slow.There are significant gaps betw...The recycling of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)is essential for promoting the closed-loop sustainable development of the LIB industry.However,progress in LIB recycling technologies is slow.There are significant gaps between academic research and industrial application,which hinder the industrialization of new technologies and the improvement of existing ones.Here we show a universal model for spent LIB-lithium recycling(SliRec)to evaluate the applicability and upgrading potential across various recycling technologies.Instead of modeling the entire recycling process,we focus on partial processes to enable a comparative analysis of environmental and economic impacts.We find a strong correlation between lithium concentration(LC)and the advancement of recycling technologies,where higher LC is associated with a reduced carbon footprint and increased economic benefits.The implementation of high-level recycling technology can result in an 85.91%reduction in carbon footprint and a 5.97-fold increase in economic returns.Additionally,we explore the effects of technological interventions through scenario analysis,demonstrating that while low-level recycling technology faces more substantial challenges in upgrading,it holds greater potential for reducing carbon emissions(2.38 kg CO_(2)-eq mol^(-1))and enhancing economic benefits(CNY 11.04 mol^(-1)).Our findings emphasize the significance of process modeling in evaluating the quality of spent LIB recycling technologies,and can provide comparative information for the application of emerging technologies or the upgrade of existing ones.展开更多
基金Project supported by the Postdoctoral Foundation of Central South University
文摘A new type of thermal stabilizer, antimony pent（isooctyl thioglycollate）(Sb(SCH2COOC8H17)5), was synthesized by using antimony trioxide, isooctanol and thioglycolic acid in 2 steps. Firstly, antimony trioxide was oxidized into colloidal antimony peroxide. Then antimony peroxide and isooctyl thioglycollate reacted stoichiometrically for 2 h with the yield of 87%. This compound was used as thermal stabilizer for polyvinyl chloride（PVC）. The results show that the thermal stability time is 52min at 200℃ by heat-ageing oven test when adding 2.5% thermal stabilizer to PVC resin. Compared with antimony tris（isooctyl thiolycollate）, the initial thermal stability of antimony pent（isooctyl thioglycollate） is better than that of antimony tris（isooctyl thioglycollate）, while the long-term thermal stability time is shorter than that of antimony tris（isooctyl thioglycollate）. Meanwhile, the synergism of antimony pent（isooctyl thioglycollate） with calcium stearate was studied, indicating that when the mass ratio of antimony pent（isooctyl thioglycollate） to calcium stearate is （2∶1,） the thermal stability time of PVC is 58min.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen,China(3502Z202372038)the Opening Project of the Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle,Ministry of Education,23kfgk04,and the Scientific Research Funds of Huaqiao University。
文摘The recycling of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)is essential for promoting the closed-loop sustainable development of the LIB industry.However,progress in LIB recycling technologies is slow.There are significant gaps between academic research and industrial application,which hinder the industrialization of new technologies and the improvement of existing ones.Here we show a universal model for spent LIB-lithium recycling(SliRec)to evaluate the applicability and upgrading potential across various recycling technologies.Instead of modeling the entire recycling process,we focus on partial processes to enable a comparative analysis of environmental and economic impacts.We find a strong correlation between lithium concentration(LC)and the advancement of recycling technologies,where higher LC is associated with a reduced carbon footprint and increased economic benefits.The implementation of high-level recycling technology can result in an 85.91%reduction in carbon footprint and a 5.97-fold increase in economic returns.Additionally,we explore the effects of technological interventions through scenario analysis,demonstrating that while low-level recycling technology faces more substantial challenges in upgrading,it holds greater potential for reducing carbon emissions(2.38 kg CO_(2)-eq mol^(-1))and enhancing economic benefits(CNY 11.04 mol^(-1)).Our findings emphasize the significance of process modeling in evaluating the quality of spent LIB recycling technologies,and can provide comparative information for the application of emerging technologies or the upgrade of existing ones.
