The challenge in searching for fundamental symmetry violation.Neutrinoless double-beta(0νββ)decay represents one of the most profound tests of fundamental symmetries in nature.This hypothetical nuclear process,in w...The challenge in searching for fundamental symmetry violation.Neutrinoless double-beta(0νββ)decay represents one of the most profound tests of fundamental symmetries in nature.This hypothetical nuclear process,in which two neutrons simultaneously decay into two protons with the emission of two electrons but no neutrinos,would demonstrate that lepton number is not conserved and confirm that neutrinos are their own antiparticles(Majorana particles).The observation of 0νββdecay would provide crucial insights into the absolute neutrino mass scale and could illuminate the origin of matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe.展开更多
Two-plasmon-decay instability(TPD)poses a critical target preheating risk in direct-drive inertial confinement fusion.In this paper,TPD collectively driven by dual laser beams consisting of a normal-incidence laser be...Two-plasmon-decay instability(TPD)poses a critical target preheating risk in direct-drive inertial confinement fusion.In this paper,TPD collectively driven by dual laser beams consisting of a normal-incidence laser beam(Beam-N)and a large-angle-incidence laser beam(Beam-L)is investigated via particle-in-cell simulations.It is found that significant TPD growth can develop in this regime at previously unexpected low laser intensities if the intensity of Beam-L exceeds the large-angle-incidence threshold.Both beams contribute to the growth of TPD in a“seed-amplification”manner in which the absolute instability driven by Beam-L provides the seeds that are convectively amplified by Beam-N,making TPD energetically important and causing significant pump depletion and hot-electron generation.展开更多
Weak radiative hyperon decays represent a rich interplay between weak interactions and the internal structure of baryons,offering profound insights into Quantum Chromodynamics and weak interactions.Recent experimental...Weak radiative hyperon decays represent a rich interplay between weak interactions and the internal structure of baryons,offering profound insights into Quantum Chromodynamics and weak interactions.Recent experimental observations,particularly from BESIII,have revealed deviations from theoretical predictions.These deviations could signal new physics or the need for refined theoretical models incorporating intermediate resonance effects.This review discusses recent theoretical advancements and key experimental findings,focusing on recent measurements from BESIII and their implications for strong interactions and baryon structure.展开更多
A state-of-the-art detector array with a digital data acquisition system has been developed for charged-particle decay studies,includingβ-delayed protons,αdecay,and direct proton emissions from exotic proton-rich nu...A state-of-the-art detector array with a digital data acquisition system has been developed for charged-particle decay studies,includingβ-delayed protons,αdecay,and direct proton emissions from exotic proton-rich nuclei.The digital data acquisition system enables precise synchronization and processing of complex signals from various detectors,such as plastic scintillators,silicon detectors,and germaniumγdetectors.The system's performance was evaluated using theβdecay of^(32)Ar and its neighboring nuclei,produced via projectile fragmentation at the first Radioactive Ion Beam Line in Lanzhou(RIBLL1).Key measurements,including the half-life,charged-particle spectrum,andγ-ray spectrum,were obtained and compared with previous results for validation.Using the implantation–decay method,the isotopes of interest were implanted into two doublesided silicon strip detectors,where their subsequent decays were measured and correlated with preceding implantations using both position and time information.This detection system has potential for further applications,including the study ofβ-delayed charged-particle decay and direct proton emissions from even more exotic proton-rich nuclei.展开更多
William Faulkner’s Southern Gothic style features fragmented narratives and rich symbolism that explore characters’psychological complexity and the decay of Southern society.In his seminal work exploring Emily Grier...William Faulkner’s Southern Gothic style features fragmented narratives and rich symbolism that explore characters’psychological complexity and the decay of Southern society.In his seminal work exploring Emily Grierson’s tragic life,Faulkner employs a rich symbolic system that transcends mere literary decoration,instead functioning as a complex interpretative lens through which the disintegration of traditional Southern social structures can be understood.This paper argues that the symbolic framework in the narrative not only shapes Emily’s personal tragedy but also serves as a profound metaphorical representation of the collapse of the old Southern civilization-a system marked by rigid social hierarchies,racial tensions,and the slow erosion of aristocratic ideals in the face of inevitable social transformation.By dissecting the intricate symbolic elements-from the decaying mansion to the gothic imagery of death and preservation-this analysis reveals how Faulkner’s symbolic methodology becomes a nuanced historical and psychological commentary on the South’s traumatic transition from an antebellum past to a modernizing present.展开更多
Vanadium nitride(VN)is a promising pseudocapacitive material due to the high theoretical capacity,rapid redox Faradaic kinetics,and appropriate potential window.Although VN shows large pseudocapacitance in alkaline el...Vanadium nitride(VN)is a promising pseudocapacitive material due to the high theoretical capacity,rapid redox Faradaic kinetics,and appropriate potential window.Although VN shows large pseudocapacitance in alkaline electrolytes,the electrochemical instability and capacity degradation of VN electrode materials present significant challenges for practical applications.Herein,the capacitance decay mechanism of VN is investigated and a simple strategy to improve cycling stability of VN supercapacitor electrodes is proposed by introducing VO_(4)^(3-)anion in KOH electrolytes.Our results show that the VN electrode is electrochemical stabilization between-1.0and-0.4 V(vs.Hg/Hg O reference electrode)in 1.0 MKOH electrolyte,but demonstrates irreversible oxidation and fast capacitance decay in the potential range of-0.4 to0 V.In situ electrochemical measurements reveal that the capacitance decay of VN from-0.4 to 0 V is ascribed to the irreversible oxidation of vanadium(V)of N–V–O species by oxygen(O)of OH^(-).The as-generated oxidization species are subsequently dissolved into KOH electrolytes,thereby undermining the electrochemical stability of VN.However,this irreversible oxidation process could be hindered by introducing VO_(4)^(3-)in KOH electrolytes.A high volumetric specific capacitance of671.9 F.cm^(-3)(1 A.cm^(-3))and excellent cycling stability(120.3%over 1000 cycles)are achieved for VN nanorod electrode in KOH electrolytes containing VO_(4)^(3-).This study not only elucidates the failure mechanism of VN supercapacitor electrodes in alkaline electrolytes,but also provides new insights into enhancing pseudocapacitive energy storage of VN-based electrode materials.展开更多
The tensor force changes the nuclear shell structure and thus may result in underlying influence of the collectivity and decay properties of the nucleus.We carefully examined the impact of the monopole and multipole e...The tensor force changes the nuclear shell structure and thus may result in underlying influence of the collectivity and decay properties of the nucleus.We carefully examined the impact of the monopole and multipole effects originating from the tensor force on both the collectivity and the matrix element for the neutrinoless double-β(0νββ)decay,using the generatorcoordinate method with an effective interaction.To analyze the effect of the tensor force,we employed an effective Hamiltonian associated with the monopole-based universal interaction that explicitly consists of the central,tensor,and spin-orbit coupling terms.The interferences among the shell structure,quadrupole collectivity,nucleon occupancy,and 0νββmatrix elements were analyzed in detail.A better understanding of the tensor force would be of great importance in reducing the theoretical uncertainty in 0νββnuclear matrix element calculations.展开更多
In this study,we explore the impact of state-of-the-art laser fields on theαdecay half-life of deformed ground-state odd-A nuclei within the proton number range of 52–107.The calculations show that the presence of a...In this study,we explore the impact of state-of-the-art laser fields on theαdecay half-life of deformed ground-state odd-A nuclei within the proton number range of 52–107.The calculations show that the presence of a laser field modulates theαdecay half-life by altering theαdecay penetration probability within a limited range.Moreover,the variance in the penetration probability rate of change between even–odd and odd–even nuclei is investigated.Furthermore,we investigate the rate of change of the penetration probability for the same parent nucleus with different neutron numbers,based on the characteristics of the odd-A nucleus.We found that the influence of the laser field on the penetration probability is determined by both the shell effect and odd–even staggering.This research contributes to the understanding of nuanced interactions between laser fields and nuclear decay processes.Therefore,valuable insights for future experiments in laser–nuclear physics are attainable using this study.展开更多
[Objectives] To investigate the species diversity of wood-decaying fungi in karst regions of southwest China. [Methods] The karst core regions of southwest China, specifically Guizhou, Guangxi, and Yunnan, were invest...[Objectives] To investigate the species diversity of wood-decaying fungi in karst regions of southwest China. [Methods] The karst core regions of southwest China, specifically Guizhou, Guangxi, and Yunnan, were investigated for the first time to analyze the species diversity characteristics of wood-decaying fungi in this area. This analysis was conducted through a comprehensive 5-year field investigation and systematic identification process. [Results] The wood-decaying fungi exhibited a distinctive species composition and distribution pattern within karst habitats, encompassing significant groups such as Polyporaceae and Hymenochaetaceae. Furthermore, these fungi demonstrated varying functional characteristics across the two ecological types of standing tree decay and wood decay. It was observed that wood-decaying fungi had a significant impact on the material cycle within karst ecosystems by degrading lignin and cellulose. Furthermore, the distribution of species diversity was closely associated with the characteristics of karst geomorphology and the types of vegetation. [Conclusions] This study not only addresses the lack of background data regarding wood-decaying fungi resources in karst regions, but also elucidates the maintenance mechanisms of fragile ecosystems from the perspective of decomposers. It provides a scientific foundation for biodiversity conservation, the prevention and control of forest diseases, and sustainable ecological management in karst regions.展开更多
In this paper,we focus on the recovery of piecewise sparse signals containing both fast-decaying and slow-decaying nonzero entries.In order to improve the performance of classic Orthogonal Matching Pursuit(OMP)and Gen...In this paper,we focus on the recovery of piecewise sparse signals containing both fast-decaying and slow-decaying nonzero entries.In order to improve the performance of classic Orthogonal Matching Pursuit(OMP)and Generalized Orthogonal Matching Pursuit(GOMP)algorithms for solving this problem,we propose the Piecewise Generalized Orthogonal Matching Pursuit(PGOMP)algorithm,by considering the mixed-decaying sparse signals as piecewise sparse signals with two components containing nonzero entries with different decay factors.The algorithm incorporates piecewise selection and deletion to retain the most significant entries according to the sparsity of each component.We provide a theoretical analysis based on the mutual coherence of the measurement matrix and the decay factors of the nonzero entries,establishing a sufficient condition for the PGOMP algorithm to select at least two correct indices in each iteration.Numerical simulations and an image decomposition experiment demonstrate that the proposed algorithm significantly improves the support recovery probability by effectively matching piecewise sparsity with decay factors.展开更多
The α-nucleus interaction is crucial in the description of α decay. Recently, we developed a pocket-type dynamical doublefolding potential(DDFP) that effectively incorporates both the surface-medium effect and inter...The α-nucleus interaction is crucial in the description of α decay. Recently, we developed a pocket-type dynamical doublefolding potential(DDFP) that effectively incorporates both the surface-medium effect and interior Pauli repulsion in α decay [H. Zheng et al., Phys. Rev. C 109, L011301(2024)]. This potential results in a pocket geometry within the nuclear surface region, which is consistent with the α-clustering characteristics predicted by microscopic calculations. In this study, the accuracy of the pocket-type DDFP was validated via systematic calculations of α-decay half-lives and an extended evaluation of the nuclear charge radii of the daughter nuclei. The results demonstrate good agreement with the experimental data for both quantities, thereby confirming the reliability of the DDFP model. Compared with calculations that use α-nucleus interactions derived from conventional double-folding procedures, DDFP employs fewer adjustable parameters to achieve a more accurate description of the charge radii based on the experimental α-decay energies.展开更多
Cauchy problem for the linearized bipolar isentropic Navier-Stokes-Poisson system in R^(2) is studied.Through the reformulation of unknown functions,we change the formal system into a linearized Navier-Stokes system a...Cauchy problem for the linearized bipolar isentropic Navier-Stokes-Poisson system in R^(2) is studied.Through the reformulation of unknown functions,we change the formal system into a linearized Navier-Stokes system and a unipolar Navier-Stokes-Poisson system.Based on a delicate analysis of the corresponding Green function,L^(2) decay estimate of the solution is obtained.展开更多
The onset,cessation,and length of the rainy season are crucial for global water resources,agricultural practices,and food security.However,the response of precipitation seasonality to global warming remains uncertain....The onset,cessation,and length of the rainy season are crucial for global water resources,agricultural practices,and food security.However,the response of precipitation seasonality to global warming remains uncertain.In this study,we analyze how global warming levels(GWLs)of 1.5℃ and 2℃ could affect the timing of rainfall onset(RODs),rainfall cessation(RCDs),and the overall duration of the rainy season(LRS)over global land monsoon(GLM)regions using simulations from CMIP6 under the SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios.With high model consensus,our results reveal that RODs are projected to occur later over Southern Africa,North Africa,and South America,but earlier over South Asia and Australia,in a warmer climate.The projected early RODs in Australia are more pronounced at the 2℃ GWL under SSP5-8.5.On the other hand,early RCDs are projected over South America and East Asia,while late RCDs are projected over North Africa,with high inter-model agreement.These changes are associated with a future decrease in LRS in most GLM regions.Additionally,we found that continuous warming over 1.5℃ will further reduce the length of the rainy season,especially over the South America,North Africa,and Southern Africa monsoon regions.The findings underscore the urgent need to mitigate global warming.展开更多
This paper studies the global existence and large-time behaviors of weak solutions to the kinetic particle model coupled with the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in IR3.First,we obtain the global weak solution ...This paper studies the global existence and large-time behaviors of weak solutions to the kinetic particle model coupled with the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in IR3.First,we obtain the global weak solution using the characteristic and energy methods.Then,under the small assumption of the mass of the particle,we show that the solutions decay at the algebraic time-decay rate.Finally,it is also proved that the above rate is optimal.It should be remarked that if the particle in the coupled system vanishes(i.e.f=O),our works coincide with the classical results by Schonbek[32](J Amer Math Soc,1991,4:423-449),which can be regarded as a generalization from a single fuid model to the two-phase fluid one.展开更多
The paper is concerned with a class of elliptic equation with critical exponent and Dipole potential.More precisely,we make use of the refined Sobolev inequality with Morrey norm to obtain the existence and decay prop...The paper is concerned with a class of elliptic equation with critical exponent and Dipole potential.More precisely,we make use of the refined Sobolev inequality with Morrey norm to obtain the existence and decay properties of nonnegative radial ground state solutions.展开更多
An analytical model for describing the charged-particle transport in a wall-confined laser-induced decaying plasma is established under an external electrostatic field,focusing on the effects of the initial plasma-ele...An analytical model for describing the charged-particle transport in a wall-confined laser-induced decaying plasma is established under an external electrostatic field,focusing on the effects of the initial plasma-electrode gap(IPEG)that exists in applications such as laser isotope separation.This newly developed analytical model is validated by particle-in-cell simulations and the experimental scaling relation,and can also be reduced to its previously published counterpart that did not consider IPEGs.Based on this analytical model,the influences of different IPEG spacings on the characteristics of the whole ion extraction process are studied.The results show that the ion extraction ratios at the endpoints of the first and second stages both decrease with increasing IPEG spacing,while the corresponding time durations for the first two stages show a non-monotonous variation trend.The specific ion extraction time,defined as the ion extraction time per unit mass to comprehensively characterize the ion extraction efficiency,increases generally with the increase of IPEG spacing.This study not only provides further insight into the fundamental physical processes in a wall-bounded decaying plasma under an externally applied electrostatic field,but also offers useful theoretical guidance for optimal designs of geometrical and operating parameters in laser isotope separation processes.展开更多
The potential of high-intensity lasers to influence nuclear decay processes has attracted considerable interest.This study quantitatively evaluated the effects of high-intensity lasers on α decay and cluster radioact...The potential of high-intensity lasers to influence nuclear decay processes has attracted considerable interest.This study quantitatively evaluated the effects of high-intensity lasers on α decay and cluster radioactivity.Our calculations revealed that,among the parent nuclei investigated,^(144)Nd is the most susceptible to laser-induced alterations,primarily because of its relatively low decay energy.Additionally,circularly polarized lasers exhibit a greater impact on decay modifications than linearly polarized lasers.Given the limited time resolution of current detectors,it is essential to account for the timeaveraging effect of the laser.By incorporating the effects of circular polarization,time averaging,and angular averaging,our theoretical predictions indicated that the modification of^(144)Nd decay could reach 0.1%at an intensity of 10^(27)W/cm^(2).However,this intensity significantly exceeds the current laser capability of 10^(23)W/cm^(2),and the predicted modification of 0.1%remains below the detection threshold of contemporary measurement techniques.Observing laser-assistedαdecay and^(14)C cluster radioactivity will likely remain unfeasible until both ultrahigh laser intensities and significant advancements in experimental resolution are achieved.展开更多
BACKGROUND The atherogenic index of plasma(AIP)has been shown to be positively correlated with cardiovascular disease in previous studies.However,it is unclear whether elderly people with long-term high AIP levels are...BACKGROUND The atherogenic index of plasma(AIP)has been shown to be positively correlated with cardiovascular disease in previous studies.However,it is unclear whether elderly people with long-term high AIP levels are more likely to develop coronary heart disease(CHD).Therefore,the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between AIP trajectory and CHD incidence in elderly people.METHODS 19,194 participants aged≥60 years who had three AIP measurements between 2018 and 2020 were included in this study.AIP was defined as log10(triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol).The group-based trajectory model was used to identify different trajectory patterns of AIP from 2018 to 2020.Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratio(HR)with 95%CI of CHD events between different trajectory groups from 2020 to 2023.RESULTS Three different trajectory patterns were identified through group-based trajectory model:the low-level group(n=7410,mean AIP:-0.25 to-0.17),the medium-level group(n=9981,mean AIP:0.02-0.08),and the high-level group(n=1803,mean AIP:0.38-0.42).During a mean follow-up of 2.65 years,a total of 1391 participants developed CHD.After adjusting for potential confounders,compared with the participants in the low-level group,the HR with 95%CI of the medium-level group and the high-level group were estimated to be 1.24(1.10-1.40)and 1.43(1.19-1.73),respectively.These findings remained consistent in subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses.CONCLUSIONS There was a significant correlation between persistent high AIP level and increased CHD risk in the elderly.This suggests that monitoring the long-term changes in AIP is helpful to identify individuals at high CHD risk in elderly people.展开更多
Dear Editor,We present the reported case of rapid onset bull’s eye maculopathy.Chloroquine(CQ)and its safer,more widely used analogue,hydroxychloroquine(HCQ),were originally developed as antimalarial medications.Howe...Dear Editor,We present the reported case of rapid onset bull’s eye maculopathy.Chloroquine(CQ)and its safer,more widely used analogue,hydroxychloroquine(HCQ),were originally developed as antimalarial medications.However,they have since become essential in the treatment of various autoimmune disorders due to their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties.HCQ is also being investigated for potential applications in diabetes mellitus,coronavirus disease 2019,heart disease,and as an adjunct in cancer therapy^([1-2]).展开更多
Spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage(SSAH)is a relatively uncommon but significant cause of acute and progressive neurological impairment.It represents less than 1.5%of all instances of bleeding within the subarachnoid spac...Spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage(SSAH)is a relatively uncommon but significant cause of acute and progressive neurological impairment.It represents less than 1.5%of all instances of bleeding within the subarachnoid space.[1]The early stages of SSAH often present atypical clinical symptoms,making diagnosis challenging and potentially leading to treatment delays,which further result in irreversible neurological damage.Lower back pain is a common complaint in the emergency department(ED).[2]Common causes include overuse resulting in back strain.展开更多
文摘The challenge in searching for fundamental symmetry violation.Neutrinoless double-beta(0νββ)decay represents one of the most profound tests of fundamental symmetries in nature.This hypothetical nuclear process,in which two neutrons simultaneously decay into two protons with the emission of two electrons but no neutrinos,would demonstrate that lepton number is not conserved and confirm that neutrinos are their own antiparticles(Majorana particles).The observation of 0νββdecay would provide crucial insights into the absolute neutrino mass scale and could illuminate the origin of matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under Grant Nos. 12375243 and 12388101the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant Nos. XDA25050400, XDA25010200, and XDA25010100+1 种基金the Science Challenge Projectthe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Two-plasmon-decay instability(TPD)poses a critical target preheating risk in direct-drive inertial confinement fusion.In this paper,TPD collectively driven by dual laser beams consisting of a normal-incidence laser beam(Beam-N)and a large-angle-incidence laser beam(Beam-L)is investigated via particle-in-cell simulations.It is found that significant TPD growth can develop in this regime at previously unexpected low laser intensities if the intensity of Beam-L exceeds the large-angle-incidence threshold.Both beams contribute to the growth of TPD in a“seed-amplification”manner in which the absolute instability driven by Beam-L provides the seeds that are convectively amplified by Beam-N,making TPD energetically important and causing significant pump depletion and hot-electron generation.
基金the supercomputing center of USTC for their strong supportsupported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2023YFA1609400,2023YFA1606703,2020YFA0406400,and 2020YFA0406300)+3 种基金the International Partnership Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.211134KYSB20200057)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12035013,12061131003,12122509,12105276,11625523,12405091,12235018,and 12435007)the CAS Youth Team Program(Grant No.YSBR-101)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province,China(Grant No.2025GXNSFBA069314)。
文摘Weak radiative hyperon decays represent a rich interplay between weak interactions and the internal structure of baryons,offering profound insights into Quantum Chromodynamics and weak interactions.Recent experimental observations,particularly from BESIII,have revealed deviations from theoretical predictions.These deviations could signal new physics or the need for refined theoretical models incorporating intermediate resonance effects.This review discusses recent theoretical advancements and key experimental findings,focusing on recent measurements from BESIII and their implications for strong interactions and baryon structure.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project,China(No.2023YFA1606404)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB34010300)+5 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12022501,12105329,12475127)the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(No.2021B0301030006)the Research Program of Heavy Ion Science and Technology Key Laboratory,Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Nos.HIST2024KS04,HIST2024CO04)Longyuan Youth Innovation and Entrepreneurship Talent Project of Gansu Province(No.2024GZT04)State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology,Peking University(No.NPT2023KFY01)the Major Science and Technology Projects in Gansu Province(No.24GD13GA005)。
文摘A state-of-the-art detector array with a digital data acquisition system has been developed for charged-particle decay studies,includingβ-delayed protons,αdecay,and direct proton emissions from exotic proton-rich nuclei.The digital data acquisition system enables precise synchronization and processing of complex signals from various detectors,such as plastic scintillators,silicon detectors,and germaniumγdetectors.The system's performance was evaluated using theβdecay of^(32)Ar and its neighboring nuclei,produced via projectile fragmentation at the first Radioactive Ion Beam Line in Lanzhou(RIBLL1).Key measurements,including the half-life,charged-particle spectrum,andγ-ray spectrum,were obtained and compared with previous results for validation.Using the implantation–decay method,the isotopes of interest were implanted into two doublesided silicon strip detectors,where their subsequent decays were measured and correlated with preceding implantations using both position and time information.This detection system has potential for further applications,including the study ofβ-delayed charged-particle decay and direct proton emissions from even more exotic proton-rich nuclei.
文摘William Faulkner’s Southern Gothic style features fragmented narratives and rich symbolism that explore characters’psychological complexity and the decay of Southern society.In his seminal work exploring Emily Grierson’s tragic life,Faulkner employs a rich symbolic system that transcends mere literary decoration,instead functioning as a complex interpretative lens through which the disintegration of traditional Southern social structures can be understood.This paper argues that the symbolic framework in the narrative not only shapes Emily’s personal tragedy but also serves as a profound metaphorical representation of the collapse of the old Southern civilization-a system marked by rigid social hierarchies,racial tensions,and the slow erosion of aristocratic ideals in the face of inevitable social transformation.By dissecting the intricate symbolic elements-from the decaying mansion to the gothic imagery of death and preservation-this analysis reveals how Faulkner’s symbolic methodology becomes a nuanced historical and psychological commentary on the South’s traumatic transition from an antebellum past to a modernizing present.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U2004210)Application Foundation Frontier Project of Wuhan Science and Technology Program(No.2020010601012199)City University of Hong Kong Strategic Research Grant,Hong Kong,China(No.7005505)。
文摘Vanadium nitride(VN)is a promising pseudocapacitive material due to the high theoretical capacity,rapid redox Faradaic kinetics,and appropriate potential window.Although VN shows large pseudocapacitance in alkaline electrolytes,the electrochemical instability and capacity degradation of VN electrode materials present significant challenges for practical applications.Herein,the capacitance decay mechanism of VN is investigated and a simple strategy to improve cycling stability of VN supercapacitor electrodes is proposed by introducing VO_(4)^(3-)anion in KOH electrolytes.Our results show that the VN electrode is electrochemical stabilization between-1.0and-0.4 V(vs.Hg/Hg O reference electrode)in 1.0 MKOH electrolyte,but demonstrates irreversible oxidation and fast capacitance decay in the potential range of-0.4 to0 V.In situ electrochemical measurements reveal that the capacitance decay of VN from-0.4 to 0 V is ascribed to the irreversible oxidation of vanadium(V)of N–V–O species by oxygen(O)of OH^(-).The as-generated oxidization species are subsequently dissolved into KOH electrolytes,thereby undermining the electrochemical stability of VN.However,this irreversible oxidation process could be hindered by introducing VO_(4)^(3-)in KOH electrolytes.A high volumetric specific capacitance of671.9 F.cm^(-3)(1 A.cm^(-3))and excellent cycling stability(120.3%over 1000 cycles)are achieved for VN nanorod electrode in KOH electrolytes containing VO_(4)^(3-).This study not only elucidates the failure mechanism of VN supercapacitor electrodes in alkaline electrolytes,but also provides new insights into enhancing pseudocapacitive energy storage of VN-based electrode materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12275369)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Sun Yat-sen University(No.22qntd3101)the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(2021B0301030006)。
文摘The tensor force changes the nuclear shell structure and thus may result in underlying influence of the collectivity and decay properties of the nucleus.We carefully examined the impact of the monopole and multipole effects originating from the tensor force on both the collectivity and the matrix element for the neutrinoless double-β(0νββ)decay,using the generatorcoordinate method with an effective interaction.To analyze the effect of the tensor force,we employed an effective Hamiltonian associated with the monopole-based universal interaction that explicitly consists of the central,tensor,and spin-orbit coupling terms.The interferences among the shell structure,quadrupole collectivity,nucleon occupancy,and 0νββmatrix elements were analyzed in detail.A better understanding of the tensor force would be of great importance in reducing the theoretical uncertainty in 0νββnuclear matrix element calculations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12375244 and 12135009)the Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate(Nos.CX20210007 and CX20230008)。
文摘In this study,we explore the impact of state-of-the-art laser fields on theαdecay half-life of deformed ground-state odd-A nuclei within the proton number range of 52–107.The calculations show that the presence of a laser field modulates theαdecay half-life by altering theαdecay penetration probability within a limited range.Moreover,the variance in the penetration probability rate of change between even–odd and odd–even nuclei is investigated.Furthermore,we investigate the rate of change of the penetration probability for the same parent nucleus with different neutron numbers,based on the characteristics of the odd-A nucleus.We found that the influence of the laser field on the penetration probability is determined by both the shell effect and odd–even staggering.This research contributes to the understanding of nuanced interactions between laser fields and nuclear decay processes.Therefore,valuable insights for future experiments in laser–nuclear physics are attainable using this study.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31900271,32160086)Key Technology Research for Identification of Toxic Fungi in Guizhou Province(GKHZC[2020]1Y065)+1 种基金Guizhou Grassroots Science Popularization Action Plan Project([2025]04)Study on Carbon Storage and Carbon Sink Value of Forest Vegetation in State-owned Shatang Forest Farms in Guangxi(2021KY02).
文摘[Objectives] To investigate the species diversity of wood-decaying fungi in karst regions of southwest China. [Methods] The karst core regions of southwest China, specifically Guizhou, Guangxi, and Yunnan, were investigated for the first time to analyze the species diversity characteristics of wood-decaying fungi in this area. This analysis was conducted through a comprehensive 5-year field investigation and systematic identification process. [Results] The wood-decaying fungi exhibited a distinctive species composition and distribution pattern within karst habitats, encompassing significant groups such as Polyporaceae and Hymenochaetaceae. Furthermore, these fungi demonstrated varying functional characteristics across the two ecological types of standing tree decay and wood decay. It was observed that wood-decaying fungi had a significant impact on the material cycle within karst ecosystems by degrading lignin and cellulose. Furthermore, the distribution of species diversity was closely associated with the characteristics of karst geomorphology and the types of vegetation. [Conclusions] This study not only addresses the lack of background data regarding wood-decaying fungi resources in karst regions, but also elucidates the maintenance mechanisms of fragile ecosystems from the perspective of decomposers. It provides a scientific foundation for biodiversity conservation, the prevention and control of forest diseases, and sustainable ecological management in karst regions.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFA1009200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12271079+1 种基金12494552)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Grant No.DUT24LAB127)。
文摘In this paper,we focus on the recovery of piecewise sparse signals containing both fast-decaying and slow-decaying nonzero entries.In order to improve the performance of classic Orthogonal Matching Pursuit(OMP)and Generalized Orthogonal Matching Pursuit(GOMP)algorithms for solving this problem,we propose the Piecewise Generalized Orthogonal Matching Pursuit(PGOMP)algorithm,by considering the mixed-decaying sparse signals as piecewise sparse signals with two components containing nonzero entries with different decay factors.The algorithm incorporates piecewise selection and deletion to retain the most significant entries according to the sparsity of each component.We provide a theoretical analysis based on the mutual coherence of the measurement matrix and the decay factors of the nonzero entries,establishing a sufficient condition for the PGOMP algorithm to select at least two correct indices in each iteration.Numerical simulations and an image decomposition experiment demonstrate that the proposed algorithm significantly improves the support recovery probability by effectively matching piecewise sparsity with decay factors.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12035011,11975167,12175151,12005139,11947123)the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(No.2021B0301030006)the Steady Support Program for Higher Education Institutions of Shenzhen(Nos.20200810163629001,20200817005440001).
文摘The α-nucleus interaction is crucial in the description of α decay. Recently, we developed a pocket-type dynamical doublefolding potential(DDFP) that effectively incorporates both the surface-medium effect and interior Pauli repulsion in α decay [H. Zheng et al., Phys. Rev. C 109, L011301(2024)]. This potential results in a pocket geometry within the nuclear surface region, which is consistent with the α-clustering characteristics predicted by microscopic calculations. In this study, the accuracy of the pocket-type DDFP was validated via systematic calculations of α-decay half-lives and an extended evaluation of the nuclear charge radii of the daughter nuclei. The results demonstrate good agreement with the experimental data for both quantities, thereby confirming the reliability of the DDFP model. Compared with calculations that use α-nucleus interactions derived from conventional double-folding procedures, DDFP employs fewer adjustable parameters to achieve a more accurate description of the charge radii based on the experimental α-decay energies.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12271141)。
文摘Cauchy problem for the linearized bipolar isentropic Navier-Stokes-Poisson system in R^(2) is studied.Through the reformulation of unknown functions,we change the formal system into a linearized Navier-Stokes system and a unipolar Navier-Stokes-Poisson system.Based on a delicate analysis of the corresponding Green function,L^(2) decay estimate of the solution is obtained.
基金supported by the Australian Research Council(Grant No.CE230100012)。
文摘The onset,cessation,and length of the rainy season are crucial for global water resources,agricultural practices,and food security.However,the response of precipitation seasonality to global warming remains uncertain.In this study,we analyze how global warming levels(GWLs)of 1.5℃ and 2℃ could affect the timing of rainfall onset(RODs),rainfall cessation(RCDs),and the overall duration of the rainy season(LRS)over global land monsoon(GLM)regions using simulations from CMIP6 under the SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios.With high model consensus,our results reveal that RODs are projected to occur later over Southern Africa,North Africa,and South America,but earlier over South Asia and Australia,in a warmer climate.The projected early RODs in Australia are more pronounced at the 2℃ GWL under SSP5-8.5.On the other hand,early RCDs are projected over South America and East Asia,while late RCDs are projected over North Africa,with high inter-model agreement.These changes are associated with a future decrease in LRS in most GLM regions.Additionally,we found that continuous warming over 1.5℃ will further reduce the length of the rainy season,especially over the South America,North Africa,and Southern Africa monsoon regions.The findings underscore the urgent need to mitigate global warming.
基金supported by the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2408085QA031)the third author's work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12001033).
文摘This paper studies the global existence and large-time behaviors of weak solutions to the kinetic particle model coupled with the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in IR3.First,we obtain the global weak solution using the characteristic and energy methods.Then,under the small assumption of the mass of the particle,we show that the solutions decay at the algebraic time-decay rate.Finally,it is also proved that the above rate is optimal.It should be remarked that if the particle in the coupled system vanishes(i.e.f=O),our works coincide with the classical results by Schonbek[32](J Amer Math Soc,1991,4:423-449),which can be regarded as a generalization from a single fuid model to the two-phase fluid one.
基金supported by the Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Educational Committee(2023AH040155)Zhisu Liu's research was supported by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515011679+2 种基金2024A1515012704)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)(CUG2106211CUGST2).
文摘The paper is concerned with a class of elliptic equation with critical exponent and Dipole potential.More precisely,we make use of the refined Sobolev inequality with Morrey norm to obtain the existence and decay properties of nonnegative radial ground state solutions.
基金supported by the National Key Laboratory of Particle Transport and Separation Technology(Grant No.WZKF-2024-2).
文摘An analytical model for describing the charged-particle transport in a wall-confined laser-induced decaying plasma is established under an external electrostatic field,focusing on the effects of the initial plasma-electrode gap(IPEG)that exists in applications such as laser isotope separation.This newly developed analytical model is validated by particle-in-cell simulations and the experimental scaling relation,and can also be reduced to its previously published counterpart that did not consider IPEGs.Based on this analytical model,the influences of different IPEG spacings on the characteristics of the whole ion extraction process are studied.The results show that the ion extraction ratios at the endpoints of the first and second stages both decrease with increasing IPEG spacing,while the corresponding time durations for the first two stages show a non-monotonous variation trend.The specific ion extraction time,defined as the ion extraction time per unit mass to comprehensively characterize the ion extraction efficiency,increases generally with the increase of IPEG spacing.This study not only provides further insight into the fundamental physical processes in a wall-bounded decaying plasma under an externally applied electrostatic field,but also offers useful theoretical guidance for optimal designs of geometrical and operating parameters in laser isotope separation processes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12475136 and 12075327)。
文摘The potential of high-intensity lasers to influence nuclear decay processes has attracted considerable interest.This study quantitatively evaluated the effects of high-intensity lasers on α decay and cluster radioactivity.Our calculations revealed that,among the parent nuclei investigated,^(144)Nd is the most susceptible to laser-induced alterations,primarily because of its relatively low decay energy.Additionally,circularly polarized lasers exhibit a greater impact on decay modifications than linearly polarized lasers.Given the limited time resolution of current detectors,it is essential to account for the timeaveraging effect of the laser.By incorporating the effects of circular polarization,time averaging,and angular averaging,our theoretical predictions indicated that the modification of^(144)Nd decay could reach 0.1%at an intensity of 10^(27)W/cm^(2).However,this intensity significantly exceeds the current laser capability of 10^(23)W/cm^(2),and the predicted modification of 0.1%remains below the detection threshold of contemporary measurement techniques.Observing laser-assistedαdecay and^(14)C cluster radioactivity will likely remain unfeasible until both ultrahigh laser intensities and significant advancements in experimental resolution are achieved.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC1307705).
文摘BACKGROUND The atherogenic index of plasma(AIP)has been shown to be positively correlated with cardiovascular disease in previous studies.However,it is unclear whether elderly people with long-term high AIP levels are more likely to develop coronary heart disease(CHD).Therefore,the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between AIP trajectory and CHD incidence in elderly people.METHODS 19,194 participants aged≥60 years who had three AIP measurements between 2018 and 2020 were included in this study.AIP was defined as log10(triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol).The group-based trajectory model was used to identify different trajectory patterns of AIP from 2018 to 2020.Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratio(HR)with 95%CI of CHD events between different trajectory groups from 2020 to 2023.RESULTS Three different trajectory patterns were identified through group-based trajectory model:the low-level group(n=7410,mean AIP:-0.25 to-0.17),the medium-level group(n=9981,mean AIP:0.02-0.08),and the high-level group(n=1803,mean AIP:0.38-0.42).During a mean follow-up of 2.65 years,a total of 1391 participants developed CHD.After adjusting for potential confounders,compared with the participants in the low-level group,the HR with 95%CI of the medium-level group and the high-level group were estimated to be 1.24(1.10-1.40)and 1.43(1.19-1.73),respectively.These findings remained consistent in subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses.CONCLUSIONS There was a significant correlation between persistent high AIP level and increased CHD risk in the elderly.This suggests that monitoring the long-term changes in AIP is helpful to identify individuals at high CHD risk in elderly people.
文摘Dear Editor,We present the reported case of rapid onset bull’s eye maculopathy.Chloroquine(CQ)and its safer,more widely used analogue,hydroxychloroquine(HCQ),were originally developed as antimalarial medications.However,they have since become essential in the treatment of various autoimmune disorders due to their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties.HCQ is also being investigated for potential applications in diabetes mellitus,coronavirus disease 2019,heart disease,and as an adjunct in cancer therapy^([1-2]).
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(82472218)National Key Clinical Specialist Construction Project(Z155080000004)+4 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFC3044400)Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZD0506502)the Science and Technology of Shanghai Committee(23Y31900100)Shen Kang Hospital Development Center Project for Technical Standardization Management and Promotion(SHDC22023239)Key Supporting Discipline of Shanghai Healthcare System(2023ZDFC0102).
文摘Spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage(SSAH)is a relatively uncommon but significant cause of acute and progressive neurological impairment.It represents less than 1.5%of all instances of bleeding within the subarachnoid space.[1]The early stages of SSAH often present atypical clinical symptoms,making diagnosis challenging and potentially leading to treatment delays,which further result in irreversible neurological damage.Lower back pain is a common complaint in the emergency department(ED).[2]Common causes include overuse resulting in back strain.
