Mt. Yulong, located in the eastern part of Tibetan Plateau, is the southmost present glaciation area both in China and Europe\|Asia continent,where distributes 19 typical sub\|tropics temperate glaciers. In the summer...Mt. Yulong, located in the eastern part of Tibetan Plateau, is the southmost present glaciation area both in China and Europe\|Asia continent,where distributes 19 typical sub\|tropics temperate glaciers. In the summer of 1999, a firn core, 10 10m long to the glacier ice, was successfully recovered in the accumulation area at the largest glacier (No.1 Baishui) on Mt. Yulong. Annual and seasonal variations of different climatic signals above the depth of 7 8m are apparent and five\|year snow accumulation can be clearly identified by the seasonal changes of isotopic and ionic composition, some higher values of electrical conductivity and pH values. These annual boundaries can be also verified by the positions of dirty refrozen ice layers at summer surface of each year. The mean annual net accumulation between the balance years of 94/95 and 97/98 are calculated to about 900mm water equivalent. The amplitude of isotopic changes becomes smaller with the increasing depth of the core and isotopic homogenization occurred below the depth of 7 8m. Concentrations of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ are much higher than those of Na + and K +, reflecting that the air masses for precipitation came far from their marine sources and passed over a longer continental route. Cl - and Na + show well corresponding variation patterns in the firn profile,indicating their same genesis. Concentrations of SO 2- 4 and NO - 3 are low, reflecting very slight pollution caused by human activities in this area. According to the sum of net income recovered from the firn core and the estimated ablation amount, the average annual precipitation above the equilibrium line is estimated in the scope of 2250mm and 3200mm but it needed to be verified by long\|term observation of mass balance. As indicated by the trend of local climatic changes in last 50years, climatic signals in the firn core and recent observation at the terminal of glacier No.1 Baishui, the glaciers in Mt. Yulong start to advance in 1998 after continuous retreat from early 1980’s to late 1990’s.展开更多
he poverty stricken mountain areas in China, though having achieved much progress in poverty alleviation, are faced with many challenges on their way toward sustainable development into the 21st century, including: th...he poverty stricken mountain areas in China, though having achieved much progress in poverty alleviation, are faced with many challenges on their way toward sustainable development into the 21st century, including: the new trends which have occurred during the transition of a planning economy to a market economy; new requirements from the sustainable development strategy; new changes of the national market situation; new perspective of the mountain area development, etc.. Hence, the preparation of the development strategy in the mountain areas must be based on the following new concepts: not to aim at establishing a complete industrial system; the market allocating resources instead of resources allocating the market; challenging the buyer market by creating famous brands; developing trade and transportation with great efforts. In the course of development, the orientation of agriculture is industrialization; the development of industry should focus on creating its own features and bringing about economic benefits, and increasing the proportion and level of the tertiary industry; township enterprises should focus on improving their technological level and product quality; and new economic growth points should be developed in forestry, fruit, natural medicament, tourism, hydraulic power and grass husbandry.展开更多
"希望在这数码年代内,可同时向年轻的一代介绍旧式胶卷机械相机,透过Analogue Photography,感受真切人性化视觉经验。"收集是否等于"拥有"?收集者又是否等同于狂热者?或是,还有……王振焕(Cat Ong)跟Canon AF 35M..."希望在这数码年代内,可同时向年轻的一代介绍旧式胶卷机械相机,透过Analogue Photography,感受真切人性化视觉经验。"收集是否等于"拥有"?收集者又是否等同于狂热者?或是,还有……王振焕(Cat Ong)跟Canon AF 35M同年同月出生,小学六年级父亲送他第一部照相机,Pentax"傻瓜机"。他17岁入读香港理工设计系,也终于买下人生第一部单镜反光机,Canon。"以前总以为当摄影师,便得拥有一台单镜反光机,后来才知是个假象罢了!"。第一份工作,在潮流杂志《MILK》中编辑采访有关设计、相机的专题,更策划相机展览,插画师Stella So笔下描绘这位爱相机的大男孩,他黑发冲冠、目光锐利,腰缠救生圈,一脸正气地作状要拯救四散于地摊里的旧相机……结果,当年沉寂的香港深水埗鸭寮街二手相机市场,一度掀起这年青人寻相机的热情。展开更多
At 3:40 p.m., June 26, Wang Xin,a 14-year-old girl, was wheeledout of the operating theater atJinan Central Hospital. A kidneyfrom her mother, Gong Yinghua,who had given her life 14 yearspreviously, had been trapeplan...At 3:40 p.m., June 26, Wang Xin,a 14-year-old girl, was wheeledout of the operating theater atJinan Central Hospital. A kidneyfrom her mother, Gong Yinghua,who had given her life 14 yearspreviously, had been trapeplantedinto her body.展开更多
The two ancient stone statues worshiped at Nhan Son Pagoda in Nhon Hau Commune,An Nhon Town,Binh Dinh Province,Vietnam,have played different roles and been known by various names throughout history,each tied to myster...The two ancient stone statues worshiped at Nhan Son Pagoda in Nhon Hau Commune,An Nhon Town,Binh Dinh Province,Vietnam,have played different roles and been known by various names throughout history,each tied to mysterious and fascinating stories.To explain the shift from their role as Dharma protectors,known as Dvarapala,in the Do Ban capital temple complex of the Vijaya Dynasty,to their portrayal as close friends in Song Nghia Pagoda,and finally to their current identity as the Red and Black Gods who bless everyone,the author of this article conducted several field trips for deeper insight.The changing roles of these two stone statues at Nhan Son Pagoda reflect the flexible and creative engagement of the Buddhist community in Binh Dinh Province with spiritual symbols,adapting to evolving religious needs.展开更多
目的探索无创光疗(non-damage phototherapy,NDPT)不同干预时长对小鼠膝骨关节炎(knee osteoarthritis,KOA)的治疗效果。方法研究对象为Balb/c小鼠54只,随机分为空白对照组、模型对照组和光疗组,每组18只小鼠。其中光疗组和模型对照组...目的探索无创光疗(non-damage phototherapy,NDPT)不同干预时长对小鼠膝骨关节炎(knee osteoarthritis,KOA)的治疗效果。方法研究对象为Balb/c小鼠54只,随机分为空白对照组、模型对照组和光疗组,每组18只小鼠。其中光疗组和模型对照组均在小鼠右膝关节腔内单次注射Ⅶ型胶原酶1U(6μl)建立KOA模型,光疗组在造模后第1天开始行NDPT照射,照射光参数:波长630 nm发光二极管(light emitting diode,LED),功率密度为10 mW/cm2,每日1次,每次1 h,连续照射至造模后12周;模型对照组不进行NDPT照射。空白对照组在相同部位注射等量磷酸盐缓冲溶液(phosphate buffered saline,PBS),也不进行LED照射。造模后4周、8周、12周,三组小鼠行右后肢足疼痛阈值评价,之后每组每个时间点取6只小鼠处死取膝关节进行组织病理学分析包括苏木精伊红(hematoxylin&eosin,HE)染色和番红固绿(saffron O fast green,SF)染色观察滑膜和软骨组织改变。并采用Krenn滑膜炎严重程度评分,对滑膜炎症进行评估;采用国际骨关节炎研究协会(Osteoarthritis Research Society International,OARSI)软骨损伤等级评分,对软骨损伤进行定量评估。免疫组织化学染色对软骨组织Ⅱ型胶原(Col-Ⅱ)阳性细胞比例表达情况半定量分析。结果造模后1 d,光疗组和模型对照组小鼠右侧膝关节出现红肿及触痛反应,说明造模成功;空白对照组右侧膝关节保持正常状态,无红肿及触痛反应。造模后4周,三组机械触痛阈值依次为空白对照组>光疗组>模型对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);三组滑膜炎和软骨损伤评分大小依次均为模型对照组>光疗组>空白对照(P<0.05);三组小鼠软骨组织Col-Ⅱ阳性细胞表达量依次为空白对照组>光疗组>模型对照组(P<0.05)。造模后8周,三组机械触痛阈值依次为空白对照组>光疗组>模型对照组,此时光疗组与空白对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),提示光疗组疼痛恢复正常水平;三组滑膜炎和软骨损伤评分大小依次均为模型对照组>光疗组>空白对照组(P<0.05);三组小鼠软骨组织Col-Ⅱ阳性细胞表达量依次空白对照组>光疗组>模型对照组(P<0.05),其中光疗组Col-Ⅱ阳性细胞比例与空白对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。造模后12周,三组机械触痛阈值依次为空白对照组>光疗组>模型对照组;三组滑膜炎和软骨损伤评分大小依次均为模型对照组>光疗组>空白对照组,其中滑膜炎评分差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);三组小鼠软骨组织Col-Ⅱ阳性细胞表达量依次空白对照组>光疗组>模型对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在小鼠KOA的早期开始进行12周NDPT干预,能够不同程度地缓解疼痛,改善滑膜炎和软骨损伤,延缓疾病进程。展开更多
文摘Mt. Yulong, located in the eastern part of Tibetan Plateau, is the southmost present glaciation area both in China and Europe\|Asia continent,where distributes 19 typical sub\|tropics temperate glaciers. In the summer of 1999, a firn core, 10 10m long to the glacier ice, was successfully recovered in the accumulation area at the largest glacier (No.1 Baishui) on Mt. Yulong. Annual and seasonal variations of different climatic signals above the depth of 7 8m are apparent and five\|year snow accumulation can be clearly identified by the seasonal changes of isotopic and ionic composition, some higher values of electrical conductivity and pH values. These annual boundaries can be also verified by the positions of dirty refrozen ice layers at summer surface of each year. The mean annual net accumulation between the balance years of 94/95 and 97/98 are calculated to about 900mm water equivalent. The amplitude of isotopic changes becomes smaller with the increasing depth of the core and isotopic homogenization occurred below the depth of 7 8m. Concentrations of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ are much higher than those of Na + and K +, reflecting that the air masses for precipitation came far from their marine sources and passed over a longer continental route. Cl - and Na + show well corresponding variation patterns in the firn profile,indicating their same genesis. Concentrations of SO 2- 4 and NO - 3 are low, reflecting very slight pollution caused by human activities in this area. According to the sum of net income recovered from the firn core and the estimated ablation amount, the average annual precipitation above the equilibrium line is estimated in the scope of 2250mm and 3200mm but it needed to be verified by long\|term observation of mass balance. As indicated by the trend of local climatic changes in last 50years, climatic signals in the firn core and recent observation at the terminal of glacier No.1 Baishui, the glaciers in Mt. Yulong start to advance in 1998 after continuous retreat from early 1980’s to late 1990’s.
文摘he poverty stricken mountain areas in China, though having achieved much progress in poverty alleviation, are faced with many challenges on their way toward sustainable development into the 21st century, including: the new trends which have occurred during the transition of a planning economy to a market economy; new requirements from the sustainable development strategy; new changes of the national market situation; new perspective of the mountain area development, etc.. Hence, the preparation of the development strategy in the mountain areas must be based on the following new concepts: not to aim at establishing a complete industrial system; the market allocating resources instead of resources allocating the market; challenging the buyer market by creating famous brands; developing trade and transportation with great efforts. In the course of development, the orientation of agriculture is industrialization; the development of industry should focus on creating its own features and bringing about economic benefits, and increasing the proportion and level of the tertiary industry; township enterprises should focus on improving their technological level and product quality; and new economic growth points should be developed in forestry, fruit, natural medicament, tourism, hydraulic power and grass husbandry.
文摘At 3:40 p.m., June 26, Wang Xin,a 14-year-old girl, was wheeledout of the operating theater atJinan Central Hospital. A kidneyfrom her mother, Gong Yinghua,who had given her life 14 yearspreviously, had been trapeplantedinto her body.
文摘The two ancient stone statues worshiped at Nhan Son Pagoda in Nhon Hau Commune,An Nhon Town,Binh Dinh Province,Vietnam,have played different roles and been known by various names throughout history,each tied to mysterious and fascinating stories.To explain the shift from their role as Dharma protectors,known as Dvarapala,in the Do Ban capital temple complex of the Vijaya Dynasty,to their portrayal as close friends in Song Nghia Pagoda,and finally to their current identity as the Red and Black Gods who bless everyone,the author of this article conducted several field trips for deeper insight.The changing roles of these two stone statues at Nhan Son Pagoda reflect the flexible and creative engagement of the Buddhist community in Binh Dinh Province with spiritual symbols,adapting to evolving religious needs.
文摘目的探索无创光疗(non-damage phototherapy,NDPT)不同干预时长对小鼠膝骨关节炎(knee osteoarthritis,KOA)的治疗效果。方法研究对象为Balb/c小鼠54只,随机分为空白对照组、模型对照组和光疗组,每组18只小鼠。其中光疗组和模型对照组均在小鼠右膝关节腔内单次注射Ⅶ型胶原酶1U(6μl)建立KOA模型,光疗组在造模后第1天开始行NDPT照射,照射光参数:波长630 nm发光二极管(light emitting diode,LED),功率密度为10 mW/cm2,每日1次,每次1 h,连续照射至造模后12周;模型对照组不进行NDPT照射。空白对照组在相同部位注射等量磷酸盐缓冲溶液(phosphate buffered saline,PBS),也不进行LED照射。造模后4周、8周、12周,三组小鼠行右后肢足疼痛阈值评价,之后每组每个时间点取6只小鼠处死取膝关节进行组织病理学分析包括苏木精伊红(hematoxylin&eosin,HE)染色和番红固绿(saffron O fast green,SF)染色观察滑膜和软骨组织改变。并采用Krenn滑膜炎严重程度评分,对滑膜炎症进行评估;采用国际骨关节炎研究协会(Osteoarthritis Research Society International,OARSI)软骨损伤等级评分,对软骨损伤进行定量评估。免疫组织化学染色对软骨组织Ⅱ型胶原(Col-Ⅱ)阳性细胞比例表达情况半定量分析。结果造模后1 d,光疗组和模型对照组小鼠右侧膝关节出现红肿及触痛反应,说明造模成功;空白对照组右侧膝关节保持正常状态,无红肿及触痛反应。造模后4周,三组机械触痛阈值依次为空白对照组>光疗组>模型对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);三组滑膜炎和软骨损伤评分大小依次均为模型对照组>光疗组>空白对照(P<0.05);三组小鼠软骨组织Col-Ⅱ阳性细胞表达量依次为空白对照组>光疗组>模型对照组(P<0.05)。造模后8周,三组机械触痛阈值依次为空白对照组>光疗组>模型对照组,此时光疗组与空白对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),提示光疗组疼痛恢复正常水平;三组滑膜炎和软骨损伤评分大小依次均为模型对照组>光疗组>空白对照组(P<0.05);三组小鼠软骨组织Col-Ⅱ阳性细胞表达量依次空白对照组>光疗组>模型对照组(P<0.05),其中光疗组Col-Ⅱ阳性细胞比例与空白对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。造模后12周,三组机械触痛阈值依次为空白对照组>光疗组>模型对照组;三组滑膜炎和软骨损伤评分大小依次均为模型对照组>光疗组>空白对照组,其中滑膜炎评分差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);三组小鼠软骨组织Col-Ⅱ阳性细胞表达量依次空白对照组>光疗组>模型对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在小鼠KOA的早期开始进行12周NDPT干预,能够不同程度地缓解疼痛,改善滑膜炎和软骨损伤,延缓疾病进程。
