Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of continuous gum chewing exercise on perioral muscle strength. Methods: Thirty healthy adults (24.1 ± 2.0 years) with normal occlusion performed gu...Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of continuous gum chewing exercise on perioral muscle strength. Methods: Thirty healthy adults (24.1 ± 2.0 years) with normal occlusion performed gum chewing exercise 3 times daily for 3 months. Each exercise session lasted 5 min and involved alternating of chewing 10 times using the left molars and then 10 times using the right molars, with the mouth closed. The effect of the exercise on oral function was evaluated by measuring tongue pressure (TP), cheek pressure (CP), and labial closure strength (LCS) immediately before starting exercise, at 2 weeks and 1, 2, and 3 months after starting exercise, and at 3 months after cessation of exercise. Changes in TP, CP, and LCS according to sex and duration of exercise were analyzed by repeated two-way ANOVA. Results: Measurements for all muscles were significantly greater in men than in women at all time points. After starting exercise, TP was markedly increased at 2 months in men and women, and both CP and LCS were markedly increased at 2 weeks in men and at 1 month in women. These effects persisted for 3 months. Three months after cessation of exercise, TP, CP, and LCS tended to decrease, but were not significantly attenuated as compared with 3 months after beginning of exercise in either sex. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that gum chewing exercise contributed to an improvement in perioral muscle strength, and that this effect was maintained for at least 3 months after discontinuation of exercise.展开更多
Role-play is recommended as a useful method to solve the problem of oral English teaching. It's much more than a performance and it can be considered as a way to vary the kinds of spoken interaction that learners ...Role-play is recommended as a useful method to solve the problem of oral English teaching. It's much more than a performance and it can be considered as a way to vary the kinds of spoken interaction that learners can experience in the classroom of universities. Through the use of role-play, oral English teaching becomes more interesting and attractive; university students can gain more oral English skills in the mini society atmosphere, and the accuracy and fluency of their oral English will be improved.展开更多
This paper is to evaluate postoperative function which has undergone reconstruction with vascularized or pedicled flaps for the treatment of oral carcinomas. The subjects consisted of 22 cases of 17 male and 5 female ...This paper is to evaluate postoperative function which has undergone reconstruction with vascularized or pedicled flaps for the treatment of oral carcinomas. The subjects consisted of 22 cases of 17 male and 5 female patients, and their mean age was 55 years. The sites of reconstruction were the tongue in 12 cases, mandible in 10 cases. The reconstruction was performed using deltopectoral (DP) flaps in 6 cases, pectoralis major musculo cutaneous (PMMC) flaps in 3 cases, DP flap + PMMC flap in one case, forearm (FA) flaps in 8 cases and peroneal (P) flaps with fibula in 4 cases. Postoperative masticatory, speech, swallowing functions and facial appearance were evaluated by Multi-factorial analysis. All functional results seem to be related to the type of resection. By multi-factorial analysis, the type of mandibular resection, flap area, and anterior resection were related to the masticatory or speech function in tongue resection. In mandibular resection, masticatory function was subjected to age;speech function was subjected to type of mandibular resection and plate reconstruction. The facial appearance was subjected to flap area. These results suggested that postoperative function was not related to only one factor, but using the classification of each defect site as one of the factor of multi-factorial analysis was useful.展开更多
<b><span style="font-family:"">Objective</span></b><span style="font-family:"">: Oral diadochokinesis (ODK) has been shown to be associated with oral frailty...<b><span style="font-family:"">Objective</span></b><span style="font-family:"">: Oral diadochokinesis (ODK) has been shown to be associated with oral frailty. In this study, we investigate the relationship between physical function, swallowing function, nutritional evaluation, and each syllable of ODK. <b>Methods</b>: The subjects are 26 elderly people living in an area where <span>they can walk. ODK, tongue pressure, modified water swallowing test, EAT-10,</span> grip strength, MNA-SF, skeletal muscle index, height, weight, and BMI were evaluated. For statistical analysis based on ODK values, the subjects were divided into two groups on the basis of the number of times the syllables /pa/, /ta/, and /ka/ were repeated: 1) The first group with >6 repetitions exceeded six</span><span style="font-family:"">;</span><span style="font-family:""> 2) the second group with ≤5 repetitions. Both groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test (Model 1). In addition, the syllables /pa/, /ta/, and /ka/ were also divided among the groups and a comparison was performed (Model 2). <b>Results</b>: In Model 1, the tongue pressure value was significantly higher in the good group (p < 0.01). In Model 2, the good group showed significantly higher values for the syllables /pa/ (p < 0.01) and /ta/ (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the values for the syllable /ka/. <b>Conclusion</b>: In community-dwelling elderly people, tongue pressure was positively associated with ODK values for the syllables /pa/ and /ta/, suggesting that tongue pressure may be associated with strength of the lip and tongue tip muscles. Furthermore, it was suggested that the ODK values may even be lower than normal values in the elderly who maintain skeletal muscle mass and thus have adequate tongue pressure;therefore, these indicators may be used as a guideline to assess oral frailty.展开更多
目的 检索、评价和整合老年人口腔衰弱管理的证据,为口腔衰弱的科学管理提供依据。方法 系统检索BMJ Best Practice、Up To Date、英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所网站、苏格兰校际指南网、世界牙科联盟网站、Web of Science、PubMed、Coc...目的 检索、评价和整合老年人口腔衰弱管理的证据,为口腔衰弱的科学管理提供依据。方法 系统检索BMJ Best Practice、Up To Date、英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所网站、苏格兰校际指南网、世界牙科联盟网站、Web of Science、PubMed、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据库和其他专业相关网站。纳入老年人口腔衰弱相关指南、专家共识、证据总结、系统综述和随机对照试验。检索时限为建库至2024年1月24日。由2~3名研究者独立评价文献质量,提取和整合相关证据。结果 共纳入10篇文献,指南2篇,专家共识2篇,系统评价1篇,随机对照试验5篇。从口腔衰弱评估、口腔衰弱预防和口腔衰弱干预3个方面汇总13条最佳证据。结论 该研究总结的老年人口腔衰弱管理的证据具有科学性和实用性,医院、社区、养老机构等相关人员可以通过应用证据对老年人进行口腔衰弱的评估、预防及针对性的干预措施。展开更多
目的探讨老年脑卒中患者认知功能对口腔健康相关生活质量(oral health-related quality of life,OHRQoL)评估的影响及作用机制。方法采用横断面研究设计,采用便利抽样的方法于2015年10月至2020年1月从宣武医院、天坛医院、大兴区西红门...目的探讨老年脑卒中患者认知功能对口腔健康相关生活质量(oral health-related quality of life,OHRQoL)评估的影响及作用机制。方法采用横断面研究设计,采用便利抽样的方法于2015年10月至2020年1月从宣武医院、天坛医院、大兴区西红门医院和北京口腔医院门诊招募符合纳入和排除标准的老年脑卒中患者247例。根据蒙特利尔认知功能量表评分分为中重度认知障碍组111例(≤20分),轻度认知障碍组95例(21~25分),认知功能正常组41例(≥26分)。采用口腔健康影响程度量表简版(oral health impact prole-14,OHIP-14)评估OHRQoL,并进行标准化口腔临床检查及口腔情况认知功能测试。通过Mann-Whitney U检验比较不同认知功能组间差异,并构建结构方程模型进行路径分析。结果中重度认知障碍组OHIP-14评分中疼痛与不适维度及总分显著低于轻度认知障碍组(P<0.05)。路径分析显示,认知功能通过口腔情况认知功能的完全中介作用间接影响OHRQoL评估。结论中重度认知障碍的老年脑卒中患者可能因其口腔情况认知功能下降,造成其OHRQoL评估不准确。展开更多
The effects on immune function of broilers was studied by adding different doses of Shuanghuanglian propolis oral liquid in drinking water, to provide a theoretical basis for application and promotion of Shuanghuangli...The effects on immune function of broilers was studied by adding different doses of Shuanghuanglian propolis oral liquid in drinking water, to provide a theoretical basis for application and promotion of Shuanghuanglian propolis oral liquid. Ninety one-day-old broilers were randomly divided into three groups ： group I was designed as control; groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were added with 0.5 and 1.0 mL/L Shuanghuanglian propolis oral liquid in drinking water, respectively. Compared with group I, all tested indicators in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were increased at varying degrees as follows ： bursa of fabricius index increased by 5.74% （P 〈 0.05 ） and 7.66% （P 〈 0.05 ） ; thymus index increased by 1.47% （P 〉 0.05 ） and 2.06% （P 〈 0.05 ） ; spleen index increased by 5.88% （P 〉 0.05 ） and 7.84% （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; Newcastle disease virus （NDV） antibody titer increased by 11.99% （P 〈 0.05 ） and 16.94% （P 〈 0.05 ） ; IL-2 content increased by 2.71% （P 〉 0.05） and 4.52% （P 〈 0.05 ） ; IL -6 content increased by 4.04% （P 〉 0.05 ） and 7.26% （ P 〈 0.05 ）, respectively. The results showed that adding 0.5 and 1.0 mL/L Shuanghuangllan propolis oral liquid in drinking water could improve the immune function of broiler and immune effect of ND vaccine.展开更多
文摘Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of continuous gum chewing exercise on perioral muscle strength. Methods: Thirty healthy adults (24.1 ± 2.0 years) with normal occlusion performed gum chewing exercise 3 times daily for 3 months. Each exercise session lasted 5 min and involved alternating of chewing 10 times using the left molars and then 10 times using the right molars, with the mouth closed. The effect of the exercise on oral function was evaluated by measuring tongue pressure (TP), cheek pressure (CP), and labial closure strength (LCS) immediately before starting exercise, at 2 weeks and 1, 2, and 3 months after starting exercise, and at 3 months after cessation of exercise. Changes in TP, CP, and LCS according to sex and duration of exercise were analyzed by repeated two-way ANOVA. Results: Measurements for all muscles were significantly greater in men than in women at all time points. After starting exercise, TP was markedly increased at 2 months in men and women, and both CP and LCS were markedly increased at 2 weeks in men and at 1 month in women. These effects persisted for 3 months. Three months after cessation of exercise, TP, CP, and LCS tended to decrease, but were not significantly attenuated as compared with 3 months after beginning of exercise in either sex. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that gum chewing exercise contributed to an improvement in perioral muscle strength, and that this effect was maintained for at least 3 months after discontinuation of exercise.
文摘Role-play is recommended as a useful method to solve the problem of oral English teaching. It's much more than a performance and it can be considered as a way to vary the kinds of spoken interaction that learners can experience in the classroom of universities. Through the use of role-play, oral English teaching becomes more interesting and attractive; university students can gain more oral English skills in the mini society atmosphere, and the accuracy and fluency of their oral English will be improved.
文摘This paper is to evaluate postoperative function which has undergone reconstruction with vascularized or pedicled flaps for the treatment of oral carcinomas. The subjects consisted of 22 cases of 17 male and 5 female patients, and their mean age was 55 years. The sites of reconstruction were the tongue in 12 cases, mandible in 10 cases. The reconstruction was performed using deltopectoral (DP) flaps in 6 cases, pectoralis major musculo cutaneous (PMMC) flaps in 3 cases, DP flap + PMMC flap in one case, forearm (FA) flaps in 8 cases and peroneal (P) flaps with fibula in 4 cases. Postoperative masticatory, speech, swallowing functions and facial appearance were evaluated by Multi-factorial analysis. All functional results seem to be related to the type of resection. By multi-factorial analysis, the type of mandibular resection, flap area, and anterior resection were related to the masticatory or speech function in tongue resection. In mandibular resection, masticatory function was subjected to age;speech function was subjected to type of mandibular resection and plate reconstruction. The facial appearance was subjected to flap area. These results suggested that postoperative function was not related to only one factor, but using the classification of each defect site as one of the factor of multi-factorial analysis was useful.
文摘<b><span style="font-family:"">Objective</span></b><span style="font-family:"">: Oral diadochokinesis (ODK) has been shown to be associated with oral frailty. In this study, we investigate the relationship between physical function, swallowing function, nutritional evaluation, and each syllable of ODK. <b>Methods</b>: The subjects are 26 elderly people living in an area where <span>they can walk. ODK, tongue pressure, modified water swallowing test, EAT-10,</span> grip strength, MNA-SF, skeletal muscle index, height, weight, and BMI were evaluated. For statistical analysis based on ODK values, the subjects were divided into two groups on the basis of the number of times the syllables /pa/, /ta/, and /ka/ were repeated: 1) The first group with >6 repetitions exceeded six</span><span style="font-family:"">;</span><span style="font-family:""> 2) the second group with ≤5 repetitions. Both groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test (Model 1). In addition, the syllables /pa/, /ta/, and /ka/ were also divided among the groups and a comparison was performed (Model 2). <b>Results</b>: In Model 1, the tongue pressure value was significantly higher in the good group (p < 0.01). In Model 2, the good group showed significantly higher values for the syllables /pa/ (p < 0.01) and /ta/ (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the values for the syllable /ka/. <b>Conclusion</b>: In community-dwelling elderly people, tongue pressure was positively associated with ODK values for the syllables /pa/ and /ta/, suggesting that tongue pressure may be associated with strength of the lip and tongue tip muscles. Furthermore, it was suggested that the ODK values may even be lower than normal values in the elderly who maintain skeletal muscle mass and thus have adequate tongue pressure;therefore, these indicators may be used as a guideline to assess oral frailty.
文摘目的 检索、评价和整合老年人口腔衰弱管理的证据,为口腔衰弱的科学管理提供依据。方法 系统检索BMJ Best Practice、Up To Date、英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所网站、苏格兰校际指南网、世界牙科联盟网站、Web of Science、PubMed、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据库和其他专业相关网站。纳入老年人口腔衰弱相关指南、专家共识、证据总结、系统综述和随机对照试验。检索时限为建库至2024年1月24日。由2~3名研究者独立评价文献质量,提取和整合相关证据。结果 共纳入10篇文献,指南2篇,专家共识2篇,系统评价1篇,随机对照试验5篇。从口腔衰弱评估、口腔衰弱预防和口腔衰弱干预3个方面汇总13条最佳证据。结论 该研究总结的老年人口腔衰弱管理的证据具有科学性和实用性,医院、社区、养老机构等相关人员可以通过应用证据对老年人进行口腔衰弱的评估、预防及针对性的干预措施。
文摘目的探讨老年脑卒中患者认知功能对口腔健康相关生活质量(oral health-related quality of life,OHRQoL)评估的影响及作用机制。方法采用横断面研究设计,采用便利抽样的方法于2015年10月至2020年1月从宣武医院、天坛医院、大兴区西红门医院和北京口腔医院门诊招募符合纳入和排除标准的老年脑卒中患者247例。根据蒙特利尔认知功能量表评分分为中重度认知障碍组111例(≤20分),轻度认知障碍组95例(21~25分),认知功能正常组41例(≥26分)。采用口腔健康影响程度量表简版(oral health impact prole-14,OHIP-14)评估OHRQoL,并进行标准化口腔临床检查及口腔情况认知功能测试。通过Mann-Whitney U检验比较不同认知功能组间差异,并构建结构方程模型进行路径分析。结果中重度认知障碍组OHIP-14评分中疼痛与不适维度及总分显著低于轻度认知障碍组(P<0.05)。路径分析显示,认知功能通过口腔情况认知功能的完全中介作用间接影响OHRQoL评估。结论中重度认知障碍的老年脑卒中患者可能因其口腔情况认知功能下降,造成其OHRQoL评估不准确。
文摘The effects on immune function of broilers was studied by adding different doses of Shuanghuanglian propolis oral liquid in drinking water, to provide a theoretical basis for application and promotion of Shuanghuanglian propolis oral liquid. Ninety one-day-old broilers were randomly divided into three groups ： group I was designed as control; groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were added with 0.5 and 1.0 mL/L Shuanghuanglian propolis oral liquid in drinking water, respectively. Compared with group I, all tested indicators in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were increased at varying degrees as follows ： bursa of fabricius index increased by 5.74% （P 〈 0.05 ） and 7.66% （P 〈 0.05 ） ; thymus index increased by 1.47% （P 〉 0.05 ） and 2.06% （P 〈 0.05 ） ; spleen index increased by 5.88% （P 〉 0.05 ） and 7.84% （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; Newcastle disease virus （NDV） antibody titer increased by 11.99% （P 〈 0.05 ） and 16.94% （P 〈 0.05 ） ; IL-2 content increased by 2.71% （P 〉 0.05） and 4.52% （P 〈 0.05 ） ; IL -6 content increased by 4.04% （P 〉 0.05 ） and 7.26% （ P 〈 0.05 ）, respectively. The results showed that adding 0.5 and 1.0 mL/L Shuanghuangllan propolis oral liquid in drinking water could improve the immune function of broiler and immune effect of ND vaccine.
