To quantify the seismic effectiveness of the most commonly used fishing line tie up method for securing museum collections and optimize fixed strategies for exhibitions,shaking table tests of the seismic systems used ...To quantify the seismic effectiveness of the most commonly used fishing line tie up method for securing museum collections and optimize fixed strategies for exhibitions,shaking table tests of the seismic systems used for typical museum collection replicas have been carried out.The influence of body shape and fixed measure parameters on the seismic responses of replicas and the interaction behavior between replicas and fixed measures have been explored.Based on the results,seismic effectiveness evaluation indexes of the tie up method are proposed.Reasonable suggestions for fixed strategies are given,which provide a basis for the exhibition of delicate museum collections considering the principle of minimizing seismic responses and intervention.The analysis results show that a larger ratio of height of mass center to bottom diameter led to more intense rocking responses.Increasing the initial pretension of fishing lines was conducive to reducing the seismic responses and stress variation of the lines.Through comprehensive consideration of the interaction forces and effective securement,it is recommended to apply 20%of breaking stress as the initial pretension.For specific museum collections that cannot be effectively protected by the independent tie up method,an optimized strategy of a combination of fishing lines and fasteners is recommended.展开更多
Pump chambers, normally used as dominant structures in mining engineering to insure the safety and production of un-derground coal mines, become generally deformed under conditions of deep mining. Given the geology an...Pump chambers, normally used as dominant structures in mining engineering to insure the safety and production of un-derground coal mines, become generally deformed under conditions of deep mining. Given the geology and engineering condition of Qishan Coal Mine in Xuzhou, the failure characteristics of pump chambers at the –1000 m level show that the main cause can be attributed to the spatial effect induced by intersectional chambers, where one pump is constructed per well. We developed an opti-mized design of the pump room, in which the pump wells in the traditional design are integrated into one compounding well. We suggest that the new design can limit the spatial effect of intersectional chambers during construction given our relevant numerical simulation. The new design is able to simplify the structure of the pump chamber and reduce the amount of excavation required. Based on a bolt-mesh-anchor with a rigid gap coupling supporting technology, the stability of pump chamber can be improved greatly.展开更多
The plow of the submarine plowing trencher is one of the main functional mechanisms, and its optimization is very important. The design parameters play a very significant role in determining the requirements of the to...The plow of the submarine plowing trencher is one of the main functional mechanisms, and its optimization is very important. The design parameters play a very significant role in determining the requirements of the towing force of a vessel. A multi-objective genetic algorithm based on analytical models of the plow surface has been examined and applied in efforts to obtain optimal design of the plow. For a specific soil condition, the draft force and moldboard surface area which are the key parameters in the working process of the plow are optimized by finding the corresponding optimal values of the plow blade penetration angle and two surface angles of the main cutting blade of the plow. Parameters such as the moldboard side angle of deviation, moldboard lift angle, angular variation of the tangent line, and the spanning length are also analyzed with respect to the force of the moldboard surface along soil flow direction. Results show that the optimized plow has an improved plow performance. The draft forces of the main cutting blade and the moldboard are 10.6% and 7%, respectively, less than the original design. The standard deviation of Gaussian curvature of moldboard is lowered by 64.5%, which implies that the smoothness of the optimized moldboard surface is much greater than the original.展开更多
A mathematical model has been established for the research on scissor elevator for ship passenger stairs.The kinematical and kinetic simulation analyses were carried out with MATLAB/Simulink.The relative kinetic relat...A mathematical model has been established for the research on scissor elevator for ship passenger stairs.The kinematical and kinetic simulation analyses were carried out with MATLAB/Simulink.The relative kinetic relation between hydraulic cylinder and other parts,as well as its rules of change has been found.A 3-D model of ship scissor elevator was established with Pro/E.The design of the mechanism was optimized in Pro/MECHANICA based on the findings from simulation analysis.Practice has proved that the design is scientific and reasonable and could serve as the theoretical guidance and reference for the design of scissor mechanism of other uses.展开更多
Introduction Blood flow provides a mechanical condition for blood cells and vessels,especially for endothelial cells.It is important to understand the mechanical characteristics of
Concepts for a virtual 3D space and a hyper-sphere are proposed and the formulae for determining the computable nodes of the mesh are derived.Then a new optimization design method('Virtual Mesh Method'or V.M.M...Concepts for a virtual 3D space and a hyper-sphere are proposed and the formulae for determining the computable nodes of the mesh are derived.Then a new optimization design method('Virtual Mesh Method'or V.M.M)is developed.Three examples are given,showing that the method proposed is especially suitable for the optimized design of complex structures,and that the global approximate optimal solution can be searched with remarkably reduced computational work.展开更多
The work takes a new liquid-cooling plate in a power battery with pin fins inside the channel as the object.A mathematical model is established via the central composite design of the response surface to study the rel...The work takes a new liquid-cooling plate in a power battery with pin fins inside the channel as the object.A mathematical model is established via the central composite design of the response surface to study the relationships among the length,width,height,and spacing of pin fins;the maximum temperature and temperature difference of the battery module;and the pressure drop of the liquid-cooling plate.Model accuracy is verified via variance analysis.The new liquid-cooling plate enables the power battery to work within an optimal temperature range.Appropriately increasing the length,width,and height and reducing the spacing of pin fins could reduce the temperature of the power battery module and improve the temperature uniformity.However,the pressure drop of the liquid-cooling plate increases.The structural parameters of the pin fins are optimized to minimize the maximum temperature and the temperature difference of the battery module as well as the pressure drop of the liquid-cooling plate.The errors between the values predicted and actual by the simulation test are 0.58%,4%,and 0.48%,respectively,which further verifies the model accuracy.The results reveal the influence of the structural parameters of the pin fins inside the liquid-cooling plate on its heat dissipation performance and pressure drop characteristics.A theoretical basis is provided for the design of liquid-cooling plates in power batteries and the optimization of structural parameters.展开更多
In order to accurately forecast the main engine fuel consumption and reduce the Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator(EEOI)of merchant ships in polar ice areas,the energy transfer relationship between ship-machine-p...In order to accurately forecast the main engine fuel consumption and reduce the Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator(EEOI)of merchant ships in polar ice areas,the energy transfer relationship between ship-machine-propeller is studied by analyzing the complex force situation during ship navigation and building a MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform based on multi-environmental resistance,propeller efficiency,main engine power,fuel consumption,fuel consumption rate and EEOI calculation module.Considering the environmental factors of wind,wave and ice,the route is divided into sections,the calculation of main engine power,main engine fuel consumption and EEOI for each section is completed,and the speed design is optimized based on the simulation model for each section.Under the requirements of the voyage plan,the optimization results show that the energy efficiency operation index of the whole route is reduced by 3.114%and the fuel consumption is reduced by 9.17 t.展开更多
G protein coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) is a kinase that regulates cardiac signaling activity. Inhibiting GRK2 is a promising mechanism for the treatment of heart failure (HF). Further development and optimization ...G protein coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) is a kinase that regulates cardiac signaling activity. Inhibiting GRK2 is a promising mechanism for the treatment of heart failure (HF). Further development and optimization of inhibitors targeting GRK2 are highly meaningful. Therefore, in order to design GRK2 inhibitors with better performance, the most active molecule was selected as a reference compound from a data set containing 4-pyridylhydrazone derivatives and triazole derivatives, and its scaffold was extracted as the initial scaffold. Then, a powerful optimization-based framework for de novo drug design, guided by binding affinity, was used to generate a virtual molecular library targeting GRK2. The binding affinity of each virtual compound in this dataset was predicted by our developed deep learning model, and the designed potential compound with high binding affinity was selected for molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. It was found that the designed potential molecule binds to the ATP site of GRK2, which consists of key amino acids including Arg199, Gly200, Phe202, Val205, Lys220, Met274 and Asp335. The scaffold of the molecule is stabilized mainly by H-bonding and hydrophobic contacts. Concurrently, the reference compound in the dataset was also simulated by docking. It was found that this molecule also binds to the ATP site of GRK2. In addition, its scaffold is stabilized mainly by H-bonding and π-cation stacking interactions with Lys220, as well as hydrophobic contacts. The above results show that the designed potential molecule has similar binding modes to the reference compound, supporting the effectiveness of our framework for activity-focused molecular design. Finally, we summarized the interaction characteristics of general GRK2 inhibitors and gained insight into their molecule-target binding mechanisms, thereby facilitating the expansion of lead to hit compound.展开更多
Inflatable deployable structures inspired by origami have significant applications in space missions such as solar arrays and antennas.In this paper,a generalized Miura-ori tubular cell(GMTC)is presented as the basic ...Inflatable deployable structures inspired by origami have significant applications in space missions such as solar arrays and antennas.In this paper,a generalized Miura-ori tubular cell(GMTC)is presented as the basic cell to design a family of inflatable origami tubular structures with the targeted configuration.First,the classification of rigid foldable degree-4 vertices is studied thoroughly.Since the proposed GMTC is comprised of forming units(FU)and linking units(LU),types of FUs and LUs are investigated based on the classification of degree-4 vertices,respectively.The rigid foldability of the GMTC is presented by studying the kinematics of the FUs and LUs.Volume of the GMTC is analyzed to investigate multistable configurations of the basic cell.The variations in volume of the GMTC offer great potential for developing the inflatable tubular structure.Design method and parametric optimization of the tubular structure with targeted configuration are proposed.The feasibility of the approach is validated by the approximation of four different cases,namely parabolic,semicircular,trapezoidal,and straight-arc hybrid tubular structures.展开更多
Underwater jet propulsion bio-inspired robots have typically been designed based on soft-bodied organisms, exhibiting relatively limited forms of locomotion. Scallop, a bivalve organism capable of jet propulsion, hold...Underwater jet propulsion bio-inspired robots have typically been designed based on soft-bodied organisms, exhibiting relatively limited forms of locomotion. Scallop, a bivalve organism capable of jet propulsion, holds significant importance in the study of underwater motion mechanisms. In this study, we present theoretical fluid mechanics analysis and modeling of the three distinct motion stages of scallops, providing parameterized descriptions of scallop locomotion mechanisms. Accordingly, three-stage adaptive motion control for the scallop robot and model-based robot configuration optimization design were achieved. An experimental platform and a robot prototype were built to validate the accuracy of the motion model and the effectiveness of the control strategy. Additionally, based on the models, future optimization directions for the robot are proposed.展开更多
The press-fit connector is a typical plug-and-play solderless connection,and it is widely used in signal transmission in fields such as communication and automotive devices.This paper focuses on inverse designing and ...The press-fit connector is a typical plug-and-play solderless connection,and it is widely used in signal transmission in fields such as communication and automotive devices.This paper focuses on inverse designing and optimization of geometric structure,as well as insertion-withdrawal forces of press-fit connector using artificial neural network(ANN)-assisted optimization method.The ANN model is established to approximate the relationship between geometric parameters and insertion-withdrawal forces,of which hyper-parameters of neural network are optimized to improve model performance.Two numerical methods are proposed for inverse designing structural parameters(Model-I)and multi-objective optimization of insertion-withdrawal forces(Model-II)of press-fit connector.In Model-I,a method for inverse designing structure parameters is established,of which an ANN model is coupled with single-objective optimization algorithm.The objective function is established,the inverse problem is solved,and effectiveness is verified.In Model-II,a multi-objective optimization method is proposed,of which an ANN model is coupled with genetic algorithm.The Pareto solution sets of insertion-withdrawal forces are obtained,and results are analyzed.The established ANN-coupled numerical optimization methods are beneficial for improving the design efficiency,and enhancing the connection reliability of the press-fit connector.展开更多
Finding an optimal isolator arrangement for asymmetric structures using traditional conceptual design methods that can significantly minimize torsional response while ensuring efficient horizontal seismic isolation is...Finding an optimal isolator arrangement for asymmetric structures using traditional conceptual design methods that can significantly minimize torsional response while ensuring efficient horizontal seismic isolation is cumbersome and inefficient.Thus,this work develops a multi-objective optimization method to enhance the torsional resistance of asymmetric base-isolated structures.The primary objective is to simultaneously minimize the interstory rotation of the superstructure,the rotation of the isolation layer,and the interstory displacement of the superstructure without exceeding the isolator displacement limits.A fast non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm(NSGA-Ⅱ)is employed to satisfy this optimization objective.Subsequently,the isolator arrangement,encompassing both positions and categories,is optimized according to this multi-objective optimization method.Additionally,an optimization design platform is developed to streamline the design operation.This platform integrates the input of optimization parameters,the output of optimization results,the finite element analysis,and the multi-objective optimization method proposed herein.Finally,the application of this multi-objective optimization method and its associated platform are demonstrated on two asymmetric base-isolated structures of varying heights and plan configurations.The results indicate that the optimal isolator arrangement derived from the optimization method can further improve the control over the lateral and torsional responses of asymmetric base-isolated structures compared to conventional conceptual design methods.Notably,the interstory rotation of the optimal base-isolated structure is significantly reduced,constituting only approximately 33.7%of that observed in the original base-isolated structure.The proposed platform facilitates the automatic generation of the optimal design scheme for the isolators of asymmetric base-isolated structures,offering valuable insights and guidance for the burgeoning field of intelligent civil engineering design.展开更多
The reverse operation of existing centrifugal pumps,commonly referred to as“Pump as Turbine”(PAT),is a key approach for recovering liquid pressure energy.As a type of hydraulic machinery characterized by a simple st...The reverse operation of existing centrifugal pumps,commonly referred to as“Pump as Turbine”(PAT),is a key approach for recovering liquid pressure energy.As a type of hydraulic machinery characterized by a simple structure and user-friendly operation,PAT holds significant promise for application in industrial waste energy recovery systems.This paper reviews recent advancements in this field,with a focus on pump type selection,performance prediction,and optimization design.First,the advantages of various prototype pumps,including centrifugal,axial-flow,mixed-flow,screw,and plunger pumps,are examined in specific application scenarios while analyzing their suitability for turbine operation.Next,performance prediction techniques for PATs are discussed,encompassing theoretical calculations,numerical simulations,and experimental testing.Special emphasis is placed on the crucial role of Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)and internal flow field testing technologies in analyzing PAT internal flow characteristics.Additionally,the impact of multi-objective optimization methods and the application of advanced materials on PAT performance enhancement is addressed.Finally,based on current research findings and existing technical challenges,this review also indicates future development directions;in particular,four key breakthrough areas are identified:advanced materials,innovative design methodologies,internal flow diagnostics,and in-depth analysis of critical components.展开更多
The Distributed Propulsion Wing(DPW)presents prominent advantages in terms of energy conservation during flight,but the intense integration of propulsive internal flow with aerodynamic external flow brings significant...The Distributed Propulsion Wing(DPW)presents prominent advantages in terms of energy conservation during flight,but the intense integration of propulsive internal flow with aerodynamic external flow brings significant design challenges.To tackle this issue,this paper undertakes a comprehensive investigation of the aero-propulsive coupling performance of the DPW under both hovering and cruising conditions,and subsequently proposes a multi-level collaboration optimization design method based on the decomposition principle.Specifically,the complex 3D surfaces of DPW are systematically dissociated into simple 2D curves with inherent relationships for design.The decomposition is achieved based on the analysis results of the aero-propulsive coupling characteristics.And a DPW design case is conducted and subsequently analyzed in order to further validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed design method.It is shown that a 115.75%drag reduction of DPW can be achieved at cruise under a specified thrust level.Furthermore,the DPW exhibits inherent characteristics of consistent lift-to-drag ratio with the thrust-drag balance constraint,regardless of variations in incoming flow velocity or total thrust.展开更多
Additive Manufacturing(AM)has significantly impacted the development of high-performance materials and structures,offering new possibilities for industries ranging from aerospace to biomedicine.This special issue feat...Additive Manufacturing(AM)has significantly impacted the development of high-performance materials and structures,offering new possibilities for industries ranging from aerospace to biomedicine.This special issue features pioneering research that integrates AI-driven methods with AM,enabling the design and fabrication of complex,optimized structures with enhanced properties.展开更多
In an aging society,the interface design of smart home products is crucial to the quality of life of the elderly.This paper combines Quality Function Deployment(QFD)and Human-Computer Interaction(HCI)theories,taking s...In an aging society,the interface design of smart home products is crucial to the quality of life of the elderly.This paper combines Quality Function Deployment(QFD)and Human-Computer Interaction(HCI)theories,taking smart washing machines as an example,to explore new paths for the interface design of smart home products for the elderly.An interdisciplinary approach is adopted to construct a design process centered on elderly users,introduce the Kano model to classify requirements,realize the mapping and sorting of requirements to design parameters,and adopt the PUGH model for comprehensive evaluation.This study provides practical and theoretical support for the interface design of smart home products for the elderly.展开更多
Unlike traditional propeller-driven underwater vehicles,blended-wing-body underwater gliders(BWBUGs)achieve zigzag gliding through periodic adjustments of their net buoyancy,enhancing their cruising capabilities while...Unlike traditional propeller-driven underwater vehicles,blended-wing-body underwater gliders(BWBUGs)achieve zigzag gliding through periodic adjustments of their net buoyancy,enhancing their cruising capabilities while mini-mizing energy consumption.However,enhancing gliding performance is challenging due to the complex system design and limited design experience.To address this challenge,this paper introduces a model-based,multidisciplinary system design optimization method for BWBUGs at the conceptual design stage.First,a model-based,multidisciplinary co-simulation design framework is established to evaluate both system-level and disciplinary indices of BWBUG performance.A data-driven,many-objective multidisciplinary optimization is subsequently employed to explore the design space,yielding 32 Pareto optimal solutions.Finally,a model-based physical system simulation,which represents the design with the largest hyper-volume contribution among the 32 final designs,is established.Its gliding perfor-mance,validated by component behavior,lays the groundwork for constructing the entire system’s digital prototype.In conclusion,this model-based,multidisciplinary design optimization method effectively generates design schemes for innovative underwater vehicles,facilitating the development of digital prototypes.展开更多
In order to improve the accuracy and stability of transplanting machine seedling picking,a seedling pick-up mechanism was designed,which was controlled by a controller and driven by brushless DC servo motor.At the sam...In order to improve the accuracy and stability of transplanting machine seedling picking,a seedling pick-up mechanism was designed,which was controlled by a controller and driven by brushless DC servo motor.At the same time,the parameters of the seedling manipulator were optimized:the mathematical model for the seedling pick-up mechanism was established.According to the predetermined trajectory requirements,the objective function and constraint conditions were proposed,and then the optimal size was obtained by a multi-objective genetic algorithm.At last,Automatic Dynamic Analysis of Mechanical Systems(ADAMS)software was used to simulate and analyze the kinematics and trajectory of the seedling pick-up mechanism,and the mechanism was tested to verify the effectiveness of the mechanism prototype.The experiments showed that the success rate of seedling picking was 94.32%,the rate of acceptably planted seedlings was 96.67%,and the rate of excellently planted seedlings was 63.48%.展开更多
The forming process of biomass fuel pellets using a ring mold pelletizer was analyzed,optimized,tested and evaluated in this study.The effects of stress amplitude and the stress ratio on the fatigue failure of the rin...The forming process of biomass fuel pellets using a ring mold pelletizer was analyzed,optimized,tested and evaluated in this study.The effects of stress amplitude and the stress ratio on the fatigue failure of the ring mold under 4-,3-,and 2-roller designs were investigated.Depending on the calculation of stress amplitude acting on the ring mold,the 4-roller design was chosen for having the smallest value of stress amplitude in this condition.After determining the main design parameters,a three-dimensional model of the ring mold pelletizer was established based on the Pro/Engineer software,and the model was transferred into ADAMS software through Mechanism/Pro which is a dedicated interface software.The ADAMS software was used to run simulations.In order to obtain the highest efficiency and the lowest power consumption,the optimal result was the 4-roller design.Finally,a prototype of the ring mold pelletizer with four rollers was designed and manufactured for biomass fuel pellet production.Corn stover biomass was used as material for experimental manufacturing of fuel pellets.Test and evaluation showed that the optimized pellet durability was 99.79%with ground corn stover particles passing a screen size of 1.97 mm,moisture content of 21.2%w.b.and a material moisture conditioning time of 3.82 h.Pellets formed in the prototype ring mold pelletizer using corn stover had acceptable durability according to European standards.展开更多
基金Beijing Nova Program under Grant No.2022036National Key Research and Development Program under Grant No.2019YFC1521000。
文摘To quantify the seismic effectiveness of the most commonly used fishing line tie up method for securing museum collections and optimize fixed strategies for exhibitions,shaking table tests of the seismic systems used for typical museum collection replicas have been carried out.The influence of body shape and fixed measure parameters on the seismic responses of replicas and the interaction behavior between replicas and fixed measures have been explored.Based on the results,seismic effectiveness evaluation indexes of the tie up method are proposed.Reasonable suggestions for fixed strategies are given,which provide a basis for the exhibition of delicate museum collections considering the principle of minimizing seismic responses and intervention.The analysis results show that a larger ratio of height of mass center to bottom diameter led to more intense rocking responses.Increasing the initial pretension of fishing lines was conducive to reducing the seismic responses and stress variation of the lines.Through comprehensive consideration of the interaction forces and effective securement,it is recommended to apply 20%of breaking stress as the initial pretension.For specific museum collections that cannot be effectively protected by the independent tie up method,an optimized strategy of a combination of fishing lines and fasteners is recommended.
基金supported by the Major Project of the National Basic Research Program of China (No2006CB202200)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Uni-versity (NoNCET07-0800)the Special Fund for Basic Research and Operating Expenses of the China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing and the Academician workstation in enterprise of Jiangsu Province (No.BM2009563)
文摘Pump chambers, normally used as dominant structures in mining engineering to insure the safety and production of un-derground coal mines, become generally deformed under conditions of deep mining. Given the geology and engineering condition of Qishan Coal Mine in Xuzhou, the failure characteristics of pump chambers at the –1000 m level show that the main cause can be attributed to the spatial effect induced by intersectional chambers, where one pump is constructed per well. We developed an opti-mized design of the pump room, in which the pump wells in the traditional design are integrated into one compounding well. We suggest that the new design can limit the spatial effect of intersectional chambers during construction given our relevant numerical simulation. The new design is able to simplify the structure of the pump chamber and reduce the amount of excavation required. Based on a bolt-mesh-anchor with a rigid gap coupling supporting technology, the stability of pump chamber can be improved greatly.
基金Supported the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 51179040） Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province （No. E200904）
文摘The plow of the submarine plowing trencher is one of the main functional mechanisms, and its optimization is very important. The design parameters play a very significant role in determining the requirements of the towing force of a vessel. A multi-objective genetic algorithm based on analytical models of the plow surface has been examined and applied in efforts to obtain optimal design of the plow. For a specific soil condition, the draft force and moldboard surface area which are the key parameters in the working process of the plow are optimized by finding the corresponding optimal values of the plow blade penetration angle and two surface angles of the main cutting blade of the plow. Parameters such as the moldboard side angle of deviation, moldboard lift angle, angular variation of the tangent line, and the spanning length are also analyzed with respect to the force of the moldboard surface along soil flow direction. Results show that the optimized plow has an improved plow performance. The draft forces of the main cutting blade and the moldboard are 10.6% and 7%, respectively, less than the original design. The standard deviation of Gaussian curvature of moldboard is lowered by 64.5%, which implies that the smoothness of the optimized moldboard surface is much greater than the original.
文摘A mathematical model has been established for the research on scissor elevator for ship passenger stairs.The kinematical and kinetic simulation analyses were carried out with MATLAB/Simulink.The relative kinetic relation between hydraulic cylinder and other parts,as well as its rules of change has been found.A 3-D model of ship scissor elevator was established with Pro/E.The design of the mechanism was optimized in Pro/MECHANICA based on the findings from simulation analysis.Practice has proved that the design is scientific and reasonable and could serve as the theoretical guidance and reference for the design of scissor mechanism of other uses.
基金supported by grant from National Natural Science Foundation of China No10772127,30570450Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University NCET-06-0789Sichaun Youth Science and Technology Foundation 06ZQ026-009
文摘Introduction Blood flow provides a mechanical condition for blood cells and vessels,especially for endothelial cells.It is important to understand the mechanical characteristics of
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province,China(No.0311010400).
文摘Concepts for a virtual 3D space and a hyper-sphere are proposed and the formulae for determining the computable nodes of the mesh are derived.Then a new optimization design method('Virtual Mesh Method'or V.M.M)is developed.Three examples are given,showing that the method proposed is especially suitable for the optimized design of complex structures,and that the global approximate optimal solution can be searched with remarkably reduced computational work.
基金supported by the Education and Teaching Research Project of Universities in Fujian Province(FBJY20230167).
文摘The work takes a new liquid-cooling plate in a power battery with pin fins inside the channel as the object.A mathematical model is established via the central composite design of the response surface to study the relationships among the length,width,height,and spacing of pin fins;the maximum temperature and temperature difference of the battery module;and the pressure drop of the liquid-cooling plate.Model accuracy is verified via variance analysis.The new liquid-cooling plate enables the power battery to work within an optimal temperature range.Appropriately increasing the length,width,and height and reducing the spacing of pin fins could reduce the temperature of the power battery module and improve the temperature uniformity.However,the pressure drop of the liquid-cooling plate increases.The structural parameters of the pin fins are optimized to minimize the maximum temperature and the temperature difference of the battery module as well as the pressure drop of the liquid-cooling plate.The errors between the values predicted and actual by the simulation test are 0.58%,4%,and 0.48%,respectively,which further verifies the model accuracy.The results reveal the influence of the structural parameters of the pin fins inside the liquid-cooling plate on its heat dissipation performance and pressure drop characteristics.A theoretical basis is provided for the design of liquid-cooling plates in power batteries and the optimization of structural parameters.
文摘In order to accurately forecast the main engine fuel consumption and reduce the Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator(EEOI)of merchant ships in polar ice areas,the energy transfer relationship between ship-machine-propeller is studied by analyzing the complex force situation during ship navigation and building a MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform based on multi-environmental resistance,propeller efficiency,main engine power,fuel consumption,fuel consumption rate and EEOI calculation module.Considering the environmental factors of wind,wave and ice,the route is divided into sections,the calculation of main engine power,main engine fuel consumption and EEOI for each section is completed,and the speed design is optimized based on the simulation model for each section.Under the requirements of the voyage plan,the optimization results show that the energy efficiency operation index of the whole route is reduced by 3.114%and the fuel consumption is reduced by 9.17 t.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Excellent Young Scientist Fund(22422801)the National Natural Science Foundation of China General Project(22278053)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China General Project(22078041)Dalian High-level Talents Innovation Support Program(2023RQ059).
文摘G protein coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) is a kinase that regulates cardiac signaling activity. Inhibiting GRK2 is a promising mechanism for the treatment of heart failure (HF). Further development and optimization of inhibitors targeting GRK2 are highly meaningful. Therefore, in order to design GRK2 inhibitors with better performance, the most active molecule was selected as a reference compound from a data set containing 4-pyridylhydrazone derivatives and triazole derivatives, and its scaffold was extracted as the initial scaffold. Then, a powerful optimization-based framework for de novo drug design, guided by binding affinity, was used to generate a virtual molecular library targeting GRK2. The binding affinity of each virtual compound in this dataset was predicted by our developed deep learning model, and the designed potential compound with high binding affinity was selected for molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. It was found that the designed potential molecule binds to the ATP site of GRK2, which consists of key amino acids including Arg199, Gly200, Phe202, Val205, Lys220, Met274 and Asp335. The scaffold of the molecule is stabilized mainly by H-bonding and hydrophobic contacts. Concurrently, the reference compound in the dataset was also simulated by docking. It was found that this molecule also binds to the ATP site of GRK2. In addition, its scaffold is stabilized mainly by H-bonding and π-cation stacking interactions with Lys220, as well as hydrophobic contacts. The above results show that the designed potential molecule has similar binding modes to the reference compound, supporting the effectiveness of our framework for activity-focused molecular design. Finally, we summarized the interaction characteristics of general GRK2 inhibitors and gained insight into their molecule-target binding mechanisms, thereby facilitating the expansion of lead to hit compound.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52222501,52075016,52192632)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.YWF-23-L-904).
文摘Inflatable deployable structures inspired by origami have significant applications in space missions such as solar arrays and antennas.In this paper,a generalized Miura-ori tubular cell(GMTC)is presented as the basic cell to design a family of inflatable origami tubular structures with the targeted configuration.First,the classification of rigid foldable degree-4 vertices is studied thoroughly.Since the proposed GMTC is comprised of forming units(FU)and linking units(LU),types of FUs and LUs are investigated based on the classification of degree-4 vertices,respectively.The rigid foldability of the GMTC is presented by studying the kinematics of the FUs and LUs.Volume of the GMTC is analyzed to investigate multistable configurations of the basic cell.The variations in volume of the GMTC offer great potential for developing the inflatable tubular structure.Design method and parametric optimization of the tubular structure with targeted configuration are proposed.The feasibility of the approach is validated by the approximation of four different cases,namely parabolic,semicircular,trapezoidal,and straight-arc hybrid tubular structures.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.30922010719).
文摘Underwater jet propulsion bio-inspired robots have typically been designed based on soft-bodied organisms, exhibiting relatively limited forms of locomotion. Scallop, a bivalve organism capable of jet propulsion, holds significant importance in the study of underwater motion mechanisms. In this study, we present theoretical fluid mechanics analysis and modeling of the three distinct motion stages of scallops, providing parameterized descriptions of scallop locomotion mechanisms. Accordingly, three-stage adaptive motion control for the scallop robot and model-based robot configuration optimization design were achieved. An experimental platform and a robot prototype were built to validate the accuracy of the motion model and the effectiveness of the control strategy. Additionally, based on the models, future optimization directions for the robot are proposed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52005378)the opening project fund of Materials Service Safety Assessment Facilities(No.MSAF-2021-107).
文摘The press-fit connector is a typical plug-and-play solderless connection,and it is widely used in signal transmission in fields such as communication and automotive devices.This paper focuses on inverse designing and optimization of geometric structure,as well as insertion-withdrawal forces of press-fit connector using artificial neural network(ANN)-assisted optimization method.The ANN model is established to approximate the relationship between geometric parameters and insertion-withdrawal forces,of which hyper-parameters of neural network are optimized to improve model performance.Two numerical methods are proposed for inverse designing structural parameters(Model-I)and multi-objective optimization of insertion-withdrawal forces(Model-II)of press-fit connector.In Model-I,a method for inverse designing structure parameters is established,of which an ANN model is coupled with single-objective optimization algorithm.The objective function is established,the inverse problem is solved,and effectiveness is verified.In Model-II,a multi-objective optimization method is proposed,of which an ANN model is coupled with genetic algorithm.The Pareto solution sets of insertion-withdrawal forces are obtained,and results are analyzed.The established ANN-coupled numerical optimization methods are beneficial for improving the design efficiency,and enhancing the connection reliability of the press-fit connector.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.52278490。
文摘Finding an optimal isolator arrangement for asymmetric structures using traditional conceptual design methods that can significantly minimize torsional response while ensuring efficient horizontal seismic isolation is cumbersome and inefficient.Thus,this work develops a multi-objective optimization method to enhance the torsional resistance of asymmetric base-isolated structures.The primary objective is to simultaneously minimize the interstory rotation of the superstructure,the rotation of the isolation layer,and the interstory displacement of the superstructure without exceeding the isolator displacement limits.A fast non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm(NSGA-Ⅱ)is employed to satisfy this optimization objective.Subsequently,the isolator arrangement,encompassing both positions and categories,is optimized according to this multi-objective optimization method.Additionally,an optimization design platform is developed to streamline the design operation.This platform integrates the input of optimization parameters,the output of optimization results,the finite element analysis,and the multi-objective optimization method proposed herein.Finally,the application of this multi-objective optimization method and its associated platform are demonstrated on two asymmetric base-isolated structures of varying heights and plan configurations.The results indicate that the optimal isolator arrangement derived from the optimization method can further improve the control over the lateral and torsional responses of asymmetric base-isolated structures compared to conventional conceptual design methods.Notably,the interstory rotation of the optimal base-isolated structure is significantly reduced,constituting only approximately 33.7%of that observed in the original base-isolated structure.The proposed platform facilitates the automatic generation of the optimal design scheme for the isolators of asymmetric base-isolated structures,offering valuable insights and guidance for the burgeoning field of intelligent civil engineering design.
基金supported by Science and Technology Project of Quzhou(Nos.2023K256,2023NC08,2022K41)Research Grants Program of Department of Education of Zhejiang Province(Nos.Y202455709,Y202456243)Hunan Province Key Field R&D Plan Project(No.2022GK2068).
文摘The reverse operation of existing centrifugal pumps,commonly referred to as“Pump as Turbine”(PAT),is a key approach for recovering liquid pressure energy.As a type of hydraulic machinery characterized by a simple structure and user-friendly operation,PAT holds significant promise for application in industrial waste energy recovery systems.This paper reviews recent advancements in this field,with a focus on pump type selection,performance prediction,and optimization design.First,the advantages of various prototype pumps,including centrifugal,axial-flow,mixed-flow,screw,and plunger pumps,are examined in specific application scenarios while analyzing their suitability for turbine operation.Next,performance prediction techniques for PATs are discussed,encompassing theoretical calculations,numerical simulations,and experimental testing.Special emphasis is placed on the crucial role of Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)and internal flow field testing technologies in analyzing PAT internal flow characteristics.Additionally,the impact of multi-objective optimization methods and the application of advanced materials on PAT performance enhancement is addressed.Finally,based on current research findings and existing technical challenges,this review also indicates future development directions;in particular,four key breakthrough areas are identified:advanced materials,innovative design methodologies,internal flow diagnostics,and in-depth analysis of critical components.
基金co-supported by the Equipment Advance Research Project of China(No.50911040803)the National Defense Pre-research Foundation of China(No.2021-JCJQJJ-0805)the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.2024Z006053001)。
文摘The Distributed Propulsion Wing(DPW)presents prominent advantages in terms of energy conservation during flight,but the intense integration of propulsive internal flow with aerodynamic external flow brings significant design challenges.To tackle this issue,this paper undertakes a comprehensive investigation of the aero-propulsive coupling performance of the DPW under both hovering and cruising conditions,and subsequently proposes a multi-level collaboration optimization design method based on the decomposition principle.Specifically,the complex 3D surfaces of DPW are systematically dissociated into simple 2D curves with inherent relationships for design.The decomposition is achieved based on the analysis results of the aero-propulsive coupling characteristics.And a DPW design case is conducted and subsequently analyzed in order to further validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed design method.It is shown that a 115.75%drag reduction of DPW can be achieved at cruise under a specified thrust level.Furthermore,the DPW exhibits inherent characteristics of consistent lift-to-drag ratio with the thrust-drag balance constraint,regardless of variations in incoming flow velocity or total thrust.
文摘Additive Manufacturing(AM)has significantly impacted the development of high-performance materials and structures,offering new possibilities for industries ranging from aerospace to biomedicine.This special issue features pioneering research that integrates AI-driven methods with AM,enabling the design and fabrication of complex,optimized structures with enhanced properties.
文摘In an aging society,the interface design of smart home products is crucial to the quality of life of the elderly.This paper combines Quality Function Deployment(QFD)and Human-Computer Interaction(HCI)theories,taking smart washing machines as an example,to explore new paths for the interface design of smart home products for the elderly.An interdisciplinary approach is adopted to construct a design process centered on elderly users,introduce the Kano model to classify requirements,realize the mapping and sorting of requirements to design parameters,and adopt the PUGH model for comprehensive evaluation.This study provides practical and theoretical support for the interface design of smart home products for the elderly.
基金supported by the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(Grant No.GZC20242194)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52175251 and 52205268)+1 种基金the Industry Key Technology Research Fund Project of Northwestern Polytechnical University(Grant No.HYGJXM202318)the National Basic Scientific Research Program(Grant No.JCKY2021206B005).
文摘Unlike traditional propeller-driven underwater vehicles,blended-wing-body underwater gliders(BWBUGs)achieve zigzag gliding through periodic adjustments of their net buoyancy,enhancing their cruising capabilities while mini-mizing energy consumption.However,enhancing gliding performance is challenging due to the complex system design and limited design experience.To address this challenge,this paper introduces a model-based,multidisciplinary system design optimization method for BWBUGs at the conceptual design stage.First,a model-based,multidisciplinary co-simulation design framework is established to evaluate both system-level and disciplinary indices of BWBUG performance.A data-driven,many-objective multidisciplinary optimization is subsequently employed to explore the design space,yielding 32 Pareto optimal solutions.Finally,a model-based physical system simulation,which represents the design with the largest hyper-volume contribution among the 32 final designs,is established.Its gliding perfor-mance,validated by component behavior,lays the groundwork for constructing the entire system’s digital prototype.In conclusion,this model-based,multidisciplinary design optimization method effectively generates design schemes for innovative underwater vehicles,facilitating the development of digital prototypes.
基金This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51775104).
文摘In order to improve the accuracy and stability of transplanting machine seedling picking,a seedling pick-up mechanism was designed,which was controlled by a controller and driven by brushless DC servo motor.At the same time,the parameters of the seedling manipulator were optimized:the mathematical model for the seedling pick-up mechanism was established.According to the predetermined trajectory requirements,the objective function and constraint conditions were proposed,and then the optimal size was obtained by a multi-objective genetic algorithm.At last,Automatic Dynamic Analysis of Mechanical Systems(ADAMS)software was used to simulate and analyze the kinematics and trajectory of the seedling pick-up mechanism,and the mechanism was tested to verify the effectiveness of the mechanism prototype.The experiments showed that the success rate of seedling picking was 94.32%,the rate of acceptably planted seedlings was 96.67%,and the rate of excellently planted seedlings was 63.48%.
基金the financial support received from the China Scholarship Council(201308210283)the national Spark Program(2015GA650012)+1 种基金the Cultivation Plan for Youth Agricultural Science and Technology Innovative Talents of Liaoning Province(2014053)the funding provided by Youth Fund of Shenyang Agricultural University(20121002)。
文摘The forming process of biomass fuel pellets using a ring mold pelletizer was analyzed,optimized,tested and evaluated in this study.The effects of stress amplitude and the stress ratio on the fatigue failure of the ring mold under 4-,3-,and 2-roller designs were investigated.Depending on the calculation of stress amplitude acting on the ring mold,the 4-roller design was chosen for having the smallest value of stress amplitude in this condition.After determining the main design parameters,a three-dimensional model of the ring mold pelletizer was established based on the Pro/Engineer software,and the model was transferred into ADAMS software through Mechanism/Pro which is a dedicated interface software.The ADAMS software was used to run simulations.In order to obtain the highest efficiency and the lowest power consumption,the optimal result was the 4-roller design.Finally,a prototype of the ring mold pelletizer with four rollers was designed and manufactured for biomass fuel pellet production.Corn stover biomass was used as material for experimental manufacturing of fuel pellets.Test and evaluation showed that the optimized pellet durability was 99.79%with ground corn stover particles passing a screen size of 1.97 mm,moisture content of 21.2%w.b.and a material moisture conditioning time of 3.82 h.Pellets formed in the prototype ring mold pelletizer using corn stover had acceptable durability according to European standards.
