AIM: To evaluate the current state-of-the-art of gastric electrical stimulation to treat obesity. METHODS: Systematic reviews of all studies have been conducted to evaluate the effect of different types of gastric ele...AIM: To evaluate the current state-of-the-art of gastric electrical stimulation to treat obesity. METHODS: Systematic reviews of all studies have been conducted to evaluate the effect of different types of gastric electrical stimulation(GES) on obesity.RESULTS: Thirty-one studies consisting of a total of 33 different trials were included in the systematic review for data analysis. Weight loss was achieved in most studies, especially during the first 12 mo, but only very few studies had a follow-up period longer than 1 year. Among those that had a longer follow-up period, many were from the Transcend(Implantable Gastric Stimulation) device group and maintained significant weight loss. Other significant results included changes in appetite/satiety, gastric emptying rate, blood pressure and neurohormone levels or biochemical markers such as ghrelin or HbA1 c respectively. CONCLUSION: GES holds great promises to be an effective obesity treatment. However, stronger evidence is required through more studies with a standardized way of carrying out trials and reporting outcomes, to determine the long-term effect of GES on obesity.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the expression relationship between nuclear transcription factor kappa B1 (NFκB1) and long non-coding RNA PACER (LncRNA-PACER) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with ...Objective: To investigate the expression relationship between nuclear transcription factor kappa B1 (NFκB1) and long non-coding RNA PACER (LncRNA-PACER) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods: From February 2018 to March 2019, 40 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (tuberculosis group) and 40 healthy persons (control group) were collected, the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA);the expressions of LncRNA-PACER and NFκB1 mRNAs in PBMCs were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR;Western blot was used to detect the expressions of NFκB1 and COX 2 in PBMCs;Pearson method was used to analyze the expressions of LncRNA-PACER and NFκB1 in PBMCs of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, and the expressions of LncRNA-PACER and NFκB1 in PBMCs of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were analyzed. Results: Compared with the control group, the expressions of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 in the serum of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the expressions of LncRNA-PACER, NFκB1 mRNAs, proteins and COX-2 protein in PBMCs were significantly increased (P<0.05). The expressions of LncRNA-PACER and NFκB1 proteins in PBMCs were related to the number of pulmonary lesions and pulmonary cavity (P<0.05), and there was a positive correlation between the expression of LncRNA-PACER and the expression of NFκB1 mRNA in PBMCs of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (r = 0.873, P<0.05). Conclusions: The expressions of NFκB1 and LncRNA-PACER in PBMCs of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis are significantly increased, they are positively correlated and both of them are related to the occurrence and development of pulmonary tuberculosis.展开更多
Background p50-associated cyclooxygenase-2 extragenic RNA(PACER)is a recently identified antisense long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)located on the upstream of the promoter region of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2).Preliminary studi...Background p50-associated cyclooxygenase-2 extragenic RNA(PACER)is a recently identified antisense long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)located on the upstream of the promoter region of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2).Preliminary studies have suggested that PACER is involved in the regulation of COX-2 expression in macrophagocyte and osteosarcoma cells.However,the role of this lncRNA in colorectal cancer(CRC)remains elusive.Here,we investigated the expression of PACER and its effect on cell proliferation and invasion to explore the role of PACER in CRC.Methods Real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)analysis was used to evaluate the expression of PACER in CRC tissues and cells.Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT)analysis was then used to investigate the inhibition effect of PACER knock-down in cell proliferation.The promoting role of this lncRNA on invasion by CRC cells was analysed by wound-healing assays,colony-formation assay,and transwell assays.We then used fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)to establish the subcellular localization of PACER.COX-2 protein levels were quantified by Western blot analysis and grayscale scanning analysis following the knock-down of PACER.Luciferase assay was carried out to monitor the modulation of the COX-2 promoter region by PACER.Tumor xenografts models were used to investigate the impact of PACER on the tumorigenesis of CRC cells in vivo.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was then used to quantify prostaglandin E2(PGE2)production upon knock-down of PACER.Results RT-qPCR analysis revealed that PACER was highly expressed in CRC tissues and cells,and a high PACER-expression level was associated with poor prognosis.MTT assay,wound-healing assay,colony-formation assay,and transwell assay revealed that PACER enhanced CRC-cell proliferation,invasion,and metastasis in vitro.Analysis of lncRNA localization by FISH showed that it mainly resided in the nucleus.RT-qPCR showed that PACER increased mRNA levels of COX-2.Western blot analysis demonstrated,under normal circumstances,that knock-down of PACER decreased the COX-2 protein level.In the case of p50 absence,COX-2 protein increased rapidly and remained highly expressed after knocking down PACER.Luciferase assay revealed that PACER modulated the COX-2 promoter region.Mouse xenograft models of CRC revealed that PACER promoted colorectal tumorigenesis in vivo.ELISA revealed that PACER knock-down inhibited PGE2 production.Conclusions PACER modulates COX-2 expression through the nuclear factor kappa B(NF-jB)pathway in CRC.An increased level of PACER enhances proliferation,migration,and invasion of tumor cells by increasing COX-2 and PGE2 synthesis.展开更多
文摘AIM: To evaluate the current state-of-the-art of gastric electrical stimulation to treat obesity. METHODS: Systematic reviews of all studies have been conducted to evaluate the effect of different types of gastric electrical stimulation(GES) on obesity.RESULTS: Thirty-one studies consisting of a total of 33 different trials were included in the systematic review for data analysis. Weight loss was achieved in most studies, especially during the first 12 mo, but only very few studies had a follow-up period longer than 1 year. Among those that had a longer follow-up period, many were from the Transcend(Implantable Gastric Stimulation) device group and maintained significant weight loss. Other significant results included changes in appetite/satiety, gastric emptying rate, blood pressure and neurohormone levels or biochemical markers such as ghrelin or HbA1 c respectively. CONCLUSION: GES holds great promises to be an effective obesity treatment. However, stronger evidence is required through more studies with a standardized way of carrying out trials and reporting outcomes, to determine the long-term effect of GES on obesity.
基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Plan(No.JCYJ20180306172419505).
文摘Objective: To investigate the expression relationship between nuclear transcription factor kappa B1 (NFκB1) and long non-coding RNA PACER (LncRNA-PACER) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods: From February 2018 to March 2019, 40 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (tuberculosis group) and 40 healthy persons (control group) were collected, the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA);the expressions of LncRNA-PACER and NFκB1 mRNAs in PBMCs were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR;Western blot was used to detect the expressions of NFκB1 and COX 2 in PBMCs;Pearson method was used to analyze the expressions of LncRNA-PACER and NFκB1 in PBMCs of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, and the expressions of LncRNA-PACER and NFκB1 in PBMCs of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were analyzed. Results: Compared with the control group, the expressions of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 in the serum of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the expressions of LncRNA-PACER, NFκB1 mRNAs, proteins and COX-2 protein in PBMCs were significantly increased (P<0.05). The expressions of LncRNA-PACER and NFκB1 proteins in PBMCs were related to the number of pulmonary lesions and pulmonary cavity (P<0.05), and there was a positive correlation between the expression of LncRNA-PACER and the expression of NFκB1 mRNA in PBMCs of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (r = 0.873, P<0.05). Conclusions: The expressions of NFκB1 and LncRNA-PACER in PBMCs of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis are significantly increased, they are positively correlated and both of them are related to the occurrence and development of pulmonary tuberculosis.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China [No.81572930]Beijing Science and Technology Plan [No.D171100002617004]the Scientific Research Foundation of Graduate School of Harbin Medical University [YJSCX2017-63HYD].
文摘Background p50-associated cyclooxygenase-2 extragenic RNA(PACER)is a recently identified antisense long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)located on the upstream of the promoter region of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2).Preliminary studies have suggested that PACER is involved in the regulation of COX-2 expression in macrophagocyte and osteosarcoma cells.However,the role of this lncRNA in colorectal cancer(CRC)remains elusive.Here,we investigated the expression of PACER and its effect on cell proliferation and invasion to explore the role of PACER in CRC.Methods Real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)analysis was used to evaluate the expression of PACER in CRC tissues and cells.Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT)analysis was then used to investigate the inhibition effect of PACER knock-down in cell proliferation.The promoting role of this lncRNA on invasion by CRC cells was analysed by wound-healing assays,colony-formation assay,and transwell assays.We then used fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)to establish the subcellular localization of PACER.COX-2 protein levels were quantified by Western blot analysis and grayscale scanning analysis following the knock-down of PACER.Luciferase assay was carried out to monitor the modulation of the COX-2 promoter region by PACER.Tumor xenografts models were used to investigate the impact of PACER on the tumorigenesis of CRC cells in vivo.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was then used to quantify prostaglandin E2(PGE2)production upon knock-down of PACER.Results RT-qPCR analysis revealed that PACER was highly expressed in CRC tissues and cells,and a high PACER-expression level was associated with poor prognosis.MTT assay,wound-healing assay,colony-formation assay,and transwell assay revealed that PACER enhanced CRC-cell proliferation,invasion,and metastasis in vitro.Analysis of lncRNA localization by FISH showed that it mainly resided in the nucleus.RT-qPCR showed that PACER increased mRNA levels of COX-2.Western blot analysis demonstrated,under normal circumstances,that knock-down of PACER decreased the COX-2 protein level.In the case of p50 absence,COX-2 protein increased rapidly and remained highly expressed after knocking down PACER.Luciferase assay revealed that PACER modulated the COX-2 promoter region.Mouse xenograft models of CRC revealed that PACER promoted colorectal tumorigenesis in vivo.ELISA revealed that PACER knock-down inhibited PGE2 production.Conclusions PACER modulates COX-2 expression through the nuclear factor kappa B(NF-jB)pathway in CRC.An increased level of PACER enhances proliferation,migration,and invasion of tumor cells by increasing COX-2 and PGE2 synthesis.
