BACKGROUND Due to the increasing rate of thyroid nodules diagnosis,and the desire to avoid the unsightly cervical scar,remote thyroidectomies were invented and are increasingly performed.Transoral endoscopic thyroidec...BACKGROUND Due to the increasing rate of thyroid nodules diagnosis,and the desire to avoid the unsightly cervical scar,remote thyroidectomies were invented and are increasingly performed.Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach and trans-areolar approaches(TAA)are the two most commonly used remote approaches.No previous meta-analysis has compared postoperative infections and swallowing difficulties among the two procedures.AIM To compared the same among patients undergoing lobectomy for unilateral thyroid carcinoma/benign thyroid nodule.METHODS We searched PubMed MEDLINE,Google Scholar,and Cochrane Library from the date of the first published article up to August 2025.The term used were transoral thyroidectomy vestibular approach,trans areolar thyroidectomy,scarless thyroidectomy,remote thyroidectomy,infections,postoperative,inflammation,dysphagia,and swallowing difficulties.We identified 130 studies,of them,30 full texts were screened and only six studies were included in the final meta-analysis.RESULTS Postoperative infections were not different between the two approaches,odd ratio=1.33,95%confidence interval:0.50-3.53,theχ2 was 1.92 and the P-value for overall effect of 0.57.Similarly,transient swallowing difficulty was not different between the two forms of surgery,with odd ratio=0.91,95%confidence interval:0.35-2.40;theχ2 was 1.32,and the P-value for overall effect of 0.85.CONCLUSION No significant statistical differences were evident between trans-oral endoscopic Mirghani H.Infections and swallowing difficulty in scarless thyroidectomy WJCC https://www.wjgnet.com 2 January 6,2026 Volume 14 Issue 1 thyroidectomy vestibular approach and trans-areolar approach regarding postoperative infection and transient swallowing difficulties.Further longer randomized trials are needed.展开更多
This paper addresses the three-dimensional(3-D)approach angle constrained cooperative guidance problem for speed-varying missiles against maneuvering targets.First,the guidance problem is formulated in a relative refe...This paper addresses the three-dimensional(3-D)approach angle constrained cooperative guidance problem for speed-varying missiles against maneuvering targets.First,the guidance problem is formulated in a relative reference frame and a virtual control input is selected.Then,the cooperative guidance law is designed on the basis of a prediction-correction framework.The time-to-go under the baseline command is estimated by an efficient prediction method with a realistic aerodynamic model and a biased command is developed by utilizing the time-to-go predictions for synchronizing different missiles'impact times.The design of the biased command is decoupled into the individual design of its direction and magnitude.It is proved that the designed cooperative guidance law can make the time-to-go consensus error converge to zero before interception.Finally,the designed guidance law is validated through a series of numerical simulations.展开更多
A Cu-1.9Ni-1.9Co-0.9Si(mass fraction,%)alloy with high strength and electrical conductivity was designed by cluster formula approach.The microstructure evolution of the alloy during thermomechanical treatment was syst...A Cu-1.9Ni-1.9Co-0.9Si(mass fraction,%)alloy with high strength and electrical conductivity was designed by cluster formula approach.The microstructure evolution of the alloy during thermomechanical treatment was systematically investigated.The strengthening mechanism and electrical conductivity of the alloy were discussed in detail.The optimal thermomechanical treatment process was as follows:solid solution→80%cold rolling→(450℃,4 h)aging→50%cold rolling→(400℃,4 h)aging.The designed alloy achieved excellent comprehensive properties with a microhardness of HV 260,a yield strength of 843 MPa,a tensile strength of 884 MPa,and an electrical conductivity of 42.6%(IACS).Compared to direct aging treatment,the designed alloy subjected to multi-stage thermomechanical treatment had refined grains,high density of dislocations,and accelerated of precipitation of(Ni,Co)_(2)Si precipitates.High strength was mainly attributed to the combined effect of dislocation strengthening,work hardening and sub-grain strengthening,while good electrical conductivity was maintained through the precipitation of the large number of nanoparticles.展开更多
The photoacoustic imaging of lipid is intrinsically constrained by the feeble nature of endogenous lipid signals,posing a persistent sensitivity challenge that demands innovative solutions.Although adopting high-effic...The photoacoustic imaging of lipid is intrinsically constrained by the feeble nature of endogenous lipid signals,posing a persistent sensitivity challenge that demands innovative solutions.Although adopting high-efficiency excitation and detection elements may improve the imaging sensitivity to a certain extent,the application of the elements is inevitably subject to various limitations in practical applications,particularly during in vivo imaging and endoscopic imaging.In this study,we propose a multi-combinatorial approach to enhance the sensitivity of lipid photoacoustic imaging.The approach involves wavelet transform processing of one-dimensional A-line signals,gradient-based denoising of two-dimensional B-scan images,and finally,threedimensional spatial weighted averaging of the data processed by the previous two steps.This method not only significantly improves the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)in distinguished feature regions of the image by around 10 dB,but also efficiently extracts weak signals with no distinct features in the original image.After processing with this method,the images acquired under single scanning were compared with those obtained under multiple scanning.The results showed highly consistent image features,with the structural similarity index increasing from 0.2 to 0.8,confirming the accuracy and reliability of the multi-combinatorial approach.展开更多
This work contributes to the theoretical foundation for pricing in data markets and offers practical insights for managing digital data exchanges in the era of big data.We propose a structured pricing model for data e...This work contributes to the theoretical foundation for pricing in data markets and offers practical insights for managing digital data exchanges in the era of big data.We propose a structured pricing model for data exchanges transitioning from quasi-public to marketoriented operations.To address the complex dynamics among data exchanges,suppliers,and consumers,the authors develop a threestage Stackelberg game framework.In this model,the data exchange acts as a leader setting transaction commission rates,suppliers are intermediate leaders determining unit prices,and consumers are followers making purchasing decisions.Two pricing strategies are examined:the Independent Pricing Approach(IPA)and the novel Perfectly Competitive Pricing Approach(PCPA),which accounts for competition among data providers.Using backward induction,the study derives subgame-perfect equilibria and proves the existence and uniqueness of Stackelberg equilibria under both approaches.Extensive numerical simulations are carried out in the model,demonstrating that PCPA enhances data demander utility,encourages supplier competition,increases transaction volume,and improves the overall profitability and sustainability of data exchanges.Social welfare analysis further confirms PCPA’s superiority in promoting efficient and fair data markets.展开更多
With the rapid development of intelligent navigation technology,efficient and safe path planning for mobile robots has become a core requirement.To address the challenges of complex dynamic environments,this paper pro...With the rapid development of intelligent navigation technology,efficient and safe path planning for mobile robots has become a core requirement.To address the challenges of complex dynamic environments,this paper proposes an intelligent path planning framework based on grid map modeling.First,an improved Safe and Smooth A*(SSA*)algorithm is employed for global path planning.By incorporating obstacle expansion and cornerpoint optimization,the proposed SSA*enhances the safety and smoothness of the planned path.Then,a Partitioned Dynamic Window Approach(PDWA)is integrated for local planning,which is triggered when dynamic or sudden static obstacles appear,enabling real-time obstacle avoidance and path adjustment.A unified objective function is constructed,considering path length,safety,and smoothness comprehensively.Multiple simulation experiments are conducted on typical port grid maps.The results demonstrate that the improved SSA*significantly reduces the number of expanded nodes and computation time in static environmentswhile generating smoother and safer paths.Meanwhile,the PDWA exhibits strong real-time performance and robustness in dynamic scenarios,achieving shorter paths and lower planning times compared to other graph search algorithms.The proposedmethodmaintains stable performance across maps of different scales and various port scenarios,verifying its practicality and potential for wider application.展开更多
This study develops an event-triggered control strategy utilizing the fully actuated system approach for nonlinear interconnected large-scale systems containing actuator failures.First,to reduce the complexity of the ...This study develops an event-triggered control strategy utilizing the fully actuated system approach for nonlinear interconnected large-scale systems containing actuator failures.First,to reduce the complexity of the design process,we transform the studied system into the form of a fully actuated system through a state transformation.Then,to address the unknown nonlinear functions and actuator fault parameters,we employ neural networks and adaptive estimation techniques,respectively.Moreover,to reduce the control cost and improve the control efficiency,we introduce event-triggered inputs into the control strategy.It is proved by the Lyapunov stability analysis that all signals of the closed-loop system are bounded and the output of system eventually converge to a bounded region.The efficacy of the control approach is ultimately demonstrated via the simulation of an actual machine feeding system.展开更多
The 17 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)for 2030,adopted by all United Nations member states in 2015,are facing a range of challenges.Factors such as climate change,regional conflicts and economic recession are havi...The 17 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)for 2030,adopted by all United Nations member states in 2015,are facing a range of challenges.Factors such as climate change,regional conflicts and economic recession are having a significant impact,particularly on global poverty governance.As a platform for dialogue,exchange and technical cooperation,the 2025 International Seminar on Global Poverty Reduction Partnerships was held in Beijing on 10 December 2025.展开更多
The rapid identification of γ-emitting radionuclides with low activity levels in public areas is crucial for nuclear safety.However,classical methods rely on full-energy peaks in the integral spectrum,requiring suffi...The rapid identification of γ-emitting radionuclides with low activity levels in public areas is crucial for nuclear safety.However,classical methods rely on full-energy peaks in the integral spectrum,requiring sufficient count accumulation for evaluation,thereby limiting response time.The sequential Bayesian approach,which utilizes prior information and considers both photon energies and interarrival times,can significantly enhance the performance of radionuclides identification.This study proposes a theoretical optimization method for the traditional sequential Bayesian approach.Each photon is processed sequentially,and the corresponding posterior probability is updated in real time using a noninformative prior from the Bayesian theory.By comparing the posterior probabilities of the background and radionuclides based on the energy variance and time interval,the type of γ-rays can be identified(background characteristic γ-rays,Compton plateaus γ-rays,or radionuclide-specific characteristic γ-rays).By integrating the information from these multiple characteristic γ-rays,the presence and type of radionuclides were determined based on the final decision function and a set threshold.Based on theoretical research,verification experiments were conducted using a LaBr_(3)(Ce)detector in both low-and natural background radiation environments with typical radionuclides(^(137)Cs,^(60)Co,and ^(133)Ba).The results show that this approach can identify ^(137)Cs in 7.9 s and 8.5 s(source dose rate contribution:approximately 6.5×10^(−3)μGy/h),^(60)Co in 8.1 s and 9.8 s(approximately 4.8×10^(−2)μGy/h),and ^(133)Ba in 4.05 s and 5.99 s(approximately 3.4×10^(−2)μGy/h)under low and natural background radiation,respectively,with a miss rate below 0.01%.This demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach for fast radionuclides identification,even at low activity levels and highlights its potential for enhancing public safety in diverse radiation environments.展开更多
Disorders of consciousness(DoC),including coma,vegetative state,and minimally conscious state,present a spectrum of conditions characterized by impaired awareness and responsiveness due to severe brain injury.Conventi...Disorders of consciousness(DoC),including coma,vegetative state,and minimally conscious state,present a spectrum of conditions characterized by impaired awareness and responsiveness due to severe brain injury.Conventional interventions for DoC primarily focus on promoting conditions conducive to spontaneous neurological recovery including pharmacological treatments such as dopaminergic agents(e.g.,amantadine)and rehabilitative strategies including sensory stimulation programs and physical therapy.展开更多
Dear Editor,In this letter,we focus on the algebraic relationship between the coefficient matrices and the solution of the stochastic algebraic Riccati equation.It is revealed that,if the coefficient matrices are in a...Dear Editor,In this letter,we focus on the algebraic relationship between the coefficient matrices and the solution of the stochastic algebraic Riccati equation.It is revealed that,if the coefficient matrices are in an algebra,then the solution(and also the control gain in many cases)is also in the same algebra.The main result is verified by a numerical simulation.展开更多
Sydney Agreement for Higher Vocational Colleges is one of the most important accreditation standards in the internationalengineering education and engineering system, and outcome-based Education (OBE) is one of the ke...Sydney Agreement for Higher Vocational Colleges is one of the most important accreditation standards in the internationalengineering education and engineering system, and outcome-based Education (OBE) is one of the key concepts of the SydneyAgreement. In Outcome-based Education, learning outcomes refer to the teaching outcomes clearly displayed in the teachingprocess and after the completion of teaching. Outcome-based education is to use a comprehensive approach to organizing andoperating an education system. Therefore, the reform of Outcome-based Education in higher vocational colleges must also be asystematic improvement. In the process of constructing the quality assurance system of Higher Vocational Colleges in our country,we should clearly establish action-oriented learning outcomes rather than subject-oriented learning outcomes, and design our ownquality assurance system of higher vocational colleges based on this guiding ideology. Understanding the ideological origin ofoutcome-based education concept and its organizational mechanism of connotation, studying practical operation principles andpractical development are of great practical significance for rationally grasping the appropriateness of the localization of outcomebasededucation and promoting the quality and internationalization of higher vocational education.展开更多
Embedded system design is the core course of the telecommunication major in engineering universities,which combines software and hardware through embedded development boards.Aiming at the problems existing in traditio...Embedded system design is the core course of the telecommunication major in engineering universities,which combines software and hardware through embedded development boards.Aiming at the problems existing in traditional teaching,this paper proposes curriculum teaching reform based on the outcome-based education(OBE)concept,including determining course objectives,reforming teaching modes and methods,and improving the curriculum assessment and evaluation system.After two semesters of practice,this method not only enhances students’learning initiative but also improves teaching quality.展开更多
The Outcome-Based Education(OBE)educational concept,proposed by renowned American educator Spady,aims to guide students in mastering learning laws and ultimately achieving expected learning outcomes.The application of...The Outcome-Based Education(OBE)educational concept,proposed by renowned American educator Spady,aims to guide students in mastering learning laws and ultimately achieving expected learning outcomes.The application of OBE educational concept in Hospitality English curriculum not only can effectively enhance the learning effect but also promote the reform of the Hospitality English curriculum,thus improving students’learning enthusiasm.Therefore,taking the Hospitality English curriculum as an example,this paper points out the existing problems in the teaching of this course and suggests the reform measures based on the OBE teaching concept,hoping to provide guidelines for related educational work.展开更多
Continuously evolving teaching concepts and the adoption of diverse teaching methods have led to outcome-oriented education becoming a fundamental focus of teaching reform in colleges and universities.In this article,...Continuously evolving teaching concepts and the adoption of diverse teaching methods have led to outcome-oriented education becoming a fundamental focus of teaching reform in colleges and universities.In this article,the“Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing”course is used as an example to discuss the reform of education based on the concept of outcome-based education,with the purpose of improving students'learning outcomes and practical skills.展开更多
The course “Taishan Cultural Communication with the World” has been online and offline teaching and learning for two terms based on the theoretical ideas: Blended Learning and Outcome-Based Education. This paper use...The course “Taishan Cultural Communication with the World” has been online and offline teaching and learning for two terms based on the theoretical ideas: Blended Learning and Outcome-Based Education. This paper uses the data from one semester to state how to carry out the program and the good results. At the same time disadvantages are also the points that should be taken into consideration. From the teaching and learning practice, students have benefited from the online videos, complementary materials and discussions;they need to be guided as well, especially the guidance offline to make up. Furthermore, the balance of time online and offline is a great challenge.展开更多
The concept of OBE(outcome-based education)is more focused on designing and implementing teaching activities around expected learning outcomes than the traditional teaching model and enhancing the quality of education...The concept of OBE(outcome-based education)is more focused on designing and implementing teaching activities around expected learning outcomes than the traditional teaching model and enhancing the quality of education through clear and measurable learning outcomes,which has led to profound changes in the field of education.However,environmental design practice teaching faces a series of challenges in the implementation of the OBE concept,including the complexity of the assessment system,personalized learning and creative learning,and over-reliance on quantitative assessment.Therefore,in order to further deepen the professionalization of the OBE concept,we have conducted research on the design education practice models at home and abroad,explored the practice teaching models and their applications such as project system,studio model,practical internships,and technology-driven interdisciplinary integration,and took the practice innovative teaching models of Stanford d.school and Rhode Island School of Design(RISD)as examples to explore the characteristics of the curricula,cultivation modes,and the development of the environmental design professional practice teaching model.The characteristics of OBE and RISD are discussed to provide a global vision and local contextual reference for the practice teaching reform of environmental design majors.展开更多
This paper first analyzes the characteristics and current situation of the Advanced Mathematics course;secondly,it proposes a teaching model that integrates the outcome-based education(OBE)philosophy and blended teach...This paper first analyzes the characteristics and current situation of the Advanced Mathematics course;secondly,it proposes a teaching model that integrates the outcome-based education(OBE)philosophy and blended teaching method,reorganizing the teaching objectives,teaching content,and assessment evaluation process of the Advanced Mathematics course;lastly,through practice,it is proved that this approach can effectively improve students’mastery of course content,enhance students’ability to apply mathematical knowledge,and strengthen teaching effectiveness.展开更多
Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide,necessitating innovative diagnostic and prognostic strategies.Traditional biomarkers like C-reactive protein,uric acid,troponi...Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide,necessitating innovative diagnostic and prognostic strategies.Traditional biomarkers like C-reactive protein,uric acid,troponin,and natriuretic peptides play crucial roles in CVD management,yet they are often limited by sensitivity and specificity constraints.This narrative review critically examines the emerging landscape of cardiac biomarkers and advocates for a multiple-marker approach to enhance early detection,prognosis,and risk stratification of CVD.In recent years,several novel biomarkers have shown promise in revolutionizing CVD diagnostics.Gamma-glutamyltransferase,microRNAs,endothelial microparticles,placental growth factor,trimethylamine N-oxide,retinol-binding protein 4,copeptin,heart-type fatty acid-binding protein,galectin-3,growth differentiation factor-15,soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2,fibroblast growth factor 23,and adrenomedullin have emerged as significant indicators of CV health.These biomarkers provide insights into various pathophysiological processes,such as oxidative stress,endothelial dysfunction,inflammation,metabolic disturbances,and myocardial injury.The integration of these novel biomarkers with traditional ones offers a more comprehensive understanding of CVD mechanisms.This multiple-marker approach can improve diagnostic accuracy,allowing for better risk stratification and more personalized treatment strategies.This review underscores the need for continued research to validate the clinical utility of these biomarkers and their potential incorporation into routine clinical practice.By leveraging the strengths of both traditional and novel biomarkers,precise therapeutic plans can be developed,thereby improving the management and prognosis of patients with CVDs.The ongoing exploration and validation of these biomarkers are crucial for advancing CV care and addressing the limitations of current diagnostic tools.展开更多
BACKGROUND The surgical treatment of pelvic fractures is challenging,particularly after lum-bosacral plexus injuries.Such impairments affect a patient's physiological function and can cause significant mental heal...BACKGROUND The surgical treatment of pelvic fractures is challenging,particularly after lum-bosacral plexus injuries.Such impairments affect a patient's physiological function and can cause significant mental health problems.In recent years,the new transrectus lateral approach has favorably treated pelvic fractures and possibly preserved patients'physiological and psychological conditions.There-fore,investigating its clinical efficacy for treating pelvic fractures plus lum-bosacral plexus injuries is of great clinical significance.AIM To investigate the clinical effect of the transrectus lateral approach on pelvic fractures complicated by lumbosacral plexus injuries as well as anxiety and depression.METHODS Data of 136 patients with pelvic fractures complicated by lumbosacral plexus injuries treated by the transrectus lateral approach(January 2011 to May 2024)were retrospectively analyzed.The patients'general data were collected via questionnaire.The Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)were used to assess anxiety and depression,respectively.We adopted a numerical rating scale(NRS)to evaluate pain degree,the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)to assess sleep quality,and Medical Research Council(MRC)Scale for Muscle Strength to evaluate treatment efficacy and complications.RESULTS The 136 included patients(92 male,44 female)were a mean 48.02±15.72 years old.The mean SAS score was 66.36±5.15 preoperatively vs 42.15±4.36 postoperatively,while the mean SDS score was 65.61±5.02 preoperatively vs 43.83±4.54 postoperatively,showing statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The mean NRS and PSQI scores were significantly lower pre-vs postoperatively(P<0.05).Postoperatively,67 patients with fresh pelvic fractures plus nerve injuries achieved an MRC of M5,22 achieved an M1-M4,and four achieved an M0.Postoperative motor function improved by a mean 4.20 grades(scale,0-5).Among the patients with old pelvic fractures and nerve injuries,19 achieved an M5,16 achieved an M1-M4,and eight achieved an M0.Motor function improved significantly by a mean 3.30 grades(scale,0-5;P<0.05).No serious postoperative complications occurred.CONCLUSION The transrectus lateral approach to treating pelvic fractures plus lumbosacral plexus injuries can safely alleviate anxiety and depression,relieve pain,improve sleep quality,reduce intraoperative blood loss,and improve postoperative recovery.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Due to the increasing rate of thyroid nodules diagnosis,and the desire to avoid the unsightly cervical scar,remote thyroidectomies were invented and are increasingly performed.Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach and trans-areolar approaches(TAA)are the two most commonly used remote approaches.No previous meta-analysis has compared postoperative infections and swallowing difficulties among the two procedures.AIM To compared the same among patients undergoing lobectomy for unilateral thyroid carcinoma/benign thyroid nodule.METHODS We searched PubMed MEDLINE,Google Scholar,and Cochrane Library from the date of the first published article up to August 2025.The term used were transoral thyroidectomy vestibular approach,trans areolar thyroidectomy,scarless thyroidectomy,remote thyroidectomy,infections,postoperative,inflammation,dysphagia,and swallowing difficulties.We identified 130 studies,of them,30 full texts were screened and only six studies were included in the final meta-analysis.RESULTS Postoperative infections were not different between the two approaches,odd ratio=1.33,95%confidence interval:0.50-3.53,theχ2 was 1.92 and the P-value for overall effect of 0.57.Similarly,transient swallowing difficulty was not different between the two forms of surgery,with odd ratio=0.91,95%confidence interval:0.35-2.40;theχ2 was 1.32,and the P-value for overall effect of 0.85.CONCLUSION No significant statistical differences were evident between trans-oral endoscopic Mirghani H.Infections and swallowing difficulty in scarless thyroidectomy WJCC https://www.wjgnet.com 2 January 6,2026 Volume 14 Issue 1 thyroidectomy vestibular approach and trans-areolar approach regarding postoperative infection and transient swallowing difficulties.Further longer randomized trials are needed.
基金supported by Key R&D Program(Soft Science Project)of Shandong Province,China(No.2020CXGC011502)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62273043 and 62103049).
文摘This paper addresses the three-dimensional(3-D)approach angle constrained cooperative guidance problem for speed-varying missiles against maneuvering targets.First,the guidance problem is formulated in a relative reference frame and a virtual control input is selected.Then,the cooperative guidance law is designed on the basis of a prediction-correction framework.The time-to-go under the baseline command is estimated by an efficient prediction method with a realistic aerodynamic model and a biased command is developed by utilizing the time-to-go predictions for synchronizing different missiles'impact times.The design of the biased command is decoupled into the individual design of its direction and magnitude.It is proved that the designed cooperative guidance law can make the time-to-go consensus error converge to zero before interception.Finally,the designed guidance law is validated through a series of numerical simulations.
基金the financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U2202255)the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2024JJ2076)the Key Research and Development Program of Ningbo,China(No.2023Z092)。
文摘A Cu-1.9Ni-1.9Co-0.9Si(mass fraction,%)alloy with high strength and electrical conductivity was designed by cluster formula approach.The microstructure evolution of the alloy during thermomechanical treatment was systematically investigated.The strengthening mechanism and electrical conductivity of the alloy were discussed in detail.The optimal thermomechanical treatment process was as follows:solid solution→80%cold rolling→(450℃,4 h)aging→50%cold rolling→(400℃,4 h)aging.The designed alloy achieved excellent comprehensive properties with a microhardness of HV 260,a yield strength of 843 MPa,a tensile strength of 884 MPa,and an electrical conductivity of 42.6%(IACS).Compared to direct aging treatment,the designed alloy subjected to multi-stage thermomechanical treatment had refined grains,high density of dislocations,and accelerated of precipitation of(Ni,Co)_(2)Si precipitates.High strength was mainly attributed to the combined effect of dislocation strengthening,work hardening and sub-grain strengthening,while good electrical conductivity was maintained through the precipitation of the large number of nanoparticles.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2402400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82027803,62275062)+7 种基金the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Optical Imaging Technology(2020B121201010)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee under Grant(JCYJ20220818101417039)the Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular lmaging(ZDSY20130401165820357)the Shenzhen Medical Research Fund(D2404002)the Project of Shandong Innovation and Startup Community of High-end Medical Apparatus and Instruments(2023-SGTTXM-002 and 2024-SGTTXM-005)the Shandong Province Technology Innovation Guidance Plan(Central Leading Local Science and Technology Development Fund)(YDZX2023115)the Taishan Scholar Special Funding Project of Shandong Provinceand the Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials and Medical Devices in Weihai(ZL202402).
文摘The photoacoustic imaging of lipid is intrinsically constrained by the feeble nature of endogenous lipid signals,posing a persistent sensitivity challenge that demands innovative solutions.Although adopting high-efficiency excitation and detection elements may improve the imaging sensitivity to a certain extent,the application of the elements is inevitably subject to various limitations in practical applications,particularly during in vivo imaging and endoscopic imaging.In this study,we propose a multi-combinatorial approach to enhance the sensitivity of lipid photoacoustic imaging.The approach involves wavelet transform processing of one-dimensional A-line signals,gradient-based denoising of two-dimensional B-scan images,and finally,threedimensional spatial weighted averaging of the data processed by the previous two steps.This method not only significantly improves the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)in distinguished feature regions of the image by around 10 dB,but also efficiently extracts weak signals with no distinct features in the original image.After processing with this method,the images acquired under single scanning were compared with those obtained under multiple scanning.The results showed highly consistent image features,with the structural similarity index increasing from 0.2 to 0.8,confirming the accuracy and reliability of the multi-combinatorial approach.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 12171158,12371474 and 12571510]Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities[grant number 2025ECNU-WLJC006].
文摘This work contributes to the theoretical foundation for pricing in data markets and offers practical insights for managing digital data exchanges in the era of big data.We propose a structured pricing model for data exchanges transitioning from quasi-public to marketoriented operations.To address the complex dynamics among data exchanges,suppliers,and consumers,the authors develop a threestage Stackelberg game framework.In this model,the data exchange acts as a leader setting transaction commission rates,suppliers are intermediate leaders determining unit prices,and consumers are followers making purchasing decisions.Two pricing strategies are examined:the Independent Pricing Approach(IPA)and the novel Perfectly Competitive Pricing Approach(PCPA),which accounts for competition among data providers.Using backward induction,the study derives subgame-perfect equilibria and proves the existence and uniqueness of Stackelberg equilibria under both approaches.Extensive numerical simulations are carried out in the model,demonstrating that PCPA enhances data demander utility,encourages supplier competition,increases transaction volume,and improves the overall profitability and sustainability of data exchanges.Social welfare analysis further confirms PCPA’s superiority in promoting efficient and fair data markets.
文摘With the rapid development of intelligent navigation technology,efficient and safe path planning for mobile robots has become a core requirement.To address the challenges of complex dynamic environments,this paper proposes an intelligent path planning framework based on grid map modeling.First,an improved Safe and Smooth A*(SSA*)algorithm is employed for global path planning.By incorporating obstacle expansion and cornerpoint optimization,the proposed SSA*enhances the safety and smoothness of the planned path.Then,a Partitioned Dynamic Window Approach(PDWA)is integrated for local planning,which is triggered when dynamic or sudden static obstacles appear,enabling real-time obstacle avoidance and path adjustment.A unified objective function is constructed,considering path length,safety,and smoothness comprehensively.Multiple simulation experiments are conducted on typical port grid maps.The results demonstrate that the improved SSA*significantly reduces the number of expanded nodes and computation time in static environmentswhile generating smoother and safer paths.Meanwhile,the PDWA exhibits strong real-time performance and robustness in dynamic scenarios,achieving shorter paths and lower planning times compared to other graph search algorithms.The proposedmethodmaintains stable performance across maps of different scales and various port scenarios,verifying its practicality and potential for wider application.
基金supported by the Science Center Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62188101the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62573265.
文摘This study develops an event-triggered control strategy utilizing the fully actuated system approach for nonlinear interconnected large-scale systems containing actuator failures.First,to reduce the complexity of the design process,we transform the studied system into the form of a fully actuated system through a state transformation.Then,to address the unknown nonlinear functions and actuator fault parameters,we employ neural networks and adaptive estimation techniques,respectively.Moreover,to reduce the control cost and improve the control efficiency,we introduce event-triggered inputs into the control strategy.It is proved by the Lyapunov stability analysis that all signals of the closed-loop system are bounded and the output of system eventually converge to a bounded region.The efficacy of the control approach is ultimately demonstrated via the simulation of an actual machine feeding system.
文摘The 17 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)for 2030,adopted by all United Nations member states in 2015,are facing a range of challenges.Factors such as climate change,regional conflicts and economic recession are having a significant impact,particularly on global poverty governance.As a platform for dialogue,exchange and technical cooperation,the 2025 International Seminar on Global Poverty Reduction Partnerships was held in Beijing on 10 December 2025.
基金supported by the Program for NIM-Basic Research Business Expenses Key Field Program,China(No.AKYCX2315).
文摘The rapid identification of γ-emitting radionuclides with low activity levels in public areas is crucial for nuclear safety.However,classical methods rely on full-energy peaks in the integral spectrum,requiring sufficient count accumulation for evaluation,thereby limiting response time.The sequential Bayesian approach,which utilizes prior information and considers both photon energies and interarrival times,can significantly enhance the performance of radionuclides identification.This study proposes a theoretical optimization method for the traditional sequential Bayesian approach.Each photon is processed sequentially,and the corresponding posterior probability is updated in real time using a noninformative prior from the Bayesian theory.By comparing the posterior probabilities of the background and radionuclides based on the energy variance and time interval,the type of γ-rays can be identified(background characteristic γ-rays,Compton plateaus γ-rays,or radionuclide-specific characteristic γ-rays).By integrating the information from these multiple characteristic γ-rays,the presence and type of radionuclides were determined based on the final decision function and a set threshold.Based on theoretical research,verification experiments were conducted using a LaBr_(3)(Ce)detector in both low-and natural background radiation environments with typical radionuclides(^(137)Cs,^(60)Co,and ^(133)Ba).The results show that this approach can identify ^(137)Cs in 7.9 s and 8.5 s(source dose rate contribution:approximately 6.5×10^(−3)μGy/h),^(60)Co in 8.1 s and 9.8 s(approximately 4.8×10^(−2)μGy/h),and ^(133)Ba in 4.05 s and 5.99 s(approximately 3.4×10^(−2)μGy/h)under low and natural background radiation,respectively,with a miss rate below 0.01%.This demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach for fast radionuclides identification,even at low activity levels and highlights its potential for enhancing public safety in diverse radiation environments.
文摘Disorders of consciousness(DoC),including coma,vegetative state,and minimally conscious state,present a spectrum of conditions characterized by impaired awareness and responsiveness due to severe brain injury.Conventional interventions for DoC primarily focus on promoting conditions conducive to spontaneous neurological recovery including pharmacological treatments such as dopaminergic agents(e.g.,amantadine)and rehabilitative strategies including sensory stimulation programs and physical therapy.
文摘Dear Editor,In this letter,we focus on the algebraic relationship between the coefficient matrices and the solution of the stochastic algebraic Riccati equation.It is revealed that,if the coefficient matrices are in an algebra,then the solution(and also the control gain in many cases)is also in the same algebra.The main result is verified by a numerical simulation.
文摘Sydney Agreement for Higher Vocational Colleges is one of the most important accreditation standards in the internationalengineering education and engineering system, and outcome-based Education (OBE) is one of the key concepts of the SydneyAgreement. In Outcome-based Education, learning outcomes refer to the teaching outcomes clearly displayed in the teachingprocess and after the completion of teaching. Outcome-based education is to use a comprehensive approach to organizing andoperating an education system. Therefore, the reform of Outcome-based Education in higher vocational colleges must also be asystematic improvement. In the process of constructing the quality assurance system of Higher Vocational Colleges in our country,we should clearly establish action-oriented learning outcomes rather than subject-oriented learning outcomes, and design our ownquality assurance system of higher vocational colleges based on this guiding ideology. Understanding the ideological origin ofoutcome-based education concept and its organizational mechanism of connotation, studying practical operation principles andpractical development are of great practical significance for rationally grasping the appropriateness of the localization of outcomebasededucation and promoting the quality and internationalization of higher vocational education.
基金This paper is one of the phased achievements of the Education and Teaching Reform Project of Guangdong University of Petrochemical Engineering in 2022(71013413080)the Research and Practice Project of Teaching and Teaching Reform of University-Level Higher Vocational Education in 2023(JY202353).
文摘Embedded system design is the core course of the telecommunication major in engineering universities,which combines software and hardware through embedded development boards.Aiming at the problems existing in traditional teaching,this paper proposes curriculum teaching reform based on the outcome-based education(OBE)concept,including determining course objectives,reforming teaching modes and methods,and improving the curriculum assessment and evaluation system.After two semesters of practice,this method not only enhances students’learning initiative but also improves teaching quality.
基金This article is a research result of the key project of teaching reform in higher vocational education in Heilongjiang Province,“Research on the Construction and Practice of English Major Courses in the Integrated Training Model for Middle and High-Level Vocational Education under the OBE Perspective”(Project number:SJGZZ20220035).
文摘The Outcome-Based Education(OBE)educational concept,proposed by renowned American educator Spady,aims to guide students in mastering learning laws and ultimately achieving expected learning outcomes.The application of OBE educational concept in Hospitality English curriculum not only can effectively enhance the learning effect but also promote the reform of the Hospitality English curriculum,thus improving students’learning enthusiasm.Therefore,taking the Hospitality English curriculum as an example,this paper points out the existing problems in the teaching of this course and suggests the reform measures based on the OBE teaching concept,hoping to provide guidelines for related educational work.
文摘Continuously evolving teaching concepts and the adoption of diverse teaching methods have led to outcome-oriented education becoming a fundamental focus of teaching reform in colleges and universities.In this article,the“Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing”course is used as an example to discuss the reform of education based on the concept of outcome-based education,with the purpose of improving students'learning outcomes and practical skills.
文摘The course “Taishan Cultural Communication with the World” has been online and offline teaching and learning for two terms based on the theoretical ideas: Blended Learning and Outcome-Based Education. This paper uses the data from one semester to state how to carry out the program and the good results. At the same time disadvantages are also the points that should be taken into consideration. From the teaching and learning practice, students have benefited from the online videos, complementary materials and discussions;they need to be guided as well, especially the guidance offline to make up. Furthermore, the balance of time online and offline is a great challenge.
基金Chongqing Engineering Institute’s Educational Reform Project“Research on the Reform of the Practical Teaching Curriculum System of Environmental Design Based on the OBE Concept”(Project number:JY2023209)The First-Class Curriculum Construction Project of Rural Landscape Design and Practice in 2023(Project number:KC20230122)。
文摘The concept of OBE(outcome-based education)is more focused on designing and implementing teaching activities around expected learning outcomes than the traditional teaching model and enhancing the quality of education through clear and measurable learning outcomes,which has led to profound changes in the field of education.However,environmental design practice teaching faces a series of challenges in the implementation of the OBE concept,including the complexity of the assessment system,personalized learning and creative learning,and over-reliance on quantitative assessment.Therefore,in order to further deepen the professionalization of the OBE concept,we have conducted research on the design education practice models at home and abroad,explored the practice teaching models and their applications such as project system,studio model,practical internships,and technology-driven interdisciplinary integration,and took the practice innovative teaching models of Stanford d.school and Rhode Island School of Design(RISD)as examples to explore the characteristics of the curricula,cultivation modes,and the development of the environmental design professional practice teaching model.The characteristics of OBE and RISD are discussed to provide a global vision and local contextual reference for the practice teaching reform of environmental design majors.
文摘This paper first analyzes the characteristics and current situation of the Advanced Mathematics course;secondly,it proposes a teaching model that integrates the outcome-based education(OBE)philosophy and blended teaching method,reorganizing the teaching objectives,teaching content,and assessment evaluation process of the Advanced Mathematics course;lastly,through practice,it is proved that this approach can effectively improve students’mastery of course content,enhance students’ability to apply mathematical knowledge,and strengthen teaching effectiveness.
文摘Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide,necessitating innovative diagnostic and prognostic strategies.Traditional biomarkers like C-reactive protein,uric acid,troponin,and natriuretic peptides play crucial roles in CVD management,yet they are often limited by sensitivity and specificity constraints.This narrative review critically examines the emerging landscape of cardiac biomarkers and advocates for a multiple-marker approach to enhance early detection,prognosis,and risk stratification of CVD.In recent years,several novel biomarkers have shown promise in revolutionizing CVD diagnostics.Gamma-glutamyltransferase,microRNAs,endothelial microparticles,placental growth factor,trimethylamine N-oxide,retinol-binding protein 4,copeptin,heart-type fatty acid-binding protein,galectin-3,growth differentiation factor-15,soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2,fibroblast growth factor 23,and adrenomedullin have emerged as significant indicators of CV health.These biomarkers provide insights into various pathophysiological processes,such as oxidative stress,endothelial dysfunction,inflammation,metabolic disturbances,and myocardial injury.The integration of these novel biomarkers with traditional ones offers a more comprehensive understanding of CVD mechanisms.This multiple-marker approach can improve diagnostic accuracy,allowing for better risk stratification and more personalized treatment strategies.This review underscores the need for continued research to validate the clinical utility of these biomarkers and their potential incorporation into routine clinical practice.By leveraging the strengths of both traditional and novel biomarkers,precise therapeutic plans can be developed,thereby improving the management and prognosis of patients with CVDs.The ongoing exploration and validation of these biomarkers are crucial for advancing CV care and addressing the limitations of current diagnostic tools.
基金Supported by National Key Research and Development Plan,No.2022YFC2504303National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82072411+1 种基金Guangzhou Area Clinical High-tech and Major Technology Projects,No.2024PL-GX11Internal Medicine Research Fund Project of Huadu District People's Hospital,Guangzhou(Excellent Youth Project),No.2020B06.
文摘BACKGROUND The surgical treatment of pelvic fractures is challenging,particularly after lum-bosacral plexus injuries.Such impairments affect a patient's physiological function and can cause significant mental health problems.In recent years,the new transrectus lateral approach has favorably treated pelvic fractures and possibly preserved patients'physiological and psychological conditions.There-fore,investigating its clinical efficacy for treating pelvic fractures plus lum-bosacral plexus injuries is of great clinical significance.AIM To investigate the clinical effect of the transrectus lateral approach on pelvic fractures complicated by lumbosacral plexus injuries as well as anxiety and depression.METHODS Data of 136 patients with pelvic fractures complicated by lumbosacral plexus injuries treated by the transrectus lateral approach(January 2011 to May 2024)were retrospectively analyzed.The patients'general data were collected via questionnaire.The Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)were used to assess anxiety and depression,respectively.We adopted a numerical rating scale(NRS)to evaluate pain degree,the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)to assess sleep quality,and Medical Research Council(MRC)Scale for Muscle Strength to evaluate treatment efficacy and complications.RESULTS The 136 included patients(92 male,44 female)were a mean 48.02±15.72 years old.The mean SAS score was 66.36±5.15 preoperatively vs 42.15±4.36 postoperatively,while the mean SDS score was 65.61±5.02 preoperatively vs 43.83±4.54 postoperatively,showing statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The mean NRS and PSQI scores were significantly lower pre-vs postoperatively(P<0.05).Postoperatively,67 patients with fresh pelvic fractures plus nerve injuries achieved an MRC of M5,22 achieved an M1-M4,and four achieved an M0.Postoperative motor function improved by a mean 4.20 grades(scale,0-5).Among the patients with old pelvic fractures and nerve injuries,19 achieved an M5,16 achieved an M1-M4,and eight achieved an M0.Motor function improved significantly by a mean 3.30 grades(scale,0-5;P<0.05).No serious postoperative complications occurred.CONCLUSION The transrectus lateral approach to treating pelvic fractures plus lumbosacral plexus injuries can safely alleviate anxiety and depression,relieve pain,improve sleep quality,reduce intraoperative blood loss,and improve postoperative recovery.
