Relaxed open-mouth display serves important social functions in relation to submission, reconciliation affiliation and reassurance among non-human primate societies; however, quantitative evidence on this behavior rem...Relaxed open-mouth display serves important social functions in relation to submission, reconciliation affiliation and reassurance among non-human primate societies; however, quantitative evidence on this behavior remains insufficient among multi-level social groups. From July to November 2016, we examined four potential functions of the relaxed open-mouth display during pairwise, intra-unit social interactions among 18 free-ranging adult and sub-adult golden snub-nosed monkeys(Rhinopithecus roxellana) who belonged to three one-male, multi-female units(OMU) at Dalongtan, Shennongjia National Park China. Results showed that: compared with no relaxed open-mouth display,(1) the occurrence of displacement by a dominant individual approaching a subordinate was lower and the distance of the subordinate to the approaching dominant was shorter when the subordinate showed open-mouth display;(2) relaxed open-mouth display reduced the probability of continued attack for victims of aggression and allowed victims to achieve closer proximity to the aggressor during post-conflict periods;(3) relaxed open-mouth display by dominant individuals allowed them to achieve closer proximity to subordinates; and(4) the exchange of relaxed open-mouth display had a greater impact on the outcome of interactions than one individual alone giving this signal. These findings suggest that relaxed open-mouth display serves important functions regarding submission, reconciliation, affiliation and reassurance in coordinating social interactions within OMUs in golden snub-nosed monkeys.展开更多
冠突过长(coronoid process hyperplasia,CPH)是一种罕见的下颌骨发育异常疾病,主要表现为无痛性进行性开口受限,易与颞下颌关节紊乱病混淆。本文报告1例因冠突骨性过长引起严重开口受限的病例,经口腔内入路行冠突切除术后开口度明显改...冠突过长(coronoid process hyperplasia,CPH)是一种罕见的下颌骨发育异常疾病,主要表现为无痛性进行性开口受限,易与颞下颌关节紊乱病混淆。本文报告1例因冠突骨性过长引起严重开口受限的病例,经口腔内入路行冠突切除术后开口度明显改善。对于临床表现为无痛性开口受限的患者,应考虑到CPH的可能,尽早行CBCT检查以避免误诊。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31670397,31870509)Science Foundation of the State Forestry Administration of China
文摘Relaxed open-mouth display serves important social functions in relation to submission, reconciliation affiliation and reassurance among non-human primate societies; however, quantitative evidence on this behavior remains insufficient among multi-level social groups. From July to November 2016, we examined four potential functions of the relaxed open-mouth display during pairwise, intra-unit social interactions among 18 free-ranging adult and sub-adult golden snub-nosed monkeys(Rhinopithecus roxellana) who belonged to three one-male, multi-female units(OMU) at Dalongtan, Shennongjia National Park China. Results showed that: compared with no relaxed open-mouth display,(1) the occurrence of displacement by a dominant individual approaching a subordinate was lower and the distance of the subordinate to the approaching dominant was shorter when the subordinate showed open-mouth display;(2) relaxed open-mouth display reduced the probability of continued attack for victims of aggression and allowed victims to achieve closer proximity to the aggressor during post-conflict periods;(3) relaxed open-mouth display by dominant individuals allowed them to achieve closer proximity to subordinates; and(4) the exchange of relaxed open-mouth display had a greater impact on the outcome of interactions than one individual alone giving this signal. These findings suggest that relaxed open-mouth display serves important functions regarding submission, reconciliation, affiliation and reassurance in coordinating social interactions within OMUs in golden snub-nosed monkeys.
文摘冠突过长(coronoid process hyperplasia,CPH)是一种罕见的下颌骨发育异常疾病,主要表现为无痛性进行性开口受限,易与颞下颌关节紊乱病混淆。本文报告1例因冠突骨性过长引起严重开口受限的病例,经口腔内入路行冠突切除术后开口度明显改善。对于临床表现为无痛性开口受限的患者,应考虑到CPH的可能,尽早行CBCT检查以避免误诊。
