Booster vaccinations are highly recommended in combating the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and its subvariants.However,the optimal booster vaccination strategies and related immune mechanisms with different prior vaccina...Booster vaccinations are highly recommended in combating the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and its subvariants.However,the optimal booster vaccination strategies and related immune mechanisms with different prior vaccinations are under-revealed.In this study,we systematically evaluated the immune responses in mice and hamsters with different prime-boost regimens before their protective efficacies against Omicron were detected.We found that boosting with Ad5-nCoV,S_(WT)-2P or SOmicron-6P induced significantly higher levels of neutralization activities against Omicron variants than CoronaVac and ZF2001 by eliciting stronger germinal center(GC)responses.Specifically,S_(Omicron)-6P induced even stronger antibody responses against Omicron variants in CoronaVac and Ad5-nCoV-primed animals than non-Omicron-specific vaccines but with limited differences as compared to Ad5-nCoV and SWT-2P.In addition,boosting with a specific vaccine has the potential to remodel the existing immune profiles.These findings indicated that adenovirus-vectored vaccines and mRNA vaccines would be more effective than other types of vaccines as booster shots in combating Omicron infections.Moreover,the protective efficacies of the vaccines in booster vaccinations are highly related to GC reactions in secondary lymphatic organs.In summary,these findings provide timely important information on prime-boost regimens and future vaccine design.展开更多
基金the National Virus Resource Center for kindly providing SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1(CCPM-B-V-049-2112-18)and BA.5(NPRC2.062200006)supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFA0710700)+3 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB0490000,China)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52025036,51961145109)the Shanghai“Belt and Road”Joint Laboratory Project(22490750200,China)This work was partially carried out at the USTC Center for Micro and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication.
文摘Booster vaccinations are highly recommended in combating the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and its subvariants.However,the optimal booster vaccination strategies and related immune mechanisms with different prior vaccinations are under-revealed.In this study,we systematically evaluated the immune responses in mice and hamsters with different prime-boost regimens before their protective efficacies against Omicron were detected.We found that boosting with Ad5-nCoV,S_(WT)-2P or SOmicron-6P induced significantly higher levels of neutralization activities against Omicron variants than CoronaVac and ZF2001 by eliciting stronger germinal center(GC)responses.Specifically,S_(Omicron)-6P induced even stronger antibody responses against Omicron variants in CoronaVac and Ad5-nCoV-primed animals than non-Omicron-specific vaccines but with limited differences as compared to Ad5-nCoV and SWT-2P.In addition,boosting with a specific vaccine has the potential to remodel the existing immune profiles.These findings indicated that adenovirus-vectored vaccines and mRNA vaccines would be more effective than other types of vaccines as booster shots in combating Omicron infections.Moreover,the protective efficacies of the vaccines in booster vaccinations are highly related to GC reactions in secondary lymphatic organs.In summary,these findings provide timely important information on prime-boost regimens and future vaccine design.
