Photoperiod/temperature-sensitive genic male sterility(P/TGMS)is widely applied for improving crop production.Previous investigations using the reversible male sterile(rvms)mutant showed that slow development is a gen...Photoperiod/temperature-sensitive genic male sterility(P/TGMS)is widely applied for improving crop production.Previous investigations using the reversible male sterile(rvms)mutant showed that slow development is a general mechanism for restoring fertility to P/TGMS lines in Arabidopsis.In this work,we isolated a restorer of rvms–2(res3),as the male sterility of rvms–2 was rescued by res3.Phenotype analysis and molecular cloning show that a point mutation in UPEX1 l in res3 leads to delayed secretion of callase A6 from the tapetum to the locule and tetrad callose wall degradation.Electrophoretic mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated that the tapetal transcription factor ABORTED MICROSPORES directly regulates UPEX1 expression,revealing a pathway for tapetum secretory function.Early degradation of the callose wall in the transgenic line eliminated the fertility restoration effect of res3.The fertility of multiple known P/TGMS lines with pollen wall defects was also restored by res3.We propose that the remnant callose wall may broadly compensate for the pollen wall defects of P/TGMS lines by providing protection for pollen formation.A cellular mechanism is proposed to explain how slow development restores the fertility of P/TGMS lines in Arabidopsis.展开更多
The discovery and application of environment-sensitive genic male sterile(EGMS) rice germplasm provide an easy method for hybrid rice breeding and have made great contributions to hybrid rice production. Typically, th...The discovery and application of environment-sensitive genic male sterile(EGMS) rice germplasm provide an easy method for hybrid rice breeding and have made great contributions to hybrid rice production. Typically, the photoperiod-and thermosensitive GMS(P/TGMS) lines utilized in two-line hybrid systems are male sterile under long day or/and high temperature but fertile under short day or/and low temperature conditions. However, Yannong S(Yn S), a reverse TGMS(rTGMS) line, is sterile under low temperature(<29℃) and fertile under high temperature(>29.5℃). Here, we report a genetic study on the rTGMS trait in Yn S. Interestingly, the F1 plants of the cross between Yn S and a cultivar, L422, were male sterile at 22℃ and completely fertile at 27℃. Moreover, the segregation ratio of fertile and sterile individuals in Yn S/L422 F2 populations changed from 1:3.05 to 2.95:1 when the ambient temperature increased, showing that the rTGMS trait exhibits semidominance in Yn S. We further found a locus on chromosome 10, termed RTMS10, which controls the rTGMS trait in Yn S. We then finely mapped RTMS10 to a ~68 kb interval between markers ID13116 and ID1318 by Yn S/L422 BC6 F2 populations. A near iso-genic line(NIL) NL1 from the BC6 F3 generation was developed and the pollen of NL1 became abnormal from the meiosis stage under low temperature. In summary, we identified an rTGMS locus, RTMS10, and provided co-segregated markers, which could help to accelerate molecular breeding of rTGMS lines and better understand the rTGMS trait in rice.展开更多
P/TGMS (photo-thermo sensitive genie male sterility) lines with pale-green leaf color have been developed in japonica rice. The marker trait is used as an assistant selection in the production of the two-lines system ...P/TGMS (photo-thermo sensitive genie male sterility) lines with pale-green leaf color have been developed in japonica rice. The marker trait is used as an assistant selection in the production of the two-lines system hybrid rice for the improvement of F, seed purity. A joint inheritance study of both leaf color and male sterility is presented for P/TGMS line with pale-green leaf color. The segregation ratios for leaf color in the F2 populations of the three crosses showed 13 : 3 and 15 : 1 at early and late sowing stages (April 26 and June 23) respectively, implying that the leaf color is controlled by two genes with fertility gene as dominant. Sterility level is higher in the early sowing stage than that in the late sowing. The inducement of male sterility is closely related to longer day-length and higher temperature at the developmental stages of young panicle. The genes to govern the leaf color and male fertility are inherited independently.展开更多
Photoperiod-and thermo-sensitive genic male sterile(P/TGMS)lines display male sterility under high-temperature/long-day light conditions and male fertility under low-temperature/short-day light conditions.P/TGMS lines...Photoperiod-and thermo-sensitive genic male sterile(P/TGMS)lines display male sterility under high-temperature/long-day light conditions and male fertility under low-temperature/short-day light conditions.P/TGMS lines are the fundamental basis for the two-line hybrid breeding,which has notably increased the yield potential and grain quality of rice cultivars.In this review,we focus on the research progress on photoperiod-and thermo-sensitive genic male sterility in plants.The essence of P/TGMS line is their ability to produce viable pollen under varying conditions.We overview the processes involved in anther and pollen development,as well as the molecular,cellular,and genetic mechanisms underlying P/TGMS in Arabidopsis,rice,and other crops.Slow development has been identified as a common mechanism of P/TGMS fertility restoration in both Arabidopsis and rice,while reactive oxygen species homeostasis has been implicated in rice P/TGMS.Furthermore,we discuss the prospective applications of P/TGMS and potential solutions to the challenges in this field.This review deepens the understanding of the mechanisms underlying P/TGMS and its utilization in two-line hybrid breeding across diverse crops.展开更多
Rice is a major cereal crop for China. The development of the ‘‘three-line" hybrid rice system based on cytoplasmic male sterility in the 1970 s(first-generation) and the ‘‘two-line" hybrid rice system b...Rice is a major cereal crop for China. The development of the ‘‘three-line" hybrid rice system based on cytoplasmic male sterility in the 1970 s(first-generation) and the ‘‘two-line" hybrid rice system based on photoperiod-and thermo-sensitive genic male-sterile lines(second-generation)in the 1980 s has contributed significantly to rice yield increase and food security in China. Here we describe the development and implementation of the ‘‘third-generation" hybrid rice breeding system that is based on a transgenic approach to propagate and utilize stable recessive nuclear male sterile lines, and as such, the male sterile line and hybrid rice produced using such a system is nontransgenic. Such a system should overcome the intrinsic problems of the ‘‘first-generation" and‘‘second-generation" hybrid rice systems and hold great promise to further boost production of hybrid rice and other crops.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31930009,31900260)the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(2019-01-07-00-02-E00006)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(18DZ2260500 and 17DZ2252700)。
文摘Photoperiod/temperature-sensitive genic male sterility(P/TGMS)is widely applied for improving crop production.Previous investigations using the reversible male sterile(rvms)mutant showed that slow development is a general mechanism for restoring fertility to P/TGMS lines in Arabidopsis.In this work,we isolated a restorer of rvms–2(res3),as the male sterility of rvms–2 was rescued by res3.Phenotype analysis and molecular cloning show that a point mutation in UPEX1 l in res3 leads to delayed secretion of callase A6 from the tapetum to the locule and tetrad callose wall degradation.Electrophoretic mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated that the tapetal transcription factor ABORTED MICROSPORES directly regulates UPEX1 expression,revealing a pathway for tapetum secretory function.Early degradation of the callose wall in the transgenic line eliminated the fertility restoration effect of res3.The fertility of multiple known P/TGMS lines with pollen wall defects was also restored by res3.We propose that the remnant callose wall may broadly compensate for the pollen wall defects of P/TGMS lines by providing protection for pollen formation.A cellular mechanism is proposed to explain how slow development restores the fertility of P/TGMS lines in Arabidopsis.
基金funded by the Key Research and Development Program of Anhui Province,China(201904a06020016 and 202104g01020013)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31101204)the Program of Rice Genetic Breeding Key Laboratory of Anhui Province,China(SDKF-201903)。
文摘The discovery and application of environment-sensitive genic male sterile(EGMS) rice germplasm provide an easy method for hybrid rice breeding and have made great contributions to hybrid rice production. Typically, the photoperiod-and thermosensitive GMS(P/TGMS) lines utilized in two-line hybrid systems are male sterile under long day or/and high temperature but fertile under short day or/and low temperature conditions. However, Yannong S(Yn S), a reverse TGMS(rTGMS) line, is sterile under low temperature(<29℃) and fertile under high temperature(>29.5℃). Here, we report a genetic study on the rTGMS trait in Yn S. Interestingly, the F1 plants of the cross between Yn S and a cultivar, L422, were male sterile at 22℃ and completely fertile at 27℃. Moreover, the segregation ratio of fertile and sterile individuals in Yn S/L422 F2 populations changed from 1:3.05 to 2.95:1 when the ambient temperature increased, showing that the rTGMS trait exhibits semidominance in Yn S. We further found a locus on chromosome 10, termed RTMS10, which controls the rTGMS trait in Yn S. We then finely mapped RTMS10 to a ~68 kb interval between markers ID13116 and ID1318 by Yn S/L422 BC6 F2 populations. A near iso-genic line(NIL) NL1 from the BC6 F3 generation was developed and the pollen of NL1 became abnormal from the meiosis stage under low temperature. In summary, we identified an rTGMS locus, RTMS10, and provided co-segregated markers, which could help to accelerate molecular breeding of rTGMS lines and better understand the rTGMS trait in rice.
基金This research was supported by a grant from China Nationl“863"High Tchnology Proramn,a key grant(2003C22007)“8812”Program from Zhejiang Province,China.
文摘P/TGMS (photo-thermo sensitive genie male sterility) lines with pale-green leaf color have been developed in japonica rice. The marker trait is used as an assistant selection in the production of the two-lines system hybrid rice for the improvement of F, seed purity. A joint inheritance study of both leaf color and male sterility is presented for P/TGMS line with pale-green leaf color. The segregation ratios for leaf color in the F2 populations of the three crosses showed 13 : 3 and 15 : 1 at early and late sowing stages (April 26 and June 23) respectively, implying that the leaf color is controlled by two genes with fertility gene as dominant. Sterility level is higher in the early sowing stage than that in the late sowing. The inducement of male sterility is closely related to longer day-length and higher temperature at the developmental stages of young panicle. The genes to govern the leaf color and male fertility are inherited independently.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFF1003504)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31930009 and 32100276)the Shanghai Pujiang Program(21PJ1411500).
文摘Photoperiod-and thermo-sensitive genic male sterile(P/TGMS)lines display male sterility under high-temperature/long-day light conditions and male fertility under low-temperature/short-day light conditions.P/TGMS lines are the fundamental basis for the two-line hybrid breeding,which has notably increased the yield potential and grain quality of rice cultivars.In this review,we focus on the research progress on photoperiod-and thermo-sensitive genic male sterility in plants.The essence of P/TGMS line is their ability to produce viable pollen under varying conditions.We overview the processes involved in anther and pollen development,as well as the molecular,cellular,and genetic mechanisms underlying P/TGMS in Arabidopsis,rice,and other crops.Slow development has been identified as a common mechanism of P/TGMS fertility restoration in both Arabidopsis and rice,while reactive oxygen species homeostasis has been implicated in rice P/TGMS.Furthermore,we discuss the prospective applications of P/TGMS and potential solutions to the challenges in this field.This review deepens the understanding of the mechanisms underlying P/TGMS and its utilization in two-line hybrid breeding across diverse crops.
基金support from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant Nos.2009AA101201 and 2011AA10A107)Hunan Province Government (Grant No.2009fj1012)+1 种基金Guangdong Province Government (Grant No.201001S0104725509)Shenzhen Municipal Government (Grant Nos.KQF201109160004A,JC201005280655A,CXZZ20140411140647863,NYSW 20140326010006,SWCYL20150331010020,and JSGG201 50508105340526),China
文摘Rice is a major cereal crop for China. The development of the ‘‘three-line" hybrid rice system based on cytoplasmic male sterility in the 1970 s(first-generation) and the ‘‘two-line" hybrid rice system based on photoperiod-and thermo-sensitive genic male-sterile lines(second-generation)in the 1980 s has contributed significantly to rice yield increase and food security in China. Here we describe the development and implementation of the ‘‘third-generation" hybrid rice breeding system that is based on a transgenic approach to propagate and utilize stable recessive nuclear male sterile lines, and as such, the male sterile line and hybrid rice produced using such a system is nontransgenic. Such a system should overcome the intrinsic problems of the ‘‘first-generation" and‘‘second-generation" hybrid rice systems and hold great promise to further boost production of hybrid rice and other crops.
