Flowering time(or heading date)is a crucial agronomic trait for the adaptation of rice to specific growing regions and seasons.Although many flowering time-related rice genes have been identified and functionally char...Flowering time(or heading date)is a crucial agronomic trait for the adaptation of rice to specific growing regions and seasons.Although many flowering time-related rice genes have been identified and functionally characterized,continuing in-depth research is revealing how transcription of these genes is regulated.In this study,we determined that a basic leucine zipper transcription factor(OsbZIP40)and its homologous protein(OsbZIP12)participate in the control of flowering time.Overexpression of OsbZIP40 delayed flowering.Double mutants in which both OsbZIP40 and OsbZIP12 were knocked out exhibited an early-flowering phenotype under both long-day and short-day conditions.However,there was no difference in the heading date between the wild-type and each single mutant.These results suggest that OsbZIP40 functions as a flowering suppressor.Both OsbZIP40 and OsbZIP12 bound directly to the Ehd1 promoter and repressed its expression.Furthermore,MOTHER OF FT AND TFL1(Os MFT1)interacted with OsbZIP40/OsbZIP12 and enhanced their repressive effects on Ehd1 expression.Based on the data,we present a transcriptional regulatory mechanism in which OsbZIP40 and OsbZIP12 interact with Os MFT1 and modulate Ehd1 expression to delay flowering.Our findings provide relevant insights into the molecular mechanisms regulating flowering time in rice.展开更多
The basic region/leucine zipper(bZIP)transcription factors play important roles in plant development and responses to abiotic and biotic stresses.OsbZIP53 regulates resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae in rice by analyzin...The basic region/leucine zipper(bZIP)transcription factors play important roles in plant development and responses to abiotic and biotic stresses.OsbZIP53 regulates resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae in rice by analyzing APIP5-RNAi transgenic plants.To further investigate the biological functions of OsbZIP53,we generated osbzip53 mutants using CRISPR/Cas9 editing and also constructed OsbZIP53 over-expression transgenic plants.Comprehensive analysis of phenotypical,physiological,and transcriptional data showed that knocking-out OsbZIP53 not only improved disease resistance by inducing a hypersensitivity response in plants,but also regulated the immune response through the salicylic acid pathway.Specifically,disrupting OsbZIP53 increased H2O2 accumulation by promoting reactive oxygen species generation through up-regulation of several respiratory burst oxidase homologs(Osrboh genes)and weakened H2O2 degradation by directly targeting OsMYBS1.In addition,the growth of osbzip53 mutants was seriously impaired,while OsbZIP53 over-expression lines displayed a similar phenotype to the wild type,suggesting that OsbZIP53 has a balancing effect on rice immune response and growth.展开更多
Rice is a major crop susceptible to chilling stress.The identification of quantitative trait loci and genes for cold tolerance is crucial for the rice breeding.Of 30 quantitative-trait loci affecting seedling cold tol...Rice is a major crop susceptible to chilling stress.The identification of quantitative trait loci and genes for cold tolerance is crucial for the rice breeding.Of 30 quantitative-trait loci affecting seedling cold tolerance identified in a genome-wide association study of 540 rice accessions,OsbZIP72 was assigned as the causative gene for one,qCTS9.1.A single-nucleotide polymorphism in its promoter accounted for variation in expression between indica and japonica subspecies.The favorable haplotype of OsbZIP72 originated in wild rice and contributed to the expansion of japonica rice to colder habitats.OsbZIP72 positively regulates genes coding reactive oxygen species(ROS)-scavenging proteins and maintains intracellular ROS homeostasis.These findings not only enhanced our understanding of environmental adaptation but also provide novel genetic resources and potential targets for molecular design breeding for cold tolerance in rice.展开更多
As the‘Green Revolution’gene,SD1(encoding GA20ox2),has been widely applied to improve yield in rice breeding.However,research on its transcriptional regulation is limited.Here,we identified a transcription factor Os...As the‘Green Revolution’gene,SD1(encoding GA20ox2),has been widely applied to improve yield in rice breeding.However,research on its transcriptional regulation is limited.Here,we identified a transcription factor OsbZIP01,which can suppress the expression of SD1 and regulate gibberellin(GA)biosynthesis in rice.Knockout mutants of OsbZIP01 exhibited increased plant height,while the overexpression lines showed a semi-dwarf phenotype and diminished germination rate.Furthermore,the semi-dwarf phenotype of OE-bZIP01,was caused by the reduced internode length,which was accompanied by a thin stem width.The predominant expression of OsbZIP01 was observed in leaves and sheaths.OsbZIP01 protein was localized in the nucleus and showed transcriptional repression activity.In addition,OsbZIP01 could directly bind to the promoter of the OsSD1 gene,and inhibit its transcription.The semi-dwarf phenotype of OE-bZIP01 could be rescued by exogenous GA_(3).Meanwhile,the bzip01 sd1 double mutant showed a shorter shoot length compared with the wild type,indicating that OsbZIP01 regulated plant growth mainly through the GA biosynthesis pathway.Collectively,OsbZIP01 negatively regulates GA biosynthesis by restraining SD1 transcription,thereby affecting plant growth and development.展开更多
Grain chalkiness,an undesirable trait caused by complex factors,has great negative impacts on the quality and economic value of rice.However,little is known about the regulatory mechanism of grain chalkiness,particula...Grain chalkiness,an undesirable trait caused by complex factors,has great negative impacts on the quality and economic value of rice.However,little is known about the regulatory mechanism of grain chalkiness,particularly the effect of endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress.Here,a genome-wide association study(GWAS)reveals that the transcription factor Osb ZIP60 is a vital regulator of rice grain chalkiness.Genetic analysis demonstrates that knockout of Osb ZIP60 results in extremely high grain chalkiness and aberrant structure of storage substances.Notably,the expression of unfolded protein response(UPR)genes,such as OsbZIP50,Os Bi P1,Os Bi P2 and Os Bi P3,is up-regulated in the endosperm cells of osbzip60,and overexpression of all these UPR genes causes various degrees of chalkiness.Furthermore,Osb ZIP60 is found to activate the expression of key genes related to grain chalkiness,such as GPA3,FSE1,FLO7,Chalk5,Os NF-YB1,and Os PK2,whose expression is significantly suppressed in osbzip60 and overexpression lines of Osb ZIP50,Os Bi P1,Os Bi P2,and Os Bi P3.Our study provides novel insights into the function of Osb ZIP60 and the role of the UPR pathway in the formation of grain chalkiness in rice.展开更多
We successfully identified a novel and unique OsbZIP transcription factor,OsbZIP09,whose mutants exhibited longer seeds and less severe pre-harvest sprouting than the wild type,but shared similar germination rate as t...We successfully identified a novel and unique OsbZIP transcription factor,OsbZIP09,whose mutants exhibited longer seeds and less severe pre-harvest sprouting than the wild type,but shared similar germination rate as the wild type under normal germination conditions.The expression of OsbZIP09 was induced by abscisic acid(ABA)and declined as the germination process.As a nucleus-localized transcription factor,the conserved binding motif of OsbZIP09 was identified via DNA affinity purification sequencing technique.Further evidences indicated that OsbZIP09 directly enhanced the expression of ABA catabolism gene ABA8ox1,thus reducing ABA accumulation.In addition,OsbZIP09 also directly bound to the promoter of LEA3 gene to inhibit its expression,thus further alleviating the suppressive effect of ABA on seed germination.These results demonstrated that OsbZIP09 likely functions as a brake of the ABA pathway to attenuate the inhibitory effect of ABA on rice seed germination via dual strategies.展开更多
Plant height is an important morphological trait that affects crop yield.Several genes related to plant height and yield have been reported in rice(Oryza sativa L.),however,the molecular mechanism underlying the regul...Plant height is an important morphological trait that affects crop yield.Several genes related to plant height and yield have been reported in rice(Oryza sativa L.),however,the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of these traits is still not completely understood.VP64 is widely used as a transcriptional activator to investigate the biological function of genes encoding transcription factors.Here,we identified a novel bZIP transcription factor OsbZIP62 that is involved in modulating agronomic traits in rice.Overexpression of OsbZIP62-VP64(OsbZIP62V)significantly increases the plant height and yield per plant in rice.RNA-seq analysis showed that some plant height and panicle development related genes(i.e.,OsEATB,OsDSS1 and OsGA3ox2)were up-regulated in OsbZIP62V overexpressing rice plants.Besides,OsbZIP62 could also bind to the promoters of several putative target genes.These results suggested that OsbZIP62 plays a role as transcriptional regulator in regulating the expression of genes associated with agronomic traits,and OsbZIP62 fused with VP64 would be useful in crop genetic modification with improved plant architecture and yield.展开更多
Low-temperature(LT)stress is a significant abiotic stress in rice growth,especially under direct seeding cultivation,where low temperatures can significantly affect seed germination and seedling growth of direct-seede...Low-temperature(LT)stress is a significant abiotic stress in rice growth,especially under direct seeding cultivation,where low temperatures can significantly affect seed germination and seedling growth of direct-seeded rice,thereby impacting the final yield of rice.In this study,we have identified a trehalose synthesis pathway gene,trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase 3(Os TPP3),involved in the regulation of low-temperature(LT)germination in rice,as well as its upstream regulatory factor,the ABA signaling pathway gene OsbZIP23.LT stress induced the accumulation of ABA by upregulating the expression of Os NCED3.Consistently,the overexpression of Os NCED3 significantly inhibited seed germination under LT.RT-q PCR experiments found that the expression of OsbZIP23 was also significantly induced under LT stress and ABA treatment.Overexpression of OsbZIP23 has increased the sensitivity to LT stress of rice seed,resembling the phenotype of Os NCED3 overexpressing seeds.Furthermore,both LT stress and exogenous ABA treatment increased the trehalose content in WT seeds by upregulating the expression of Os TPP3.Enhancing the expression of Os TPP3 or application of exogenous trehalose have significantly increased the sensitivity to LT stress during seed germination.Transcriptional activation and yeast one-hybrid assays demonstrated that OsbZIP23 bound to the promoter of Os TPP3 and activated its expression,which was intensified by LT stress or the application of ABA.Our study discovered an ABAdependent OsbZIP23–Os TPP3 module that responds to LT stress,inhibiting seed germination under LT conditions by increasing trehalose accumulation,thus might balance the growth and stress resistance and provide a new insight into the genetic improvement of rice cultivars with better LT germination performance.展开更多
Regulation of seed size is a key strategy for improving crop yield and is also a basic biological question.However,the molecular mechanisms by which plants determine their seed size remain elusive.Here,we report that ...Regulation of seed size is a key strategy for improving crop yield and is also a basic biological question.However,the molecular mechanisms by which plants determine their seed size remain elusive.Here,we report that the GW2-WG1-OsbZIP47 regulatory module controls grain width and weight in rice.WG1,which encodes a glutaredoxin protein,promotes grain growth by increasing cell proliferation.Interestingly,WG1 interacts with the transcription factor OsbZIP47 and represses its transcriptional activity by associating with the transcriptional co-repressor ASP1,indicating that WG1 may act as an adaptor protein to recruit the transcriptional co-repressor.In contrary,OsbZIP47 restricts grain growth by decreasing cell proliferation.Further studies reveal that the E3 ubiquitin ligase GW2 ubiquitinates WG1 and targets it for degradation.Genetic analyses confirm that GW2,WG1,and OsbZIP47 function in a comm on pathway to control grain growth.Taken together,ourfindi ngs reveal a genetic and molecular framework for the control of grain size and weight by the GW2-WG1-OsbZIP47 regulatory module,providing new targets for improving seed size and weight in crops.展开更多
The basic leucine zipper(bZIP)is an important class of transcription factors in plants,playing a critical role in plant growth and development and responses to biotic and abiotic stress.Due to gene presence/absence va...The basic leucine zipper(bZIP)is an important class of transcription factors in plants,playing a critical role in plant growth and development and responses to biotic and abiotic stress.Due to gene presence/absence variations,it is limited to identify bZIP genes based on the reference genome.Therefore,we performed the bZIP gene family analysis in the rice pan-genome.By employing a rice pan-genome,ninety-four OsbZIPs(72 core genes and 22 variable genes)were identified and divided into 11 groups in a phylogenetic tree.Based upon Ka/Ks values in 33 accessions,OsbZIPs were subjected to different selection pressures during domestication.The analysis of the effects of structural variations(SVs)on gene expression,gene structure,and conserved domains showed that SVs could significantly alter the expression levels of certain OsbZIPs,leading to gene truncation and the emergence of numerous atypical genes.Thirty-four differentially expressed OsbZIPs were identified by analyzing RNA-seq data of the Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae(Xoo)infection susceptible(IR24)and resistant(IRBB67)lines under high temperature,and by counting the number of differentially expressed OsbZIPs in different subgroups.These Osb-ZIPs were found to respond to Xoo infection at an early stage and may not be involved in the mechanism of Xa4 and Xa7 resistance to Xoo.The multiple variation patterns of OsbZIP genes provide new insights into the OsbZIP genes in rice.These results provide new resources and offer new directions for functional studies of OsbZIPs.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFE0103400)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20230013)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32100259)the Program of Jiangsu Province Government(JBGS[2021]001-1-2)the Program of Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory(ZSBBLKY2023-01)the PAPD Program from Jiangsu Government。
文摘Flowering time(or heading date)is a crucial agronomic trait for the adaptation of rice to specific growing regions and seasons.Although many flowering time-related rice genes have been identified and functionally characterized,continuing in-depth research is revealing how transcription of these genes is regulated.In this study,we determined that a basic leucine zipper transcription factor(OsbZIP40)and its homologous protein(OsbZIP12)participate in the control of flowering time.Overexpression of OsbZIP40 delayed flowering.Double mutants in which both OsbZIP40 and OsbZIP12 were knocked out exhibited an early-flowering phenotype under both long-day and short-day conditions.However,there was no difference in the heading date between the wild-type and each single mutant.These results suggest that OsbZIP40 functions as a flowering suppressor.Both OsbZIP40 and OsbZIP12 bound directly to the Ehd1 promoter and repressed its expression.Furthermore,MOTHER OF FT AND TFL1(Os MFT1)interacted with OsbZIP40/OsbZIP12 and enhanced their repressive effects on Ehd1 expression.Based on the data,we present a transcriptional regulatory mechanism in which OsbZIP40 and OsbZIP12 interact with Os MFT1 and modulate Ehd1 expression to delay flowering.Our findings provide relevant insights into the molecular mechanisms regulating flowering time in rice.
基金the Zhejiang Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant No.LY21C130004)the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province,China(Grant No.2021C02056-3)+1 种基金the Central Public-Interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund,China(Grant No.CPSIBRF-CNRRI-202202)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program,China(Grant No.CAASASTIP-2021-CNRRI).
文摘The basic region/leucine zipper(bZIP)transcription factors play important roles in plant development and responses to abiotic and biotic stresses.OsbZIP53 regulates resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae in rice by analyzing APIP5-RNAi transgenic plants.To further investigate the biological functions of OsbZIP53,we generated osbzip53 mutants using CRISPR/Cas9 editing and also constructed OsbZIP53 over-expression transgenic plants.Comprehensive analysis of phenotypical,physiological,and transcriptional data showed that knocking-out OsbZIP53 not only improved disease resistance by inducing a hypersensitivity response in plants,but also regulated the immune response through the salicylic acid pathway.Specifically,disrupting OsbZIP53 increased H2O2 accumulation by promoting reactive oxygen species generation through up-regulation of several respiratory burst oxidase homologs(Osrboh genes)and weakened H2O2 degradation by directly targeting OsMYBS1.In addition,the growth of osbzip53 mutants was seriously impaired,while OsbZIP53 over-expression lines displayed a similar phenotype to the wild type,suggesting that OsbZIP53 has a balancing effect on rice immune response and growth.
基金supported by the grants from Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project (2023ZD0407104)National Natural Science Foundation of China (32372080)Yunnan Fundamental Research Project (202201AS070071).
文摘Rice is a major crop susceptible to chilling stress.The identification of quantitative trait loci and genes for cold tolerance is crucial for the rice breeding.Of 30 quantitative-trait loci affecting seedling cold tolerance identified in a genome-wide association study of 540 rice accessions,OsbZIP72 was assigned as the causative gene for one,qCTS9.1.A single-nucleotide polymorphism in its promoter accounted for variation in expression between indica and japonica subspecies.The favorable haplotype of OsbZIP72 originated in wild rice and contributed to the expansion of japonica rice to colder habitats.OsbZIP72 positively regulates genes coding reactive oxygen species(ROS)-scavenging proteins and maintains intracellular ROS homeostasis.These findings not only enhanced our understanding of environmental adaptation but also provide novel genetic resources and potential targets for molecular design breeding for cold tolerance in rice.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32101763)China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(Grant No.BX2021266)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2021M692853).
文摘As the‘Green Revolution’gene,SD1(encoding GA20ox2),has been widely applied to improve yield in rice breeding.However,research on its transcriptional regulation is limited.Here,we identified a transcription factor OsbZIP01,which can suppress the expression of SD1 and regulate gibberellin(GA)biosynthesis in rice.Knockout mutants of OsbZIP01 exhibited increased plant height,while the overexpression lines showed a semi-dwarf phenotype and diminished germination rate.Furthermore,the semi-dwarf phenotype of OE-bZIP01,was caused by the reduced internode length,which was accompanied by a thin stem width.The predominant expression of OsbZIP01 was observed in leaves and sheaths.OsbZIP01 protein was localized in the nucleus and showed transcriptional repression activity.In addition,OsbZIP01 could directly bind to the promoter of the OsSD1 gene,and inhibit its transcription.The semi-dwarf phenotype of OE-bZIP01 could be rescued by exogenous GA_(3).Meanwhile,the bzip01 sd1 double mutant showed a shorter shoot length compared with the wild type,indicating that OsbZIP01 regulated plant growth mainly through the GA biosynthesis pathway.Collectively,OsbZIP01 negatively regulates GA biosynthesis by restraining SD1 transcription,thereby affecting plant growth and development.
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFF1000202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31771368, 31821005,31701397)+3 种基金Ten-thousand Talents Programs of ChinaFundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2662020SKPY006)Wuhan Applied Foundational Frontier Project (2020020601012257)Hubei Hongshan Laboratory (2021hszd005),China
文摘Grain chalkiness,an undesirable trait caused by complex factors,has great negative impacts on the quality and economic value of rice.However,little is known about the regulatory mechanism of grain chalkiness,particularly the effect of endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress.Here,a genome-wide association study(GWAS)reveals that the transcription factor Osb ZIP60 is a vital regulator of rice grain chalkiness.Genetic analysis demonstrates that knockout of Osb ZIP60 results in extremely high grain chalkiness and aberrant structure of storage substances.Notably,the expression of unfolded protein response(UPR)genes,such as OsbZIP50,Os Bi P1,Os Bi P2 and Os Bi P3,is up-regulated in the endosperm cells of osbzip60,and overexpression of all these UPR genes causes various degrees of chalkiness.Furthermore,Osb ZIP60 is found to activate the expression of key genes related to grain chalkiness,such as GPA3,FSE1,FLO7,Chalk5,Os NF-YB1,and Os PK2,whose expression is significantly suppressed in osbzip60 and overexpression lines of Osb ZIP50,Os Bi P1,Os Bi P2,and Os Bi P3.Our study provides novel insights into the function of Osb ZIP60 and the role of the UPR pathway in the formation of grain chalkiness in rice.
基金supported by the National Training Programs of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates,Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.BK20200045)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Program,China.
文摘We successfully identified a novel and unique OsbZIP transcription factor,OsbZIP09,whose mutants exhibited longer seeds and less severe pre-harvest sprouting than the wild type,but shared similar germination rate as the wild type under normal germination conditions.The expression of OsbZIP09 was induced by abscisic acid(ABA)and declined as the germination process.As a nucleus-localized transcription factor,the conserved binding motif of OsbZIP09 was identified via DNA affinity purification sequencing technique.Further evidences indicated that OsbZIP09 directly enhanced the expression of ABA catabolism gene ABA8ox1,thus reducing ABA accumulation.In addition,OsbZIP09 also directly bound to the promoter of LEA3 gene to inhibit its expression,thus further alleviating the suppressive effect of ABA on seed germination.These results demonstrated that OsbZIP09 likely functions as a brake of the ABA pathway to attenuate the inhibitory effect of ABA on rice seed germination via dual strategies.
基金Funding for Basic Research Projects of Taicang(TC2021JC12)School-Level Research Projects of Yancheng Institute of Technology(xjr2021029)+1 种基金Shanghai Agriculture Applied Technology Development Program(2017-02-08-00-08-F00071)Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(18ZR1433300)。
文摘Plant height is an important morphological trait that affects crop yield.Several genes related to plant height and yield have been reported in rice(Oryza sativa L.),however,the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of these traits is still not completely understood.VP64 is widely used as a transcriptional activator to investigate the biological function of genes encoding transcription factors.Here,we identified a novel bZIP transcription factor OsbZIP62 that is involved in modulating agronomic traits in rice.Overexpression of OsbZIP62-VP64(OsbZIP62V)significantly increases the plant height and yield per plant in rice.RNA-seq analysis showed that some plant height and panicle development related genes(i.e.,OsEATB,OsDSS1 and OsGA3ox2)were up-regulated in OsbZIP62V overexpressing rice plants.Besides,OsbZIP62 could also bind to the promoters of several putative target genes.These results suggested that OsbZIP62 plays a role as transcriptional regulator in regulating the expression of genes associated with agronomic traits,and OsbZIP62 fused with VP64 would be useful in crop genetic modification with improved plant architecture and yield.
基金funded by the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(2023NK1010,2024NK1010,2023NK2002)National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20208,32171927)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2025JJ30010,2023JJ40318)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022A1515111230)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(JCYJ20220531103803008)the Hong Kong Research Grant Council(Ao E/M-05/12,Ao E/M-403/16,GRF12102423,12101722,12105824)。
文摘Low-temperature(LT)stress is a significant abiotic stress in rice growth,especially under direct seeding cultivation,where low temperatures can significantly affect seed germination and seedling growth of direct-seeded rice,thereby impacting the final yield of rice.In this study,we have identified a trehalose synthesis pathway gene,trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase 3(Os TPP3),involved in the regulation of low-temperature(LT)germination in rice,as well as its upstream regulatory factor,the ABA signaling pathway gene OsbZIP23.LT stress induced the accumulation of ABA by upregulating the expression of Os NCED3.Consistently,the overexpression of Os NCED3 significantly inhibited seed germination under LT.RT-q PCR experiments found that the expression of OsbZIP23 was also significantly induced under LT stress and ABA treatment.Overexpression of OsbZIP23 has increased the sensitivity to LT stress of rice seed,resembling the phenotype of Os NCED3 overexpressing seeds.Furthermore,both LT stress and exogenous ABA treatment increased the trehalose content in WT seeds by upregulating the expression of Os TPP3.Enhancing the expression of Os TPP3 or application of exogenous trehalose have significantly increased the sensitivity to LT stress during seed germination.Transcriptional activation and yeast one-hybrid assays demonstrated that OsbZIP23 bound to the promoter of Os TPP3 and activated its expression,which was intensified by LT stress or the application of ABA.Our study discovered an ABAdependent OsbZIP23–Os TPP3 module that responds to LT stress,inhibiting seed germination under LT conditions by increasing trehalose accumulation,thus might balance the growth and stress resistance and provide a new insight into the genetic improvement of rice cultivars with better LT germination performance.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(3181101602 to Y.L,91735302 to Y.L.,3187080209 to N.L.,91735304 to Q.Q.,31571742 to D.W.)the strategic priority research program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB27010102)+3 种基金the National Basic Researoh Program of China(2018YFD1000706-10 to R.X.,2016YFD0100501 to N.L.,2016YFD0100402 to P.D.,2016YFD0100401 to D.W.,2017YFD0101701 to R.X.)the National Ten-Thousand Talents Program of China to Y.LI.the Youth innovation promotion association CAS to P.D.(2019102)the National Special Project(2016ZX08009003-003).
文摘Regulation of seed size is a key strategy for improving crop yield and is also a basic biological question.However,the molecular mechanisms by which plants determine their seed size remain elusive.Here,we report that the GW2-WG1-OsbZIP47 regulatory module controls grain width and weight in rice.WG1,which encodes a glutaredoxin protein,promotes grain growth by increasing cell proliferation.Interestingly,WG1 interacts with the transcription factor OsbZIP47 and represses its transcriptional activity by associating with the transcriptional co-repressor ASP1,indicating that WG1 may act as an adaptor protein to recruit the transcriptional co-repressor.In contrary,OsbZIP47 restricts grain growth by decreasing cell proliferation.Further studies reveal that the E3 ubiquitin ligase GW2 ubiquitinates WG1 and targets it for degradation.Genetic analyses confirm that GW2,WG1,and OsbZIP47 function in a comm on pathway to control grain growth.Taken together,ourfindi ngs reveal a genetic and molecular framework for the control of grain size and weight by the GW2-WG1-OsbZIP47 regulatory module,providing new targets for improving seed size and weight in crops.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871964,31801738,and 32100352)the Major Science and Technology Projects in Anhui Province(202003a06020009)+2 种基金Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-01-40)the Special Funds for Supporting Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Returned Oversea-Students in Anhui Province(2020LCX035)Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Youth Project,2008085QC148).
文摘The basic leucine zipper(bZIP)is an important class of transcription factors in plants,playing a critical role in plant growth and development and responses to biotic and abiotic stress.Due to gene presence/absence variations,it is limited to identify bZIP genes based on the reference genome.Therefore,we performed the bZIP gene family analysis in the rice pan-genome.By employing a rice pan-genome,ninety-four OsbZIPs(72 core genes and 22 variable genes)were identified and divided into 11 groups in a phylogenetic tree.Based upon Ka/Ks values in 33 accessions,OsbZIPs were subjected to different selection pressures during domestication.The analysis of the effects of structural variations(SVs)on gene expression,gene structure,and conserved domains showed that SVs could significantly alter the expression levels of certain OsbZIPs,leading to gene truncation and the emergence of numerous atypical genes.Thirty-four differentially expressed OsbZIPs were identified by analyzing RNA-seq data of the Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae(Xoo)infection susceptible(IR24)and resistant(IRBB67)lines under high temperature,and by counting the number of differentially expressed OsbZIPs in different subgroups.These Osb-ZIPs were found to respond to Xoo infection at an early stage and may not be involved in the mechanism of Xa4 and Xa7 resistance to Xoo.The multiple variation patterns of OsbZIP genes provide new insights into the OsbZIP genes in rice.These results provide new resources and offer new directions for functional studies of OsbZIPs.
