Objective To explore the sequential effects of hypoxic exercising on miR-27/PPARγand lipid metabolism targetgene and protein expression levels in the obesity rats’liver.Methods 13-week-old male diet-induced obesity ...Objective To explore the sequential effects of hypoxic exercising on miR-27/PPARγand lipid metabolism targetgene and protein expression levels in the obesity rats’liver.Methods 13-week-old male diet-induced obesity rats were randomlydivided into three groups(n=10):normal oxygen concentration quiet group(N),hypoxia quiet group(H),hypoxic exercise group(HE).Exercise training on the horizontal animal treadmill for 1 h/d,5 d/week for a total of 4 week,and the intensity of horizontaltreadmill training was 20 m/min(hypoxic concentration was 13.6%).Comparison of the weights of perirenal fat and epididymal fat in rats across different groups and calculation of Lee’s index based on body weight and body length of rats in each group were done.And the serum concentrations of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high-densitylipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)levels were detected.RT-PCR and Western Blot were used to detect the levels of miR-27,PPARγ,CYP7A1 and CD36.Results Hypoxic exercise decreased the expression levels of miR-27 in the obese rats’liver,however,theexpression level of PPARγwas gradually increased.The expression levels of miR-27 in HE group were significantly lower than Ngroup(P<0.05).The expression levels of PPARγmRNA in N group were significantly lower than H group(P<0.05),especially lowerthan HE group(P<0.01).The protein expression of PPARγprotein in N group was significantly lower than that other groups(P<0.01).The expression of lipid metabolism-related genes and proteins increased in the obese rats’liver.The expression of CYP7A1mRNA in N group was significantly lower than H group(P<0.05),especially lower than HE group(P<0.01).The expression ofCYP7A1 protein in the obese rats’liver in N group was extremely lower than H group and HE group(P<0.01).The proteinexpression of CD36 in N group was significantly lower than that in HE group(P<0.05).Hypoxia exercise improved the relatedphysiological and biochemical indexes of lipid metabolism disorder.The perirenal fat weight of obese rats in HE group wasextremely lower than N group and H group(P<0.01),and the perirenal fat weight in N group was significantly higher than H group(P<0.05).The epididymal fat weight in N group was significantly higher than H group(P<0.05),and extremely higher than HEgroup(P<0.01).The Lee’s index in HE group was extremely lower than N group and H group(P<0.01).The serum concentration ofTC in obese rats in HE group was extremely lower than N group and H group(P<0.01).The serum concentration of TG in HE groupwas extremely lower than N group and H group(P<0.01).The serum concentration of LDL-C in N group was extremely higher thanHE group(P<0.01).The serum concentration of HDL-C in N group was extremely lower than H group(P<0.01).Conclusion Hypoxiaand hypoxia exercise may negatively regulate the levels of PPARγby inhibiting miR-27 in the obese rats’liver,thereby affecting theexpression of downstream target genes CYP7A1 and CD36,and promoting cholesterol,fatty acid oxidation and HDL-C transport inthe liver,and ultimately the lipid levels in obese rats were improved.The effect of hypoxia exercise on improving blood lipid isbetter than simple hypoxia intervention.展开更多
In recent years,the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)caused by obesity in China has been increasing continuously,which has become a risk factor for the onset of T2DM and seriously affects the quality of life...In recent years,the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)caused by obesity in China has been increasing continuously,which has become a risk factor for the onset of T2DM and seriously affects the quality of life of patients.The conventional treatment methods include weight loss and regulating the body’s metabolism.Semaglutide,as a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist(GLP-1RA),mainly reduces patients’appetite,decreases their craving for high-fat and high-sugar foods,regulates hypothalamic feeding behavior,inhibits gastric emptying and gastrointestinal motility,and ultimately leads to weight loss.Metformin mainly acts on extra-islet tissues,increasing glucose utilization,reducing glucose production,and ultimately lowering blood glucose levels.Based on this,this article reviews relevant literature on authoritative websites such as CNKI and Wanfang,organizes the data,and analyzes the research progress of semaglutide combined with metformin in the treatment of obese T2DM.The aim is to bring more treatment options for obese T2DM and promote better prognosis for patients.展开更多
Iron overload has been evidenced to contribute to obesity-associated metabolic disorders,including insulin resistance.Strategies to reduce iron levels might help manage the metabolic complications associated with obes...Iron overload has been evidenced to contribute to obesity-associated metabolic disorders,including insulin resistance.Strategies to reduce iron levels might help manage the metabolic complications associated with obesity.Here,it is demonstrated that the specific accumulation of oleic acid-modified polyoxovanadates(OPOVs)in adipose tissue leads to the reduction of iron concentrations in adipocytes in mice fed with a high-fat diet(HFD).Conjugation of oleic acids to polyoxovanadates enables tissue-specific depletion of iron from white adipose tissue(WAT)by OPOVs,protecting mice from HFD-induced obesity and obesity-associated metabolic deteriorations.Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity are improved in OPOV-treated mice,which demonstrates that the OPOV-induced iron depletion can reverse the metabolic degeneration caused by HFD-induced obesity.Furthermore,a decrease in expression of the marker genes of iron overload suggests the participation of OPOVs in maintaining iron homeostasis and a potential medical application of vanadium clusters in targeting the iron overload caused by obesity.These findings underscore the potential of vanadate-based clusters tailored to address the complex interplay between iron metabolism and metabolic health.展开更多
Arabinoxylan(AX)has been found to improve an imbalanced gut microbiota.Lactobacillus gasseri is a beneficial endogenous bacterium that has been shown to have several health benefits in the human gut,particularly its l...Arabinoxylan(AX)has been found to improve an imbalanced gut microbiota.Lactobacillus gasseri is a beneficial endogenous bacterium that has been shown to have several health benefits in the human gut,particularly its lipid-lowering activity.However,it is not known whether AX can promote the action of L.gasseri.The results of in vitro experiments showed that AX promoted biofilm formation in L.gasseri,its acid and bile salt resistance could be enhanced,and enabled better colonization of L.gasseri in the intestinal tract of mice.In vivo experiments showed that the AX+L.gasseri group could effectively ameliorate weight gain and fat accumulation in high-fat diet-induced obese mice,and the L.gasseri group or AX+L.gasseri alleviated liver injury in mice.16S rRNA sequencing showed that L.gasseri can colonize the mice intestine and AX+L.gasseri can ameliorate gut microbiota dysbiosis in obese mice by increasing Lactobacillus spp.and Coriobacteriaceae_UCG-002,and decreasing Peptococcaceae.In addition,metabolomics results indicated that the L.gasseri group and the AX+L.gasseri group could alleviate metabolic disorders by decreasing the levels of L-phenylalanine,L-tyrosine,kynurenine acid,and arachidonic acid in obese mice.The effect of AX+L.gasseri group was better than that of the L.gasseri group,suggesting that AX promotes the lipid-lowering activity of L.gasseri,and the mechanism may be due to the activation of retrograde endocannabinoid signaling.AX can be used as a functional food ingredient to potentially alleviate obesity and metabolic syndrome.展开更多
Apples are popular fruits worldwide and rich in phenolic compounds that can alleviate obesity and related metabolic diseases.However,the mechanisms underlying the anti-obesity actions of apple polyphenols(AP)like phlo...Apples are popular fruits worldwide and rich in phenolic compounds that can alleviate obesity and related metabolic diseases.However,the mechanisms underlying the anti-obesity actions of apple polyphenols(AP)like phlorizin(PZ)and procyanidin B2(PB2)on transplanted obese patient fecal microbiota(TOPFM)-induced obesity and related syndromes have not yet been fully examined in vivo.Herein,a commercial AP product,PZ compound or PB2 compound was used to ameliorate TOPFM-induced obesity in mice.The results indicated that the AP,PZ or PB2 supplementation markedly alleviate TOPFM-induced obesity in mice through effectively suppressing body weight gain and fat accumulation,alleviating insulin resistance and liver inflammation,regulating gut microecology and lipid synthesis/metabolism,and improving gut barrier function and antioxidant capacity.The gut barrier function and integrity were improved through regulating the expression of intestinal pro-inflammatory cytokines,tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),interleukin-1beta(IL-1β)and interleukin-6(IL-6),and gut barrier function-related genes,zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)and Occludin,and raising the glucagon-like peptide 2(GLP-2)level via increasing the contents of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs).Interestingly,the AP,PZ or PB2 supplementation could significantly improve the production of SCFAs and restore the microbial community structure and diversity in mice with TOPFM-induced obesity,in particular,increased the abundance of Lachnospiraceae and Bifidobacteriaceae possibly by inhibiting Blautia and Bifidobacterium phages.The influences of AP,PZ or PB2 on gut microorganisms and phases of the mice upon TOPFM were species-specific.This study was the first report on the ability of an AP,PZ or PB2 supplementation to promote the production of SCFAs by modulating gut microbiota possibly via regulating gut phages.展开更多
Emergency cesarean section has always been a challenge for patients,surgeons,and anesthesiologists,as it endangers the safety of both parturients and fetuses.Obesity and hypertension are common among pregnant women,bu...Emergency cesarean section has always been a challenge for patients,surgeons,and anesthesiologists,as it endangers the safety of both parturients and fetuses.Obesity and hypertension are common among pregnant women,but severe obesity combined with refractory hypertension is very rare in clinical practice.The optimal anesthetic management strategy for obese pregnant women with a difficult airway and poorly controlled hypertension remains debatable.This report presents a 32-year-old woman with severe obesity and refractory hypertension at 36 weeks and 6 days of pregnancy.Owing to fetal heart rate abnormalities,she was scheduled for emergency cesarean section.Given the urgency of the fetal condition and the challenges posed by the patient's obesity for epidural puncture,the anesthesiologist opted for rapid sequence induction and tracheal intubation instead of intervertebral anesthesia.Short-acting antihypertensive medications were adminstrated preoperatively to control elevated blood pressure,and vasopressor agents were continuously infused during surgery to prevent severe hypotension induced by anesthetic drugs.The entire anesthesia and surgical procedure proceeded uneventfully,with no major adverse events observed.Both the patient and fetus achieved favorable outcomes.This case indicates that early anesthetic risk assessment and meticulous pre-delivery planning are paramount,necessitating personalized management of airway and hemodynamics to optimize outcomes in obese parturients.展开更多
Objective:To isolate and identify active constituents from Gracilaria chorda extract prepared under subcritical water conditions at 210℃(GCSW210)and evaluate their anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects in 3T3-L1 adi...Objective:To isolate and identify active constituents from Gracilaria chorda extract prepared under subcritical water conditions at 210℃(GCSW210)and evaluate their anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high-fat diet(HFD)-induced obese zebrafish larvae.Methods:GCSW210 was fractionated through solvent partitioning,ion-exchange chromatography,and silica gel medium-pressure liquid chromatography,followed by preparative high performance liquid chromatography.At each step,bioactivities were assessed in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by Oil Red O staining and 2-NBDG uptake assays.The most active fractions were further purified,and isolated compounds were tested in HFD-induced obese zebrafish larvae.Results:Liquid chromatography-hyphenated analysis with reference standards identified two major compounds in GCSW210:5-hydroxymethylfurfural and bis(5-formylfurfuryl)ether.Both compounds significantly inhibited lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and modulated gene expression associated with adipogenesis,glucose metabolism,and inflammation in zebrafish.They also enhanced glucose uptake,reduced circulating glucose levels,and improved insulin sensitivity.Notably,the effects were comparable to those of the crude GCSW210 extract.In silico docking studies confirmed stable interactions of both compounds with key metabolic and inflammatory targets,with bis(5-formylfurfuryl)ether showing stronger binding affinities.Conclusions:These findings suggest that 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and bis(5-formylfurfuryl)ether are key contributors to the therapeutic activity of Gracilaria chorda,highlighting its potential as a functional food ingredient for the prevention or management of metabolic disorders.展开更多
Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy(LSG),as an effective treatment for morbid obesity and its metabolic complications,exerts its therapeutic effects by significantly reducing body weight and improving metabolic disorders....Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy(LSG),as an effective treatment for morbid obesity and its metabolic complications,exerts its therapeutic effects by significantly reducing body weight and improving metabolic disorders.Its core mechanisms involve multi-level regulation of free fatty acid(FFA)metabolism and chronic low-grade inflammatory states(represented by tumor necrosis factor-alpha,TNF-α).This paper systematically reviews the direct impact of LSG on FFA dynamics including lipolysis,tissue uptake,and oxidation,as well as the molecular pathways through which it indirectly regulates TNF-αby reducing adipose tissue inflammation,improving intestinal barrier function,and modulating epigenetic modifications such as SCD gene methylation.Postoperatively,FFA and TNF-αform a bidirectional promoting feedback loop.LSG effectively breaks this vicious cycle of mutual promotion between the two under obese conditions by reducing FFA levels and inhibiting TNF-αexpression.Lower FFA levels alleviate inflammatory signal activation,while reduced TNF-αinhibits lipolysis,collectively promoting the restoration of insulin sensitivity.A thorough understanding of these mechanisms provides a theoretical basis for optimizing surgical strategies and developing targeted therapies.展开更多
Background:Obesity remains a major global health challenge,closely linked to individuals'health beliefs and lifestyle behaviors.Descriptive and relational research methods were used to ascertain the correlation be...Background:Obesity remains a major global health challenge,closely linked to individuals'health beliefs and lifestyle behaviors.Descriptive and relational research methods were used to ascertain the correlation between health beliefs and healthy lifestyle behaviors in obese individuals based on the Health Belief Model.Methods:The population of the research are obese individuals who are treated in the internal medicine clinic in a state hospital in Diyarbakır and applied to a dietitian.Based on power analysis,the study’s sample consisted of 192 obese people.The health belief model scale in obese individuals(HBMSO),the Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale-II(HLBS-II),and the Personal Information Form were used to gather the data.The data was evaluated using the following methods:mean,standard deviation,linear regression analysis,Mann-Whitney U test,Kruskal-Wallis test,Shapiro Wilk and Kolmogorov Smirnov tests,post-hoc Dunn-Benferronni tests,Pearson and Spearman correlation,and others.Results:It was determined that 26.0%of obese individuals were in the 46–55 age range,63.5%were female,64.6%were married,60.4%had a BMI in the range of 30–34.9 kg/m^(2),and 42.7%partially exercised.All sub-dimensions and HBMSO sub-dimensions had statistically significant correlation with the HLBS-II total score.The linear regression analysis results used to identify the predictors of the HLBS-II total score showed that the increase in the level of education and the HBMSO“Importance of Health”sub-dimension score increased the HLBS-II total score,while not exercising and an increase in the HBMSO“Obstacle Perception”sub-dimension score decreased the HLBS-II total score.Conclusion:Individuals’health attitudes have a major impact on leading a healthy lifestyle,which is consistent with the research results.展开更多
BACKGROUND Obese patients(body mass index≥30 kg/m^(2))undergoing isolated aortic valve replacement(AVR)face increased surgical risks due to comorbidities.Partial upper sternotomy(PUS),a minimally invasive approach,ma...BACKGROUND Obese patients(body mass index≥30 kg/m^(2))undergoing isolated aortic valve replacement(AVR)face increased surgical risks due to comorbidities.Partial upper sternotomy(PUS),a minimally invasive approach,may reduce complications compared to full median sternotomy(FMS).We hypothesize that PUS improves outcomes over FMS in obese patients undergoing AVR.AIM To compare the efficacy and safety of PUS vs FMS in obese patients undergoing isolated AVR.METHODS This systematic review and meta-analysis followed PRISMA guidelines,searching PubMed,EMBASE,and Cochrane databases for observational studies comparing PUS vs FMS in obese patients undergoing AVR.Outcomes were analyzed using odds ratios(OR),mean differences(MD),95%confidence intervals(CI),I^(2)statistic,and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for quality assessment.RESULTS Four observational studies involving 677 patients were analyzed.PUS reduced intensive care unit stay(MD-2.67 days,95%CI:-4.43 to-0.90,P=0.003,I^(2)=78%)but increased cardiopulmonary bypass time(MD 5.62 minutes,95%CI:-0.36 to 11.59,I^(2)=55%).No differences were observed in renal failure(OR 1.13,95%CI:0.63-2.94,I^(2)=0%),atrial fibrillation(OR 0.81,95%CI:0.43-1.54,I^(2)=30%),reexploration(OR 1.09,95%CI:0.48-2.47,I^(2)=0%),postoperative bleeding(OR 1.48,95%CI:0.53-4.15,I^(2)=60%),wound infection(OR 1.23,95%CI:0.70-2.14,I^(2)=0%),hospital stay(MD 0.51 days,95%CI:-4.13 to 5.15,I^(2)=90%),or cross-clamp time(MD 4.03 minutes,95%CI:-0.75 to 8.80,I^(2)=50%).CONCLUSION PUS is safe and effective for obese patients undergoing AVR,reducing intensive care unit stay and enhancing recovery,provided surgical expertise is available.展开更多
Nowadays,roughly 603.7 million people are bothered by obesity[1].More seriously,obesity brings inflammation to the peripheral and central nervous system,which compromises the comorbidity of obesity,major depression[2]...Nowadays,roughly 603.7 million people are bothered by obesity[1].More seriously,obesity brings inflammation to the peripheral and central nervous system,which compromises the comorbidity of obesity,major depression[2],and cognitive deficits[3].Drug competent in the comorbidity is still lacking.In 2015,Liu et al.[4]reported celastrol(CEL)as a powerful anti-obesity agent.In our previous study.展开更多
Dear Editor,We have read with interest the article by Li et al[1].In the response to this article[1]which is a well thought out and written paper,I would like to draw attention to some critical points in this study an...Dear Editor,We have read with interest the article by Li et al[1].In the response to this article[1]which is a well thought out and written paper,I would like to draw attention to some critical points in this study and add some comments to the results and the conclusion of the study which authors have detected.In the Li et al’s[1]study,it is detected that,choroidal thickness is significantly negatively correlated with body mass index(BMI)and choroidal thickness is decreased in people with overweight or obesity.展开更多
Background:Elderly patients with cancer who are overweight or obese tend to show signs of inflammation or malnutrition.The albumin-to-globulin ratio(AGR)is a clinical indicator of the nutritional status and presence o...Background:Elderly patients with cancer who are overweight or obese tend to show signs of inflammation or malnutrition.The albumin-to-globulin ratio(AGR)is a clinical indicator of the nutritional status and presence of systemic inflammation in cancer patients.However,its predictive value in this specific population has not yet been elucidated.Methods:This study,comprising 917 overweight or obese elderly cancer patients,was conducted as a multicenter clinical trial.The relationship between the AGR and survival outcome was assessed using Kaplan-Meier survival curve analyses and the Cox regression model for HRs.Additionally,the prognostic value of the pretreatment AGR was validated by performing a propensity score matching analysis.Results:The optimal cutoff value for a low AGR was 1.25.A notable decrease in the risk of all-cause mortality was observed with each increase in the AGR value.Specifically,for every standard deviation increase,the HR was 0.83(95%CI:0.74–0.93,P=0.001).After adjustment,it was determined that a decreased AGR was independently linked to a worse prognosis among elderly cancer patients who were overweight or obese(HR:1.79,95%CI:1.40–2.27,P<0.001).In addition,a reduced AGR is correlated with poorer outcomes in the context of certain malignancies,particularly lung,upper gastrointestinal,and colorectal malignancies.Notably,the effect of the AGR on the overall survival was influenced by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status.The validity of our primary findings was confirmed through a propensity score matching analysis,which accounted for potential confounding factors.Conclusions:A reduced AGR is linked to a poor prognosis,particularly when concurrent with a poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status in overweight or obese elderly cancer patients.展开更多
Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between active transportation, screen time and sleep quality among metabolically health versus unhealthy Congolese schoolboys and girls obese. Method: A cross-sec...Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between active transportation, screen time and sleep quality among metabolically health versus unhealthy Congolese schoolboys and girls obese. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 58 obese aged 15.36 ± 1.22 years in Brazzaville (Republic of Congo). They were divided into metabolically healthy obese (MHO, n = 29) and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUHO, n = 29). Data collection consisted of anthropometric measurements, lipids profile parameters, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the screen time measurements. The relationship was analyzed by using the logistic regression for healthy and unhealthy schoolboys and obese girls. Results: Compared to MUH obese subjects, MUHO obese subjects were significantly less engaged in active transportation (p = 0.03), TV and smartphone times significantly increased (p = 0.000 and p = 0.003), sleep quality significantly poor (p = 0.001). They were 1.85 (95% CI: 0.85 - 3.88) lower odds to engage in active transportation, had 1.82 (95% CI: 1.11 - 3.10) and 2.04 (95% CI: 1.11 - 3.10) higher odds of TV time respectively, had 1.87 (95% CI: 1.24 - 2.84) and 2.04 (95% CI: 1.47 - 2.85) higher odds of smartphone time respectively and have 2.35 (95% CI: 1.62 - 3.41) higher odds of poor sleep. Conclusion: MUHO subjects underwent high screen time and poor sleep quality. Higher TV-viewing/smartphone time and poorer sleeping quality were found to be associated with less time spent in active transportation. This bad habit on screen and sleep negatively affects the cardiometabolic parameters.展开更多
Activity 1.Think about the following questions and write down your answers before reading the text.1.What do you think are the possible reasons why it is difficult for some animals to lose weight in zoos?2.In your opi...Activity 1.Think about the following questions and write down your answers before reading the text.1.What do you think are the possible reasons why it is difficult for some animals to lose weight in zoos?2.In your opinion,what are the potential consequences if animals in zoos are overweight?展开更多
Acute pancreatitis is a common systemic inflammatory disease, manifested by a spectrum of severity, ranging from mild in the majority of patients to severe acute pancreatitis. Patients with severe acute pancreatitis s...Acute pancreatitis is a common systemic inflammatory disease, manifested by a spectrum of severity, ranging from mild in the majority of patients to severe acute pancreatitis. Patients with severe acute pancreatitis suffer from severe local and systemic complications and organ failure, leading to a poor prognosis. The early recognition of the severe condition is important to improve prognosis. Obesity has risen in tandem with an increase in the severity of acute pancreatitis in recent years. Studies have revealed that adipose tissue, particularly visceral adipose tissue is associated with the prognosis of acute pancreatitis. This review discussed the role of visceral adipose tissue in obese patients with acute pancreatitis and explored the possible mechanism involved.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the extent of vascular endothelial dysfunction and preliminary identify serum protein biomarkers associated with obese individuals at risk for cardiovascular disease(CVD).METHODS:Fifteen obese vo...OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the extent of vascular endothelial dysfunction and preliminary identify serum protein biomarkers associated with obese individuals at risk for cardiovascular disease(CVD).METHODS:Fifteen obese volunteers with the phlegmdampness constitution or balanced constitution were recruited for this study respectively.The clinical baseline data was collected,and the vascular endothelial function was evaluated using the EndoPAT?.Blood samples were collected for the serum proteome analysis.The differences in the serum protein expression levels between the two groups were detected and the protein interaction network analysis,correlation analysis,receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis,and random forest model investigation were conducted.RESULTS:There were no statistical differences found in the baseline data.For vascular endothelial function,the reactive hyperemia index(RHI)of the phlegm-dampness constitution obese group was significantly lower than that of the balanced constitution obese group(1.46±0.30 vs 2.82±0.78,P<0.0001),indicating vascular endothelial dysfunction.There are 66 differentially expressed serum proteins between the two groups.apolipoprotein A2(Apo A2),angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE-2),interleukin-33(IL-33),and forkhead box P3(FoxP3)showed significant differences and area under curve values of their ROC curves were greater than 0.7 and correlated significantly with RHI.CONCLUSION:Vascular endothelial dysfunction was present in the phlegm-dampness constitution obese group.Thus,alterations in the expression levels of key serum proteins,including Apo A2,ACE-2,IL-33,and Fox P3 could serve as potential biomarkers in the obese population at risk of CVD.展开更多
BACKGROUND Overweight/obesity combined with depression among children and adolescents(ODCA)is a global concern.The bidirectional relationship between depression and overweight/obesity often leads to their comorbidity....BACKGROUND Overweight/obesity combined with depression among children and adolescents(ODCA)is a global concern.The bidirectional relationship between depression and overweight/obesity often leads to their comorbidity.Childhood and adolescence represent critical periods for physical and psychological development,during which the comorbidity of overweight/obesity and depression may increase the risk of adverse health outcomes.AIM To evaluate the relationship between ODCA,we conduct a bibliometric analysis to aid in formulating prevention and treatment strategies.METHODS From 2004 to 2023,articles related to ODCA were selected using the Science Citation Index Expanded from the Web of Science Core Collection.Bibliometric analysis of relevant publications,including countries/regions,institutions,authors,journals,references,and keywords,was conducted using the online bibliometric analysis platforms,CiteSpace,VOSviewer,and bibliometrix.RESULTS Between 2004 and 2023,a total of 1573 articles were published on ODCA.The United States has made leading contributions in this field,with Harvard University emerging as the leading contributor in terms of research output,and Tanofsky being the most prolific author.The J Adolescent Health has shown significant activity in this domain.Based on the results of the keyword and reference analyses,inequality,adverse childhood experiences,and comorbidities have become hot topics in ODCA.Moreover,the impact of balancedrelated behavior and exploration of the biological mechanisms,including the potential role of key adipocytokines and lipokines,as well as inflammation in ODCA,have emerged as frontier topics.CONCLUSION The trend of a significant increase in ODCA publications is expected to continue.The research findings will contribute to elucidating the pathogenic mechanisms of ODCA and its prevention and treatment.展开更多
BACKGROUND Surgery for obese patients carries a higher risk of anesthesia complications compared with surgery for nonobese patients.Thus,a safe and effective anesthesia strategy is necessary to improve the medical exp...BACKGROUND Surgery for obese patients carries a higher risk of anesthesia complications compared with surgery for nonobese patients.Thus,a safe and effective anesthesia strategy is necessary to improve the medical experience of such patients and ensure their safety.AIM To compared the effectiveness and safety of remimazolam besylate versus dexmedetomidine(DEX)in gastrointestinal surgery in obese patients.METHODS The study cohort included 60 obese patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery between July 2021 and April 2023,comprising 30 patients who received DEX intervention(control group)and 30 patients who received remimazolam besylate intervention(research group).Heart rate(HR),respiratory rate(RR),mean arterial pressure(MAP),blood oxygen saturation(SpO_(2)),safety(nausea and vomiting,bradycardia,hypotension,and apnea),anesthesia and examination indices[induction time,anesthesia recovery time,and postanesthesia care unit(PACU)discharge time],sedation effect(Ramsay Sedation Scale),and postoperative pain visual analog scale were comparatively analyzed before anesthesia(T0),during anesthesia(T1),and after anesthesia(T2).RESULTS At T1,the research group showed significantly smaller changes in HR,RR,MAP,and SpO_(2) than the control group,with a significantly lower adverse reaction rate and shorter induction,anesthesia recovery,and PACU discharge times.Additionally,the intra-and postoperative Ramsay Sedation Scale scores were statistically higher in the research group than in the control group.CONCLUSION Remimazolam besylate was significantly more effective than DEX in gastrointestinal surgery in obese patients and had a higher safety profile and value in clinical promotion.展开更多
Obesity,caused by excessive energy,leads to body weight gain and various diseases,including cognitive impairment.Current studies suggest that diet restriction such as optimal fasting and regular exercise are crucial f...Obesity,caused by excessive energy,leads to body weight gain and various diseases,including cognitive impairment.Current studies suggest that diet restriction such as optimal fasting and regular exercise are crucial for improving cognitive capacity.However,further exploration is needed to understand the specific mechanisms of high fat diet(HFD)-induced cognitive decline in obesity.In the present study,4-month-old mice were subjected to HFD feeding for 18 weeks,followed by aerobic exercise and high-intensity intermittent exercise,regular diet feeding,and intermittent fasting for 8 weeks,and then used to evaluate cognitive capacity,inflammation,compromised insulin signaling pathway,and apoptosis in hippocampal tissue,as well as AMPK/SIRT1 and TLR4 signal pathways.Obese mice revealed impaired cognitive capacity as compared with mice fed with regular diets.In contrast,aerobic exercise,high-intensity intermittent exercise,regular diet,and intermittent fasting could inhibit apoptosis caused by inflammation-mediated compromised insulin signaling pathway in hippocampal tissues through activating the AMPK/SIRT1 signal pathway and suppressing the TLR4 signal pathway,thereby rescuing the cognitive impairment of obese mice.Therefore,diet restriction and exercise interventions may play a positive role in reverting obesity-induced cognitive impairment.展开更多
文摘Objective To explore the sequential effects of hypoxic exercising on miR-27/PPARγand lipid metabolism targetgene and protein expression levels in the obesity rats’liver.Methods 13-week-old male diet-induced obesity rats were randomlydivided into three groups(n=10):normal oxygen concentration quiet group(N),hypoxia quiet group(H),hypoxic exercise group(HE).Exercise training on the horizontal animal treadmill for 1 h/d,5 d/week for a total of 4 week,and the intensity of horizontaltreadmill training was 20 m/min(hypoxic concentration was 13.6%).Comparison of the weights of perirenal fat and epididymal fat in rats across different groups and calculation of Lee’s index based on body weight and body length of rats in each group were done.And the serum concentrations of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high-densitylipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)levels were detected.RT-PCR and Western Blot were used to detect the levels of miR-27,PPARγ,CYP7A1 and CD36.Results Hypoxic exercise decreased the expression levels of miR-27 in the obese rats’liver,however,theexpression level of PPARγwas gradually increased.The expression levels of miR-27 in HE group were significantly lower than Ngroup(P<0.05).The expression levels of PPARγmRNA in N group were significantly lower than H group(P<0.05),especially lowerthan HE group(P<0.01).The protein expression of PPARγprotein in N group was significantly lower than that other groups(P<0.01).The expression of lipid metabolism-related genes and proteins increased in the obese rats’liver.The expression of CYP7A1mRNA in N group was significantly lower than H group(P<0.05),especially lower than HE group(P<0.01).The expression ofCYP7A1 protein in the obese rats’liver in N group was extremely lower than H group and HE group(P<0.01).The proteinexpression of CD36 in N group was significantly lower than that in HE group(P<0.05).Hypoxia exercise improved the relatedphysiological and biochemical indexes of lipid metabolism disorder.The perirenal fat weight of obese rats in HE group wasextremely lower than N group and H group(P<0.01),and the perirenal fat weight in N group was significantly higher than H group(P<0.05).The epididymal fat weight in N group was significantly higher than H group(P<0.05),and extremely higher than HEgroup(P<0.01).The Lee’s index in HE group was extremely lower than N group and H group(P<0.01).The serum concentration ofTC in obese rats in HE group was extremely lower than N group and H group(P<0.01).The serum concentration of TG in HE groupwas extremely lower than N group and H group(P<0.01).The serum concentration of LDL-C in N group was extremely higher thanHE group(P<0.01).The serum concentration of HDL-C in N group was extremely lower than H group(P<0.01).Conclusion Hypoxiaand hypoxia exercise may negatively regulate the levels of PPARγby inhibiting miR-27 in the obese rats’liver,thereby affecting theexpression of downstream target genes CYP7A1 and CD36,and promoting cholesterol,fatty acid oxidation and HDL-C transport inthe liver,and ultimately the lipid levels in obese rats were improved.The effect of hypoxia exercise on improving blood lipid isbetter than simple hypoxia intervention.
文摘In recent years,the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)caused by obesity in China has been increasing continuously,which has become a risk factor for the onset of T2DM and seriously affects the quality of life of patients.The conventional treatment methods include weight loss and regulating the body’s metabolism.Semaglutide,as a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist(GLP-1RA),mainly reduces patients’appetite,decreases their craving for high-fat and high-sugar foods,regulates hypothalamic feeding behavior,inhibits gastric emptying and gastrointestinal motility,and ultimately leads to weight loss.Metformin mainly acts on extra-islet tissues,increasing glucose utilization,reducing glucose production,and ultimately lowering blood glucose levels.Based on this,this article reviews relevant literature on authoritative websites such as CNKI and Wanfang,organizes the data,and analyzes the research progress of semaglutide combined with metformin in the treatment of obese T2DM.The aim is to bring more treatment options for obese T2DM and promote better prognosis for patients.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22101086)Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Project(No.202201010052)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2023A1515140030).
文摘Iron overload has been evidenced to contribute to obesity-associated metabolic disorders,including insulin resistance.Strategies to reduce iron levels might help manage the metabolic complications associated with obesity.Here,it is demonstrated that the specific accumulation of oleic acid-modified polyoxovanadates(OPOVs)in adipose tissue leads to the reduction of iron concentrations in adipocytes in mice fed with a high-fat diet(HFD).Conjugation of oleic acids to polyoxovanadates enables tissue-specific depletion of iron from white adipose tissue(WAT)by OPOVs,protecting mice from HFD-induced obesity and obesity-associated metabolic deteriorations.Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity are improved in OPOV-treated mice,which demonstrates that the OPOV-induced iron depletion can reverse the metabolic degeneration caused by HFD-induced obesity.Furthermore,a decrease in expression of the marker genes of iron overload suggests the participation of OPOVs in maintaining iron homeostasis and a potential medical application of vanadium clusters in targeting the iron overload caused by obesity.These findings underscore the potential of vanadate-based clusters tailored to address the complex interplay between iron metabolism and metabolic health.
基金The following funding sources are gratefully acknowledged:National Key Research and Development Program Project of China(2022YFF1100102)the Cross-Innovation Open Project of Food Flavor and Health,Beijing Technology&Business University(FFHCI-2025071).
文摘Arabinoxylan(AX)has been found to improve an imbalanced gut microbiota.Lactobacillus gasseri is a beneficial endogenous bacterium that has been shown to have several health benefits in the human gut,particularly its lipid-lowering activity.However,it is not known whether AX can promote the action of L.gasseri.The results of in vitro experiments showed that AX promoted biofilm formation in L.gasseri,its acid and bile salt resistance could be enhanced,and enabled better colonization of L.gasseri in the intestinal tract of mice.In vivo experiments showed that the AX+L.gasseri group could effectively ameliorate weight gain and fat accumulation in high-fat diet-induced obese mice,and the L.gasseri group or AX+L.gasseri alleviated liver injury in mice.16S rRNA sequencing showed that L.gasseri can colonize the mice intestine and AX+L.gasseri can ameliorate gut microbiota dysbiosis in obese mice by increasing Lactobacillus spp.and Coriobacteriaceae_UCG-002,and decreasing Peptococcaceae.In addition,metabolomics results indicated that the L.gasseri group and the AX+L.gasseri group could alleviate metabolic disorders by decreasing the levels of L-phenylalanine,L-tyrosine,kynurenine acid,and arachidonic acid in obese mice.The effect of AX+L.gasseri group was better than that of the L.gasseri group,suggesting that AX promotes the lipid-lowering activity of L.gasseri,and the mechanism may be due to the activation of retrograde endocannabinoid signaling.AX can be used as a functional food ingredient to potentially alleviate obesity and metabolic syndrome.
基金funded by Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2024QC147)Key Research&Development Project of Shandong Province(2021TZXD007,2019GNCI06048)+2 种基金Major Agricultural Application Technology Innovation Projects in Shandong Province(SD2019ZZ023)Youth Innovation Science and Technology Program of Shandong College and Universities Plan(2020KJE007)Shandong Double Tops Program(SYT2017XTTD04).
文摘Apples are popular fruits worldwide and rich in phenolic compounds that can alleviate obesity and related metabolic diseases.However,the mechanisms underlying the anti-obesity actions of apple polyphenols(AP)like phlorizin(PZ)and procyanidin B2(PB2)on transplanted obese patient fecal microbiota(TOPFM)-induced obesity and related syndromes have not yet been fully examined in vivo.Herein,a commercial AP product,PZ compound or PB2 compound was used to ameliorate TOPFM-induced obesity in mice.The results indicated that the AP,PZ or PB2 supplementation markedly alleviate TOPFM-induced obesity in mice through effectively suppressing body weight gain and fat accumulation,alleviating insulin resistance and liver inflammation,regulating gut microecology and lipid synthesis/metabolism,and improving gut barrier function and antioxidant capacity.The gut barrier function and integrity were improved through regulating the expression of intestinal pro-inflammatory cytokines,tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),interleukin-1beta(IL-1β)and interleukin-6(IL-6),and gut barrier function-related genes,zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)and Occludin,and raising the glucagon-like peptide 2(GLP-2)level via increasing the contents of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs).Interestingly,the AP,PZ or PB2 supplementation could significantly improve the production of SCFAs and restore the microbial community structure and diversity in mice with TOPFM-induced obesity,in particular,increased the abundance of Lachnospiraceae and Bifidobacteriaceae possibly by inhibiting Blautia and Bifidobacterium phages.The influences of AP,PZ or PB2 on gut microorganisms and phases of the mice upon TOPFM were species-specific.This study was the first report on the ability of an AP,PZ or PB2 supplementation to promote the production of SCFAs by modulating gut microbiota possibly via regulating gut phages.
文摘Emergency cesarean section has always been a challenge for patients,surgeons,and anesthesiologists,as it endangers the safety of both parturients and fetuses.Obesity and hypertension are common among pregnant women,but severe obesity combined with refractory hypertension is very rare in clinical practice.The optimal anesthetic management strategy for obese pregnant women with a difficult airway and poorly controlled hypertension remains debatable.This report presents a 32-year-old woman with severe obesity and refractory hypertension at 36 weeks and 6 days of pregnancy.Owing to fetal heart rate abnormalities,she was scheduled for emergency cesarean section.Given the urgency of the fetal condition and the challenges posed by the patient's obesity for epidural puncture,the anesthesiologist opted for rapid sequence induction and tracheal intubation instead of intervertebral anesthesia.Short-acting antihypertensive medications were adminstrated preoperatively to control elevated blood pressure,and vasopressor agents were continuously infused during surgery to prevent severe hypotension induced by anesthetic drugs.The entire anesthesia and surgical procedure proceeded uneventfully,with no major adverse events observed.Both the patient and fetus achieved favorable outcomes.This case indicates that early anesthetic risk assessment and meticulous pre-delivery planning are paramount,necessitating personalized management of airway and hemodynamics to optimize outcomes in obese parturients.
文摘Objective:To isolate and identify active constituents from Gracilaria chorda extract prepared under subcritical water conditions at 210℃(GCSW210)and evaluate their anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high-fat diet(HFD)-induced obese zebrafish larvae.Methods:GCSW210 was fractionated through solvent partitioning,ion-exchange chromatography,and silica gel medium-pressure liquid chromatography,followed by preparative high performance liquid chromatography.At each step,bioactivities were assessed in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by Oil Red O staining and 2-NBDG uptake assays.The most active fractions were further purified,and isolated compounds were tested in HFD-induced obese zebrafish larvae.Results:Liquid chromatography-hyphenated analysis with reference standards identified two major compounds in GCSW210:5-hydroxymethylfurfural and bis(5-formylfurfuryl)ether.Both compounds significantly inhibited lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and modulated gene expression associated with adipogenesis,glucose metabolism,and inflammation in zebrafish.They also enhanced glucose uptake,reduced circulating glucose levels,and improved insulin sensitivity.Notably,the effects were comparable to those of the crude GCSW210 extract.In silico docking studies confirmed stable interactions of both compounds with key metabolic and inflammatory targets,with bis(5-formylfurfuryl)ether showing stronger binding affinities.Conclusions:These findings suggest that 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and bis(5-formylfurfuryl)ether are key contributors to the therapeutic activity of Gracilaria chorda,highlighting its potential as a functional food ingredient for the prevention or management of metabolic disorders.
基金Medical Science and Technology Disciplinary Reserve Talent Program under the Kunming Municipal Health Science and Technology Talent Cultivation Project(Project No.:2024-SW(Reserve)-45)Health Research Project of the Kunming Municipal Health Commission(Project No.:2023-03-06-012)。
文摘Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy(LSG),as an effective treatment for morbid obesity and its metabolic complications,exerts its therapeutic effects by significantly reducing body weight and improving metabolic disorders.Its core mechanisms involve multi-level regulation of free fatty acid(FFA)metabolism and chronic low-grade inflammatory states(represented by tumor necrosis factor-alpha,TNF-α).This paper systematically reviews the direct impact of LSG on FFA dynamics including lipolysis,tissue uptake,and oxidation,as well as the molecular pathways through which it indirectly regulates TNF-αby reducing adipose tissue inflammation,improving intestinal barrier function,and modulating epigenetic modifications such as SCD gene methylation.Postoperatively,FFA and TNF-αform a bidirectional promoting feedback loop.LSG effectively breaks this vicious cycle of mutual promotion between the two under obese conditions by reducing FFA levels and inhibiting TNF-αexpression.Lower FFA levels alleviate inflammatory signal activation,while reduced TNF-αinhibits lipolysis,collectively promoting the restoration of insulin sensitivity.A thorough understanding of these mechanisms provides a theoretical basis for optimizing surgical strategies and developing targeted therapies.
文摘Background:Obesity remains a major global health challenge,closely linked to individuals'health beliefs and lifestyle behaviors.Descriptive and relational research methods were used to ascertain the correlation between health beliefs and healthy lifestyle behaviors in obese individuals based on the Health Belief Model.Methods:The population of the research are obese individuals who are treated in the internal medicine clinic in a state hospital in Diyarbakır and applied to a dietitian.Based on power analysis,the study’s sample consisted of 192 obese people.The health belief model scale in obese individuals(HBMSO),the Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale-II(HLBS-II),and the Personal Information Form were used to gather the data.The data was evaluated using the following methods:mean,standard deviation,linear regression analysis,Mann-Whitney U test,Kruskal-Wallis test,Shapiro Wilk and Kolmogorov Smirnov tests,post-hoc Dunn-Benferronni tests,Pearson and Spearman correlation,and others.Results:It was determined that 26.0%of obese individuals were in the 46–55 age range,63.5%were female,64.6%were married,60.4%had a BMI in the range of 30–34.9 kg/m^(2),and 42.7%partially exercised.All sub-dimensions and HBMSO sub-dimensions had statistically significant correlation with the HLBS-II total score.The linear regression analysis results used to identify the predictors of the HLBS-II total score showed that the increase in the level of education and the HBMSO“Importance of Health”sub-dimension score increased the HLBS-II total score,while not exercising and an increase in the HBMSO“Obstacle Perception”sub-dimension score decreased the HLBS-II total score.Conclusion:Individuals’health attitudes have a major impact on leading a healthy lifestyle,which is consistent with the research results.
文摘BACKGROUND Obese patients(body mass index≥30 kg/m^(2))undergoing isolated aortic valve replacement(AVR)face increased surgical risks due to comorbidities.Partial upper sternotomy(PUS),a minimally invasive approach,may reduce complications compared to full median sternotomy(FMS).We hypothesize that PUS improves outcomes over FMS in obese patients undergoing AVR.AIM To compare the efficacy and safety of PUS vs FMS in obese patients undergoing isolated AVR.METHODS This systematic review and meta-analysis followed PRISMA guidelines,searching PubMed,EMBASE,and Cochrane databases for observational studies comparing PUS vs FMS in obese patients undergoing AVR.Outcomes were analyzed using odds ratios(OR),mean differences(MD),95%confidence intervals(CI),I^(2)statistic,and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for quality assessment.RESULTS Four observational studies involving 677 patients were analyzed.PUS reduced intensive care unit stay(MD-2.67 days,95%CI:-4.43 to-0.90,P=0.003,I^(2)=78%)but increased cardiopulmonary bypass time(MD 5.62 minutes,95%CI:-0.36 to 11.59,I^(2)=55%).No differences were observed in renal failure(OR 1.13,95%CI:0.63-2.94,I^(2)=0%),atrial fibrillation(OR 0.81,95%CI:0.43-1.54,I^(2)=30%),reexploration(OR 1.09,95%CI:0.48-2.47,I^(2)=0%),postoperative bleeding(OR 1.48,95%CI:0.53-4.15,I^(2)=60%),wound infection(OR 1.23,95%CI:0.70-2.14,I^(2)=0%),hospital stay(MD 0.51 days,95%CI:-4.13 to 5.15,I^(2)=90%),or cross-clamp time(MD 4.03 minutes,95%CI:-0.75 to 8.80,I^(2)=50%).CONCLUSION PUS is safe and effective for obese patients undergoing AVR,reducing intensive care unit stay and enhancing recovery,provided surgical expertise is available.
基金supported by the grants from the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality(Grant No.:7212185)the Scientific and Technological Innovation project of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(Grant No.:CI2021A03808)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:82330124,81974526,and 82274176)the Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Program of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,China(Program No.:ZYYCXTD-C-202002)the Special Project for Training Outstanding Young Scientific and Technological Talents(innovative type)of Necessary Scientific Research Business Expenses of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(Project Nos.:ZZ13-YQ-051,and ZZ15-YQ-063)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central public welfare research institutes(Grant No.:ZXKT21010).
文摘Nowadays,roughly 603.7 million people are bothered by obesity[1].More seriously,obesity brings inflammation to the peripheral and central nervous system,which compromises the comorbidity of obesity,major depression[2],and cognitive deficits[3].Drug competent in the comorbidity is still lacking.In 2015,Liu et al.[4]reported celastrol(CEL)as a powerful anti-obesity agent.In our previous study.
文摘Dear Editor,We have read with interest the article by Li et al[1].In the response to this article[1]which is a well thought out and written paper,I would like to draw attention to some critical points in this study and add some comments to the results and the conclusion of the study which authors have detected.In the Li et al’s[1]study,it is detected that,choroidal thickness is significantly negatively correlated with body mass index(BMI)and choroidal thickness is decreased in people with overweight or obesity.
文摘Background:Elderly patients with cancer who are overweight or obese tend to show signs of inflammation or malnutrition.The albumin-to-globulin ratio(AGR)is a clinical indicator of the nutritional status and presence of systemic inflammation in cancer patients.However,its predictive value in this specific population has not yet been elucidated.Methods:This study,comprising 917 overweight or obese elderly cancer patients,was conducted as a multicenter clinical trial.The relationship between the AGR and survival outcome was assessed using Kaplan-Meier survival curve analyses and the Cox regression model for HRs.Additionally,the prognostic value of the pretreatment AGR was validated by performing a propensity score matching analysis.Results:The optimal cutoff value for a low AGR was 1.25.A notable decrease in the risk of all-cause mortality was observed with each increase in the AGR value.Specifically,for every standard deviation increase,the HR was 0.83(95%CI:0.74–0.93,P=0.001).After adjustment,it was determined that a decreased AGR was independently linked to a worse prognosis among elderly cancer patients who were overweight or obese(HR:1.79,95%CI:1.40–2.27,P<0.001).In addition,a reduced AGR is correlated with poorer outcomes in the context of certain malignancies,particularly lung,upper gastrointestinal,and colorectal malignancies.Notably,the effect of the AGR on the overall survival was influenced by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status.The validity of our primary findings was confirmed through a propensity score matching analysis,which accounted for potential confounding factors.Conclusions:A reduced AGR is linked to a poor prognosis,particularly when concurrent with a poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status in overweight or obese elderly cancer patients.
文摘Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between active transportation, screen time and sleep quality among metabolically health versus unhealthy Congolese schoolboys and girls obese. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 58 obese aged 15.36 ± 1.22 years in Brazzaville (Republic of Congo). They were divided into metabolically healthy obese (MHO, n = 29) and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUHO, n = 29). Data collection consisted of anthropometric measurements, lipids profile parameters, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the screen time measurements. The relationship was analyzed by using the logistic regression for healthy and unhealthy schoolboys and obese girls. Results: Compared to MUH obese subjects, MUHO obese subjects were significantly less engaged in active transportation (p = 0.03), TV and smartphone times significantly increased (p = 0.000 and p = 0.003), sleep quality significantly poor (p = 0.001). They were 1.85 (95% CI: 0.85 - 3.88) lower odds to engage in active transportation, had 1.82 (95% CI: 1.11 - 3.10) and 2.04 (95% CI: 1.11 - 3.10) higher odds of TV time respectively, had 1.87 (95% CI: 1.24 - 2.84) and 2.04 (95% CI: 1.47 - 2.85) higher odds of smartphone time respectively and have 2.35 (95% CI: 1.62 - 3.41) higher odds of poor sleep. Conclusion: MUHO subjects underwent high screen time and poor sleep quality. Higher TV-viewing/smartphone time and poorer sleeping quality were found to be associated with less time spent in active transportation. This bad habit on screen and sleep negatively affects the cardiometabolic parameters.
文摘Activity 1.Think about the following questions and write down your answers before reading the text.1.What do you think are the possible reasons why it is difficult for some animals to lose weight in zoos?2.In your opinion,what are the potential consequences if animals in zoos are overweight?
文摘Acute pancreatitis is a common systemic inflammatory disease, manifested by a spectrum of severity, ranging from mild in the majority of patients to severe acute pancreatitis. Patients with severe acute pancreatitis suffer from severe local and systemic complications and organ failure, leading to a poor prognosis. The early recognition of the severe condition is important to improve prognosis. Obesity has risen in tandem with an increase in the severity of acute pancreatitis in recent years. Studies have revealed that adipose tissue, particularly visceral adipose tissue is associated with the prognosis of acute pancreatitis. This review discussed the role of visceral adipose tissue in obese patients with acute pancreatitis and explored the possible mechanism involved.
基金Supported by General Program of National Natural Science of China:Qigui Slimming Prescription Upgrades the Activating Ability of the Phlegm-Dampness Constitution to Improve Obesity by Regulating the Thermogenesis Axis of Clostridium Enterica-PhytosphingosineSph K/S1P-Ca^(2+) Cycle(No.82374308)National Key Research and Development Program:Development of Dietary Intervention Series for the Elderly with Decreased Functionality(No.2022YFC2010104)National Nonprofit Institute Research Grant for Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine,CACMS:Methylation of Gut Microbiota-Host DNA Reveals the Mechanism of Promoting PhlegmDampness Constitution to Prevent Metabolic Diseases(No.YZ-202151)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the extent of vascular endothelial dysfunction and preliminary identify serum protein biomarkers associated with obese individuals at risk for cardiovascular disease(CVD).METHODS:Fifteen obese volunteers with the phlegmdampness constitution or balanced constitution were recruited for this study respectively.The clinical baseline data was collected,and the vascular endothelial function was evaluated using the EndoPAT?.Blood samples were collected for the serum proteome analysis.The differences in the serum protein expression levels between the two groups were detected and the protein interaction network analysis,correlation analysis,receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis,and random forest model investigation were conducted.RESULTS:There were no statistical differences found in the baseline data.For vascular endothelial function,the reactive hyperemia index(RHI)of the phlegm-dampness constitution obese group was significantly lower than that of the balanced constitution obese group(1.46±0.30 vs 2.82±0.78,P<0.0001),indicating vascular endothelial dysfunction.There are 66 differentially expressed serum proteins between the two groups.apolipoprotein A2(Apo A2),angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE-2),interleukin-33(IL-33),and forkhead box P3(FoxP3)showed significant differences and area under curve values of their ROC curves were greater than 0.7 and correlated significantly with RHI.CONCLUSION:Vascular endothelial dysfunction was present in the phlegm-dampness constitution obese group.Thus,alterations in the expression levels of key serum proteins,including Apo A2,ACE-2,IL-33,and Fox P3 could serve as potential biomarkers in the obese population at risk of CVD.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82074291the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.8207153217+1 种基金the High-level Key Discipline of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Traditional Chinese Constitutional Medicine,No.zyyzdxk-2023251the Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Campus Level Project,No.90010961020140.
文摘BACKGROUND Overweight/obesity combined with depression among children and adolescents(ODCA)is a global concern.The bidirectional relationship between depression and overweight/obesity often leads to their comorbidity.Childhood and adolescence represent critical periods for physical and psychological development,during which the comorbidity of overweight/obesity and depression may increase the risk of adverse health outcomes.AIM To evaluate the relationship between ODCA,we conduct a bibliometric analysis to aid in formulating prevention and treatment strategies.METHODS From 2004 to 2023,articles related to ODCA were selected using the Science Citation Index Expanded from the Web of Science Core Collection.Bibliometric analysis of relevant publications,including countries/regions,institutions,authors,journals,references,and keywords,was conducted using the online bibliometric analysis platforms,CiteSpace,VOSviewer,and bibliometrix.RESULTS Between 2004 and 2023,a total of 1573 articles were published on ODCA.The United States has made leading contributions in this field,with Harvard University emerging as the leading contributor in terms of research output,and Tanofsky being the most prolific author.The J Adolescent Health has shown significant activity in this domain.Based on the results of the keyword and reference analyses,inequality,adverse childhood experiences,and comorbidities have become hot topics in ODCA.Moreover,the impact of balancedrelated behavior and exploration of the biological mechanisms,including the potential role of key adipocytokines and lipokines,as well as inflammation in ODCA,have emerged as frontier topics.CONCLUSION The trend of a significant increase in ODCA publications is expected to continue.The research findings will contribute to elucidating the pathogenic mechanisms of ODCA and its prevention and treatment.
文摘BACKGROUND Surgery for obese patients carries a higher risk of anesthesia complications compared with surgery for nonobese patients.Thus,a safe and effective anesthesia strategy is necessary to improve the medical experience of such patients and ensure their safety.AIM To compared the effectiveness and safety of remimazolam besylate versus dexmedetomidine(DEX)in gastrointestinal surgery in obese patients.METHODS The study cohort included 60 obese patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery between July 2021 and April 2023,comprising 30 patients who received DEX intervention(control group)and 30 patients who received remimazolam besylate intervention(research group).Heart rate(HR),respiratory rate(RR),mean arterial pressure(MAP),blood oxygen saturation(SpO_(2)),safety(nausea and vomiting,bradycardia,hypotension,and apnea),anesthesia and examination indices[induction time,anesthesia recovery time,and postanesthesia care unit(PACU)discharge time],sedation effect(Ramsay Sedation Scale),and postoperative pain visual analog scale were comparatively analyzed before anesthesia(T0),during anesthesia(T1),and after anesthesia(T2).RESULTS At T1,the research group showed significantly smaller changes in HR,RR,MAP,and SpO_(2) than the control group,with a significantly lower adverse reaction rate and shorter induction,anesthesia recovery,and PACU discharge times.Additionally,the intra-and postoperative Ramsay Sedation Scale scores were statistically higher in the research group than in the control group.CONCLUSION Remimazolam besylate was significantly more effective than DEX in gastrointestinal surgery in obese patients and had a higher safety profile and value in clinical promotion.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32471186,31771318)the 14^(th) Five-Year-Plan Advantageous and Characteristic Disciplines(Groups)of Colleges and Universities in Hubei Province for Exercise and Brain Science from Hubei Provincial Department of Education,and the Leading Talent Program Foundation from Wuhan Sports University to Ning Chen+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81701391)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2023AFB700)Key Project of Scientific Research of Education Department of Hubei Province(D20234101)Young and Middle aged Scientific Research Team Project of Wuhan Sports University(21KT08)to Jingjing Fan.
文摘Obesity,caused by excessive energy,leads to body weight gain and various diseases,including cognitive impairment.Current studies suggest that diet restriction such as optimal fasting and regular exercise are crucial for improving cognitive capacity.However,further exploration is needed to understand the specific mechanisms of high fat diet(HFD)-induced cognitive decline in obesity.In the present study,4-month-old mice were subjected to HFD feeding for 18 weeks,followed by aerobic exercise and high-intensity intermittent exercise,regular diet feeding,and intermittent fasting for 8 weeks,and then used to evaluate cognitive capacity,inflammation,compromised insulin signaling pathway,and apoptosis in hippocampal tissue,as well as AMPK/SIRT1 and TLR4 signal pathways.Obese mice revealed impaired cognitive capacity as compared with mice fed with regular diets.In contrast,aerobic exercise,high-intensity intermittent exercise,regular diet,and intermittent fasting could inhibit apoptosis caused by inflammation-mediated compromised insulin signaling pathway in hippocampal tissues through activating the AMPK/SIRT1 signal pathway and suppressing the TLR4 signal pathway,thereby rescuing the cognitive impairment of obese mice.Therefore,diet restriction and exercise interventions may play a positive role in reverting obesity-induced cognitive impairment.
