For the purpose of improving efficiency and realizing start–stop function, an electric oil pump(EOP) is integrated into an 8-speed automatic transmission(AT). A mathematical model is built to calculate the transmissi...For the purpose of improving efficiency and realizing start–stop function, an electric oil pump(EOP) is integrated into an 8-speed automatic transmission(AT). A mathematical model is built to calculate the transmission power loss and the hydraulic system leakage. Based on this model, a flow-based control strategy is developed for EOP to satisfy the system flow requirement. This control strategy is verified through the forward driving simulation. The results indicate that there is a best combination for the size of mechanical oil pump(MOP) and EOP in terms of minimum energy consumption. In order to get a quick and smooth starting process, control strategies of the EOP and the on-coming clutch are proposed. The test environment on a prototype vehicle is built to verify the feasibility of the integrated EOP and its control strategies. The results show that the selected EOP can satisfy the flow requirement and a quick and smooth starting performance is achieved in the start–stop function. This research has a high value for the forward design of EOP in automatic transmissions with respect to efficiency improvement and start–stop function.展开更多
Electric submersible pumps account for a considerable proportion in the development of the Bohai Oilfield. Improving the system efficiency of the electric submersible pump wells, ensuring that the units operate in the...Electric submersible pumps account for a considerable proportion in the development of the Bohai Oilfield. Improving the system efficiency of the electric submersible pump wells, ensuring that the units operate in the high-efficiency zone, is essential. Analysis shows that the efficiency of the electric submersible pump system depends on the wear and tear of each component of the submersible pump equipment, the setting of operational parameters, and more importantly, the production status and daily management level of the oil well. Therefore, improving the structural performance of the submersible pump product, optimizing the parameters setting of the oil well, strengthening daily management, establishing a scientific management system, and improving the production management process and system can effectively improve the production efficiency and economic benefits of the oil well, and further achieve the goal of energy saving and emission reduction. In addition, it is necessary to actively promote the concept and technology of energy saving and emission reduction, encourage oilfield enterprises to explore effective measures to reduce the energy consumption of the electric submersible pump system by strengthening the scientific management system, and achieve a green, low-carbon, and high-quality development of oilfield production to achieve the unity of economic benefits, social benefits, and environmental benefits. This article applies the above measures in the P oilfield to achieve energy optimization of submersible electric pump systems, reducing the daily power consumption of single well submersible electric pump systems by 371 kWh per day, increasing the submersible electric pump's lifespan by 200 days, generating considerable project benefits.展开更多
An aviation hydraulic axial piston pump＇s degradation fiom comprehensive wear is a typical gradual failure model. Accurate wear prediction is difficult as random and uncertain char- acteristics must be factored into ...An aviation hydraulic axial piston pump＇s degradation fiom comprehensive wear is a typical gradual failure model. Accurate wear prediction is difficult as random and uncertain char- acteristics must be factored into the estimation. The internal wear status of the axial piston pump is characterized by the return oil flow based on fault mechanism analysis of the main frictional pairs in the pump. The performance degradation model is described by the Wiener process to predict the remaining useful life （RUL） of the pump. Maximum likelihood estimation （MLE） is performed by utilizing the expectation maximization （EM） algorithm to estimate the initial parameters of the Wiener process while recursive estimation is conducted utilizing the Kalman filter method to estimate the drift coefficient of the Wiener process. The RUL of the pump is then calculated accord- ing to the performance degradation model based on the Wiener process. Experimental results indi- cate that the return oil flow is a suitable characteristic for reflecting the internal wear status of the axial piston pump, and thus the Wiener process-based method may effectively predicate the RUL of the pump.展开更多
Oil shale deposit is considered as one of the fossil fuel sources in Jordan. Despite that, the needs of renewable energy resources become a must in Jordan. Wadi Al-Shallala oil shale is investigated in this work for g...Oil shale deposit is considered as one of the fossil fuel sources in Jordan. Despite that, the needs of renewable energy resources become a must in Jordan. Wadi Al-Shallala oil shale is investigated in this work for geochemical, petrographic features and hydrocarbon potential as a conventional energy resource. Various petrographic and geochemical techniques were applied. Oil shale resource potential is evaluated for cooling and heating Sal village houses. Geothermal heat pumps, as renewable energy resource in the study area, were simulated for comparison purposes. Results show that Calcite is the main mineral component of oil shale. Magnesite, Ferrisilicate and Zaherite are exhibited in the studied samples. Other trace elements of Zinc, Cobalt and Molybdenum were presented, too. Calcium oxide of 41.01% and Silicon oxide of 12.4% are the main oxides reflected in this oil shale. Petrographic features of the analyzed oil shale found that the primary mineral constituent is micritic calcite, while the secondary minerals include carbonate mud and opaque minerals. Furthermore, it’s found that total organic carbon averages 3.33% while the total carbon content averages 20.6%. ModerateTOCvalues suggest that Wadi Al-Shallala oil shale has a good source rock potential. Even though nitrogen and sulfur are of low contents in Wadi Al-Shallala oil shale, direct combustion of the reserve for electricity generating will increase CO2 emissions by 2.71 Million m3. Two systems were simulated to cover Sal village cooling and heating demands. The conventional system is compared with geothermal heat pumps. Geothermal heat pumps are found to save 60% of electricity consumption in heating and 50% in cooling systems. The environmental benefits for geothermal system implementation will be a reduction in energy consumption as electricity. The savings in fuel oil will be about 9.35 Million barrels. While the reduction of CO2 emissions will drop to 1.5 Million m3. Results suggest that geothermal heat pumps are the best for satisfying cooling and heating needs in Sal village near Wadi Al-Shallala.展开更多
基金Project(51405010)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2011BAG09B00)supported by the National Science and Technology Support Program of China
文摘For the purpose of improving efficiency and realizing start–stop function, an electric oil pump(EOP) is integrated into an 8-speed automatic transmission(AT). A mathematical model is built to calculate the transmission power loss and the hydraulic system leakage. Based on this model, a flow-based control strategy is developed for EOP to satisfy the system flow requirement. This control strategy is verified through the forward driving simulation. The results indicate that there is a best combination for the size of mechanical oil pump(MOP) and EOP in terms of minimum energy consumption. In order to get a quick and smooth starting process, control strategies of the EOP and the on-coming clutch are proposed. The test environment on a prototype vehicle is built to verify the feasibility of the integrated EOP and its control strategies. The results show that the selected EOP can satisfy the flow requirement and a quick and smooth starting performance is achieved in the start–stop function. This research has a high value for the forward design of EOP in automatic transmissions with respect to efficiency improvement and start–stop function.
文摘Electric submersible pumps account for a considerable proportion in the development of the Bohai Oilfield. Improving the system efficiency of the electric submersible pump wells, ensuring that the units operate in the high-efficiency zone, is essential. Analysis shows that the efficiency of the electric submersible pump system depends on the wear and tear of each component of the submersible pump equipment, the setting of operational parameters, and more importantly, the production status and daily management level of the oil well. Therefore, improving the structural performance of the submersible pump product, optimizing the parameters setting of the oil well, strengthening daily management, establishing a scientific management system, and improving the production management process and system can effectively improve the production efficiency and economic benefits of the oil well, and further achieve the goal of energy saving and emission reduction. In addition, it is necessary to actively promote the concept and technology of energy saving and emission reduction, encourage oilfield enterprises to explore effective measures to reduce the energy consumption of the electric submersible pump system by strengthening the scientific management system, and achieve a green, low-carbon, and high-quality development of oilfield production to achieve the unity of economic benefits, social benefits, and environmental benefits. This article applies the above measures in the P oilfield to achieve energy optimization of submersible electric pump systems, reducing the daily power consumption of single well submersible electric pump systems by 371 kWh per day, increasing the submersible electric pump's lifespan by 200 days, generating considerable project benefits.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51305011)the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2014CB046402)the 111 Project of China
文摘An aviation hydraulic axial piston pump＇s degradation fiom comprehensive wear is a typical gradual failure model. Accurate wear prediction is difficult as random and uncertain char- acteristics must be factored into the estimation. The internal wear status of the axial piston pump is characterized by the return oil flow based on fault mechanism analysis of the main frictional pairs in the pump. The performance degradation model is described by the Wiener process to predict the remaining useful life （RUL） of the pump. Maximum likelihood estimation （MLE） is performed by utilizing the expectation maximization （EM） algorithm to estimate the initial parameters of the Wiener process while recursive estimation is conducted utilizing the Kalman filter method to estimate the drift coefficient of the Wiener process. The RUL of the pump is then calculated accord- ing to the performance degradation model based on the Wiener process. Experimental results indi- cate that the return oil flow is a suitable characteristic for reflecting the internal wear status of the axial piston pump, and thus the Wiener process-based method may effectively predicate the RUL of the pump.
文摘Oil shale deposit is considered as one of the fossil fuel sources in Jordan. Despite that, the needs of renewable energy resources become a must in Jordan. Wadi Al-Shallala oil shale is investigated in this work for geochemical, petrographic features and hydrocarbon potential as a conventional energy resource. Various petrographic and geochemical techniques were applied. Oil shale resource potential is evaluated for cooling and heating Sal village houses. Geothermal heat pumps, as renewable energy resource in the study area, were simulated for comparison purposes. Results show that Calcite is the main mineral component of oil shale. Magnesite, Ferrisilicate and Zaherite are exhibited in the studied samples. Other trace elements of Zinc, Cobalt and Molybdenum were presented, too. Calcium oxide of 41.01% and Silicon oxide of 12.4% are the main oxides reflected in this oil shale. Petrographic features of the analyzed oil shale found that the primary mineral constituent is micritic calcite, while the secondary minerals include carbonate mud and opaque minerals. Furthermore, it’s found that total organic carbon averages 3.33% while the total carbon content averages 20.6%. ModerateTOCvalues suggest that Wadi Al-Shallala oil shale has a good source rock potential. Even though nitrogen and sulfur are of low contents in Wadi Al-Shallala oil shale, direct combustion of the reserve for electricity generating will increase CO2 emissions by 2.71 Million m3. Two systems were simulated to cover Sal village cooling and heating demands. The conventional system is compared with geothermal heat pumps. Geothermal heat pumps are found to save 60% of electricity consumption in heating and 50% in cooling systems. The environmental benefits for geothermal system implementation will be a reduction in energy consumption as electricity. The savings in fuel oil will be about 9.35 Million barrels. While the reduction of CO2 emissions will drop to 1.5 Million m3. Results suggest that geothermal heat pumps are the best for satisfying cooling and heating needs in Sal village near Wadi Al-Shallala.
