目的探讨CMTM6、PD-L1在子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis,EM)中的表达及意义。方法收集50例EM患者腹腔镜下手术切除的卵巢异位子宫内膜组织、刮除的在位子宫内膜组织(实验组)以及30例非EM患者刮除的在位子宫内膜组织(对照组),采用免疫组...目的探讨CMTM6、PD-L1在子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis,EM)中的表达及意义。方法收集50例EM患者腹腔镜下手术切除的卵巢异位子宫内膜组织、刮除的在位子宫内膜组织(实验组)以及30例非EM患者刮除的在位子宫内膜组织(对照组),采用免疫组化法检测CMTM6、PD-L1的表达水平。收集实验组相关临床病理资料,包括患者年龄、体重指数(body mass index,BMI)、病灶大小、血清CA-125浓度及rAFS评分等,采用Spearman系数法分析CMTM6、PD-L1的表达与上述病理参数的相关性。培养人EM上皮细胞系12Z,采用Western blot及免疫蛋白共沉淀法检测CMTM6、PD-L1的表达水平及相互作用。结果CMTM6、PD-L1在EM患者中高表达,EM患者异位、在位子宫内膜中的表达水平高于非EM患者在位子宫内膜组织(P<0.05),CMTM6、PD-L1表达共同定位于异位、在位子宫内膜组织上皮细胞质、细胞膜中,且两种蛋白表达呈正相关(P<0.05)。患者年龄、BMI、病灶大小、血清CA-125浓度及rAFS评分与CMTM6、PD-L1的表达呈正相关(P<0.01)。CMTM6、PD-L1蛋白在12Z中表达,且CMTM6和PD-L能够相互结合。结论CMTM6、PD-L1在EM患者中高表达,CMTM6、PDL1的表达水平与EM病变严重程度相关,CMTM6、PD-L1在EM中能相互结合共同参与EM的发生、发展,CMTM6、PD-L1或可成为EM的潜在生物学标志物,为EM的临床诊治提供新靶点。展开更多
目的探索酮还原酶家族1成员C3(aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3,AKR1C3)对乳腺癌恶性细胞生物学行为的干预作用及对程序性细胞死亡蛋白/程序性死亡-配体1(programmed cell death protein1/programmed death-ligand1,PD-1/PD-L)...目的探索酮还原酶家族1成员C3(aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3,AKR1C3)对乳腺癌恶性细胞生物学行为的干预作用及对程序性细胞死亡蛋白/程序性死亡-配体1(programmed cell death protein1/programmed death-ligand1,PD-1/PD-L)通路的影响。方法把MCF-7人乳腺癌细胞中NC组和AKR1C3组分别转染空质粒和AKR1C3质粒,采用MTT法检测转染后24 h、48 h、72 h细胞活力;采用流式细胞技术测定各组细胞的存活率以及早期、晚期凋亡比例;通过Transwell实验对各组细胞的迁移和侵袭能力进行检测;通过Western blot检测各组细胞PD-1、PD-L1、蛋白激酶B(protein kinase b,AKT)蛋白表达水平。使用C57BL/6小鼠构建荷瘤模型,将采用人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞转染NC质粒和AKR1C3质粒进行细胞荷瘤,每3 d测量瘤体积,持续21 d,绘制两组小鼠肿瘤生长曲线,并于实验终点测量肿瘤质量。结果相较于NC组,AKR1C3组细胞活力降低(P<0.05),并且具有时间依赖效应(P<0.05),迁移和侵袭能力降低(P<0.05),早期凋亡和晚期凋亡比例升高(P<0.05),PD-1、PD-L1、AKT蛋白表达水平降低(P<0.05)。动物实验表明,AKR1C3组小鼠肿瘤体积降低,肿瘤质量下降(P<0.05)。结论AKR1C3可以抑制人乳腺癌细胞恶性生物学行为,抑制PD-1/PDL1信号通路蛋白表达。展开更多
旨在制备猫PD-L1抗原并筛选单抗,探讨其在犬、猫肿瘤检测和诊断中的应用,同时制备猫源化嵌合单链抗体,为猫肿瘤的治疗提供基础。本研究通过PCR扩增猫PD-L1基因,构建原核表达重组质粒PET-MPD-L1,通过在宿主BL21(DE3)中表达制备PD-L1抗原...旨在制备猫PD-L1抗原并筛选单抗,探讨其在犬、猫肿瘤检测和诊断中的应用,同时制备猫源化嵌合单链抗体,为猫肿瘤的治疗提供基础。本研究通过PCR扩增猫PD-L1基因,构建原核表达重组质粒PET-MPD-L1,通过在宿主BL21(DE3)中表达制备PD-L1抗原,免疫小鼠后细胞融合,ELISA方法进行杂交瘤细胞筛选,3次亚克隆后建立MPD-L1杂交瘤细胞系。测定杂交瘤细胞上清、腹水效价、抗体亚类、Western blot和免疫组织化学(IHC)特性。扩增轻、重链可变区和猫IgG1 Fc基因,降落PCR将重链可变区(Variable region of the Heavy chain,VH)和轻链可变区(Variable region of the Light chain,VL)拼接成scFv,进一步拼接出scFv-fFc,构建pFast-MPD-L1-scFv和pFast-MPD-L1-scFv-fFc重组质粒,在昆虫杆状病毒表达系统中表达。结果表明,猫PD-L1在上清中大量表达且纯度较好,杂交瘤细胞2A5A2F4D7分泌的抗体属于IgG 2a,轻链为κ亚型,细胞上清、腹水抗体效价分别为1∶3200和1∶102400,Western blot结果表明,该单抗能与表达的猫PD-L1反应,IHC结果显示,该单抗可以识别犬猫肿瘤组织细胞表达的PD-L1,可以反映PD-L1在肿瘤组织中的表达情况。VH和VL与IMGT数据库中相应基因序列相符,具有4个框架区和3个高变区,猫源化嵌合单链抗体在昆虫杆状病毒表达系统中成功表达。综上,本研究制备的猫PD-L1单克隆抗体在犬猫肿瘤检测和预后中具有一定的价值,猫源化单链抗体的成功制备为其在犬猫肿瘤病治疗中的应用打下了基础。展开更多
Doxorubicin(DOX)is known to elicit potent antitumor immune responses through the induction of immunogenic cell death(ICD).However,its therapeutic efficacy is undermined by the adaptive upregulation of programmed cell ...Doxorubicin(DOX)is known to elicit potent antitumor immune responses through the induction of immunogenic cell death(ICD).However,its therapeutic efficacy is undermined by the adaptive upregulation of programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1),which hijacked the antitumor immunity.In this study,we developed a reactive oxygen species(ROS)-responsive dihydroartemisinin(DHA)prodrug to facilitate the delivery of DOX via hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions.Upon internalization by tumor cells,the nanoparticles(NPs)preferentially accumulated in endoplasmic reticulum(ER),exacerbating ER stress and amplifying ICD to enhance tumor immunogenicity.Simultaneously,the oxidative intracellular environment trigged the degradation of NPs,releasing DHA,which downregulated PD-L1 by disrupting signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)phosphorylation and inactivating the nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB)pathway.Consequently,the effective PD-L1 blockade and robust ICD response,synergistically inhibited breast cancer progression,significantly enhancing the chemo-immunotherapy efficacy of doxorubicin.展开更多
Anti-programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)or its ligand(PD-L1)are immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)that have revolutionized cancer therapy.However,the efficacy of anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 is limited by resistance and...Anti-programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)or its ligand(PD-L1)are immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)that have revolutionized cancer therapy.However,the efficacy of anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 is limited by resistance and inter-individual variability.In recent years increasing evidence has highlighted the pivotal role of the gut microbiota in modulating the response to PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy.Extensive preclinical studies have demonstrated that commensal microbes can increase the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade through multiple mechanisms,including the production of metabolites,such as short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),tryptophan derivatives,and extracellular polysaccharides that remodel the tumor microenvironment,as well as the activation of immune pathways involving dendritic cells,CD8+T cells,and M1 macrophages to increase antitumor immunity.Moreover,clinical studies have shown that fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)and targeted probiotic interventions show promise for improving the response to PD-1/PD-L1 therapy,while reducing the risk of immune-related adverse events(irAEs).This review systematically explores the multifaceted regulatory roles of the commensal microbiota in PD-1/PD-L1 therapy and examines the preclinical prospects of microbiota-based personalized immunotherapeutic strategies.The integration of multiomics technologies,synthetic biology,and precise microbiota interventions may further optimize PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy and offer novel insights into antitumor immune modulation.展开更多
文摘目的探讨CMTM6、PD-L1在子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis,EM)中的表达及意义。方法收集50例EM患者腹腔镜下手术切除的卵巢异位子宫内膜组织、刮除的在位子宫内膜组织(实验组)以及30例非EM患者刮除的在位子宫内膜组织(对照组),采用免疫组化法检测CMTM6、PD-L1的表达水平。收集实验组相关临床病理资料,包括患者年龄、体重指数(body mass index,BMI)、病灶大小、血清CA-125浓度及rAFS评分等,采用Spearman系数法分析CMTM6、PD-L1的表达与上述病理参数的相关性。培养人EM上皮细胞系12Z,采用Western blot及免疫蛋白共沉淀法检测CMTM6、PD-L1的表达水平及相互作用。结果CMTM6、PD-L1在EM患者中高表达,EM患者异位、在位子宫内膜中的表达水平高于非EM患者在位子宫内膜组织(P<0.05),CMTM6、PD-L1表达共同定位于异位、在位子宫内膜组织上皮细胞质、细胞膜中,且两种蛋白表达呈正相关(P<0.05)。患者年龄、BMI、病灶大小、血清CA-125浓度及rAFS评分与CMTM6、PD-L1的表达呈正相关(P<0.01)。CMTM6、PD-L1蛋白在12Z中表达,且CMTM6和PD-L能够相互结合。结论CMTM6、PD-L1在EM患者中高表达,CMTM6、PDL1的表达水平与EM病变严重程度相关,CMTM6、PD-L1在EM中能相互结合共同参与EM的发生、发展,CMTM6、PD-L1或可成为EM的潜在生物学标志物,为EM的临床诊治提供新靶点。
文摘旨在制备猫PD-L1抗原并筛选单抗,探讨其在犬、猫肿瘤检测和诊断中的应用,同时制备猫源化嵌合单链抗体,为猫肿瘤的治疗提供基础。本研究通过PCR扩增猫PD-L1基因,构建原核表达重组质粒PET-MPD-L1,通过在宿主BL21(DE3)中表达制备PD-L1抗原,免疫小鼠后细胞融合,ELISA方法进行杂交瘤细胞筛选,3次亚克隆后建立MPD-L1杂交瘤细胞系。测定杂交瘤细胞上清、腹水效价、抗体亚类、Western blot和免疫组织化学(IHC)特性。扩增轻、重链可变区和猫IgG1 Fc基因,降落PCR将重链可变区(Variable region of the Heavy chain,VH)和轻链可变区(Variable region of the Light chain,VL)拼接成scFv,进一步拼接出scFv-fFc,构建pFast-MPD-L1-scFv和pFast-MPD-L1-scFv-fFc重组质粒,在昆虫杆状病毒表达系统中表达。结果表明,猫PD-L1在上清中大量表达且纯度较好,杂交瘤细胞2A5A2F4D7分泌的抗体属于IgG 2a,轻链为κ亚型,细胞上清、腹水抗体效价分别为1∶3200和1∶102400,Western blot结果表明,该单抗能与表达的猫PD-L1反应,IHC结果显示,该单抗可以识别犬猫肿瘤组织细胞表达的PD-L1,可以反映PD-L1在肿瘤组织中的表达情况。VH和VL与IMGT数据库中相应基因序列相符,具有4个框架区和3个高变区,猫源化嵌合单链抗体在昆虫杆状病毒表达系统中成功表达。综上,本研究制备的猫PD-L1单克隆抗体在犬猫肿瘤检测和预后中具有一定的价值,猫源化单链抗体的成功制备为其在犬猫肿瘤病治疗中的应用打下了基础。
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82473864,82400095)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20231009)+1 种基金the National Center of Technology Innovation for Biopharmaceuticals(No.NCTIB2022HS01015)"Double First-Class"Initiative Program in China Pharmaceutical University and the National Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Programfor Undergraduate(Nos.202310316007Z,2023103161133,2023103161333)are acknowledged for providing financial support for this work.
文摘Doxorubicin(DOX)is known to elicit potent antitumor immune responses through the induction of immunogenic cell death(ICD).However,its therapeutic efficacy is undermined by the adaptive upregulation of programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1),which hijacked the antitumor immunity.In this study,we developed a reactive oxygen species(ROS)-responsive dihydroartemisinin(DHA)prodrug to facilitate the delivery of DOX via hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions.Upon internalization by tumor cells,the nanoparticles(NPs)preferentially accumulated in endoplasmic reticulum(ER),exacerbating ER stress and amplifying ICD to enhance tumor immunogenicity.Simultaneously,the oxidative intracellular environment trigged the degradation of NPs,releasing DHA,which downregulated PD-L1 by disrupting signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)phosphorylation and inactivating the nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB)pathway.Consequently,the effective PD-L1 blockade and robust ICD response,synergistically inhibited breast cancer progression,significantly enhancing the chemo-immunotherapy efficacy of doxorubicin.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82222058,82425046,and 82273142).
文摘Anti-programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)or its ligand(PD-L1)are immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)that have revolutionized cancer therapy.However,the efficacy of anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 is limited by resistance and inter-individual variability.In recent years increasing evidence has highlighted the pivotal role of the gut microbiota in modulating the response to PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy.Extensive preclinical studies have demonstrated that commensal microbes can increase the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade through multiple mechanisms,including the production of metabolites,such as short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),tryptophan derivatives,and extracellular polysaccharides that remodel the tumor microenvironment,as well as the activation of immune pathways involving dendritic cells,CD8+T cells,and M1 macrophages to increase antitumor immunity.Moreover,clinical studies have shown that fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)and targeted probiotic interventions show promise for improving the response to PD-1/PD-L1 therapy,while reducing the risk of immune-related adverse events(irAEs).This review systematically explores the multifaceted regulatory roles of the commensal microbiota in PD-1/PD-L1 therapy and examines the preclinical prospects of microbiota-based personalized immunotherapeutic strategies.The integration of multiomics technologies,synthetic biology,and precise microbiota interventions may further optimize PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy and offer novel insights into antitumor immune modulation.
