Studies have shown that accidents caused by human error account for 70-80% of the total number of accidents,and are the primary cause of casualties.In order to reduce the risk of safety accidents and reduce the human-...Studies have shown that accidents caused by human error account for 70-80% of the total number of accidents,and are the primary cause of casualties.In order to reduce the risk of safety accidents and reduce the human-caused accident rate,the evaluation index of safety occupational adaptability of coal excavation workers has been studied.Questionnaire survey method was used to conduct 13 physical and psychological abilities tests on 50 coal tunneling workers,and select the core ability indicators that reflect the mental load of the workers and the individual priority allocation of psychological resources.Secondly,using the Delphi method and the quartile method,the opinions of 20 experts in related fields were sought anonymously,and the main physical and mental ability indicators were screened and filtered through scoring methods.Finally,six indicators of"accuracy,attention,rapid response ability,proficiency,judgment,and foresight" were determined as the main physical and psychological indicators of coal tunneling workers.This study fills up the gap of safety occupational adaptability in the field of mining construction,and has important theoretical value and practical significance.展开更多
Computational performance-driven design optimization(CPDDO)informs early building design decisions,enhancing projects’responsiveness to local climates.This paper reviews recent CPDDO studies,identifies prevalent gaps...Computational performance-driven design optimization(CPDDO)informs early building design decisions,enhancing projects’responsiveness to local climates.This paper reviews recent CPDDO studies,identifies prevalent gaps,and proposes a refined optimization framework.The framework stands out by:(1)integrating view quality alongside energy,daylight,and thermal comfort considerations,with a vector-simulation-based metric considering content,access and clarity;(2)incorporating users’adaptive behavior patterns in simulations;and(3)employing a hybrid weighting method to accommodate diverse project demands and support robust design decisions.This study applies the framework to optimize the shape and facade variables of a medium-sized office building in Guangzhou,Chongqing,Qingdao,Lanzhou,and Changchun,representing hot,warm,mixed,cool,and cold climates,respectively.Results highlight that geometry features(aspect ratio,orientation,window-to-wall ratio(WWR),and shading devices),as well as window and blinds constructions significantly impact energy,daylight,thermal comfort and view quality.Different climatic conditions,objective priorities,and facade orientations necessitate tailored design variables.Furthermore,certain findings challenge conventional recommendations;for instance,buildings in colder climates benefit from increased WWR,due to enhanced potential to harness solar radiation and improved view access,while high-performance envelope thermal settings mitigate heat transfer.These findings underscore the need for detailed,targeted research in early-stage design.The developed CPDDO framework proves effective and user-friendly,offering new possibilities for optimizing building performance,thus holds the potential to foster green,comfortable,and sustainable architecture in various practical applications.展开更多
文摘Studies have shown that accidents caused by human error account for 70-80% of the total number of accidents,and are the primary cause of casualties.In order to reduce the risk of safety accidents and reduce the human-caused accident rate,the evaluation index of safety occupational adaptability of coal excavation workers has been studied.Questionnaire survey method was used to conduct 13 physical and psychological abilities tests on 50 coal tunneling workers,and select the core ability indicators that reflect the mental load of the workers and the individual priority allocation of psychological resources.Secondly,using the Delphi method and the quartile method,the opinions of 20 experts in related fields were sought anonymously,and the main physical and mental ability indicators were screened and filtered through scoring methods.Finally,six indicators of"accuracy,attention,rapid response ability,proficiency,judgment,and foresight" were determined as the main physical and psychological indicators of coal tunneling workers.This study fills up the gap of safety occupational adaptability in the field of mining construction,and has important theoretical value and practical significance.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52108015).
文摘Computational performance-driven design optimization(CPDDO)informs early building design decisions,enhancing projects’responsiveness to local climates.This paper reviews recent CPDDO studies,identifies prevalent gaps,and proposes a refined optimization framework.The framework stands out by:(1)integrating view quality alongside energy,daylight,and thermal comfort considerations,with a vector-simulation-based metric considering content,access and clarity;(2)incorporating users’adaptive behavior patterns in simulations;and(3)employing a hybrid weighting method to accommodate diverse project demands and support robust design decisions.This study applies the framework to optimize the shape and facade variables of a medium-sized office building in Guangzhou,Chongqing,Qingdao,Lanzhou,and Changchun,representing hot,warm,mixed,cool,and cold climates,respectively.Results highlight that geometry features(aspect ratio,orientation,window-to-wall ratio(WWR),and shading devices),as well as window and blinds constructions significantly impact energy,daylight,thermal comfort and view quality.Different climatic conditions,objective priorities,and facade orientations necessitate tailored design variables.Furthermore,certain findings challenge conventional recommendations;for instance,buildings in colder climates benefit from increased WWR,due to enhanced potential to harness solar radiation and improved view access,while high-performance envelope thermal settings mitigate heat transfer.These findings underscore the need for detailed,targeted research in early-stage design.The developed CPDDO framework proves effective and user-friendly,offering new possibilities for optimizing building performance,thus holds the potential to foster green,comfortable,and sustainable architecture in various practical applications.
