With the gradual deepening of aging,the barrier-free design of outdoor spaces in healthcare and wellness buildings is crucial to the quality of life for the elderly in their later years.The mountainous terrain of Chon...With the gradual deepening of aging,the barrier-free design of outdoor spaces in healthcare and wellness buildings is crucial to the quality of life for the elderly in their later years.The mountainous terrain of Chongqing poses higher requirements for barrier-free design.This paper analyzes the barrier-free needs of the elderly,systematically reviews the current status of barrier-free design in Chongqing’s healthcare and wellness buildings,and proposes targeted smart strategy suggestions from four aspects:barrier-free transportation space,activity space,landscape sketches,and place spirit,combining regional characteristics.These suggestions aim to improve and enhance the quality of the elderly care environment in Chongqing.展开更多
Outdoor space on campus is an important place for daily activities of teachers and students,and there is an important connection between thermal comfort and users’ feelings.It is of great significance to explore the ...Outdoor space on campus is an important place for daily activities of teachers and students,and there is an important connection between thermal comfort and users’ feelings.It is of great significance to explore the difference of thermal comfort perceived by human body for the effective use and renovation of space.With the typical outdoor space in the campus of North China University of Technology as the monitoring object,the influencing factors of the difference of human thermal comfort perception were analyzed by measuring the microclimate data of outdoor space in winter and the data of thermal comfort questionnaire.The results showed that the subjective feeling of human body to environmental thermal comfort in winter in outdoor space of campus in north China was correlated with various factors,and had significant correlation with gender and height.The research results are helpful to further explore the difference of thermal comfort perception.展开更多
One of the factors for the evaluation of the space environment is the comfort of outdoor activities spaces in urban parks. The space composed of different landscape elements has different microclimate environment. In ...One of the factors for the evaluation of the space environment is the comfort of outdoor activities spaces in urban parks. The space composed of different landscape elements has different microclimate environment. In this paper, in order to evaluate the role of thermal comfort in influencing resident’s assessment of the outdoor space and activities of the park, a thermal comfort survey was conducted on the outdoor open space of Mianyang Urban Park in summer. In this article, meteorological surveys, questionnaire surveys and observation of park attendance are selected to collect data. The physiological equivalent temperature (PET) assessment was selected as the index to evaluate resident’s thermal comfort level, and the comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the spatial thermal environment of different outdoor landscape elements in the park. The overall comfort of current visitors is mainly influenced by their subjective heat perception voting (TSV). In this article, we focus on providing microclimate adjustment considerations for urban park landscape design, and may help people understand the outdoor thermal comfort of Mianyang in summer, increase the using time of outdoor activities, and promote the use of outdoor space.展开更多
With the rapid development of the city,the old city has gradually lost its former glory,and the old community accounts for a large proportion in the city,and is located in the core area of the city. At present,there a...With the rapid development of the city,the old city has gradually lost its former glory,and the old community accounts for a large proportion in the city,and is located in the core area of the city. At present,there are some problems in the old community,such as high degree of aging,poor quality of living space,and lack of outdoor space. The old community transformation is mainly in the way of ' guided reconstruction',it has completely destroyed the original historical environment and the spirit of the place. Therefore,taking Xingchaibeiyuan Community in Nanchang City as an example,we deeply explore the strategy of micro-renewal of community outdoor space,so as to provide a reference for the renewal of outdoor space in this kind of old residential area.展开更多
Aiming at the rural-urban background, the paper research content is that the outdoor space design adjusting to aging population. It is noteworthy that the “empty nest” becomes a social phenomenon in China. The commu...Aiming at the rural-urban background, the paper research content is that the outdoor space design adjusting to aging population. It is noteworthy that the “empty nest” becomes a social phenomenon in China. The community and the village are the are population most centralized region, it is also the main places that old man consume their leisure time. Outdoor space design should be suitable for the local natural climatic conditions and cultural customs. Outdoor space in Hunan of China appropriates local opened space. The high quality design of outdoor space will create conditions for social endowment and self-help endowment. Outdoor activity space is closely linked with the old people’s quality of life. Function of outdoor space includes contact and the exercise as well as manual labor and pastime. Outdoor space design strategy consists of barrier-free design, identification design and activity space. The paper thinks that: “Doing to older, joy to older” is the highest state of old age. This needs the joint efforts of the family and community, needs to assume by physical space. The outdoor is the main site of activity for old man. Taking exercise, accompanying with others or pets, association and manual labor are the main content to outdoor space design.展开更多
The quality of outdoor space in residential areas is of great importance to residents.However,the existing studies predominately focus on a certain types of open space.In addition,there is lack of objective quantifica...The quality of outdoor space in residential areas is of great importance to residents.However,the existing studies predominately focus on a certain types of open space.In addition,there is lack of objective quantification.In this study,a novel approach is developed in order to quantify the quality of outdoor space based on the identification of value dimensions and the classification of the open spaces.Firstly,the residential outdoor space is divided into six types of open space.Secondly,the value weights of different open spaces are calculated through Structural Equation Modeling(SEM)and Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)based on the data from on-site and online questionnaire survey.Finally,the approach developed in this study was tested in high intensity residential areas.Results of this study helps to better understand the quality of outdoor space in high intensity residential development,hence provides useful inputs for the future planning of such developments.展开更多
With the economic development and increase of income, urban citizens have attached more importance to the comfort of living environment, and aesthetic property of buildings. Exterior design is the extension and redesi...With the economic development and increase of income, urban citizens have attached more importance to the comfort of living environment, and aesthetic property of buildings. Exterior design is the extension and redesign on the basis of interior design, interior and exterior spatial design and architectural design are closely related. This paper explored the approaches of integrating indoor and outdoor spaces of urban landscape buildings by analyzing excellent building cases.展开更多
This paper analyzed current situation of domestic and foreign children's outdoor spaces, and the relationship between urban public spaces and children's behaviors, summarized design principles and techniques t...This paper analyzed current situation of domestic and foreign children's outdoor spaces, and the relationship between urban public spaces and children's behaviors, summarized design principles and techniques to improve use efficiency of urban outdoor public spaces and facilities, create public spaces capable of meeting psychological behavior needs of children.展开更多
Open spaces-whether public,urban,or part of a campus-offer a variety of activities and opportunities to people.Therefore,open spaces should be considered a vital component of any built-up area and designed to meet the...Open spaces-whether public,urban,or part of a campus-offer a variety of activities and opportunities to people.Therefore,open spaces should be considered a vital component of any built-up area and designed to meet the needs and address the comfort of potential users.Because of their presence in daily life and their preponderance of characteristics,open spaces have drawn the attention of many researchers,designers,and planners with varying perspec-tives.The current study takes a scientific approach to analyzing the environmental parameters of the Campus Outdoor Space(COS)in the case of the Eastern Mediterranean University(EMU).An extensive literature review supported the identification of seven important envi-ronmental parameters effective in the microscale analysis of a COS:geographical location,meteorological situation,urban form,surface materials,amount of vegetation and watershed,and anthropogenic pollution.Analysis of the environmental parameters called for a hybrid method that included a detailed field survey and the following set of simulations:sun-path,radiation,sky view factor,and turbulence analysis.The accuracy of the field survey directly con-tributed to the effectiveness of the simulations.Grasshopper®3D software and Computational Fluid Dynamics were used to simulate the conditions of the EMU study area.The outcomes show that the spatial organization,building forms,and building orientation negatively affect the COS of EMU.In the Mediterranean climatic region of EMU,shade and flowing breezes greatly enhance comfort and usability of outdoor spaces from April to October.The massive form of buildings and minimal planning for effective building orientation to the sun increased heat storage capacity and neglected prevailing winds,resulting in flow separation and formation of eddies on the leeward side of buildings.These negatively influenced the microclimate,and thereby user comfort,at the core of the EMU’s main COS.展开更多
This paper studies the thermal performance of outdoor residential spaces in the old part—historical part—of Sana’a city in the winter period and its impact on the residents’ satisfaction who occupied the buildings...This paper studies the thermal performance of outdoor residential spaces in the old part—historical part—of Sana’a city in the winter period and its impact on the residents’ satisfaction who occupied the buildings which overlook these spaces and use them on a pedestrian comfort basis. The analysis was carried out through the results of field measurements which study the temperature, relative humidity, and the air movement inside the selected outdoor spaces in the period of winter (2 months) data recorded through the devices used and compared with those obtained from the General Authority of Meteorology and Aviation—Meteorology Sector. Despite the passage of years, the author remained occupied with the opinion of the people whose homes overlook those outdoors spaces and what is their opinion of their performance. Therefore, an assessment was conducted in November 2020 to know the opinion of the people about the performance of these outdoor spaces and to compare the results of the field measurements with the results of the assessment. The measurements were conducted by using data-loggers that spread in some outdoor spaces in 7 spaces in old city of Sana’a and in its modern extension during the winter period which is the time of concern of this work. The measurements showed that the outdoor residential spaces in the old city of Sana’a are represented an advantage for winter climate over that of the modern city, so the focus in this paper was on that outdoors with the question of the users of the outdoor spaces in the old city only to clarify their satisfaction with it and whether it has succeeded as well from their point of view. Results presented in this paper are important to consider the relationship between the climatical performance of outdoor spaces and the comfort of the residents in the urban environment and give implications for urban planners and architects to improve the climate-based design methodology towards sustainable developments.展开更多
Intensified human population encourages urbanization changing the morphology and metabolism of urban environments, thus altering the local climate and outdoor thermal comfort (OTC) in public spaces. OTC is an increasi...Intensified human population encourages urbanization changing the morphology and metabolism of urban environments, thus altering the local climate and outdoor thermal comfort (OTC) in public spaces. OTC is an increasingly urgent area of research for tropical climates. This study explores the literature from the Scopus database on urban microclimate and OTC in public spaces and contrasts the studies in warm-humid cities through a bibliometric mapping of literature. The adapted methodology includes;Bibliometric Search, Scientometric Analysis, and Content analysis using VOSviewer software to identify the evolution paths, gaps, and the most recent movement of OTC assessments in urban public spaces. Results reveal five evolution paths related to all climatic regions;1) materials and cooling strategies, 2) simulation modeling and urban planning, 3) design parameters affecting thermal perception, 4) cooling effects of green infrastructure, and 5) thermal adaptation in urban design. Although urban morphology and vegetation have been received the highest attention respectively, only a few for blue infrastructure related to warm-humid cities. This review identified five research gaps;the impact of blue infrastructure on OTC, strategies to overcome the effect of reflective materials, vegetation configurations in street canyons with wind flow, OTC improvements in asymmetrical street canyons, and how local climate zone (LCZ) classification approach could be used for OTC assessments. Past empirical studies have revealed that urban vegetation, surface materials, and morphological parameters are of paramount importance. Yet, the urban blue infrastructure has not received adequate research. Recently, the attention of researchers has been drawn to strategies in improving OTC using micro-meteorological simulation modelling to examine the impact of urban design interventions. Finally, comprehensive content analysis, bibliographic coupling based on documents, co-occurrence of all-keywords, are suggested for future bibliometric reviews. Finally, further research on recommended areas would assist decision-makers in planning and design to enhance livability by improving microclimate and OTC in urban spaces.展开更多
基金Research Fund Projects of Chongqing Institute of Engineering:Research on the Intelligent Design of Indoor and Outdoor Spaces for Chongqing’s“Integrated Medical and Elderly Care”Health and Wellness Buildings in the Context of Digitization(2023xsky01)Research on Spatial Syntax Parameters and Combination Patterns of Urban and Rural Community Elderly Care Centers from a Multi-Dimensional Perspective(2024XZKY003)Funding support:2024 Curriculum Ideological and Political Demonstration Course Construction Project of Chongqing Institute of Engineering,“Residential Landscape Design”(Project Number:KC20240006)。
文摘With the gradual deepening of aging,the barrier-free design of outdoor spaces in healthcare and wellness buildings is crucial to the quality of life for the elderly in their later years.The mountainous terrain of Chongqing poses higher requirements for barrier-free design.This paper analyzes the barrier-free needs of the elderly,systematically reviews the current status of barrier-free design in Chongqing’s healthcare and wellness buildings,and proposes targeted smart strategy suggestions from four aspects:barrier-free transportation space,activity space,landscape sketches,and place spirit,combining regional characteristics.These suggestions aim to improve and enhance the quality of the elderly care environment in Chongqing.
基金Sponsored by Natural Science Foundation of Beijing (8202017)Youth Talent Support Program of 2018 Beijing Municipal University Academic Human Resources Development (PXM2018_014212_000043)。
文摘Outdoor space on campus is an important place for daily activities of teachers and students,and there is an important connection between thermal comfort and users’ feelings.It is of great significance to explore the difference of thermal comfort perceived by human body for the effective use and renovation of space.With the typical outdoor space in the campus of North China University of Technology as the monitoring object,the influencing factors of the difference of human thermal comfort perception were analyzed by measuring the microclimate data of outdoor space in winter and the data of thermal comfort questionnaire.The results showed that the subjective feeling of human body to environmental thermal comfort in winter in outdoor space of campus in north China was correlated with various factors,and had significant correlation with gender and height.The research results are helpful to further explore the difference of thermal comfort perception.
文摘One of the factors for the evaluation of the space environment is the comfort of outdoor activities spaces in urban parks. The space composed of different landscape elements has different microclimate environment. In this paper, in order to evaluate the role of thermal comfort in influencing resident’s assessment of the outdoor space and activities of the park, a thermal comfort survey was conducted on the outdoor open space of Mianyang Urban Park in summer. In this article, meteorological surveys, questionnaire surveys and observation of park attendance are selected to collect data. The physiological equivalent temperature (PET) assessment was selected as the index to evaluate resident’s thermal comfort level, and the comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the spatial thermal environment of different outdoor landscape elements in the park. The overall comfort of current visitors is mainly influenced by their subjective heat perception voting (TSV). In this article, we focus on providing microclimate adjustment considerations for urban park landscape design, and may help people understand the outdoor thermal comfort of Mianyang in summer, increase the using time of outdoor activities, and promote the use of outdoor space.
文摘With the rapid development of the city,the old city has gradually lost its former glory,and the old community accounts for a large proportion in the city,and is located in the core area of the city. At present,there are some problems in the old community,such as high degree of aging,poor quality of living space,and lack of outdoor space. The old community transformation is mainly in the way of ' guided reconstruction',it has completely destroyed the original historical environment and the spirit of the place. Therefore,taking Xingchaibeiyuan Community in Nanchang City as an example,we deeply explore the strategy of micro-renewal of community outdoor space,so as to provide a reference for the renewal of outdoor space in this kind of old residential area.
文摘Aiming at the rural-urban background, the paper research content is that the outdoor space design adjusting to aging population. It is noteworthy that the “empty nest” becomes a social phenomenon in China. The community and the village are the are population most centralized region, it is also the main places that old man consume their leisure time. Outdoor space design should be suitable for the local natural climatic conditions and cultural customs. Outdoor space in Hunan of China appropriates local opened space. The high quality design of outdoor space will create conditions for social endowment and self-help endowment. Outdoor activity space is closely linked with the old people’s quality of life. Function of outdoor space includes contact and the exercise as well as manual labor and pastime. Outdoor space design strategy consists of barrier-free design, identification design and activity space. The paper thinks that: “Doing to older, joy to older” is the highest state of old age. This needs the joint efforts of the family and community, needs to assume by physical space. The outdoor is the main site of activity for old man. Taking exercise, accompanying with others or pets, association and manual labor are the main content to outdoor space design.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(GrantNo.52078112).
文摘The quality of outdoor space in residential areas is of great importance to residents.However,the existing studies predominately focus on a certain types of open space.In addition,there is lack of objective quantification.In this study,a novel approach is developed in order to quantify the quality of outdoor space based on the identification of value dimensions and the classification of the open spaces.Firstly,the residential outdoor space is divided into six types of open space.Secondly,the value weights of different open spaces are calculated through Structural Equation Modeling(SEM)and Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)based on the data from on-site and online questionnaire survey.Finally,the approach developed in this study was tested in high intensity residential areas.Results of this study helps to better understand the quality of outdoor space in high intensity residential development,hence provides useful inputs for the future planning of such developments.
文摘With the economic development and increase of income, urban citizens have attached more importance to the comfort of living environment, and aesthetic property of buildings. Exterior design is the extension and redesign on the basis of interior design, interior and exterior spatial design and architectural design are closely related. This paper explored the approaches of integrating indoor and outdoor spaces of urban landscape buildings by analyzing excellent building cases.
文摘This paper analyzed current situation of domestic and foreign children's outdoor spaces, and the relationship between urban public spaces and children's behaviors, summarized design principles and techniques to improve use efficiency of urban outdoor public spaces and facilities, create public spaces capable of meeting psychological behavior needs of children.
文摘Open spaces-whether public,urban,or part of a campus-offer a variety of activities and opportunities to people.Therefore,open spaces should be considered a vital component of any built-up area and designed to meet the needs and address the comfort of potential users.Because of their presence in daily life and their preponderance of characteristics,open spaces have drawn the attention of many researchers,designers,and planners with varying perspec-tives.The current study takes a scientific approach to analyzing the environmental parameters of the Campus Outdoor Space(COS)in the case of the Eastern Mediterranean University(EMU).An extensive literature review supported the identification of seven important envi-ronmental parameters effective in the microscale analysis of a COS:geographical location,meteorological situation,urban form,surface materials,amount of vegetation and watershed,and anthropogenic pollution.Analysis of the environmental parameters called for a hybrid method that included a detailed field survey and the following set of simulations:sun-path,radiation,sky view factor,and turbulence analysis.The accuracy of the field survey directly con-tributed to the effectiveness of the simulations.Grasshopper®3D software and Computational Fluid Dynamics were used to simulate the conditions of the EMU study area.The outcomes show that the spatial organization,building forms,and building orientation negatively affect the COS of EMU.In the Mediterranean climatic region of EMU,shade and flowing breezes greatly enhance comfort and usability of outdoor spaces from April to October.The massive form of buildings and minimal planning for effective building orientation to the sun increased heat storage capacity and neglected prevailing winds,resulting in flow separation and formation of eddies on the leeward side of buildings.These negatively influenced the microclimate,and thereby user comfort,at the core of the EMU’s main COS.
文摘This paper studies the thermal performance of outdoor residential spaces in the old part—historical part—of Sana’a city in the winter period and its impact on the residents’ satisfaction who occupied the buildings which overlook these spaces and use them on a pedestrian comfort basis. The analysis was carried out through the results of field measurements which study the temperature, relative humidity, and the air movement inside the selected outdoor spaces in the period of winter (2 months) data recorded through the devices used and compared with those obtained from the General Authority of Meteorology and Aviation—Meteorology Sector. Despite the passage of years, the author remained occupied with the opinion of the people whose homes overlook those outdoors spaces and what is their opinion of their performance. Therefore, an assessment was conducted in November 2020 to know the opinion of the people about the performance of these outdoor spaces and to compare the results of the field measurements with the results of the assessment. The measurements were conducted by using data-loggers that spread in some outdoor spaces in 7 spaces in old city of Sana’a and in its modern extension during the winter period which is the time of concern of this work. The measurements showed that the outdoor residential spaces in the old city of Sana’a are represented an advantage for winter climate over that of the modern city, so the focus in this paper was on that outdoors with the question of the users of the outdoor spaces in the old city only to clarify their satisfaction with it and whether it has succeeded as well from their point of view. Results presented in this paper are important to consider the relationship between the climatical performance of outdoor spaces and the comfort of the residents in the urban environment and give implications for urban planners and architects to improve the climate-based design methodology towards sustainable developments.
文摘Intensified human population encourages urbanization changing the morphology and metabolism of urban environments, thus altering the local climate and outdoor thermal comfort (OTC) in public spaces. OTC is an increasingly urgent area of research for tropical climates. This study explores the literature from the Scopus database on urban microclimate and OTC in public spaces and contrasts the studies in warm-humid cities through a bibliometric mapping of literature. The adapted methodology includes;Bibliometric Search, Scientometric Analysis, and Content analysis using VOSviewer software to identify the evolution paths, gaps, and the most recent movement of OTC assessments in urban public spaces. Results reveal five evolution paths related to all climatic regions;1) materials and cooling strategies, 2) simulation modeling and urban planning, 3) design parameters affecting thermal perception, 4) cooling effects of green infrastructure, and 5) thermal adaptation in urban design. Although urban morphology and vegetation have been received the highest attention respectively, only a few for blue infrastructure related to warm-humid cities. This review identified five research gaps;the impact of blue infrastructure on OTC, strategies to overcome the effect of reflective materials, vegetation configurations in street canyons with wind flow, OTC improvements in asymmetrical street canyons, and how local climate zone (LCZ) classification approach could be used for OTC assessments. Past empirical studies have revealed that urban vegetation, surface materials, and morphological parameters are of paramount importance. Yet, the urban blue infrastructure has not received adequate research. Recently, the attention of researchers has been drawn to strategies in improving OTC using micro-meteorological simulation modelling to examine the impact of urban design interventions. Finally, comprehensive content analysis, bibliographic coupling based on documents, co-occurrence of all-keywords, are suggested for future bibliometric reviews. Finally, further research on recommended areas would assist decision-makers in planning and design to enhance livability by improving microclimate and OTC in urban spaces.
