The storage space and cost for Smart Grid datasets has been growing exponentially due to its high data-rate of various sensor readings from Automated Metering Infrastructure (AMI), and Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs)....The storage space and cost for Smart Grid datasets has been growing exponentially due to its high data-rate of various sensor readings from Automated Metering Infrastructure (AMI), and Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs). The paper focuses on Phasor Data Concentrators (PDCs) that aggregate data from PMUs. PMUs measure real-time voltage, current and frequency parameters across the electrical grid. A typical PDC can process data from anywhere ten to forty PMUs. The paper exploits the need for appropriate security and data compression challenges simultaneously. As a result, an optimal compression method ER1c is investigated for efficient storage of IREG and C37.118 timestamped PDC data sets. We expect that our approach can greatly reduce the storage cost requirements of commercial available PDCs (SEL 3373, GE Multilin P30) by 80%. For example, 2 years of PDC data storage space can be easily replaced with only 10 days of storage space. In addition, our approach in combination with AES 256 encryption can protect PDC data to larger degree as per National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) standards.展开更多
Background: It has been proposed that the innate immune system plays a central role in driving the autoimmune T-cell cascade leading to psoriasis; however, there is no direct evidence for this. Observations: We observ...Background: It has been proposed that the innate immune system plays a central role in driving the autoimmune T-cell cascade leading to psoriasis; however, there is no direct evidence for this. Observations: We observed aggravation and spreading of a psoriatic plaque when treated topically with the toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 agonist imiquimod. The exacerbation of psoriasis was accompanied by a massive induction of lesional type I interferon activity, detected by MxA expression after imiquimod therapy. Since imiquimod induces large amounts of type I interferon production from TLR7-expressing plasmacytoid dendritic cell precursors (PDCs), the natural interferon-producing cells of the peripheral blood, we asked whether PDCs are present in psoriatic skin. We identified high numbers of PDCs in psoriatic skin lesions (up to 16%of the total dermal infiltrate) based on their coexpression of BDCA2 and CD123. By contrast, PDCs were present at very low levels in atopic dermatitis and not detected in normal human skin. Conclusions: This study shows that psoriasis can be driven by the innate immune system through TLR ligation. Furthermore, our finding that large numbers of PDCs infiltrate psoriatic skin suggests a role of lesional PDCs as type I interferon-producing targets for the TLR7 agonist imiquimod.展开更多
煤矿井下复杂施工环境导致超前钻探中钻具响应与岩性映射关系通常难以直接建立,制约岩性识别精度。针对此问题,构建了聚晶金刚石复合片(PDC)钻头-钻杆破岩仿真模型,揭示了不同钻进条件下钻具对复合岩层的响应特征:固定钻速,提升转速会...煤矿井下复杂施工环境导致超前钻探中钻具响应与岩性映射关系通常难以直接建立,制约岩性识别精度。针对此问题,构建了聚晶金刚石复合片(PDC)钻头-钻杆破岩仿真模型,揭示了不同钻进条件下钻具对复合岩层的响应特征:固定钻速,提升转速会使钻头扭矩降低且波动减弱,而钻压波动相对稳定;固定转速,提升钻速会使钻压与扭矩同步升高。钻杆三轴向振动加速度随转速增大而增大,随钻速增大呈先减小后增大趋势。在岩性界面处,上述参数呈现突变特征,表明多参数联合可作为岩性识别特征。基于此,提出了一种融合双向长短期记忆网络(BiLSTM)、注意力机制与KAN(Kolmogorov-Arnold Network)的岩性识别模型——BiLSTM-Att-KAN,以KAN替代BiLSTM模型中多层感知机(MLP)分类器,突破MLP因使用Sigmoid/Rectified Linear Unit(ReLU)等固定激活函数导致的非线性映射局限,可提高复杂岩性识别精度。利用仿真数据和实际数据进行模型测试,结果表明:BiLSTM-Att-KAN在仿真数据集上的识别准确率达91.64%,优于K近邻、随机森林等传统分类模型,提升幅度7.00%~22.08%;在实际训练钻孔数据测试集与独立测试数据上的准确率分别为86.81%和85.28%,验证了模型有效性,可为煤系地层岩性识别提供技术支撑。展开更多
Laser-assisted drilling combined with full-size polycrystalline diamond compact(PDC)bit is considered a feasible solution to enhance the drilling performance of engineering machinery.In this method,determining the opt...Laser-assisted drilling combined with full-size polycrystalline diamond compact(PDC)bit is considered a feasible solution to enhance the drilling performance of engineering machinery.In this method,determining the optimal collaborative control parameters that support rapid drilling is crucial for improving the combined performance.This study used average drilling speed,average torque,and total specificenergy for quantitative analysis to characterize the efficiencyand economy of combined rock breaking.Given the advantage of the response surface methodology in providing high-precision predictions with limited experimental data,regression models of the average drilling speed,average torque,and total specificenergy were established.The results showed that as the laser power and irradiation time increased,the average drilling speed firstincreased rapidly and then leveled off,while the average torque decreased sharply before decelerating.The total specificenergy initially decreased and then increased,with the combined drilling outperforming conventional mechanical drilling within specific parameter ranges.As the weight on bit increased,both the average torque and total specificenergy first decreased and then increased.With rising rotating speed,the average torque exhibited a trend of initial increase,then decrease,and finalincrease,whereas the total specificenergy increased slowly at firstand then sharply.Both parameters exhibited optimal values at which the average torque and total specific energy remained at minimal levels.For granite combined drilling,the optimal performance was achieved at a laser power of 3000 W,irradiation time of 31 s,the weight on bit of 2.4 kN,and the rotating speed of 97 r/min.展开更多
文摘The storage space and cost for Smart Grid datasets has been growing exponentially due to its high data-rate of various sensor readings from Automated Metering Infrastructure (AMI), and Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs). The paper focuses on Phasor Data Concentrators (PDCs) that aggregate data from PMUs. PMUs measure real-time voltage, current and frequency parameters across the electrical grid. A typical PDC can process data from anywhere ten to forty PMUs. The paper exploits the need for appropriate security and data compression challenges simultaneously. As a result, an optimal compression method ER1c is investigated for efficient storage of IREG and C37.118 timestamped PDC data sets. We expect that our approach can greatly reduce the storage cost requirements of commercial available PDCs (SEL 3373, GE Multilin P30) by 80%. For example, 2 years of PDC data storage space can be easily replaced with only 10 days of storage space. In addition, our approach in combination with AES 256 encryption can protect PDC data to larger degree as per National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) standards.
文摘Background: It has been proposed that the innate immune system plays a central role in driving the autoimmune T-cell cascade leading to psoriasis; however, there is no direct evidence for this. Observations: We observed aggravation and spreading of a psoriatic plaque when treated topically with the toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 agonist imiquimod. The exacerbation of psoriasis was accompanied by a massive induction of lesional type I interferon activity, detected by MxA expression after imiquimod therapy. Since imiquimod induces large amounts of type I interferon production from TLR7-expressing plasmacytoid dendritic cell precursors (PDCs), the natural interferon-producing cells of the peripheral blood, we asked whether PDCs are present in psoriatic skin. We identified high numbers of PDCs in psoriatic skin lesions (up to 16%of the total dermal infiltrate) based on their coexpression of BDCA2 and CD123. By contrast, PDCs were present at very low levels in atopic dermatitis and not detected in normal human skin. Conclusions: This study shows that psoriasis can be driven by the innate immune system through TLR ligation. Furthermore, our finding that large numbers of PDCs infiltrate psoriatic skin suggests a role of lesional PDCs as type I interferon-producing targets for the TLR7 agonist imiquimod.
文摘煤矿井下复杂施工环境导致超前钻探中钻具响应与岩性映射关系通常难以直接建立,制约岩性识别精度。针对此问题,构建了聚晶金刚石复合片(PDC)钻头-钻杆破岩仿真模型,揭示了不同钻进条件下钻具对复合岩层的响应特征:固定钻速,提升转速会使钻头扭矩降低且波动减弱,而钻压波动相对稳定;固定转速,提升钻速会使钻压与扭矩同步升高。钻杆三轴向振动加速度随转速增大而增大,随钻速增大呈先减小后增大趋势。在岩性界面处,上述参数呈现突变特征,表明多参数联合可作为岩性识别特征。基于此,提出了一种融合双向长短期记忆网络(BiLSTM)、注意力机制与KAN(Kolmogorov-Arnold Network)的岩性识别模型——BiLSTM-Att-KAN,以KAN替代BiLSTM模型中多层感知机(MLP)分类器,突破MLP因使用Sigmoid/Rectified Linear Unit(ReLU)等固定激活函数导致的非线性映射局限,可提高复杂岩性识别精度。利用仿真数据和实际数据进行模型测试,结果表明:BiLSTM-Att-KAN在仿真数据集上的识别准确率达91.64%,优于K近邻、随机森林等传统分类模型,提升幅度7.00%~22.08%;在实际训练钻孔数据测试集与独立测试数据上的准确率分别为86.81%和85.28%,验证了模型有效性,可为煤系地层岩性识别提供技术支撑。
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grand No.52325904)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFB2390200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52309134).
文摘Laser-assisted drilling combined with full-size polycrystalline diamond compact(PDC)bit is considered a feasible solution to enhance the drilling performance of engineering machinery.In this method,determining the optimal collaborative control parameters that support rapid drilling is crucial for improving the combined performance.This study used average drilling speed,average torque,and total specificenergy for quantitative analysis to characterize the efficiencyand economy of combined rock breaking.Given the advantage of the response surface methodology in providing high-precision predictions with limited experimental data,regression models of the average drilling speed,average torque,and total specificenergy were established.The results showed that as the laser power and irradiation time increased,the average drilling speed firstincreased rapidly and then leveled off,while the average torque decreased sharply before decelerating.The total specificenergy initially decreased and then increased,with the combined drilling outperforming conventional mechanical drilling within specific parameter ranges.As the weight on bit increased,both the average torque and total specificenergy first decreased and then increased.With rising rotating speed,the average torque exhibited a trend of initial increase,then decrease,and finalincrease,whereas the total specificenergy increased slowly at firstand then sharply.Both parameters exhibited optimal values at which the average torque and total specific energy remained at minimal levels.For granite combined drilling,the optimal performance was achieved at a laser power of 3000 W,irradiation time of 31 s,the weight on bit of 2.4 kN,and the rotating speed of 97 r/min.
