In the post-college era,university research organizations are facing unprecedented changes in their structure and operational models.In terms of organizational form,these institutions are transitioning from single-dis...In the post-college era,university research organizations are facing unprecedented changes in their structure and operational models.In terms of organizational form,these institutions are transitioning from single-disciplinebased models to interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary collaboration models.This shift reflects the growing need to address complex,real-world problems that require expertise from multiple fields.From a management perspective,interdisciplinary research organizations face unique challenges.They must coordinate researchers from diverse disciplinary backgrounds,navigate potential conflicts between traditional departments and interdisciplinary units,and address differences in goals and organizational culture among members.These complexities make management more intricate and demanding.Simultaneously,the focus of university research organizations has become increasingly interest-driven,with research objectives,content,and participants reflecting specific areas of interest or societal demand.To adapt to these evolving trends,university research organizations must adopt flexible models tailored to their unique development needs.This approach will ensure the efficient execution of research activities and facilitate the effective transformation of research outcomes into practical applications.展开更多
BACKGROUND Quality of life(QoL)outcomes are a focal endpoint of cancer treatment strategies.AIM To externally validate the Moroccan Arabic version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer(EORT...BACKGROUND Quality of life(QoL)outcomes are a focal endpoint of cancer treatment strategies.AIM To externally validate the Moroccan Arabic version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer(EORTC)QoL Questionnaire(QLQ)for colorectal cancer(CRC)patients(CR29).METHODS Both Moroccan Arabic modules of QLQ-CR29 and QLQ-C30 were administered to Moroccan CRC.Psychometric properties were retested by measuring Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for reliability and Intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC)to examine test-retest reproducibility.The multitrait-scaling analysis was performed to demonstrate the validity of the instrument and known-groups comparison was used to test the score’s ability to discriminate between different groups of patients.RESULTS In total,221 patients were included in our study and 34 patients completed the questionnaire twice.The Urinary Frequency scale and Stool Frequency scale had good internal consistency with alpha Cronbach coefficients of 0.79 and 0.83 respectively,while the same coefficients were moderately lower for the Blood and Mucus in Stool scale(0.61)and the Body Image scale(0.67).The ICCs ranged from 0.88 to 1 indicating good to excellent reproducibility.In multitrait scaling analyses,the criterion for item convergent and divergent validity was satisfactory.The known-group comparison showed statistically significant differences between patients according to age,gender,stoma status,tumor location,and radiotherapy.CONCLUSION The Moroccan Arabic version of the EORTC QLQ-CR29 is a valid and reliable tool that can be used safely for research and clinical purposes in Moroccan CRC patients.展开更多
The public technique terrace is the research organization for providing the middle experimentation and applying research for technology conversion. Firstly, the paper analyzes the important function of the public tech...The public technique terrace is the research organization for providing the middle experimentation and applying research for technology conversion. Firstly, the paper analyzes the important function of the public technique terrace. Secondly, some suggestions on how to build up the public technique terrace are put forward from five aspects including government, enterprise, media organization, and so on.展开更多
In the big science era,incentive mechanisms that enable researchers to fully realize their potential,enhance collaboration,and improve the efficiency of organized research have remained a key issue in research governa...In the big science era,incentive mechanisms that enable researchers to fully realize their potential,enhance collaboration,and improve the efficiency of organized research have remained a key issue in research governance.Based on game theory,this study compared the operational logic and incentive effects of different incentive mechanisms in organized research settings and theoretically summarizes the inherent logic of institutional optimization.By examining recent international practices in scientific authorship,this study found that traditional incentive systems,represented by authorship ranking and the first-author convention,are rigid in structure and fail to adapt to the complexity and dynamics of collaborative research,resulting in systemic underinvestment by individual researchers.However,establishing adaptive,dynamic,contribution-driven mechanisms and fostering competition within collaborative frameworks can effectively mitigate efficiency losses.Policy recommendations include learning from international experiences such as the Contributor Roles Taxonomy and promoting transparent,objective,and standard disclosure of individual contributions,thereby developing a contribution-oriented diversified talent evaluation system.It is imperative to adhere to a people-centered value orientation,promote the spirit of selfless dedication-"success does not need to be attributed to me"—and foster a collaborative innovation ecosystem.展开更多
The Action Plan for High-Quality Development of Philosophy and Social Sciences in Universities for 2035,jointly issued by the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)and the ...The Action Plan for High-Quality Development of Philosophy and Social Sciences in Universities for 2035,jointly issued by the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)and the Ministry of Education,points out that"we should promote universities to give full play to the advantages of the new national system,and accelerate the construction of China's independent knowledge system with'organized scientific research'"[1].The arrival of the era of digital intelligence brings new opportunities and challenges to organized scientific research in China's universities.Through empirical research,the research group conducts a detailed analysis on the connotation,status quo,and constraints of organized scientific research in universities and colleges in the era of digital intelligence,and finds that there are problems such as scientific research management mechanism,scientific research data sharing,and scientific research resource allocation.Aiming at this problem,the study proposes to do a good job of strategic planning for digital transformation,establish a mechanism for collaboration and innovation in scientific research,improve the strategy of resource allocation and optimization,formulate a new code of ethics for scientific research,and build a system for training digitally-intelligent talents in order to improve the efficiency of organized scientific research in the era of digital intelligence.展开更多
This study is aimed to assess the long-term healthrelated quality of life （HRQL） of patients after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer in comparison with established norms, and to evaluate changes in HRQL during the...This study is aimed to assess the long-term healthrelated quality of life （HRQL） of patients after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer in comparison with established norms, and to evaluate changes in HRQL during the different stages of follow-up after esophageal resection. A systematic review was performed by searching medical databases （Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library） for potentially relevant studies that appeared between January 1975 and March 2011. Studies were included if they addressed the question of HRQL after esophageal resection for esophageal cancer. Two researchers independently performed the study selection, data extraction and analysis processes. Twenty-one observational studies were included with a total of 1282 （12-355） patients. Five studies were performed with short form-36 （SF-36） and 16 with European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer （EORTC） QLQ c30 （14 of them also utilized the disease-specific OESI8 or its previous version OES24）.The analysis of long-term generic HRQL with SF-36 showed pooled scores for physical, role and social function after esophagectomy similar to United States norms, but lower pooled scores for physical function, vitality and general health perception. The analysis of HRQL conducted using the Global EORTC C30 global scale during a 6-mo follow-up showed that global scale and physical function were better at the baseline. The symptom scales indicated worsened fatigue, dyspnea and diarrhea 6 mo after esophagectomy. In contrast, however, emotional function had significantly improved after 6 mo. In conclusion, short- and long-term HRQL is deeply affected after esophagectomy for cancer. The impairment of physical function may be a long-term consequence of esophagectomy involving either the respiratory system or the alimentary tract. The short- and long-term improvement in the emotional function of patients who have undergone successful operations may be attributed to the impression that they have survived a near-death experience.展开更多
In France, the movement in favour of open access to scientific research output is getting increasingly coordinated and supported at the political level. The CNRS, a leading research organization in Europe and signator...In France, the movement in favour of open access to scientific research output is getting increasingly coordinated and supported at the political level. The CNRS, a leading research organization in Europe and signatory of the Berlin Declaration, has an evident strategic role to play in this development. Various initiatives that have emerged in the French academic world in recent years have led, for example, in early 2005 to the joint announcement, by four major research institutions, of a common policy to promote open access to published material and other types of digital resources, and to set up institutional archives. The article highlights some key issues of this policy, gives an overview of the current and past CNRS involvement in open access and describes the principal functions, as well as the related challenges, of the future institutional repositories.展开更多
The goal of this study is to measure the effectiveness of a career development system implemented at a research and technology organization at satisfying the context requirements of a decree issued by the Basque Count...The goal of this study is to measure the effectiveness of a career development system implemented at a research and technology organization at satisfying the context requirements of a decree issued by the Basque Country government.Through in-depth surveying of 80 R&D professionals over the five years,the authors aimed to determine whether a career development system,when it is linked to context requirements and researchers’contributions,could offer researchers feedback about their career aims and increase their job satisfaction.During the five years of the study,the researchers’capacity to meet career requirements improved by 20%,and job satisfaction,although it declined at first,increased substantially in the last two years,reaching a historic high for the employee satisfaction survey.展开更多
文摘In the post-college era,university research organizations are facing unprecedented changes in their structure and operational models.In terms of organizational form,these institutions are transitioning from single-disciplinebased models to interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary collaboration models.This shift reflects the growing need to address complex,real-world problems that require expertise from multiple fields.From a management perspective,interdisciplinary research organizations face unique challenges.They must coordinate researchers from diverse disciplinary backgrounds,navigate potential conflicts between traditional departments and interdisciplinary units,and address differences in goals and organizational culture among members.These complexities make management more intricate and demanding.Simultaneously,the focus of university research organizations has become increasingly interest-driven,with research objectives,content,and participants reflecting specific areas of interest or societal demand.To adapt to these evolving trends,university research organizations must adopt flexible models tailored to their unique development needs.This approach will ensure the efficient execution of research activities and facilitate the effective transformation of research outcomes into practical applications.
文摘BACKGROUND Quality of life(QoL)outcomes are a focal endpoint of cancer treatment strategies.AIM To externally validate the Moroccan Arabic version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer(EORTC)QoL Questionnaire(QLQ)for colorectal cancer(CRC)patients(CR29).METHODS Both Moroccan Arabic modules of QLQ-CR29 and QLQ-C30 were administered to Moroccan CRC.Psychometric properties were retested by measuring Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for reliability and Intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC)to examine test-retest reproducibility.The multitrait-scaling analysis was performed to demonstrate the validity of the instrument and known-groups comparison was used to test the score’s ability to discriminate between different groups of patients.RESULTS In total,221 patients were included in our study and 34 patients completed the questionnaire twice.The Urinary Frequency scale and Stool Frequency scale had good internal consistency with alpha Cronbach coefficients of 0.79 and 0.83 respectively,while the same coefficients were moderately lower for the Blood and Mucus in Stool scale(0.61)and the Body Image scale(0.67).The ICCs ranged from 0.88 to 1 indicating good to excellent reproducibility.In multitrait scaling analyses,the criterion for item convergent and divergent validity was satisfactory.The known-group comparison showed statistically significant differences between patients according to age,gender,stoma status,tumor location,and radiotherapy.CONCLUSION The Moroccan Arabic version of the EORTC QLQ-CR29 is a valid and reliable tool that can be used safely for research and clinical purposes in Moroccan CRC patients.
文摘The public technique terrace is the research organization for providing the middle experimentation and applying research for technology conversion. Firstly, the paper analyzes the important function of the public technique terrace. Secondly, some suggestions on how to build up the public technique terrace are put forward from five aspects including government, enterprise, media organization, and so on.
基金funded by the Major Program of Philosophy and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education,"Research on President Xi Jinping's Philosophy on Building China into a Leading Country in Education"(No.24JZD003).
文摘In the big science era,incentive mechanisms that enable researchers to fully realize their potential,enhance collaboration,and improve the efficiency of organized research have remained a key issue in research governance.Based on game theory,this study compared the operational logic and incentive effects of different incentive mechanisms in organized research settings and theoretically summarizes the inherent logic of institutional optimization.By examining recent international practices in scientific authorship,this study found that traditional incentive systems,represented by authorship ranking and the first-author convention,are rigid in structure and fail to adapt to the complexity and dynamics of collaborative research,resulting in systemic underinvestment by individual researchers.However,establishing adaptive,dynamic,contribution-driven mechanisms and fostering competition within collaborative frameworks can effectively mitigate efficiency losses.Policy recommendations include learning from international experiences such as the Contributor Roles Taxonomy and promoting transparent,objective,and standard disclosure of individual contributions,thereby developing a contribution-oriented diversified talent evaluation system.It is imperative to adhere to a people-centered value orientation,promote the spirit of selfless dedication-"success does not need to be attributed to me"—and foster a collaborative innovation ecosystem.
基金2023 Special Project for the Development of Jiangsu Federation of Humanities and Social Sciences in Higher Institutions Approval number:23GSB-011Project name:Research on Digital intelligence empowers the Federation of Humanities and Social Sciences in Higher Institutions to carry on organized scientific research.
文摘The Action Plan for High-Quality Development of Philosophy and Social Sciences in Universities for 2035,jointly issued by the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)and the Ministry of Education,points out that"we should promote universities to give full play to the advantages of the new national system,and accelerate the construction of China's independent knowledge system with'organized scientific research'"[1].The arrival of the era of digital intelligence brings new opportunities and challenges to organized scientific research in China's universities.Through empirical research,the research group conducts a detailed analysis on the connotation,status quo,and constraints of organized scientific research in universities and colleges in the era of digital intelligence,and finds that there are problems such as scientific research management mechanism,scientific research data sharing,and scientific research resource allocation.Aiming at this problem,the study proposes to do a good job of strategic planning for digital transformation,establish a mechanism for collaboration and innovation in scientific research,improve the strategy of resource allocation and optimization,formulate a new code of ethics for scientific research,and build a system for training digitally-intelligent talents in order to improve the efficiency of organized scientific research in the era of digital intelligence.
文摘This study is aimed to assess the long-term healthrelated quality of life （HRQL） of patients after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer in comparison with established norms, and to evaluate changes in HRQL during the different stages of follow-up after esophageal resection. A systematic review was performed by searching medical databases （Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library） for potentially relevant studies that appeared between January 1975 and March 2011. Studies were included if they addressed the question of HRQL after esophageal resection for esophageal cancer. Two researchers independently performed the study selection, data extraction and analysis processes. Twenty-one observational studies were included with a total of 1282 （12-355） patients. Five studies were performed with short form-36 （SF-36） and 16 with European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer （EORTC） QLQ c30 （14 of them also utilized the disease-specific OESI8 or its previous version OES24）.The analysis of long-term generic HRQL with SF-36 showed pooled scores for physical, role and social function after esophagectomy similar to United States norms, but lower pooled scores for physical function, vitality and general health perception. The analysis of HRQL conducted using the Global EORTC C30 global scale during a 6-mo follow-up showed that global scale and physical function were better at the baseline. The symptom scales indicated worsened fatigue, dyspnea and diarrhea 6 mo after esophagectomy. In contrast, however, emotional function had significantly improved after 6 mo. In conclusion, short- and long-term HRQL is deeply affected after esophagectomy for cancer. The impairment of physical function may be a long-term consequence of esophagectomy involving either the respiratory system or the alimentary tract. The short- and long-term improvement in the emotional function of patients who have undergone successful operations may be attributed to the impression that they have survived a near-death experience.
文摘In France, the movement in favour of open access to scientific research output is getting increasingly coordinated and supported at the political level. The CNRS, a leading research organization in Europe and signatory of the Berlin Declaration, has an evident strategic role to play in this development. Various initiatives that have emerged in the French academic world in recent years have led, for example, in early 2005 to the joint announcement, by four major research institutions, of a common policy to promote open access to published material and other types of digital resources, and to set up institutional archives. The article highlights some key issues of this policy, gives an overview of the current and past CNRS involvement in open access and describes the principal functions, as well as the related challenges, of the future institutional repositories.
基金partially funding this research through Emaitek Plus Action Plan Programme
文摘The goal of this study is to measure the effectiveness of a career development system implemented at a research and technology organization at satisfying the context requirements of a decree issued by the Basque Country government.Through in-depth surveying of 80 R&D professionals over the five years,the authors aimed to determine whether a career development system,when it is linked to context requirements and researchers’contributions,could offer researchers feedback about their career aims and increase their job satisfaction.During the five years of the study,the researchers’capacity to meet career requirements improved by 20%,and job satisfaction,although it declined at first,increased substantially in the last two years,reaching a historic high for the employee satisfaction survey.
