The aim of this study is to investigate CO2 two-phase nozzle flow in terms of both experimental and analytical aspects for the optimum design of two-phase flow nozzle of CO2 two-phase flow ejector. In the experiment, ...The aim of this study is to investigate CO2 two-phase nozzle flow in terms of both experimental and analytical aspects for the optimum design of two-phase flow nozzle of CO2 two-phase flow ejector. In the experiment, it is measured that the temperature profile in the stream-wise direction of a divergent-convergent nozzle through which CO2 in the supercritical pressure condition is blown down into the atmosphere. In the analysis, a one-dimensional model which assumes steady, adiabatic, frictionless, and equilibrium is proposed. In the convergent part of the nozzle the flow is treated as single-phase flow of liquid, whereas in the divergent part the flow is treated as separated two-phase flow with saturated condition. The analytical results indicate that the temperature and the pressure decrease rapidly in the divergent part, and the void fraction increases immediately near the throat. Although this analysis is quite simple, the analytical results can follow the experimental results well within this study.展开更多
In sub nanometer carbon nanotubes,water exhibits unique dynamic characteristics,and in the high-frequency region of the infrared spectrum,where the stretching vibrations of the internal oxygen-hydrogen(O-H)bonds are c...In sub nanometer carbon nanotubes,water exhibits unique dynamic characteristics,and in the high-frequency region of the infrared spectrum,where the stretching vibrations of the internal oxygen-hydrogen(O-H)bonds are closely related to the hydrogen bonds(H-bonds)network between water molecules.Therefore,it is crucial to analyze the relationship between these two aspects.In this paper,the infrared spectrum and motion characteristics of the stretching vibrations of the O-H bonds in one-dimensional confined water(1DCW)and bulk water(BW)in(6,6)single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNT)are studied by molecular dynamics simulations.The results show that the stretching vibrations of the two O-H bonds in 1DCW exhibit different frequencies in the infrared spectrum,while the O-H bonds in BW display two identical main frequency peaks.Further analysis using the spring oscillator model reveals that the difference in the stretching amplitude of the O-H bonds is the main factor causing the change in vibration frequency,where an increase in stretching amplitude leads to a decrease in spring stiffness and,consequently,a lower vibration frequency.A more in-depth study found that the interaction of H-bonds between water molecules is the fundamental cause of the increased stretching amplitude and decreased vibration frequency of the O-H bonds.Finally,by analyzing the motion trajectory of the H atoms,the dynamic differences between 1DCW and BW are clearly revealed.These findings provide a new perspective for understanding the behavior of water molecules at the nanoscale and are of significant importance in advancing the development of infrared spectroscopy detection technology.展开更多
An analytical model for describing the charged-particle transport in a wall-confined laser-induced decaying plasma is established under an external electrostatic field,focusing on the effects of the initial plasma-ele...An analytical model for describing the charged-particle transport in a wall-confined laser-induced decaying plasma is established under an external electrostatic field,focusing on the effects of the initial plasma-electrode gap(IPEG)that exists in applications such as laser isotope separation.This newly developed analytical model is validated by particle-in-cell simulations and the experimental scaling relation,and can also be reduced to its previously published counterpart that did not consider IPEGs.Based on this analytical model,the influences of different IPEG spacings on the characteristics of the whole ion extraction process are studied.The results show that the ion extraction ratios at the endpoints of the first and second stages both decrease with increasing IPEG spacing,while the corresponding time durations for the first two stages show a non-monotonous variation trend.The specific ion extraction time,defined as the ion extraction time per unit mass to comprehensively characterize the ion extraction efficiency,increases generally with the increase of IPEG spacing.This study not only provides further insight into the fundamental physical processes in a wall-bounded decaying plasma under an externally applied electrostatic field,but also offers useful theoretical guidance for optimal designs of geometrical and operating parameters in laser isotope separation processes.展开更多
In this paper,we investigate the interfacial behavior of a thin,penny-shaped,one-dimensional(1D)hexagonal functionally graded(FG)piezoelectric quasicrystal(PQC)film bonded on a temperature-dependent elastic substrate ...In this paper,we investigate the interfacial behavior of a thin,penny-shaped,one-dimensional(1D)hexagonal functionally graded(FG)piezoelectric quasicrystal(PQC)film bonded on a temperature-dependent elastic substrate under thermal and electrical loads.The problem is modeled as axisymmetric based on the membrane theory,with the peeling stress and bending moment being disregarded.A potential theory method,combined with the Hankel transform technique,is utilized to derive the displacement field on the substrate surface.With perfect interfacial bonding assumption,an integral equation governing the phonon interfacial shear stress is formulated and numerically solved by the Chebyshev polynomials.Explicit expressions are derived for the interfacial shear stress,the internal stresses within the PQC film and the substrate,the axial strain,and the stress intensity factors(SIFs).Numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the effects of the film's aspect ratio,material inhomogeneity,material mismatch,and temperature-dependent material properties on its mechanical response.The results provide insights for the functional design and reliability assessment of FG PQC film/substrate systems.展开更多
The one-dimensional calculation of the gas/particle flows of a supersonic two-stage high-velocity oxy-fuel(HVOF) thermal spray process was performed. The internal gas flow was solved by numerically integrating theequa...The one-dimensional calculation of the gas/particle flows of a supersonic two-stage high-velocity oxy-fuel(HVOF) thermal spray process was performed. The internal gas flow was solved by numerically integrating theequations of the quasi-one-dimensional flow including the effects of pipe friction and heat transfer. As for the supersonicjet flow, semi-empirical equations were used to obtain the gas velocity and temperature along the centerline. The velocity and temperature of the particle were obtained by an one-way coupling method. The material ofthe spray particle selected in this study is ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). The temperaturedistributions in the spherical UHMWPE particles of 50 and 150 m accelerated and heated by the supersonic gasflow was clarified.展开更多
Six new lanthanide complexes:[Ln(3,4-DEOBA)3(4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy)]2·2C_(2)H_(5)OH,[Ln=Dy(1),Eu(2),Tb(3),Sm(4),Ho(5),Gd(6);3,4-DEOBA-=3,4-diethoxybenzoate,4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy=4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'...Six new lanthanide complexes:[Ln(3,4-DEOBA)3(4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy)]2·2C_(2)H_(5)OH,[Ln=Dy(1),Eu(2),Tb(3),Sm(4),Ho(5),Gd(6);3,4-DEOBA-=3,4-diethoxybenzoate,4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy=4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine]were successfully synthesized by the volatilization of the solution at room temperature.The crystal structures of six complexes were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction technology.The results showed that the complexes all have a binuclear structure,and the structures contain free ethanol molecules.Moreover,the coordination number of the central metal of each structural unit is eight.Adjacent structural units interact with each other through hydrogen bonds and further expand to form 1D chain-like and 2D planar structures.After conducting a systematic study on the luminescence properties of complexes 1-4,their emission and excitation spectra were obtained.Experimental results indicated that the fluorescence lifetimes of complexes 2 and 3 were 0.807 and 0.845 ms,respectively.The emission spectral data of complexes 1-4 were imported into the CIE chromaticity coordinate system,and their corre sponding luminescent regions cover the yellow light,red light,green light,and orange-red light bands,respectively.Within the temperature range of 299.15-1300 K,the thermal decomposition processes of the six complexes were comprehensively analyzed by using TG-DSC/FTIR/MS technology.The hypothesis of the gradual loss of ligand groups during the decomposition process was verified by detecting the escaped gas,3D infrared spectroscopy,and ion fragment information detected by mass spectrometry.The specific decomposition path is as follows:firstly,free ethanol molecules and neutral ligands are removed,and finally,acidic ligands are released;the final product is the corresponding metal oxide.CCDC:2430420,1;2430422,2;2430419,3;2430424,4;2430421,5;2430423,6.展开更多
Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macro...Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macrophages have been poorly understood and largely overlooked. However, a recent study reported that border-associated macrophages participate in stroke-induced inflammation, although many details and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive single-cell analysis of mouse border-associated macrophages using sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database(GSE174574 and GSE225948). Differentially expressed genes were identified, and enrichment analysis was performed to identify the transcription profile of border-associated macrophages. CellChat analysis was conducted to determine the cell communication network of border-associated macrophages. Transcription factors were predicted using the ‘pySCENIC' tool. We found that, in response to hypoxia, borderassociated macrophages underwent dynamic transcriptional changes and participated in the regulation of inflammatory-related pathways. Notably, the tumor necrosis factor pathway was activated by border-associated macrophages following ischemic stroke. The pySCENIC analysis indicated that the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(Stat3) was obviously upregulated in stroke, suggesting that Stat3 inhibition may be a promising strategy for treating border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation. Finally, we constructed an animal model to investigate the effects of border-associated macrophages depletion following a stroke. Treatment with liposomes containing clodronate significantly reduced infarct volume in the animals and improved neurological scores compared with untreated animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate comprehensive changes in border-associated macrophages following a stroke, providing a theoretical basis for targeting border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation in stroke treatment.展开更多
Background:Receptor-interacting protein kinases(RIPKs)regulate cell death,inflammation,and immune responses,yet their roles in cancer are not fully understood.This study investigates the expression,genomic alterations...Background:Receptor-interacting protein kinases(RIPKs)regulate cell death,inflammation,and immune responses,yet their roles in cancer are not fully understood.This study investigates the expression,genomic alterations,and functional implications of RIPK family members across various cancers.Methods:We collected multi-omics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and other public databases,including gene expression,copy number variation(CNV),mutation,methylation,tumor mutation burden(TMB),and microsatellite instability(MSI).Differential expression and survival analyses were performed using DESeq2 and Cox proportional hazards models.CNV and mutation data were analyzed with GISTIC2 and Mutect2,and methylation data with the ChAMP package.Correlations with TMB and MSI were assessed using Pearson coefficients,and gene set enrichment analysis was conducted with the MSigDB Hallmark gene sets.Results:RIPK family members show significant differential expression in various cancers,with RIPK1 and RIPK4 frequently altered.Survival analysis reveals heterogeneous impacts on overall survival.CNV and mutation analyses identify high alteration frequencies for RIPK2 and RIPK7,affecting gene expression.RIPK1 and RIPK7 are hypermethylated in several cancers,inversely correlating with RIPK3 expression.RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK5,RIPK6,and RIPK7 correlate positively with TMB,while RIPK3 shows negative correlations in some cancers.MSI analysis indicates associations with DNA mismatch repair.G ene set enrichment analysis highlights immune-related pathway enrichment for RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK3,and RIPK6,and cell proliferation and DNA repair pathways for RIPK4 and RIPK5.RIPK family members showed heterogeneous alterations across cancers:for example,RIPK7 was mutated in up to~15%of u terine c orpus e ndometrial c arcinoma and l ung s quamous c ell c arcinoma cases,and RIPK1 and RIPK7 exhibited frequent promoter hypermethylation in multiple tumor types.Several genes displayed context-dependent associations with overall survival and with TMB/MSI.Conclusion:This pan-cancer analysis of the RIPK family reveals their diverse roles and potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.The findings emphasize the importance of RIPK genes in tumorigenesis and suggest context-dependent functions across cancer types.Further studies are needed to explore their mechanisms in cancer development and clinical applications.展开更多
The sulfation and decomposition process has proven effective in selectively extracting lithium from lepidolite.It is essential to clarify the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions.A...The sulfation and decomposition process has proven effective in selectively extracting lithium from lepidolite.It is essential to clarify the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions.Accordingly,comprehensive kinetic study by employing thermalgravimetric analysis at various heating rates was presented in this paper.Two main weight loss regions were observed during heating.The initial region corresponded to the dehydration of crystal water,whereas the subsequent region with overlapping peaks involved complex decomposition reactions.The overlapping peaks were separated into two individual reaction peaks and the activation energy of each peak was calculated using isoconversional kinetics methods.The activation energy of peak 1 exhibited a continual increase as the reaction conversion progressed,while that of peak 2 steadily decreased.The optimal kinetic models,identified as belonging to the random nucleation and subsequent growth category,provided valuable insights into the mechanism of the decomposition reactions.Furthermore,the adjustment factor was introduced to reconstruct the kinetic mechanism models,and the reconstructed models described the kinetic mechanism model more accurately for the decomposition reactions.This study enhanced the understanding of the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of the lepidolite sulfation product decomposition reactions,further providing theoretical basis for promoting the selective extraction of lithium.展开更多
AIM:To present an overview of the research on global glaucoma treatment in the last decade in terms of publication year,journals,countries/regions,organizations,references,and keywords,to investigate the current resea...AIM:To present an overview of the research on global glaucoma treatment in the last decade in terms of publication year,journals,countries/regions,organizations,references,and keywords,to investigate the current research international trends and hot topics in this area.METHODS:Bibliometric analysis was conducted on 9128 articles in the Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC;Clarivate)database.Quantitative and qualitative analysis was employed using VOSviewer(v1.6.18),Pajek(v1.0.0.0),and CiteSpace(v6.1.R2)software.RESULTS:The 9128 papers relating to glaucoma treatment were published from April 2013 to April 2023,of which 7482 articles(82%)were original research articles and 1464(18%)were review articles.The United States(2867)and Johns Hopkins University(166)were the most productive country and institution,respectively,but the University College London had the highest h-index(54).The Journal of Glaucoma was the most productive and Ophthalmology had the highest h-index compared with other journals.The Keywords of interest included treatment surgery,cyclophotocoagulation,minimally invasive glaucoma surgery(MIGS),trabeculectomy,baerveldt,epidemiology,medication adherence,nanoparticle,optical coherence tomography(OCT),gene therapy,and artificial intelligence(AI).Glaucoma surgery appeared as a current research hotspot through the analysis of keywords.CONCLUSION:This study provides insights into the research trends and potential research hotspots in the treatment of glaucoma.This will help researchers to evaluate research policies and to promote international cooperation.展开更多
This paper investigates the reliability of internal marine combustion engines using an integrated approach that combines Fault Tree Analysis(FTA)and Bayesian Networks(BN).FTA provides a structured,top-down method for ...This paper investigates the reliability of internal marine combustion engines using an integrated approach that combines Fault Tree Analysis(FTA)and Bayesian Networks(BN).FTA provides a structured,top-down method for identifying critical failure modes and their root causes,while BN introduces flexibility in probabilistic reasoning,enabling dynamic updates based on new evidence.This dual methodology overcomes the limitations of static FTA models,offering a comprehensive framework for system reliability analysis.Critical failures,including External Leakage(ELU),Failure to Start(FTS),and Overheating(OHE),were identified as key risks.By incorporating redundancy into high-risk components such as pumps and batteries,the likelihood of these failures was significantly reduced.For instance,redundant pumps reduced the probability of ELU by 31.88%,while additional batteries decreased the occurrence of FTS by 36.45%.The results underscore the practical benefits of combining FTA and BN for enhancing system reliability,particularly in maritime applications where operational safety and efficiency are critical.This research provides valuable insights for maintenance planning and highlights the importance of redundancy in critical systems,especially as the industry transitions toward more autonomous vessels.展开更多
To ensure the safe transportation of radioactive materials,numerous countries have established specific standards.For the transfer of fissile materials,it is imperative that the material within the packaging remains i...To ensure the safe transportation of radioactive materials,numerous countries have established specific standards.For the transfer of fissile materials,it is imperative that the material within the packaging remains in a subcritical state during routine,normal,and accidental transport conditions.In the event of an accident,the rods within the storage tank may become rearranged,introducing uncertainty that must be accounted for to ensure that criticality analysis results are conservative.Historically,this uncertainty was addressed overly conservatively due to limited research on non-uniform arrangement scenarios,which proved unsuitable for criticality safety analysis of spent fuel packages.This paper introduced three distinct methods to non-uniformly rearrange fuel rods—Uniform Arrangement by Blocks,Layer-by-Layer Determination,and Birdcage Deformation—and meticulously evaluates the influences of rod rearrangement on the effective multiplication factor of neutrons,k eff,utilizing the Monte Carlo method.Ultimately,this study presents a holistic method capable of encompassing the entire spectrum of potential effects stemming from the rearrangement of fuel rods during rods mispositioning accident.By augmenting the safety margin,this approach proves to be adeptly suited for the criticality safety analysis of nuclear fuel transport containers.展开更多
Industrial waste salts are commonly used to make value-added snow-melting agents to ensure traffic safety in northern China during winter and spring after snowfall.However,heavy metals in industrial waste salts may po...Industrial waste salts are commonly used to make value-added snow-melting agents to ensure traffic safety in northern China during winter and spring after snowfall.However,heavy metals in industrial waste salts may pose certain environmental risks.Snow-melting agents and snow samples were collected and analyzed from highways,arterial roads,footbridges,and other locations in Beijing after the snowstorm in December 2023.It was found that the main component of snow-melting agents was sodium chloride with high concentrations of Cu,Mn,and Zn,which are not regulated in the current policies,despite the recent promotion of environmentally friendly snow-melting agents.The Pb,Zn and Cr contents of some snow samples exceeded the limitation value of surface water quality standards,potentially affecting the soil and water environment near roadsides,although the snow-melting agents comply with relevant standards,which indicates the policy gap in the management of recycled industrial salts.We reviewed and analyzed the relevant standards for snow-melting agents and industrial waste salts proposed nationally and internationally over the past 30 years.Through comparative analysis,we proposed relevant policy recommendations to the existing quality standards of snow-melting agents and the management regulations of industrial waste salts,and the formulation of corresponding usage strategies,aimed at reducing the potential environmental release of heavy metals from the use of snow-melting agents,thereby promoting more sustainable green urban development and environmentally sound waste management.展开更多
Background:Epidemiological studies have confirmed that longer exposure to insecticides like cypermethrin(CYP)significantly increases the risk of male reproductive toxicity.Crocus sativus L.has been recognized due to i...Background:Epidemiological studies have confirmed that longer exposure to insecticides like cypermethrin(CYP)significantly increases the risk of male reproductive toxicity.Crocus sativus L.has been recognized due to its therapeutic properties,but its exact role and molecular mechanisms in treatment of reproductive dysfunction remain unclear.Methods:During this study,36 rats were randomly divided into six groups(n=6):control,CYP-induced(60 mg/kg),standard(leuprolide 3 mg/kg)and three treatment groups receiving aqueous,ethanolic,and oil extracts(50 mg/kg or 20 mL/kg)for post-toxicity induction.Results:The finding represented that exposure of CYP significantly increased oxidative stress,disrupted testicular architecture,and markedly reduced testosterone levels(P<0.05).Importantly,Crocus sativus L.treatment alleviated these changes by increasing the expression of Nrf2(nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2),restoring the activity of antioxidant enzymes,and enhancing testicular histomorphology.Surprisingly,molecular docking established a high binding affinity of Crocus sativus L.phytoconstituents such as gallic acid,cinnamic acid and quercetin to the Nrf2-Keap1 complex.It is worth noting that,Crocus sativus L.exhibited a high level of protection against reproductive toxicity caused by CYP in male rats,which was mediated by the activation of Nrf2 pathway,reduction of oxidative damage,and favorable ADMET characteristics.Conclusion:Notably,this research provides a more valid,safe,and effective method of developing new drugs for reproductive disorders,however,further investigation is needed to support the research findings and implement it in clinical practice.展开更多
In order to directly construct the mapping between multiple state parameters and remaining useful life(RUL),and reduce the interference of random error on prediction accuracy,a RUL prediction model of aeroengine based...In order to directly construct the mapping between multiple state parameters and remaining useful life(RUL),and reduce the interference of random error on prediction accuracy,a RUL prediction model of aeroengine based on principal component analysis(PCA)and one-dimensional convolution neural network(1D-CNN)is proposed in this paper.Firstly,multiple state parameters corresponding to massive cycles of aeroengine are collected and brought into PCA for dimensionality reduction,and principal components are extracted for further time series prediction.Secondly,the 1D-CNN model is constructed to directly study the mapping between principal components and RUL.Multiple convolution and pooling operations are applied for deep feature extraction,and the end-to-end RUL prediction of aeroengine can be realized.Experimental results show that the most effective principal component from the multiple state parameters can be obtained by PCA,and the long time series of multiple state parameters can be directly mapped to RUL by 1D-CNN,so as to improve the efficiency and accuracy of RUL prediction.Compared with other traditional models,the proposed method also has lower prediction error and better robustness.展开更多
Following the assumptions proposed by MESRI and ROKHSAR,the one-dimensional nonlinear consolidation problem of soil under constant loading is studied by introducing continuous drainage boundary.The numerical solution ...Following the assumptions proposed by MESRI and ROKHSAR,the one-dimensional nonlinear consolidation problem of soil under constant loading is studied by introducing continuous drainage boundary.The numerical solution is derived by using finite difference method and its correctness is assessed by comparing with existing analytical and numerical solutions.Based on the present solution,the effects of interface parameters,stress ratios(i.e.,final effective stress over initial effective stress,N_(σ))and the ratio c_(c)/c_(k)of compression index to permeability index on the consolidation behavior of soil are studied in detail.The results show that,the characteristics of one-dimensional nonlinear consolidation of soil are not only related to c_(c)/c_(k)and N_(σ),but also related to boundary conditions.In the engineering practice,the soil drainage rate of consolidation process can be designed by adjusting the values of interface parameters.展开更多
Discrete models such as the lumped parameter model and the finite element model are widely used in the solution of soil amplification of earthquakes. However, neither of the models will accurately estimate the natural...Discrete models such as the lumped parameter model and the finite element model are widely used in the solution of soil amplification of earthquakes. However, neither of the models will accurately estimate the natural frequencies of soil deposit, nor simulate a damping of frequency independence. This research develops a new discrete model for onedimensional viscoelastic response analysis of layered soil deposit based on the mode equivalence method. The new discrete model is a one-dimensional equivalent multi-degree-of-freedom（MDOF） system characterized by a series of concentrated masses, springs and dashpots with a special configuration. The dynamic response of the equivalent MDOF system is analytically derived and the physical parameters are formulated in terms of modal properties. The equivalent MDOF system is verified through a comparison of amplification functions with the available theoretical solutions. The appropriate number of degrees of freedom（DOFs） in the equivalent MDOF system is estimated. A comparative study of the equivalent MDOF system with the existing discrete models is performed. It is shown that the proposed equivalent MDOF system can exactly present the natural frequencies and the hysteretic damping of soil deposits and provide more accurate results with fewer DOFs.展开更多
Within the framework of continuum mechanics, the double power series ex- pansion technique is proposed, and a series of reduced one-dimensional （1D） equations for a piezoelectric semiconductor beam are obtained. The...Within the framework of continuum mechanics, the double power series ex- pansion technique is proposed, and a series of reduced one-dimensional （1D） equations for a piezoelectric semiconductor beam are obtained. These derived equations are universal, in which extension, flexure, and shear deformations are all included, and can be degen- erated to a number of special cases, e.g., extensional motion, coupled extensional and flexural motion with shear deformations, and elementary flexural motion without shear deformations. As a typical application, the extensional motion of a ZnO beam is analyzed sequentially. It is revealed that semi-conduction has a great effect on the performance of the piezoelectric semiconductor beam, including static deformations and dynamic be- haviors. A larger initial carrier density will evidently lead to a lower resonant frequency and a smaller displacement response, which is a little similar to the dissipative effect. Both the derived approximate equations and the corresponding qualitative analysis are general and widely applicable, which can clearly interpret the inner physical mechanism of the semiconductor in the piezoelectrics and provide theoretical guidance for further experimental design.展开更多
Based on non-Darcian flow caused by non-Newtonian liquid, the theory of one-dimensional (1D) consolidation was modified to consider variation in the total vertical stress with depth and time. The finite difference met...Based on non-Darcian flow caused by non-Newtonian liquid, the theory of one-dimensional (1D) consolidation was modified to consider variation in the total vertical stress with depth and time. The finite difference method (FDM) was adopted to obtain numerical solutions for excess pore water pressure and average degree of consolidation. When non-Darcian flow is degenerated into Darcian flow, a comparison between numerical solutions and analytical solutions was made to verify reliability of finite difference solutions. Finally, taking into account the ramp time-dependent loading, consolidation behaviors with non-Darcian flow under various parameters were analyzed. Thus, a comprehensive analysis of 1D consolidation combined with non-Darcian flow caused by non-Newtonian liquid was conducted in this paper.展开更多
Sensitivity analysis in chaotic dynamical systems is a challenging task from a computational point of view.In this work,we present a numerical investigation of a novel approach,known as the space-split sensitivity or ...Sensitivity analysis in chaotic dynamical systems is a challenging task from a computational point of view.In this work,we present a numerical investigation of a novel approach,known as the space-split sensitivity or S3 algorithm.The S3 algorithm is an ergodic-averaging method to differentiate statistics in ergodic,chaotic systems,rigorously based on the theory of hyperbolic dynamics.We illustrate S3 on one-dimensional chaotic maps,revealing its computational advantage over na?ve finite difference computations of the same statistical response.In addition,we provide an intuitive explanation of the key components of the S3 algorithm,including the density gradient function.展开更多
文摘The aim of this study is to investigate CO2 two-phase nozzle flow in terms of both experimental and analytical aspects for the optimum design of two-phase flow nozzle of CO2 two-phase flow ejector. In the experiment, it is measured that the temperature profile in the stream-wise direction of a divergent-convergent nozzle through which CO2 in the supercritical pressure condition is blown down into the atmosphere. In the analysis, a one-dimensional model which assumes steady, adiabatic, frictionless, and equilibrium is proposed. In the convergent part of the nozzle the flow is treated as single-phase flow of liquid, whereas in the divergent part the flow is treated as separated two-phase flow with saturated condition. The analytical results indicate that the temperature and the pressure decrease rapidly in the divergent part, and the void fraction increases immediately near the throat. Although this analysis is quite simple, the analytical results can follow the experimental results well within this study.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(51705326,52075339)。
文摘In sub nanometer carbon nanotubes,water exhibits unique dynamic characteristics,and in the high-frequency region of the infrared spectrum,where the stretching vibrations of the internal oxygen-hydrogen(O-H)bonds are closely related to the hydrogen bonds(H-bonds)network between water molecules.Therefore,it is crucial to analyze the relationship between these two aspects.In this paper,the infrared spectrum and motion characteristics of the stretching vibrations of the O-H bonds in one-dimensional confined water(1DCW)and bulk water(BW)in(6,6)single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNT)are studied by molecular dynamics simulations.The results show that the stretching vibrations of the two O-H bonds in 1DCW exhibit different frequencies in the infrared spectrum,while the O-H bonds in BW display two identical main frequency peaks.Further analysis using the spring oscillator model reveals that the difference in the stretching amplitude of the O-H bonds is the main factor causing the change in vibration frequency,where an increase in stretching amplitude leads to a decrease in spring stiffness and,consequently,a lower vibration frequency.A more in-depth study found that the interaction of H-bonds between water molecules is the fundamental cause of the increased stretching amplitude and decreased vibration frequency of the O-H bonds.Finally,by analyzing the motion trajectory of the H atoms,the dynamic differences between 1DCW and BW are clearly revealed.These findings provide a new perspective for understanding the behavior of water molecules at the nanoscale and are of significant importance in advancing the development of infrared spectroscopy detection technology.
基金supported by the National Key Laboratory of Particle Transport and Separation Technology(Grant No.WZKF-2024-2).
文摘An analytical model for describing the charged-particle transport in a wall-confined laser-induced decaying plasma is established under an external electrostatic field,focusing on the effects of the initial plasma-electrode gap(IPEG)that exists in applications such as laser isotope separation.This newly developed analytical model is validated by particle-in-cell simulations and the experimental scaling relation,and can also be reduced to its previously published counterpart that did not consider IPEGs.Based on this analytical model,the influences of different IPEG spacings on the characteristics of the whole ion extraction process are studied.The results show that the ion extraction ratios at the endpoints of the first and second stages both decrease with increasing IPEG spacing,while the corresponding time durations for the first two stages show a non-monotonous variation trend.The specific ion extraction time,defined as the ion extraction time per unit mass to comprehensively characterize the ion extraction efficiency,increases generally with the increase of IPEG spacing.This study not only provides further insight into the fundamental physical processes in a wall-bounded decaying plasma under an externally applied electrostatic field,but also offers useful theoretical guidance for optimal designs of geometrical and operating parameters in laser isotope separation processes.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11902293 and 12272353)。
文摘In this paper,we investigate the interfacial behavior of a thin,penny-shaped,one-dimensional(1D)hexagonal functionally graded(FG)piezoelectric quasicrystal(PQC)film bonded on a temperature-dependent elastic substrate under thermal and electrical loads.The problem is modeled as axisymmetric based on the membrane theory,with the peeling stress and bending moment being disregarded.A potential theory method,combined with the Hankel transform technique,is utilized to derive the displacement field on the substrate surface.With perfect interfacial bonding assumption,an integral equation governing the phonon interfacial shear stress is formulated and numerically solved by the Chebyshev polynomials.Explicit expressions are derived for the interfacial shear stress,the internal stresses within the PQC film and the substrate,the axial strain,and the stress intensity factors(SIFs).Numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the effects of the film's aspect ratio,material inhomogeneity,material mismatch,and temperature-dependent material properties on its mechanical response.The results provide insights for the functional design and reliability assessment of FG PQC film/substrate systems.
文摘The one-dimensional calculation of the gas/particle flows of a supersonic two-stage high-velocity oxy-fuel(HVOF) thermal spray process was performed. The internal gas flow was solved by numerically integrating theequations of the quasi-one-dimensional flow including the effects of pipe friction and heat transfer. As for the supersonicjet flow, semi-empirical equations were used to obtain the gas velocity and temperature along the centerline. The velocity and temperature of the particle were obtained by an one-way coupling method. The material ofthe spray particle selected in this study is ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). The temperaturedistributions in the spherical UHMWPE particles of 50 and 150 m accelerated and heated by the supersonic gasflow was clarified.
文摘Six new lanthanide complexes:[Ln(3,4-DEOBA)3(4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy)]2·2C_(2)H_(5)OH,[Ln=Dy(1),Eu(2),Tb(3),Sm(4),Ho(5),Gd(6);3,4-DEOBA-=3,4-diethoxybenzoate,4,4'-DM-2,2'-bipy=4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine]were successfully synthesized by the volatilization of the solution at room temperature.The crystal structures of six complexes were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction technology.The results showed that the complexes all have a binuclear structure,and the structures contain free ethanol molecules.Moreover,the coordination number of the central metal of each structural unit is eight.Adjacent structural units interact with each other through hydrogen bonds and further expand to form 1D chain-like and 2D planar structures.After conducting a systematic study on the luminescence properties of complexes 1-4,their emission and excitation spectra were obtained.Experimental results indicated that the fluorescence lifetimes of complexes 2 and 3 were 0.807 and 0.845 ms,respectively.The emission spectral data of complexes 1-4 were imported into the CIE chromaticity coordinate system,and their corre sponding luminescent regions cover the yellow light,red light,green light,and orange-red light bands,respectively.Within the temperature range of 299.15-1300 K,the thermal decomposition processes of the six complexes were comprehensively analyzed by using TG-DSC/FTIR/MS technology.The hypothesis of the gradual loss of ligand groups during the decomposition process was verified by detecting the escaped gas,3D infrared spectroscopy,and ion fragment information detected by mass spectrometry.The specific decomposition path is as follows:firstly,free ethanol molecules and neutral ligands are removed,and finally,acidic ligands are released;the final product is the corresponding metal oxide.CCDC:2430420,1;2430422,2;2430419,3;2430424,4;2430421,5;2430423,6.
基金supported by Qingdao Key Medical and Health Discipline ProjectThe Intramural Research Program of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,No. 4910Qingdao West Coast New Area Science and Technology Project,No. 2020-55 (all to SW)。
文摘Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macrophages have been poorly understood and largely overlooked. However, a recent study reported that border-associated macrophages participate in stroke-induced inflammation, although many details and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive single-cell analysis of mouse border-associated macrophages using sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database(GSE174574 and GSE225948). Differentially expressed genes were identified, and enrichment analysis was performed to identify the transcription profile of border-associated macrophages. CellChat analysis was conducted to determine the cell communication network of border-associated macrophages. Transcription factors were predicted using the ‘pySCENIC' tool. We found that, in response to hypoxia, borderassociated macrophages underwent dynamic transcriptional changes and participated in the regulation of inflammatory-related pathways. Notably, the tumor necrosis factor pathway was activated by border-associated macrophages following ischemic stroke. The pySCENIC analysis indicated that the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(Stat3) was obviously upregulated in stroke, suggesting that Stat3 inhibition may be a promising strategy for treating border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation. Finally, we constructed an animal model to investigate the effects of border-associated macrophages depletion following a stroke. Treatment with liposomes containing clodronate significantly reduced infarct volume in the animals and improved neurological scores compared with untreated animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate comprehensive changes in border-associated macrophages following a stroke, providing a theoretical basis for targeting border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation in stroke treatment.
基金supported by grants from the Tianjin Health Technology Project(Grant no.2022QN106).
文摘Background:Receptor-interacting protein kinases(RIPKs)regulate cell death,inflammation,and immune responses,yet their roles in cancer are not fully understood.This study investigates the expression,genomic alterations,and functional implications of RIPK family members across various cancers.Methods:We collected multi-omics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and other public databases,including gene expression,copy number variation(CNV),mutation,methylation,tumor mutation burden(TMB),and microsatellite instability(MSI).Differential expression and survival analyses were performed using DESeq2 and Cox proportional hazards models.CNV and mutation data were analyzed with GISTIC2 and Mutect2,and methylation data with the ChAMP package.Correlations with TMB and MSI were assessed using Pearson coefficients,and gene set enrichment analysis was conducted with the MSigDB Hallmark gene sets.Results:RIPK family members show significant differential expression in various cancers,with RIPK1 and RIPK4 frequently altered.Survival analysis reveals heterogeneous impacts on overall survival.CNV and mutation analyses identify high alteration frequencies for RIPK2 and RIPK7,affecting gene expression.RIPK1 and RIPK7 are hypermethylated in several cancers,inversely correlating with RIPK3 expression.RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK5,RIPK6,and RIPK7 correlate positively with TMB,while RIPK3 shows negative correlations in some cancers.MSI analysis indicates associations with DNA mismatch repair.G ene set enrichment analysis highlights immune-related pathway enrichment for RIPK1,RIPK2,RIPK3,and RIPK6,and cell proliferation and DNA repair pathways for RIPK4 and RIPK5.RIPK family members showed heterogeneous alterations across cancers:for example,RIPK7 was mutated in up to~15%of u terine c orpus e ndometrial c arcinoma and l ung s quamous c ell c arcinoma cases,and RIPK1 and RIPK7 exhibited frequent promoter hypermethylation in multiple tumor types.Several genes displayed context-dependent associations with overall survival and with TMB/MSI.Conclusion:This pan-cancer analysis of the RIPK family reveals their diverse roles and potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.The findings emphasize the importance of RIPK genes in tumorigenesis and suggest context-dependent functions across cancer types.Further studies are needed to explore their mechanisms in cancer development and clinical applications.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52034002 and U2202254)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.FRF-TT-19-001)。
文摘The sulfation and decomposition process has proven effective in selectively extracting lithium from lepidolite.It is essential to clarify the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions.Accordingly,comprehensive kinetic study by employing thermalgravimetric analysis at various heating rates was presented in this paper.Two main weight loss regions were observed during heating.The initial region corresponded to the dehydration of crystal water,whereas the subsequent region with overlapping peaks involved complex decomposition reactions.The overlapping peaks were separated into two individual reaction peaks and the activation energy of each peak was calculated using isoconversional kinetics methods.The activation energy of peak 1 exhibited a continual increase as the reaction conversion progressed,while that of peak 2 steadily decreased.The optimal kinetic models,identified as belonging to the random nucleation and subsequent growth category,provided valuable insights into the mechanism of the decomposition reactions.Furthermore,the adjustment factor was introduced to reconstruct the kinetic mechanism models,and the reconstructed models described the kinetic mechanism model more accurately for the decomposition reactions.This study enhanced the understanding of the thermochemical behavior and kinetic parameters of the lepidolite sulfation product decomposition reactions,further providing theoretical basis for promoting the selective extraction of lithium.
基金Suppotred by Tianjin Key Medical Discipline Construction Project(No.TJYXZDXK-3-004A-2).
文摘AIM:To present an overview of the research on global glaucoma treatment in the last decade in terms of publication year,journals,countries/regions,organizations,references,and keywords,to investigate the current research international trends and hot topics in this area.METHODS:Bibliometric analysis was conducted on 9128 articles in the Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC;Clarivate)database.Quantitative and qualitative analysis was employed using VOSviewer(v1.6.18),Pajek(v1.0.0.0),and CiteSpace(v6.1.R2)software.RESULTS:The 9128 papers relating to glaucoma treatment were published from April 2013 to April 2023,of which 7482 articles(82%)were original research articles and 1464(18%)were review articles.The United States(2867)and Johns Hopkins University(166)were the most productive country and institution,respectively,but the University College London had the highest h-index(54).The Journal of Glaucoma was the most productive and Ophthalmology had the highest h-index compared with other journals.The Keywords of interest included treatment surgery,cyclophotocoagulation,minimally invasive glaucoma surgery(MIGS),trabeculectomy,baerveldt,epidemiology,medication adherence,nanoparticle,optical coherence tomography(OCT),gene therapy,and artificial intelligence(AI).Glaucoma surgery appeared as a current research hotspot through the analysis of keywords.CONCLUSION:This study provides insights into the research trends and potential research hotspots in the treatment of glaucoma.This will help researchers to evaluate research policies and to promote international cooperation.
基金supported by Istanbul Technical University(Project No.45698)supported through the“Young Researchers’Career Development Project-training of doctoral students”of the Croatian Science Foundation.
文摘This paper investigates the reliability of internal marine combustion engines using an integrated approach that combines Fault Tree Analysis(FTA)and Bayesian Networks(BN).FTA provides a structured,top-down method for identifying critical failure modes and their root causes,while BN introduces flexibility in probabilistic reasoning,enabling dynamic updates based on new evidence.This dual methodology overcomes the limitations of static FTA models,offering a comprehensive framework for system reliability analysis.Critical failures,including External Leakage(ELU),Failure to Start(FTS),and Overheating(OHE),were identified as key risks.By incorporating redundancy into high-risk components such as pumps and batteries,the likelihood of these failures was significantly reduced.For instance,redundant pumps reduced the probability of ELU by 31.88%,while additional batteries decreased the occurrence of FTS by 36.45%.The results underscore the practical benefits of combining FTA and BN for enhancing system reliability,particularly in maritime applications where operational safety and efficiency are critical.This research provides valuable insights for maintenance planning and highlights the importance of redundancy in critical systems,especially as the industry transitions toward more autonomous vessels.
文摘To ensure the safe transportation of radioactive materials,numerous countries have established specific standards.For the transfer of fissile materials,it is imperative that the material within the packaging remains in a subcritical state during routine,normal,and accidental transport conditions.In the event of an accident,the rods within the storage tank may become rearranged,introducing uncertainty that must be accounted for to ensure that criticality analysis results are conservative.Historically,this uncertainty was addressed overly conservatively due to limited research on non-uniform arrangement scenarios,which proved unsuitable for criticality safety analysis of spent fuel packages.This paper introduced three distinct methods to non-uniformly rearrange fuel rods—Uniform Arrangement by Blocks,Layer-by-Layer Determination,and Birdcage Deformation—and meticulously evaluates the influences of rod rearrangement on the effective multiplication factor of neutrons,k eff,utilizing the Monte Carlo method.Ultimately,this study presents a holistic method capable of encompassing the entire spectrum of potential effects stemming from the rearrangement of fuel rods during rods mispositioning accident.By augmenting the safety margin,this approach proves to be adeptly suited for the criticality safety analysis of nuclear fuel transport containers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22176200)the Industrial Innovation Entrepreneurial Team Project of Ordos 2021.
文摘Industrial waste salts are commonly used to make value-added snow-melting agents to ensure traffic safety in northern China during winter and spring after snowfall.However,heavy metals in industrial waste salts may pose certain environmental risks.Snow-melting agents and snow samples were collected and analyzed from highways,arterial roads,footbridges,and other locations in Beijing after the snowstorm in December 2023.It was found that the main component of snow-melting agents was sodium chloride with high concentrations of Cu,Mn,and Zn,which are not regulated in the current policies,despite the recent promotion of environmentally friendly snow-melting agents.The Pb,Zn and Cr contents of some snow samples exceeded the limitation value of surface water quality standards,potentially affecting the soil and water environment near roadsides,although the snow-melting agents comply with relevant standards,which indicates the policy gap in the management of recycled industrial salts.We reviewed and analyzed the relevant standards for snow-melting agents and industrial waste salts proposed nationally and internationally over the past 30 years.Through comparative analysis,we proposed relevant policy recommendations to the existing quality standards of snow-melting agents and the management regulations of industrial waste salts,and the formulation of corresponding usage strategies,aimed at reducing the potential environmental release of heavy metals from the use of snow-melting agents,thereby promoting more sustainable green urban development and environmentally sound waste management.
文摘Background:Epidemiological studies have confirmed that longer exposure to insecticides like cypermethrin(CYP)significantly increases the risk of male reproductive toxicity.Crocus sativus L.has been recognized due to its therapeutic properties,but its exact role and molecular mechanisms in treatment of reproductive dysfunction remain unclear.Methods:During this study,36 rats were randomly divided into six groups(n=6):control,CYP-induced(60 mg/kg),standard(leuprolide 3 mg/kg)and three treatment groups receiving aqueous,ethanolic,and oil extracts(50 mg/kg or 20 mL/kg)for post-toxicity induction.Results:The finding represented that exposure of CYP significantly increased oxidative stress,disrupted testicular architecture,and markedly reduced testosterone levels(P<0.05).Importantly,Crocus sativus L.treatment alleviated these changes by increasing the expression of Nrf2(nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2),restoring the activity of antioxidant enzymes,and enhancing testicular histomorphology.Surprisingly,molecular docking established a high binding affinity of Crocus sativus L.phytoconstituents such as gallic acid,cinnamic acid and quercetin to the Nrf2-Keap1 complex.It is worth noting that,Crocus sativus L.exhibited a high level of protection against reproductive toxicity caused by CYP in male rats,which was mediated by the activation of Nrf2 pathway,reduction of oxidative damage,and favorable ADMET characteristics.Conclusion:Notably,this research provides a more valid,safe,and effective method of developing new drugs for reproductive disorders,however,further investigation is needed to support the research findings and implement it in clinical practice.
基金supported by Jiangsu Social Science Foundation(No.20GLD008)Science,Technology Projects of Jiangsu Provincial Department of Communications(No.2020Y14)Joint Fund for Civil Aviation Research(No.U1933202)。
文摘In order to directly construct the mapping between multiple state parameters and remaining useful life(RUL),and reduce the interference of random error on prediction accuracy,a RUL prediction model of aeroengine based on principal component analysis(PCA)and one-dimensional convolution neural network(1D-CNN)is proposed in this paper.Firstly,multiple state parameters corresponding to massive cycles of aeroengine are collected and brought into PCA for dimensionality reduction,and principal components are extracted for further time series prediction.Secondly,the 1D-CNN model is constructed to directly study the mapping between principal components and RUL.Multiple convolution and pooling operations are applied for deep feature extraction,and the end-to-end RUL prediction of aeroengine can be realized.Experimental results show that the most effective principal component from the multiple state parameters can be obtained by PCA,and the long time series of multiple state parameters can be directly mapped to RUL by 1D-CNN,so as to improve the efficiency and accuracy of RUL prediction.Compared with other traditional models,the proposed method also has lower prediction error and better robustness.
基金Projects(51678547,41672296,51878634,51878185,41867034)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘Following the assumptions proposed by MESRI and ROKHSAR,the one-dimensional nonlinear consolidation problem of soil under constant loading is studied by introducing continuous drainage boundary.The numerical solution is derived by using finite difference method and its correctness is assessed by comparing with existing analytical and numerical solutions.Based on the present solution,the effects of interface parameters,stress ratios(i.e.,final effective stress over initial effective stress,N_(σ))and the ratio c_(c)/c_(k)of compression index to permeability index on the consolidation behavior of soil are studied in detail.The results show that,the characteristics of one-dimensional nonlinear consolidation of soil are not only related to c_(c)/c_(k)and N_(σ),but also related to boundary conditions.In the engineering practice,the soil drainage rate of consolidation process can be designed by adjusting the values of interface parameters.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(51208296&51478343)Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology(13231200503)+2 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2013KJ095&101201438)Shanghai Educational Development Foundation(13CG17)National Key Technology R&D Program(2012BAK24B04)
文摘Discrete models such as the lumped parameter model and the finite element model are widely used in the solution of soil amplification of earthquakes. However, neither of the models will accurately estimate the natural frequencies of soil deposit, nor simulate a damping of frequency independence. This research develops a new discrete model for onedimensional viscoelastic response analysis of layered soil deposit based on the mode equivalence method. The new discrete model is a one-dimensional equivalent multi-degree-of-freedom（MDOF） system characterized by a series of concentrated masses, springs and dashpots with a special configuration. The dynamic response of the equivalent MDOF system is analytically derived and the physical parameters are formulated in terms of modal properties. The equivalent MDOF system is verified through a comparison of amplification functions with the available theoretical solutions. The appropriate number of degrees of freedom（DOFs） in the equivalent MDOF system is estimated. A comparative study of the equivalent MDOF system with the existing discrete models is performed. It is shown that the proposed equivalent MDOF system can exactly present the natural frequencies and the hysteretic damping of soil deposits and provide more accurate results with fewer DOFs.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11672223,11402187,and 51178390)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2014M560762)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.xjj2015131)
文摘Within the framework of continuum mechanics, the double power series ex- pansion technique is proposed, and a series of reduced one-dimensional （1D） equations for a piezoelectric semiconductor beam are obtained. These derived equations are universal, in which extension, flexure, and shear deformations are all included, and can be degen- erated to a number of special cases, e.g., extensional motion, coupled extensional and flexural motion with shear deformations, and elementary flexural motion without shear deformations. As a typical application, the extensional motion of a ZnO beam is analyzed sequentially. It is revealed that semi-conduction has a great effect on the performance of the piezoelectric semiconductor beam, including static deformations and dynamic be- haviors. A larger initial carrier density will evidently lead to a lower resonant frequency and a smaller displacement response, which is a little similar to the dissipative effect. Both the derived approximate equations and the corresponding qualitative analysis are general and widely applicable, which can clearly interpret the inner physical mechanism of the semiconductor in the piezoelectrics and provide theoretical guidance for further experimental design.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51109092,50878191)
文摘Based on non-Darcian flow caused by non-Newtonian liquid, the theory of one-dimensional (1D) consolidation was modified to consider variation in the total vertical stress with depth and time. The finite difference method (FDM) was adopted to obtain numerical solutions for excess pore water pressure and average degree of consolidation. When non-Darcian flow is degenerated into Darcian flow, a comparison between numerical solutions and analytical solutions was made to verify reliability of finite difference solutions. Finally, taking into account the ramp time-dependent loading, consolidation behaviors with non-Darcian flow under various parameters were analyzed. Thus, a comprehensive analysis of 1D consolidation combined with non-Darcian flow caused by non-Newtonian liquid was conducted in this paper.
基金supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research(Grant FA8650-19-C-2207)。
文摘Sensitivity analysis in chaotic dynamical systems is a challenging task from a computational point of view.In this work,we present a numerical investigation of a novel approach,known as the space-split sensitivity or S3 algorithm.The S3 algorithm is an ergodic-averaging method to differentiate statistics in ergodic,chaotic systems,rigorously based on the theory of hyperbolic dynamics.We illustrate S3 on one-dimensional chaotic maps,revealing its computational advantage over na?ve finite difference computations of the same statistical response.In addition,we provide an intuitive explanation of the key components of the S3 algorithm,including the density gradient function.
