为了检验北京大学街区尺度模式BSMPKU(Block Scale Model of Peking University)在城市大气环境研究中的适用性,首先利用Thompson风洞试验的数据集对BSMPKU模式进行了验证,并将其模拟结果与Open FOAM(Open Source Field Operation and M...为了检验北京大学街区尺度模式BSMPKU(Block Scale Model of Peking University)在城市大气环境研究中的适用性,首先利用Thompson风洞试验的数据集对BSMPKU模式进行了验证,并将其模拟结果与Open FOAM(Open Source Field Operation and Manipulation)的模拟结果进行比较,然后将BSMPKU模式应用在复杂的实际建筑物群中,进行了3种不同交通线源排放的理想数值模拟研究。结果表明:1)对于单个建筑物,随建筑物宽度增加,建筑物迎风面回流区和建筑物背风面的尾流涡区范围增大;2)BSMPKU和Open FOAM对单个建筑物周围的流场及浓度场有较好的模拟能力;3)与基于高斯扩散理论的AERMOD相比,BSMPKU和Open FOAM能更好地模拟出建筑物周围的浓度场,但两个模式的模拟结果都与实测值存在一定误差;4)在实际小区中,受建筑物群影响,建筑物群内的流场分布比较复杂,大部分地区风速大幅下降,建筑物群内污染物浓度场的分布受排放源位置和走向的影响很大;5)BSMPKU能较好地模拟出实际城区的流场和浓度场分布,具有一定模拟和预报复杂城区污染物扩散过程的能力。展开更多
To evaluate the trapped wave energy and energy loss, the problem of wave scattering by twin fixed vertical surface- piercing plates over a stepped bottom is numerically simulated using the open source package OpenFOAM...To evaluate the trapped wave energy and energy loss, the problem of wave scattering by twin fixed vertical surface- piercing plates over a stepped bottom is numerically simulated using the open source package OpenFOAM and the associated toolbox waves2Foam. The volume of fluid (VOF) method was employed to capture the free surface in the time domain. The validation of the present numerical model was performed by comparing with both the analytical and experimental results. The effects of the spacing between two plates and the configuration of stepped bottom on the hydrodynamic characteristics, such as reflection and transmission coefficients, viscous dissipation ratio, and relative wave height between the plates (termed as trapped wave energy), were examined. Moreover, the nonlinear effects of the incident wave height on the hydrodynamic characteristics were addressed as well. The results show that the step configuration can be tuned for efficient-performance of wave damping, and the optimum configurations of the step length B, the step height h1 and the spacing b, separately equaling λ/4, 3h/4, and 0.05h (λ and h are the wavelength and the water depth, respectively), are recommended for the trapping of wave energy.展开更多
文摘为了检验北京大学街区尺度模式BSMPKU(Block Scale Model of Peking University)在城市大气环境研究中的适用性,首先利用Thompson风洞试验的数据集对BSMPKU模式进行了验证,并将其模拟结果与Open FOAM(Open Source Field Operation and Manipulation)的模拟结果进行比较,然后将BSMPKU模式应用在复杂的实际建筑物群中,进行了3种不同交通线源排放的理想数值模拟研究。结果表明:1)对于单个建筑物,随建筑物宽度增加,建筑物迎风面回流区和建筑物背风面的尾流涡区范围增大;2)BSMPKU和Open FOAM对单个建筑物周围的流场及浓度场有较好的模拟能力;3)与基于高斯扩散理论的AERMOD相比,BSMPKU和Open FOAM能更好地模拟出建筑物周围的浓度场,但两个模式的模拟结果都与实测值存在一定误差;4)在实际小区中,受建筑物群影响,建筑物群内的流场分布比较复杂,大部分地区风速大幅下降,建筑物群内污染物浓度场的分布受排放源位置和走向的影响很大;5)BSMPKU能较好地模拟出实际城区的流场和浓度场分布,具有一定模拟和预报复杂城区污染物扩散过程的能力。
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11702244,51679014,51809209)the Joint Fund of Zhoushan City and Zhejiang University(Grant No.2017C82223)the Open Fund of Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Hydropower Development(Grant No.PKLHD201707)
文摘To evaluate the trapped wave energy and energy loss, the problem of wave scattering by twin fixed vertical surface- piercing plates over a stepped bottom is numerically simulated using the open source package OpenFOAM and the associated toolbox waves2Foam. The volume of fluid (VOF) method was employed to capture the free surface in the time domain. The validation of the present numerical model was performed by comparing with both the analytical and experimental results. The effects of the spacing between two plates and the configuration of stepped bottom on the hydrodynamic characteristics, such as reflection and transmission coefficients, viscous dissipation ratio, and relative wave height between the plates (termed as trapped wave energy), were examined. Moreover, the nonlinear effects of the incident wave height on the hydrodynamic characteristics were addressed as well. The results show that the step configuration can be tuned for efficient-performance of wave damping, and the optimum configurations of the step length B, the step height h1 and the spacing b, separately equaling λ/4, 3h/4, and 0.05h (λ and h are the wavelength and the water depth, respectively), are recommended for the trapping of wave energy.
