The semiconductor industry typifies the international division of labor and exhibits significant structural differences in global trade in key product segments.The evolution of cross-border trade flows and dependency ...The semiconductor industry typifies the international division of labor and exhibits significant structural differences in global trade in key product segments.The evolution of cross-border trade flows and dependency relationships,as well as trade organization patterns of manufactured products,equipment and materials for manufacturing,are investigated by constructing a global semiconductor trade relationship matrix and using the Gini coefficient and trade dependency index.It was found that:(1)the global semiconductor trade is highly spatially unbalanced,with materials and equipment trade in particular highly concentrated in a few countries on both the supply and demand sides;(2)China has replaced the US as the largest global semiconductor trade player and has shaped the regionalized system of manufactured goods and materials trade with East and Southeast Asian economies,but its equipment trade is highly dependent on Europe and the US;(3)the semiconductor production model has promoted the regionalization of the east and southeast Asia region in the trade of manufactured products and materials,and developed economies such as the US,the EU,Japan,and South Korea have maintained their monopolistic advantage in the trade of semiconductor equipment by building exclusive innovation networks and establishing trade barriers.The monopolistic nature of the semiconductor equipment trade and the regionalization of manufactured goods and materials have formed the characteristics of the global semiconductor trade and are likely to be further strengthened in future trade.展开更多
International agreements such as the Paris Agreement encourage developed countries to diffuse renewable energy technologies to developing nations at different stages of the technology lifecycle,aiding the latter in mi...International agreements such as the Paris Agreement encourage developed countries to diffuse renewable energy technologies to developing nations at different stages of the technology lifecycle,aiding the latter in mitigating and adapting to global climate change.This study constructs a big-data map of 322,761 solar technology patent diffusions among 175 countries from 1970 to 2022.By employing innovative multi-layer community network models,key technology identification frameworks,and main path analysis,we analyze the network characteristics,community patterns,and evolutionary pathways of global solar technology diffusions.The findings reveal:(1)Global solar technology has transitioned from rapid growth to maturity,with post-2011 technological inventions declining by 41.12%.(2)The hub function of technology diffusion has shifted from centralization to decentralization.Developed countries'influence in technology diffusion has weakened,while China's role in the Global South has strengthened.(3)The US has maintained a monopoly in both critical and general technology diffusion since 1970.Post-2011,China has established regional influence in low-barrier general technology diffusion.(4)Main path analysis of technology evolution shows that the US and Japan dominate 51.23%and 32.71%of key nodes in the 10 major technology clusters,respectively,while China accounts for only 10.12%.Technology importation,absorption,and re-innovation in battery modules and power generation systems are China's primary pathways to shape global influence.This study provides an objective understanding of China's global impact in solar technology development,cautioning against over-optimism based solely on market dominance.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42130712。
文摘The semiconductor industry typifies the international division of labor and exhibits significant structural differences in global trade in key product segments.The evolution of cross-border trade flows and dependency relationships,as well as trade organization patterns of manufactured products,equipment and materials for manufacturing,are investigated by constructing a global semiconductor trade relationship matrix and using the Gini coefficient and trade dependency index.It was found that:(1)the global semiconductor trade is highly spatially unbalanced,with materials and equipment trade in particular highly concentrated in a few countries on both the supply and demand sides;(2)China has replaced the US as the largest global semiconductor trade player and has shaped the regionalized system of manufactured goods and materials trade with East and Southeast Asian economies,but its equipment trade is highly dependent on Europe and the US;(3)the semiconductor production model has promoted the regionalization of the east and southeast Asia region in the trade of manufactured products and materials,and developed economies such as the US,the EU,Japan,and South Korea have maintained their monopolistic advantage in the trade of semiconductor equipment by building exclusive innovation networks and establishing trade barriers.The monopolistic nature of the semiconductor equipment trade and the regionalization of manufactured goods and materials have formed the characteristics of the global semiconductor trade and are likely to be further strengthened in future trade.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.72348003,42022007&42301192)。
文摘International agreements such as the Paris Agreement encourage developed countries to diffuse renewable energy technologies to developing nations at different stages of the technology lifecycle,aiding the latter in mitigating and adapting to global climate change.This study constructs a big-data map of 322,761 solar technology patent diffusions among 175 countries from 1970 to 2022.By employing innovative multi-layer community network models,key technology identification frameworks,and main path analysis,we analyze the network characteristics,community patterns,and evolutionary pathways of global solar technology diffusions.The findings reveal:(1)Global solar technology has transitioned from rapid growth to maturity,with post-2011 technological inventions declining by 41.12%.(2)The hub function of technology diffusion has shifted from centralization to decentralization.Developed countries'influence in technology diffusion has weakened,while China's role in the Global South has strengthened.(3)The US has maintained a monopoly in both critical and general technology diffusion since 1970.Post-2011,China has established regional influence in low-barrier general technology diffusion.(4)Main path analysis of technology evolution shows that the US and Japan dominate 51.23%and 32.71%of key nodes in the 10 major technology clusters,respectively,while China accounts for only 10.12%.Technology importation,absorption,and re-innovation in battery modules and power generation systems are China's primary pathways to shape global influence.This study provides an objective understanding of China's global impact in solar technology development,cautioning against over-optimism based solely on market dominance.
