枯草杆菌芽孢是极难被杀灭的细菌之一,为探究山梨酸钾与压力辅助热杀菌(pressure assisted thermal sterilization,PATS)对枯草杆菌芽孢的联合作用效果,该研究以OD600值(optical density at 600 nm)、OD_(260)值(optical density at 260...枯草杆菌芽孢是极难被杀灭的细菌之一,为探究山梨酸钾与压力辅助热杀菌(pressure assisted thermal sterilization,PATS)对枯草杆菌芽孢的联合作用效果,该研究以OD600值(optical density at 600 nm)、OD_(260)值(optical density at 260 nm)、OD_(280)值(optical density at 280 nm)、2,6-吡啶二羧酸释放率表征芽孢内容物的释放情况,扫描电镜、流式细胞术、傅里叶红外光谱仪、激光粒度仪检测芽孢结构变化情况。结果表明,山梨酸钾强化了PATS的杀菌效果,200 MPa-75℃处理杀灭了2.63 lg CFU/mL芽孢,添加2 g/L山梨酸钾后,杀灭了3.24 lg CFU/mL芽孢。较单独PATS处理,添加山梨酸钾后,促进了芽孢内容物的释放,内膜通透性增加,芽孢粒径显著减小,内膜、细胞壁等结构受损程度加剧。同时,Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase活力显著降低,膜电位平衡被破坏,基本生理代谢功能紊乱。总之,PATS结合山梨酸钾对枯草芽孢杆菌芽孢有协同杀菌作用,且随着山梨酸钾添加量或温度的升高而增强,有利于促进该技术在食品杀菌中的应用。展开更多
前瞻性临床研究显示,患者首次脑卒中的发病率同患有心肌梗死、非脑卒中患者的血压有直接的关系,而经抗高血压临床治疗对照试验,可知舒张压的下降同高血压患者脑卒中再发的几率呈线性关系,平均每降低5~6 mm Hg,发病几率则减少30%~40%。...前瞻性临床研究显示,患者首次脑卒中的发病率同患有心肌梗死、非脑卒中患者的血压有直接的关系,而经抗高血压临床治疗对照试验,可知舒张压的下降同高血压患者脑卒中再发的几率呈线性关系,平均每降低5~6 mm Hg,发病几率则减少30%~40%。针对高血压人群及非高血压人群进行降压治疗,可以有效预防脑卒中再发,可以通过临床PROGRESS、PATS试验进行验证。通过研究降压治疗对脑卒中再发预防的研究,分析PROGRESS和PATS试验及其临床意义,以期通过降压治疗的方式,控制脑卒中的发病率,改善脑血管疾病患者的生活质量,更好的指导临床治疗。展开更多
Constructing impermeable curtains to contain contaminant in aquifers is a costly and complex process that can impact the structure integrity of aquifer systems.Are impermeable curtains necessary for a groundwater cont...Constructing impermeable curtains to contain contaminant in aquifers is a costly and complex process that can impact the structure integrity of aquifer systems.Are impermeable curtains necessary for a groundwater contaminant remediation project?This study evaluates the necessity of impermeable curtains for groundwater contaminant remediation projects.Specifically,it considers remediation efforts based on the Pump and Treat(PAT)technique under various hydrogeological conditions and contaminant properties,comparing the total remediation cost and effectiveness.To further investigate,a multi-objective simulation and optimization model,utilizing the Multi-Objective Fast Harmony Search(MOFHS)algorithm,was employed to identify optimal groundwater remediation system designs that without impermeable curtains.Both a two-dimensional(2-D)hypothetical example and a three-dimensional(3-D)field example were used to assess the necessity of constructing impermeable curtains.The 2-D hypothetical example demonstrated that the installation of impermeable curtain is justified only when the dispersivity(αL)of the contaminant reaches 100 meters.In most cases,particularly at sites with porosity(n)under 0.3,alternative,more cost-effective,and efficient remediation strategies may be available,making impermeable barriers unnecessary.The optimization results of the 3-D field example further corroborate the conclusions derived from the 2-D hypothetical example.These findings provide valuable guidance for more scientifically informed,reasonable,and cost-effective groundwater contaminant remediation projects.展开更多
From deliver ing parcels to pat rolling forests,drones are no longer sci-fi props in China-they’re rewriting the rules of urban living.At the 2025 Zhongguancun Forum on March 30,experts from the event’s low-altitude...From deliver ing parcels to pat rolling forests,drones are no longer sci-fi props in China-they’re rewriting the rules of urban living.At the 2025 Zhongguancun Forum on March 30,experts from the event’s low-altitude technology session projected that by 2029,China’s commercial drone market will soar to RMB 300 billion.As cities get smarter and skies get busier,these buzzing innovators are turning the“low-altitude economy”from a buzzword into reality.展开更多
The reverse operation of existing centrifugal pumps,commonly referred to as“Pump as Turbine”(PAT),is a key approach for recovering liquid pressure energy.As a type of hydraulic machinery characterized by a simple st...The reverse operation of existing centrifugal pumps,commonly referred to as“Pump as Turbine”(PAT),is a key approach for recovering liquid pressure energy.As a type of hydraulic machinery characterized by a simple structure and user-friendly operation,PAT holds significant promise for application in industrial waste energy recovery systems.This paper reviews recent advancements in this field,with a focus on pump type selection,performance prediction,and optimization design.First,the advantages of various prototype pumps,including centrifugal,axial-flow,mixed-flow,screw,and plunger pumps,are examined in specific application scenarios while analyzing their suitability for turbine operation.Next,performance prediction techniques for PATs are discussed,encompassing theoretical calculations,numerical simulations,and experimental testing.Special emphasis is placed on the crucial role of Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)and internal flow field testing technologies in analyzing PAT internal flow characteristics.Additionally,the impact of multi-objective optimization methods and the application of advanced materials on PAT performance enhancement is addressed.Finally,based on current research findings and existing technical challenges,this review also indicates future development directions;in particular,four key breakthrough areas are identified:advanced materials,innovative design methodologies,internal flow diagnostics,and in-depth analysis of critical components.展开更多
Mega Low Earth Orbit(LEO)satellite constellations can provide pervasive intelligent services in the forthcoming Six-Generation(6G)network via the Free-Space Optical(FSO)InterSatellite Link(ISL).However,the challenges ...Mega Low Earth Orbit(LEO)satellite constellations can provide pervasive intelligent services in the forthcoming Six-Generation(6G)network via the Free-Space Optical(FSO)InterSatellite Link(ISL).However,the challenges posed by the mega LEO satellite constellations,such as limited onboard resources,high-speed movement and the vibration of satellite platforms,present significant obstacles for the existing Pointing,Acquisition and Tracking(PAT)schemes of FSOISL.To address these challenges,we propose a beaconless PAT scheme under satellite platform vibrations,employing a composite scanning approach combining an inner Archimedean spiral scan with an outer regular hexagon step scan.The proposed composite scanning approach covers a wide range of the Field of Uncertainty(FOU)and reduces the required scans by actuator,which can ensure a high Acquisition Probability(AP)while reducing the Average Acquisition Time(AAT)for the inner scan.Specifically,we model and analyze the effect of satellite platform vibrations on the acquisition performance of our beaconless PAT scheme,and derive closed-form expressions for both AP and AAT by utilizing a 2-track model where the acquisition happens on two adjacent spiral scan tracks.By utilizing the theoretical derivations,we can achieve a minimum AAT under diverse APs by selecting appropriate values of overlapping region and scanning range.Simulation results validate that our optimized composite scanning approach for beaconless PAT scheme outperforms the existing schemes.展开更多
文摘枯草杆菌芽孢是极难被杀灭的细菌之一,为探究山梨酸钾与压力辅助热杀菌(pressure assisted thermal sterilization,PATS)对枯草杆菌芽孢的联合作用效果,该研究以OD600值(optical density at 600 nm)、OD_(260)值(optical density at 260 nm)、OD_(280)值(optical density at 280 nm)、2,6-吡啶二羧酸释放率表征芽孢内容物的释放情况,扫描电镜、流式细胞术、傅里叶红外光谱仪、激光粒度仪检测芽孢结构变化情况。结果表明,山梨酸钾强化了PATS的杀菌效果,200 MPa-75℃处理杀灭了2.63 lg CFU/mL芽孢,添加2 g/L山梨酸钾后,杀灭了3.24 lg CFU/mL芽孢。较单独PATS处理,添加山梨酸钾后,促进了芽孢内容物的释放,内膜通透性增加,芽孢粒径显著减小,内膜、细胞壁等结构受损程度加剧。同时,Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase活力显著降低,膜电位平衡被破坏,基本生理代谢功能紊乱。总之,PATS结合山梨酸钾对枯草芽孢杆菌芽孢有协同杀菌作用,且随着山梨酸钾添加量或温度的升高而增强,有利于促进该技术在食品杀菌中的应用。
文摘前瞻性临床研究显示,患者首次脑卒中的发病率同患有心肌梗死、非脑卒中患者的血压有直接的关系,而经抗高血压临床治疗对照试验,可知舒张压的下降同高血压患者脑卒中再发的几率呈线性关系,平均每降低5~6 mm Hg,发病几率则减少30%~40%。针对高血压人群及非高血压人群进行降压治疗,可以有效预防脑卒中再发,可以通过临床PROGRESS、PATS试验进行验证。通过研究降压治疗对脑卒中再发预防的研究,分析PROGRESS和PATS试验及其临床意义,以期通过降压治疗的方式,控制脑卒中的发病率,改善脑血管疾病患者的生活质量,更好的指导临床治疗。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFC3702200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42372279 and U2267218)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(Grant No.JZ2022AKZR0451).
文摘Constructing impermeable curtains to contain contaminant in aquifers is a costly and complex process that can impact the structure integrity of aquifer systems.Are impermeable curtains necessary for a groundwater contaminant remediation project?This study evaluates the necessity of impermeable curtains for groundwater contaminant remediation projects.Specifically,it considers remediation efforts based on the Pump and Treat(PAT)technique under various hydrogeological conditions and contaminant properties,comparing the total remediation cost and effectiveness.To further investigate,a multi-objective simulation and optimization model,utilizing the Multi-Objective Fast Harmony Search(MOFHS)algorithm,was employed to identify optimal groundwater remediation system designs that without impermeable curtains.Both a two-dimensional(2-D)hypothetical example and a three-dimensional(3-D)field example were used to assess the necessity of constructing impermeable curtains.The 2-D hypothetical example demonstrated that the installation of impermeable curtain is justified only when the dispersivity(αL)of the contaminant reaches 100 meters.In most cases,particularly at sites with porosity(n)under 0.3,alternative,more cost-effective,and efficient remediation strategies may be available,making impermeable barriers unnecessary.The optimization results of the 3-D field example further corroborate the conclusions derived from the 2-D hypothetical example.These findings provide valuable guidance for more scientifically informed,reasonable,and cost-effective groundwater contaminant remediation projects.
文摘From deliver ing parcels to pat rolling forests,drones are no longer sci-fi props in China-they’re rewriting the rules of urban living.At the 2025 Zhongguancun Forum on March 30,experts from the event’s low-altitude technology session projected that by 2029,China’s commercial drone market will soar to RMB 300 billion.As cities get smarter and skies get busier,these buzzing innovators are turning the“low-altitude economy”from a buzzword into reality.
基金supported by Science and Technology Project of Quzhou(Nos.2023K256,2023NC08,2022K41)Research Grants Program of Department of Education of Zhejiang Province(Nos.Y202455709,Y202456243)Hunan Province Key Field R&D Plan Project(No.2022GK2068).
文摘The reverse operation of existing centrifugal pumps,commonly referred to as“Pump as Turbine”(PAT),is a key approach for recovering liquid pressure energy.As a type of hydraulic machinery characterized by a simple structure and user-friendly operation,PAT holds significant promise for application in industrial waste energy recovery systems.This paper reviews recent advancements in this field,with a focus on pump type selection,performance prediction,and optimization design.First,the advantages of various prototype pumps,including centrifugal,axial-flow,mixed-flow,screw,and plunger pumps,are examined in specific application scenarios while analyzing their suitability for turbine operation.Next,performance prediction techniques for PATs are discussed,encompassing theoretical calculations,numerical simulations,and experimental testing.Special emphasis is placed on the crucial role of Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)and internal flow field testing technologies in analyzing PAT internal flow characteristics.Additionally,the impact of multi-objective optimization methods and the application of advanced materials on PAT performance enhancement is addressed.Finally,based on current research findings and existing technical challenges,this review also indicates future development directions;in particular,four key breakthrough areas are identified:advanced materials,innovative design methodologies,internal flow diagnostics,and in-depth analysis of critical components.
基金supported in part by the Major Key Project of PCL of China(No.PCL2024A01)in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62071141,62027802)+1 种基金in part by the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program of China(Nos.JCYJ20241202123904007,GXWD20231127123203001,JSGG20220831110801003)in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.HIT.OCEF.2024046)。
文摘Mega Low Earth Orbit(LEO)satellite constellations can provide pervasive intelligent services in the forthcoming Six-Generation(6G)network via the Free-Space Optical(FSO)InterSatellite Link(ISL).However,the challenges posed by the mega LEO satellite constellations,such as limited onboard resources,high-speed movement and the vibration of satellite platforms,present significant obstacles for the existing Pointing,Acquisition and Tracking(PAT)schemes of FSOISL.To address these challenges,we propose a beaconless PAT scheme under satellite platform vibrations,employing a composite scanning approach combining an inner Archimedean spiral scan with an outer regular hexagon step scan.The proposed composite scanning approach covers a wide range of the Field of Uncertainty(FOU)and reduces the required scans by actuator,which can ensure a high Acquisition Probability(AP)while reducing the Average Acquisition Time(AAT)for the inner scan.Specifically,we model and analyze the effect of satellite platform vibrations on the acquisition performance of our beaconless PAT scheme,and derive closed-form expressions for both AP and AAT by utilizing a 2-track model where the acquisition happens on two adjacent spiral scan tracks.By utilizing the theoretical derivations,we can achieve a minimum AAT under diverse APs by selecting appropriate values of overlapping region and scanning range.Simulation results validate that our optimized composite scanning approach for beaconless PAT scheme outperforms the existing schemes.
