The global nutritional transition has led to the increased frequency and severity of chronic degenerative diseases worldwide,primarily driven by chronic inflammatory stress.At mealtimes,various pharmaceutical products...The global nutritional transition has led to the increased frequency and severity of chronic degenerative diseases worldwide,primarily driven by chronic inflammatory stress.At mealtimes,various pharmaceutical products aim to prevent such inflammatory stress,but they usually cause various systemic side effects.Therefore,the supplementation of natural and safe ingredients is a promising strategy to reduce the risk and severity of inflammatory stress-related diseases.Palmitoylethanolamide(PEA),an endocannabinoid-like mediator,has been extensively studied for its diverse actions,including anti-inflammatory,antimicrobial,immunostimulatory,neuroprotective,and pain-reducing effects,with high tolerability and safety in both animals and humans.Because of its multiple molecular targets and mechanisms of action,PEA has demonstrated therapeutic benefits in various diseases,including neurological,psychiatric,ophthalmic,metabolic,oncological,renal,hepatic,immunological,rheumatological,and gastrointestinal conditions.The current review highlights the roles and functions of PEA in various physiological and pathological conditions,further supporting its use as an important dietary agent.展开更多
Background: Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) has shown promise as an analgesic for those with chronic pain pathologies. With recently increased bioavailability, PEA may also be a treatment for acute pain presentations such...Background: Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) has shown promise as an analgesic for those with chronic pain pathologies. With recently increased bioavailability, PEA may also be a treatment for acute pain presentations such as tension-type headaches. Aim: To assess the efficacy of a bioavailable PEA formulation (Levagen+<sup>TM</sup>) for reducing the severity and duration of acute episodes of tension-type headaches when compared to a standard treatment, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) (the comparator). Methods: The study was a double-blind, randomized, single site, comparator controlled clinical study, with the cohort consisting of otherwise healthy adults, aged between 18 and 71, who experienced regular tension-type headaches. 94 adults experiencing headaches were randomised to receive either PEA (n = 47) or Ibuprofen comparator (n = 47). Upon headache onset, participants consumed their allocated product, recorded pain levels using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and continued to log their pain scores at 30-minute intervals for up to 4-hours. Results: Eighty-six participants (44 active treatment and 42 comparator) recorded at least one headache with a total of 271 tension-type headaches recorded (120 active treatment and 151 comparator). Most headaches were reduced in both treatment arms by 2 hours and almost all by 4 hours;90% in the PEA group, and 97% in comparator group, p > 0.5. For moderate at onset headaches, the comparator group had a greater percentage of pain-free events at 2-hours. However, the time taken to resolve severe headaches was significantly lower in the PEA group than the comparator group (p Conclusions: These results place PEA as a potential treatment option for tension-type headaches.展开更多
文摘The global nutritional transition has led to the increased frequency and severity of chronic degenerative diseases worldwide,primarily driven by chronic inflammatory stress.At mealtimes,various pharmaceutical products aim to prevent such inflammatory stress,but they usually cause various systemic side effects.Therefore,the supplementation of natural and safe ingredients is a promising strategy to reduce the risk and severity of inflammatory stress-related diseases.Palmitoylethanolamide(PEA),an endocannabinoid-like mediator,has been extensively studied for its diverse actions,including anti-inflammatory,antimicrobial,immunostimulatory,neuroprotective,and pain-reducing effects,with high tolerability and safety in both animals and humans.Because of its multiple molecular targets and mechanisms of action,PEA has demonstrated therapeutic benefits in various diseases,including neurological,psychiatric,ophthalmic,metabolic,oncological,renal,hepatic,immunological,rheumatological,and gastrointestinal conditions.The current review highlights the roles and functions of PEA in various physiological and pathological conditions,further supporting its use as an important dietary agent.
文摘Background: Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) has shown promise as an analgesic for those with chronic pain pathologies. With recently increased bioavailability, PEA may also be a treatment for acute pain presentations such as tension-type headaches. Aim: To assess the efficacy of a bioavailable PEA formulation (Levagen+<sup>TM</sup>) for reducing the severity and duration of acute episodes of tension-type headaches when compared to a standard treatment, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) (the comparator). Methods: The study was a double-blind, randomized, single site, comparator controlled clinical study, with the cohort consisting of otherwise healthy adults, aged between 18 and 71, who experienced regular tension-type headaches. 94 adults experiencing headaches were randomised to receive either PEA (n = 47) or Ibuprofen comparator (n = 47). Upon headache onset, participants consumed their allocated product, recorded pain levels using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and continued to log their pain scores at 30-minute intervals for up to 4-hours. Results: Eighty-six participants (44 active treatment and 42 comparator) recorded at least one headache with a total of 271 tension-type headaches recorded (120 active treatment and 151 comparator). Most headaches were reduced in both treatment arms by 2 hours and almost all by 4 hours;90% in the PEA group, and 97% in comparator group, p > 0.5. For moderate at onset headaches, the comparator group had a greater percentage of pain-free events at 2-hours. However, the time taken to resolve severe headaches was significantly lower in the PEA group than the comparator group (p Conclusions: These results place PEA as a potential treatment option for tension-type headaches.
