A specific mechanism whereby inflammation may contribute to cardiovascular diseases （CVD）, insulin resistance （IR） and type Ⅱ diabetes is the induction of endothelial dysfunction placing the vascular endothelium ...A specific mechanism whereby inflammation may contribute to cardiovascular diseases （CVD）, insulin resistance （IR） and type Ⅱ diabetes is the induction of endothelial dysfunction placing the vascular endothelium in a key unifying position for the shared pathogenesis of these diseases. However, the mechanisms by which PCBs induce endothelial cell dysfunction are not clearly understood. In the present study, we used human umbilical vascular endothelial cells （HUVEC） as model, and inflammatory response and insulin signaling alteration induced by PCBs were examined. Results showed that PCB77 induced the expression of proinflammatory cytokines including IL-6 and TNFα and induced U937 adhesion to HUVEC cells consistent with increased NFr, B transcription activity. On the other hand, PCB77 blocked insulin-activated Akt signaling pathway, which was restored by pretreatment with TNFα neutralization antibody. In conclusion, PCB77 showed the potential to induce the expression of proinflammatory cytokines including IL-6, which has been shown to be powerful independent risk predictor of CVD. And PCB77 was observed to alter insulin-activated Akt signaling by TNFa secretion for the first time.展开更多
Polystyrene nanoplastics(PS-NPs)and 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl(PCB77)are common pollutants in freshwater aquatic environments.To investigate the separate and combined toxicity of these two pollutants on the fresh...Polystyrene nanoplastics(PS-NPs)and 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl(PCB77)are common pollutants in freshwater aquatic environments.To investigate the separate and combined toxicity of these two pollutants on the freshwater blunt snout bream(Megalobrama amblycephala),270 juveniles were randomly assigned to six exposure treatments:the control group,CT(free of PS-NPs and PCB77),three single exposure groups,PS-L(0.2 mg/L PS-NPs),PS-H(2 mg/L PS-NPs),PCB(0.01 mg/L PCB77),and two combined exposure groups,PP-L(0.2 mg/L PS-NPs+0.01 mg/L PCB77)and PP-H(2 mg/L PS-NPs+0.01 mg/L PCB77).After a seven-day exposure,the tissue histopathology,antioxidant capacity,inflammatory response,and gut microbiome composition of fish were analyzed.The results showed that tissue fluorescence intensity of PS-NPs increases as the exposure levels of PS-NPs increase,and the combined exposure groups exhibited higher fluorescence intensity compared to their single PS-NPs exposure groups.Histopathological analysis showed that the exposure groups exhibited varying degrees of damage to the intestinal tissue compared to the control group,with more severe damage observed in the combined exposure groups.Additionally,liver damage was evident in the PS-H,PP-L and PP-H groups.Furthermore,the highest catalase(CAT)activities and malondialdehyde(MDA)contents were found in the intestine and liver of fish in the PP-L and PP-H groups.The mRNA levels of inflammatory factors(il,il-1β,il-8,il-6,il-10,and tnf-α)were up-regulated in the PS-H,PP-L and PP-H groups compared to those of the CT group.In addition,remarkable alternations in the intestinal microbiome compositions were observed among the groups:the abundance of Verrucomicrobiome and Planctomycetota increased in all exposed groups compared to that of the control group,while the abundance of Actinobacteriota was significantly reduced in the exposure groups.Functional prediction of microbiota indicated that the amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism,as well as intestinal structure,were impaired in the PS-NPs and PCB77 exposure groups.The results suggested that the toxicity of PS-NPs on M.amblycephala including tissue injury,oxidative stress,and disturbance of intestinal microbiota,depends not only on concentration but also increases when co-exposed to PCB77.This finding raises concerns about the ecological safety in freshwater aquatic environments.展开更多
从长期受有机污染的土壤中驯化、分离出1株高效多氯联苯降解菌,经生理生化和16S r DNA测序鉴定为铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa),用其对PCB77进行降解性能研究.结果表明,该菌株能够以PCB77为唯一碳源生长,在培养温度为30℃、p H...从长期受有机污染的土壤中驯化、分离出1株高效多氯联苯降解菌,经生理生化和16S r DNA测序鉴定为铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa),用其对PCB77进行降解性能研究.结果表明,该菌株能够以PCB77为唯一碳源生长,在培养温度为30℃、p H值7.5、PCB77浓度1.0 mg·L-1、接菌量2 m L(OD600=1.0)、摇床转速150 r·min-1的培养条件下,7 d后PCB77的降解率为49.6%;菌株在外加相同浓度联苯和邻苯二甲酸时,降解效率分别提高到58.5%和53.8%,而加入苯甲酸时,降解率为40.8%;外加重金属Cr6+和Pb2+对菌株降解PCB77均有显著的抑制作用;当重金属浓度较低时抑制作用不显著,而浓度较高时有明显的抑制作用,且Cr6+对菌株降解能力的抑制强于Pb2+.展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2009CB421605) the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.20890112)
文摘A specific mechanism whereby inflammation may contribute to cardiovascular diseases （CVD）, insulin resistance （IR） and type Ⅱ diabetes is the induction of endothelial dysfunction placing the vascular endothelium in a key unifying position for the shared pathogenesis of these diseases. However, the mechanisms by which PCBs induce endothelial cell dysfunction are not clearly understood. In the present study, we used human umbilical vascular endothelial cells （HUVEC） as model, and inflammatory response and insulin signaling alteration induced by PCBs were examined. Results showed that PCB77 induced the expression of proinflammatory cytokines including IL-6 and TNFα and induced U937 adhesion to HUVEC cells consistent with increased NFr, B transcription activity. On the other hand, PCB77 blocked insulin-activated Akt signaling pathway, which was restored by pretreatment with TNFα neutralization antibody. In conclusion, PCB77 showed the potential to induce the expression of proinflammatory cytokines including IL-6, which has been shown to be powerful independent risk predictor of CVD. And PCB77 was observed to alter insulin-activated Akt signaling by TNFa secretion for the first time.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42077364)Guangdong Province Universities and Colleges Pearl River Scholar Funded Scheme 2018.
文摘Polystyrene nanoplastics(PS-NPs)and 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl(PCB77)are common pollutants in freshwater aquatic environments.To investigate the separate and combined toxicity of these two pollutants on the freshwater blunt snout bream(Megalobrama amblycephala),270 juveniles were randomly assigned to six exposure treatments:the control group,CT(free of PS-NPs and PCB77),three single exposure groups,PS-L(0.2 mg/L PS-NPs),PS-H(2 mg/L PS-NPs),PCB(0.01 mg/L PCB77),and two combined exposure groups,PP-L(0.2 mg/L PS-NPs+0.01 mg/L PCB77)and PP-H(2 mg/L PS-NPs+0.01 mg/L PCB77).After a seven-day exposure,the tissue histopathology,antioxidant capacity,inflammatory response,and gut microbiome composition of fish were analyzed.The results showed that tissue fluorescence intensity of PS-NPs increases as the exposure levels of PS-NPs increase,and the combined exposure groups exhibited higher fluorescence intensity compared to their single PS-NPs exposure groups.Histopathological analysis showed that the exposure groups exhibited varying degrees of damage to the intestinal tissue compared to the control group,with more severe damage observed in the combined exposure groups.Additionally,liver damage was evident in the PS-H,PP-L and PP-H groups.Furthermore,the highest catalase(CAT)activities and malondialdehyde(MDA)contents were found in the intestine and liver of fish in the PP-L and PP-H groups.The mRNA levels of inflammatory factors(il,il-1β,il-8,il-6,il-10,and tnf-α)were up-regulated in the PS-H,PP-L and PP-H groups compared to those of the CT group.In addition,remarkable alternations in the intestinal microbiome compositions were observed among the groups:the abundance of Verrucomicrobiome and Planctomycetota increased in all exposed groups compared to that of the control group,while the abundance of Actinobacteriota was significantly reduced in the exposure groups.Functional prediction of microbiota indicated that the amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism,as well as intestinal structure,were impaired in the PS-NPs and PCB77 exposure groups.The results suggested that the toxicity of PS-NPs on M.amblycephala including tissue injury,oxidative stress,and disturbance of intestinal microbiota,depends not only on concentration but also increases when co-exposed to PCB77.This finding raises concerns about the ecological safety in freshwater aquatic environments.
文摘从长期受有机污染的土壤中驯化、分离出1株高效多氯联苯降解菌,经生理生化和16S r DNA测序鉴定为铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa),用其对PCB77进行降解性能研究.结果表明,该菌株能够以PCB77为唯一碳源生长,在培养温度为30℃、p H值7.5、PCB77浓度1.0 mg·L-1、接菌量2 m L(OD600=1.0)、摇床转速150 r·min-1的培养条件下,7 d后PCB77的降解率为49.6%;菌株在外加相同浓度联苯和邻苯二甲酸时,降解效率分别提高到58.5%和53.8%,而加入苯甲酸时,降解率为40.8%;外加重金属Cr6+和Pb2+对菌株降解PCB77均有显著的抑制作用;当重金属浓度较低时抑制作用不显著,而浓度较高时有明显的抑制作用,且Cr6+对菌株降解能力的抑制强于Pb2+.
