Visible light photocatalytic redox catalysis has become a powerful tool for organic synthesis, and has opened up new avenues for the formation of challenging structural skeletons and chemical bonds. In this respect, d...Visible light photocatalytic redox catalysis has become a powerful tool for organic synthesis, and has opened up new avenues for the formation of challenging structural skeletons and chemical bonds. In this respect, diverse photocatalysts, including ruthenium(II), iridium(Ⅲ), and organic dyes, have been most commonly applied.展开更多
A new kind of open type breakwaters was proposed based on the concept of wave energy conversion. The excellent feature of the structure is that it can absorb and utilize the wave energy to dissipate waves. The effects...A new kind of open type breakwaters was proposed based on the concept of wave energy conversion. The excellent feature of the structure is that it can absorb and utilize the wave energy to dissipate waves. The effects of some factors, such as the configuration insides, the geometrical parameters and the relative width (the ratio of the width to the wave length), on the performance of the breakwater were discussed based on a series of regular wave tests in the wave flume. The hydrodynamic characteristics of the new open type breakwater were analyzed in detail, and the structure was optimized to improve the performance of the breakwater to effectively dissipate the waves with long period. The variation of the coefficients of wave transmission and reflection along with attenuation with respect to relative width was examined. The results of the physical model tests indicate that the transmission coefficient significantly decreases by about twenty percent at the range of relative width from 0.1 to 0.2, compared with the traditional open type breakwaters.展开更多
In this paper the author first reviews 6 major advances in the study of Precambrian geologyand tectonics of South China during the last decade, and then proposes the following new modelof Late Precambrian scissors-typ...In this paper the author first reviews 6 major advances in the study of Precambrian geologyand tectonics of South China during the last decade, and then proposes the following new modelof Late Precambrian scissors-type opening-closing tectonic evolution in the region. (1) Besidesthe Middle-Late Proterozoic low-grade metamorphic basement, there existed a LateArchaean-Early Proterozoic medium- to high-garde metamorphic basement in South China;both of them formed the united Yangtze-Cathaysia (craton) at the end of the Early Proterozoic,with the Jiangxi-Anhui-Zhejiang palaeogulf extending into the inland and the Jiangxi-Anhui-Jiangsu Peninsula lying on the northern side of the palaeogulf.(2) From the Middle Proterozoic,the present Guangxi-Guizhou-Hunan area in the western-central oldland was subjected toextensional rifting and became a rift trough, thus resulting in counterclockwise rotation of the'Cathaysian block' and clockwise rotation of the 'Yangtze block'; moreover, the southwardcompression of the Dabie-Jiaonan block which split from the southern margin of the NorthChina plate and was accreted to the northern margin of the Jiangxi-Anhui-Jiangsu Peninsula ledto the scissors-type closing of the Jiangxi-Anhui-Zhejiang palaeogulf during the Middle-earlyLate Proterozoic, which further influenced the Early Palaeozoic tectonic evolution of the region.展开更多
Two kinds of 1,4-anhydroribose derivatives,1,4-anhydro-2,3-O-benzylidene-T-D-ribopyranose(ABRP)and 1,4-anhydro-2,3-O-isopropylidene-T-D-ribopyranose(AIRP)were prepared fromD-ribose.The ringopening copolymerizations of...Two kinds of 1,4-anhydroribose derivatives,1,4-anhydro-2,3-O-benzylidene-T-D-ribopyranose(ABRP)and 1,4-anhydro-2,3-O-isopropylidene-T-D-ribopyranose(AIRP)were prepared fromD-ribose.The ringopening copolymerizations of ABRP and AIRP in various feed ratios were carried out with SbCl_5 and BF_3OEt_2 as catalyst at low temperatures.The copolymer structure was characterized by means of ^(1)H,^(13)C NMR spectroscopy and specific rotation.When SbCl_(5)was used as catalyst,the copolymer obtained had completely 1,4-β-pyranosidic structure,i.e.,cellulosetype structure.However,when BF_(3)OEt_2 was used as catalyst,the copolymer had a mixed structure of furanosidic and pyranosidic units.展开更多
Thoracic endovascular aortic repair(TEVAR)has been considered as a first-choice treatment for type B aortic dissection(TBAD).However,some patients that is lack of optimal landing zones(<15 mm in dissected Z2,Z3 or ...Thoracic endovascular aortic repair(TEVAR)has been considered as a first-choice treatment for type B aortic dissection(TBAD).However,some patients that is lack of optimal landing zones(<15 mm in dissected Z2,Z3 or the presence of a lusorian artery)still pose significant challenges for TEVAR.We utilized a surgical stent-graft implantation in the descending aorta combined with supra-aortic vessels transposition through median sternotomy for these special TBAD patients.The short-and mid-term results showed that our procedure is a good and alternative therapy for such kind patients.展开更多
From the self-assembly of the typical Salen-type Schiff-base ligand H2L and Zn（OAc）2.2H20 in the molar ratio of 1：1 or 1：2, the mononuclear [Zn（L）（H2O）] （1） or binuclear [Zn2（L）（OAc）2（H2O）] （2） are o...From the self-assembly of the typical Salen-type Schiff-base ligand H2L and Zn（OAc）2.2H20 in the molar ratio of 1：1 or 1：2, the mononuclear [Zn（L）（H2O）] （1） or binuclear [Zn2（L）（OAc）2（H2O）] （2） are obtained, respectively. For both complexes 1 and 2, the unsaturated five-coordinate coordination environment to the catalytic active centers （Zn2＋ ions） permits the monomer insertion for the effective solution copolymerization of cyclohexene oxide and maleic anhydride. All the solution copolymerizations afford poly（ester-co-ether）s, while lower catalyst and co-catalyst concentrations are helpful for the formation of alternating polyester. Of the three co-catalysts, 4-（dimethylamino）pyridine is found to be the most efficient, while an excess thereof is detrimental for chain growth of the copolymers.展开更多
The opening-closing tectonics theory, a theory about opening-closing tectonics, is a viewpoint regarding geotectonics suggested by a group of Chinese scientists. Opening and closing are two basic geological movements,...The opening-closing tectonics theory, a theory about opening-closing tectonics, is a viewpoint regarding geotectonics suggested by a group of Chinese scientists. Opening and closing are two basic geological movements, which may result in a series of structures. The highest level of opening is the appearance of oceans and the highest level of closing is the consolidation of continents. Based on field investigations, the authors consider that identifying the marks of opening-closing tectonics is the basis of the issue and classifying the types of opening-closing tectonics is the key of the issue. This paper briefly discusses the substance and the future of the study on the opening-closing tecton cs in China. The authors hope to share relevant information with geoscientists in the world in this field.展开更多
Aim: There are a variety of malignant tumors related to neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). This report describes a rare pediatric NF1 case with an unresectable giant mediastinal tumor. Case: A 6-year-old girl with wheezi...Aim: There are a variety of malignant tumors related to neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). This report describes a rare pediatric NF1 case with an unresectable giant mediastinal tumor. Case: A 6-year-old girl with wheezing was admitted to our institution for the further evaluation of a right mediastinal mass on plain chest radiography. On examination, there were multiple café au lait spots mainly on the trunk, and a well-defined, immobile, painless mass was palpable on her neck. The mediastinal lesion was detected as nonuniform mass surrounding the aortic arch, pulmonary artery, and right main bronchus on the contrast-enhanced CT and MRI. Open biopsy was useful to rule out malignancy and revealed neurofibroma, and contributed to follow up and treatment. Discussion: Open biopsy was useful to rule out malignancy, such as malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, revealed neurofibroma, and also contributed to follow up and treatment. The authors report successful management by open biopsy and discuss several clinical points regarding mediastinal neurofibroma for NF1.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gustilo III fractures have a high incidence and are difficult to treat.Patients often experience difficulty in wound healing.Negative pressure drainage technology can help shorten wound healing time and has...BACKGROUND Gustilo III fractures have a high incidence and are difficult to treat.Patients often experience difficulty in wound healing.Negative pressure drainage technology can help shorten wound healing time and has positive value in improving patient prognosis.AIM To explore the clinical value of the negative pressure sealing drainage technique in wound healing of Gustilo IIIB and IIIC open fractures.METHODS Eighty patients with Gustilo IIIB and IIIC open fractures with skin and soft tissue injuries who were treated in the Second People’s Hospital of Dalian from March 2019 to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into a study group(n=40,healed with negative pressure closed drainage)and a control group(n=40,healed with conventional dressing changes)according to the variation in the healing they received.The efficacy of the clinical interventions,the variations in the regression indicators(time to wound healing,time to fracture healing,time to hospitalization),and the conversion and healing of bacterial wounds were compared 1-3 mo after the intervention.RESULTS The total effective rate of patients among the study group was 95.00%(38/40),which was notably higher than 75.00%(30/40)among the control group(P<0.05).The wound healing time,fracture healing time,and hospital stay of the patients in the study group was shorter than the control group(P<0.05).After the intervention,the negative bacterial culture at the wound site rate and wound healing rate of the patients among the study group increased compared to the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Negative pressure sealing and drainage technology has a good therapeutic effect on patients with Gustilo IIIB and IIIC open fracture wounds with skin and soft tissue injury.It can notably enhance the wound healing rate and the negative rate of bacteria on the wound surface and help to speed up the recovery process of patients.展开更多
It is shown that in a Doppler broadened open N-type four-level atomic system with spontaneously generated coherence (SGC), the gain without inversion (GWI) is very sensitive to the variation of the relative phase betw...It is shown that in a Doppler broadened open N-type four-level atomic system with spontaneously generated coherence (SGC), the gain without inversion (GWI) is very sensitive to the variation of the relative phase between the probe field and the driving field; the atomic exit rate (R0) and the ratio (S) of the atomic injection rates have a considerable modulation effect on the phase-dependent GWI. GWI first increases and then decreases with R0 increasing; in a certain value range of S, GWI increases monotonically with S increasing; by adjusting the values of R0 and S, in an open system a much larger GWI can be obtained than in the corresponding closed system [2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 043805]. The modulation effects of R0 and S on the phase-dependent GWI in the case with the counter-propagating probe and driving fields are stronger than those in the co-propagating case, GWI in the co-propagating case is much larger than that in the counter-propagating case.展开更多
Background: The treatment of distal femoral open comminuted fractures is a major problem for orthopedic surgeon. The basic and important aim in treatment of these fractures is to assemble the condylar fragments and th...Background: The treatment of distal femoral open comminuted fractures is a major problem for orthopedic surgeon. The basic and important aim in treatment of these fractures is to assemble the condylar fragments and then fix the condyles to the femoral shaft by minimum handling of the bone and soft tissues. Objectives: To evaluate the treatment of distal femoral open comminuted fractures (type C2 and C3) with hybrid external fixator. Methods: Thirty-four patients with distal femur open comminuted fracture (type C2 and C3) were treated by hybrid external fixator between January 2005 and December 2008. All of the fractures were opened with extension to joint surface. 30 patients were male and 4 were female. Their average age was 30.5 years (17 to 72 years). Average follow up period was 36 months. 12 patients had isolated fracture and 22 patients had multiple fractures. The bony and functional results were evaluated by the association for the study and application of the method of Ilizarov (ASAMI) protocol and knee society score. Results: 29 out of 34 fractures (85%) had union without bone grafts. Average time of union was 6.1 months (4 - 19 ms). The average knee range of motion was 87.5 degrees (30 - 115 degrees). The bony results were excellent in 24 patients (70.5%), good in 6 (17.7%), fair in 2 (5.9%), and poor in 2 (5.9%), and the functional results were excellent in 10 (29.4%) patients, good in 14 (41.2%), fair in 6 (17.6%), and poor in 4 (11.8%), and the functional results were excellent in 10 (29.4%) patients, good in 14 (41.2%), fair in 6 (17.6%), and poor in 4 (11.8%) according to ASAMI protocol. According to the knee society score the functional results were excellent in 9 (26.44%) patients, good in 13 (38.26%), fair in 7 (20.6%), and poor in 5 (14.7%). Conclusion: Hybrid external fixator is an effective method for treatment of distal femoral open comminuted fractures (type C2 and C3) and may be considered as an alternative surgical methods in the management of these fractures.展开更多
It is shown that in a Doppler broadened open N-type four-level atomic system with spontaneously generated coherence （SGC）, the gain without inversion （GWI） is very sensitive to the variation of the relative phase ...It is shown that in a Doppler broadened open N-type four-level atomic system with spontaneously generated coherence （SGC）, the gain without inversion （GWI） is very sensitive to the variation of the relative phase between the probe field and the driving field; the atomic exit rate （R0） and the ratio （S） of the atomic injection rates have a considerable modulation effect on the phase-dependent GWI. GWI first increases and then decreases with R0 increasing; in a certain value range of S, GWI increases monotonically with S increasing; by adjusting the values of R0 and S, in an open system a much larger GWI can be obtained than in the corresponding closed system [2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 043805]. The modulation effects of R0 and S on the phase-dependent GWI in the case with the counter-propagating probe and driving fields are stronger than those in the co-propagating case, GWI in the co-propagating case is much larger than that in the counter-propagating case.展开更多
In this paper, a presented definition of type-2 fuzzy sets and type-2 fuzzy set operation on it was given. The aim of this work was to introduce the concept of general topological spaces were extended in type-2 fuzzy ...In this paper, a presented definition of type-2 fuzzy sets and type-2 fuzzy set operation on it was given. The aim of this work was to introduce the concept of general topological spaces were extended in type-2 fuzzy sets with the structural properties such as open sets, closed sets, interior, closure and neighborhoods in topological spaces were extended to general type-2 fuzzy topological spaces and many related theorems are proved.展开更多
Projective-iterative version of finite element method has developed for numerical simulation of the stress-strain state of nonhomogeneous shell-type structures (shells with openings). Plastic deformation of the materi...Projective-iterative version of finite element method has developed for numerical simulation of the stress-strain state of nonhomogeneous shell-type structures (shells with openings). Plastic deformation of the material is taken into account when using the method of elastic solutions that reduce the solution of elastoplastic problems to solution of elastic problems. Developed PIV’s significant savings of computer calculation has been compared with the calculation on a fine mesh of traditional FEM. Designed scheme allows analysis of the mutual influence of openings. Analysis of the transformation zone of plastic deformation is developed. For definiteness, the cylindrical shell structures with several rectangular openings are considered.展开更多
文摘Visible light photocatalytic redox catalysis has become a powerful tool for organic synthesis, and has opened up new avenues for the formation of challenging structural skeletons and chemical bonds. In this respect, diverse photocatalysts, including ruthenium(II), iridium(Ⅲ), and organic dyes, have been most commonly applied.
文摘A new kind of open type breakwaters was proposed based on the concept of wave energy conversion. The excellent feature of the structure is that it can absorb and utilize the wave energy to dissipate waves. The effects of some factors, such as the configuration insides, the geometrical parameters and the relative width (the ratio of the width to the wave length), on the performance of the breakwater were discussed based on a series of regular wave tests in the wave flume. The hydrodynamic characteristics of the new open type breakwater were analyzed in detail, and the structure was optimized to improve the performance of the breakwater to effectively dissipate the waves with long period. The variation of the coefficients of wave transmission and reflection along with attenuation with respect to relative width was examined. The results of the physical model tests indicate that the transmission coefficient significantly decreases by about twenty percent at the range of relative width from 0.1 to 0.2, compared with the traditional open type breakwaters.
文摘In this paper the author first reviews 6 major advances in the study of Precambrian geologyand tectonics of South China during the last decade, and then proposes the following new modelof Late Precambrian scissors-type opening-closing tectonic evolution in the region. (1) Besidesthe Middle-Late Proterozoic low-grade metamorphic basement, there existed a LateArchaean-Early Proterozoic medium- to high-garde metamorphic basement in South China;both of them formed the united Yangtze-Cathaysia (craton) at the end of the Early Proterozoic,with the Jiangxi-Anhui-Zhejiang palaeogulf extending into the inland and the Jiangxi-Anhui-Jiangsu Peninsula lying on the northern side of the palaeogulf.(2) From the Middle Proterozoic,the present Guangxi-Guizhou-Hunan area in the western-central oldland was subjected toextensional rifting and became a rift trough, thus resulting in counterclockwise rotation of the'Cathaysian block' and clockwise rotation of the 'Yangtze block'; moreover, the southwardcompression of the Dabie-Jiaonan block which split from the southern margin of the NorthChina plate and was accreted to the northern margin of the Jiangxi-Anhui-Jiangsu Peninsula ledto the scissors-type closing of the Jiangxi-Anhui-Zhejiang palaeogulf during the Middle-earlyLate Proterozoic, which further influenced the Early Palaeozoic tectonic evolution of the region.
文摘Two kinds of 1,4-anhydroribose derivatives,1,4-anhydro-2,3-O-benzylidene-T-D-ribopyranose(ABRP)and 1,4-anhydro-2,3-O-isopropylidene-T-D-ribopyranose(AIRP)were prepared fromD-ribose.The ringopening copolymerizations of ABRP and AIRP in various feed ratios were carried out with SbCl_5 and BF_3OEt_2 as catalyst at low temperatures.The copolymer structure was characterized by means of ^(1)H,^(13)C NMR spectroscopy and specific rotation.When SbCl_(5)was used as catalyst,the copolymer obtained had completely 1,4-β-pyranosidic structure,i.e.,cellulosetype structure.However,when BF_(3)OEt_2 was used as catalyst,the copolymer had a mixed structure of furanosidic and pyranosidic units.
基金supported by grants from the Young Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81600225)the Young Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20160132)Jiangsu Province Special Program of Medical Science(BE2017610)
文摘Thoracic endovascular aortic repair(TEVAR)has been considered as a first-choice treatment for type B aortic dissection(TBAD).However,some patients that is lack of optimal landing zones(<15 mm in dissected Z2,Z3 or the presence of a lusorian artery)still pose significant challenges for TEVAR.We utilized a surgical stent-graft implantation in the descending aorta combined with supra-aortic vessels transposition through median sternotomy for these special TBAD patients.The short-and mid-term results showed that our procedure is a good and alternative therapy for such kind patients.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.91222201,21173165 and 20871098)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Universities from the Ministry of Education of China(No.NCET-10-0936)+4 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry(20100014)the Provincial Natural Foundation(2011JQ2011) of Shaanxithe Education Committee Foundation of Shaanxi Province(11JK0588,12JK0577)Graduate Innovation and Creativity Fund(YZZ12038) of Northwest UniversityHong Kong Research Grants Council(HKBU 202407 and FRG/06-07/II-16)
文摘From the self-assembly of the typical Salen-type Schiff-base ligand H2L and Zn（OAc）2.2H20 in the molar ratio of 1：1 or 1：2, the mononuclear [Zn（L）（H2O）] （1） or binuclear [Zn2（L）（OAc）2（H2O）] （2） are obtained, respectively. For both complexes 1 and 2, the unsaturated five-coordinate coordination environment to the catalytic active centers （Zn2＋ ions） permits the monomer insertion for the effective solution copolymerization of cyclohexene oxide and maleic anhydride. All the solution copolymerizations afford poly（ester-co-ether）s, while lower catalyst and co-catalyst concentrations are helpful for the formation of alternating polyester. Of the three co-catalysts, 4-（dimethylamino）pyridine is found to be the most efficient, while an excess thereof is detrimental for chain growth of the copolymers.
基金This proiect was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grants 40072062,40372104)
文摘The opening-closing tectonics theory, a theory about opening-closing tectonics, is a viewpoint regarding geotectonics suggested by a group of Chinese scientists. Opening and closing are two basic geological movements, which may result in a series of structures. The highest level of opening is the appearance of oceans and the highest level of closing is the consolidation of continents. Based on field investigations, the authors consider that identifying the marks of opening-closing tectonics is the basis of the issue and classifying the types of opening-closing tectonics is the key of the issue. This paper briefly discusses the substance and the future of the study on the opening-closing tecton cs in China. The authors hope to share relevant information with geoscientists in the world in this field.
文摘Aim: There are a variety of malignant tumors related to neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). This report describes a rare pediatric NF1 case with an unresectable giant mediastinal tumor. Case: A 6-year-old girl with wheezing was admitted to our institution for the further evaluation of a right mediastinal mass on plain chest radiography. On examination, there were multiple café au lait spots mainly on the trunk, and a well-defined, immobile, painless mass was palpable on her neck. The mediastinal lesion was detected as nonuniform mass surrounding the aortic arch, pulmonary artery, and right main bronchus on the contrast-enhanced CT and MRI. Open biopsy was useful to rule out malignancy and revealed neurofibroma, and contributed to follow up and treatment. Discussion: Open biopsy was useful to rule out malignancy, such as malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, revealed neurofibroma, and also contributed to follow up and treatment. The authors report successful management by open biopsy and discuss several clinical points regarding mediastinal neurofibroma for NF1.
基金the Review Committee of Fuzhou Medical College of Nanchang University(Approval No.4445644).
文摘BACKGROUND Gustilo III fractures have a high incidence and are difficult to treat.Patients often experience difficulty in wound healing.Negative pressure drainage technology can help shorten wound healing time and has positive value in improving patient prognosis.AIM To explore the clinical value of the negative pressure sealing drainage technique in wound healing of Gustilo IIIB and IIIC open fractures.METHODS Eighty patients with Gustilo IIIB and IIIC open fractures with skin and soft tissue injuries who were treated in the Second People’s Hospital of Dalian from March 2019 to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into a study group(n=40,healed with negative pressure closed drainage)and a control group(n=40,healed with conventional dressing changes)according to the variation in the healing they received.The efficacy of the clinical interventions,the variations in the regression indicators(time to wound healing,time to fracture healing,time to hospitalization),and the conversion and healing of bacterial wounds were compared 1-3 mo after the intervention.RESULTS The total effective rate of patients among the study group was 95.00%(38/40),which was notably higher than 75.00%(30/40)among the control group(P<0.05).The wound healing time,fracture healing time,and hospital stay of the patients in the study group was shorter than the control group(P<0.05).After the intervention,the negative bacterial culture at the wound site rate and wound healing rate of the patients among the study group increased compared to the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Negative pressure sealing and drainage technology has a good therapeutic effect on patients with Gustilo IIIB and IIIC open fracture wounds with skin and soft tissue injury.It can notably enhance the wound healing rate and the negative rate of bacteria on the wound surface and help to speed up the recovery process of patients.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11175105)
文摘It is shown that in a Doppler broadened open N-type four-level atomic system with spontaneously generated coherence (SGC), the gain without inversion (GWI) is very sensitive to the variation of the relative phase between the probe field and the driving field; the atomic exit rate (R0) and the ratio (S) of the atomic injection rates have a considerable modulation effect on the phase-dependent GWI. GWI first increases and then decreases with R0 increasing; in a certain value range of S, GWI increases monotonically with S increasing; by adjusting the values of R0 and S, in an open system a much larger GWI can be obtained than in the corresponding closed system [2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 043805]. The modulation effects of R0 and S on the phase-dependent GWI in the case with the counter-propagating probe and driving fields are stronger than those in the co-propagating case, GWI in the co-propagating case is much larger than that in the counter-propagating case.
文摘Background: The treatment of distal femoral open comminuted fractures is a major problem for orthopedic surgeon. The basic and important aim in treatment of these fractures is to assemble the condylar fragments and then fix the condyles to the femoral shaft by minimum handling of the bone and soft tissues. Objectives: To evaluate the treatment of distal femoral open comminuted fractures (type C2 and C3) with hybrid external fixator. Methods: Thirty-four patients with distal femur open comminuted fracture (type C2 and C3) were treated by hybrid external fixator between January 2005 and December 2008. All of the fractures were opened with extension to joint surface. 30 patients were male and 4 were female. Their average age was 30.5 years (17 to 72 years). Average follow up period was 36 months. 12 patients had isolated fracture and 22 patients had multiple fractures. The bony and functional results were evaluated by the association for the study and application of the method of Ilizarov (ASAMI) protocol and knee society score. Results: 29 out of 34 fractures (85%) had union without bone grafts. Average time of union was 6.1 months (4 - 19 ms). The average knee range of motion was 87.5 degrees (30 - 115 degrees). The bony results were excellent in 24 patients (70.5%), good in 6 (17.7%), fair in 2 (5.9%), and poor in 2 (5.9%), and the functional results were excellent in 10 (29.4%) patients, good in 14 (41.2%), fair in 6 (17.6%), and poor in 4 (11.8%), and the functional results were excellent in 10 (29.4%) patients, good in 14 (41.2%), fair in 6 (17.6%), and poor in 4 (11.8%) according to ASAMI protocol. According to the knee society score the functional results were excellent in 9 (26.44%) patients, good in 13 (38.26%), fair in 7 (20.6%), and poor in 5 (14.7%). Conclusion: Hybrid external fixator is an effective method for treatment of distal femoral open comminuted fractures (type C2 and C3) and may be considered as an alternative surgical methods in the management of these fractures.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 11175105）.
文摘It is shown that in a Doppler broadened open N-type four-level atomic system with spontaneously generated coherence （SGC）, the gain without inversion （GWI） is very sensitive to the variation of the relative phase between the probe field and the driving field; the atomic exit rate （R0） and the ratio （S） of the atomic injection rates have a considerable modulation effect on the phase-dependent GWI. GWI first increases and then decreases with R0 increasing; in a certain value range of S, GWI increases monotonically with S increasing; by adjusting the values of R0 and S, in an open system a much larger GWI can be obtained than in the corresponding closed system [2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 043805]. The modulation effects of R0 and S on the phase-dependent GWI in the case with the counter-propagating probe and driving fields are stronger than those in the co-propagating case, GWI in the co-propagating case is much larger than that in the counter-propagating case.
文摘In this paper, a presented definition of type-2 fuzzy sets and type-2 fuzzy set operation on it was given. The aim of this work was to introduce the concept of general topological spaces were extended in type-2 fuzzy sets with the structural properties such as open sets, closed sets, interior, closure and neighborhoods in topological spaces were extended to general type-2 fuzzy topological spaces and many related theorems are proved.
文摘Projective-iterative version of finite element method has developed for numerical simulation of the stress-strain state of nonhomogeneous shell-type structures (shells with openings). Plastic deformation of the material is taken into account when using the method of elastic solutions that reduce the solution of elastoplastic problems to solution of elastic problems. Developed PIV’s significant savings of computer calculation has been compared with the calculation on a fine mesh of traditional FEM. Designed scheme allows analysis of the mutual influence of openings. Analysis of the transformation zone of plastic deformation is developed. For definiteness, the cylindrical shell structures with several rectangular openings are considered.
