Daily average temperature data from 48 meteorological stations in Chinese oases that are within the distribution area of Populus euphratica were analyzed to determine the spatiotemporal responses of this tree to clima...Daily average temperature data from 48 meteorological stations in Chinese oases that are within the distribution area of Populus euphratica were analyzed to determine the spatiotemporal responses of this tree to climate change. Specifically, the start and end date as well as the number of days that comprised the growing season were analyzed with a multi-year trend line and using the Mann-Kendall mutation test, inverse distance weighted interpolation(IDW) in the software Arc GIS, a Morlet wavelet power spectrum, and correlation analysis. The results of this study show that, over the last 56 years, the start date of the P. euphratica growing season has advanced, while the end date has been postponed, and the number of days that comprise the growing season have gradually increased. The changing trend rates recovered in this analysis for these three time slices are –1.34 d/10 a, 1.33 d/10 a, and 2.66 d/10 a(α ≥ 0.001), respectively. Data show that while spatial disparity is extremely significant, it is nevertheless the case that along a southwest-to-northeast transect of Chinese oases, the later the start date of the P. euphratica season, the sooner the end data and the shorter the growing season. Mutations points in start and end date, as well as for the growing season overall were observed in 2001, 1989, and 1996, respectively, and the data presented in this paper show that, in particular, the date of this end of this period is most sensitive to climate warming. Growing season cycles for P. euphratica are between 3.56 years and 7.14 years, consistent with the periodicity of El Ni?o events, while a start date cycle between 3.56 years and 4.28 years is consistent with atmospheric circulation cyclicity. The causal analysis presented in this paper shows that the Asian polar vortex area index(APVAI), the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau index(TPI), the westerly circulation index(WCI), and carbon dioxide emissions(CDE) are the main factors influencing spatiotemporal changes in the growth of P. euphratica, the effect of latitude during the growing season is more significant than altitude, and the start date of the growing season is more significantly influenced by these factors than end date. In addition, data show that the start date, end date, and length of the growing season are all significantly correlated with their average corresponding monthly temperature(corre-lation coefficients are –0.875, 0.770, and 0.897; α≥0.001). Thus, if the average temperature in March increases by 1℃, the start date of the growing season will advance by 2.21 days, while if the average temperature in October increases by the same margin then the seasonal end date will be delayed by 2.76 days. Similarly, if the average temperature between March and October increases by 1℃, the growing season will be extended by 7.78 days. The results of this study corroborate the fact that changes in the P. euphratica growing are sensitive to regional warming and are thus of considerable theoretical significance to our understanding of the responses of Chinese vegetation to climate change as well as to ecological restoration.展开更多
The Tunisian coastal oases constitute a model of very rich plant biodiversity, organized in different floors of cultivation. The date palm is the highest, the second is the diversified fruit trees and the smallest is ...The Tunisian coastal oases constitute a model of very rich plant biodiversity, organized in different floors of cultivation. The date palm is the highest, the second is the diversified fruit trees and the smallest is composed by various other productions. The present paper is the results of a RAA diagnosis and bibliographic analysis of nearly thirty years of work on oases. The aim of this study is to focus on the plant diversity and the traditions in using different products. The survey revealed the existence of nearly 45 local date palm varieties, about 26 fruit trees, 65 vegetables and divers other species. It also raises nearly 30 uses of dates and date palm by-products. This survey shows also that oases inhabitants keep in possessing, for a long time, a knowledge to make ingenious concerning use and conservation of the products and by products of the date palm. This survey has all as much demonstrated the risks from weakening this balance which has long been maintained. Some recommendations to maintain and conserve this system are also presented in this paper.展开更多
Based on daily average temperatures and observation data from 74 meteorological stations in Chinese oases, we calculate five-day（pentad） average temperature ≤0℃ for the start and end pentad as well as pentads of c...Based on daily average temperatures and observation data from 74 meteorological stations in Chinese oases, we calculate five-day（pentad） average temperature ≤0℃ for the start and end pentad as well as pentads of cold period using linear regression analysis, nonparametric Mann-Kendall tests, the Morlet wavelet power spectrum, and correlation analysis. We also analyze spatial and temporal variations and their effects on the start and end pentad as well as pentads of cold period in Chinese oases. Results show that over the last 55 years, the start pentad of cold period has been postponed while the end pentad has been advanced. Overall, the pentads have gradually shortened over time at trend rates that are 0.3 p/10 a, –0.27 p/10 a, and –0.58 p/10 a, respectively. Spatial differences are significant, especially for the Qaidam Basin oasis where the start pentad is the earliest, the end pentad is the latest, and the trend of change is most obvious. Mutation points for the start and end pentad as well as pentads of cold period were observed in 1990, 1998, and 1994, respectively. Of these, the start pentad and pentads of cold period show a periodic cycle, related to atmospheric circulation and El Nino events, while the end pentad exhibits a periodic cycle, related to solar activity. The Tibetan Plateau index（TPI）, the Asian polar vortex area index（APVAI）, and carbon dioxide emissions（CDE） are the main factors affecting cold period in the study area, whereas the South Asian summer monsoon（SASM） index exerts the greatest effect on the Qaidam Basin oasis. The start and end pentad as well as pentads of cold period increase in concert with latitude, longitude, and altitude; in response to these changes, the start pentad is advanced, the end pentad is postponed, and pentads of cold period are gradually extended. Results show that change in latitude is most significant. Overall, the start and end pentad as well as pentads of cold period show clear responses to regional warming, but there are different effects on each.展开更多
The Tunisian oases face serious problems of waterlogging and salinization caused by mismanagement of water and soil resources and the reduced discharge of drainage water. The oases space is based on a fragile balance ...The Tunisian oases face serious problems of waterlogging and salinization caused by mismanagement of water and soil resources and the reduced discharge of drainage water. The oases space is based on a fragile balance between water, soil and man, which is now changed by modem irrigation and drainage systems. The oases pump most of their water from deep aquifers and only to a small degree from shallow aquifers. The quality of the irrigation water and the presence of a shallow saline water table are the main causes of salinization of the oases. Concerning the salt-affected landscapes and hydro-saline dynamic, the authors distinguish an equilibrium dynamic of salts to the parcel which depends on water management, and an equilibrium dynamic at the level of the basin watershed which is powered by drilling and ending in hypersaline depressions. For the management of salinization and waterlogging, a combination of agricultural management techniques are used, the first being modem methods of irrigation and drainage. Other, less used methods are sandy amendment, the reuse of drainage waters, geothermal waters and of treated wastewater.展开更多
Coastal date palm cultivars are interesting through their soft dates, their abundant and earliest production than continental cultivars. Maintaining bio-diversity in Tunisian oases has become a subject of first intere...Coastal date palm cultivars are interesting through their soft dates, their abundant and earliest production than continental cultivars. Maintaining bio-diversity in Tunisian oases has become a subject of first interest in date palm cultivation in Tunisia. Coastal oases still retain a very rich and varied plant biodiversity in comparison with the continental oases, weakened by the mono cultivation of ＂Deglet Nour＂ cultivar. Study of soft date＇s composition can make there well known to date consumers, help to valorize there and to help of sustainability of coastal oases ecosystem. Fresh dates from 15 cultivars was collected, dried by 80 ~C in 20-24 h. Acidity was determinate by pH meter. Sugars were appreciated by enzymatic method. Ash and minerals was calculated by photometer and spectrometer. Chemical date composition study showed that coastal date palm cultivars are predominantly rich of carbohydrates, have a low quantity of sucrose which gives them an important dietary value. Their pH varies from 5 to 6, classifies them as the best date quality for fresh consumption. Their richness in Total Nitrogen Matters and total minerals makes them at almost the same level as the other date palm eultivars analyzed by different authors in different areas of date palm production. Mineral composition showed that these dates are K and P-rich and relatively poor in Na and Ca.展开更多
Desertification poses a significant ecological threat to global sustainability,notably within arid regions such as the Tarim Basin surrounding the extensive Taklimakan Desert in Northwest China.This study used the Goo...Desertification poses a significant ecological threat to global sustainability,notably within arid regions such as the Tarim Basin surrounding the extensive Taklimakan Desert in Northwest China.This study used the Google Earth Engine(GEE)platform and Random Forest(RF)to analyze multi-temporal Landsat images to reveal desertification dynamics in the Tarim Basin spanning from 1990 to 2020.The results showed that land use types of the Tarim Basin were classified into three types:artificial oases,natural oases,and desertified land.To robustly quantify the spatiotemporal dynamics of land use,we introduced the Desertification Change Index(DCI),a novel metric specifically designed to measure the transformation sensitivity of land use types.Our analysis demonstrated that from 1990 to 2020,artificial oases showed a continuous increasing trend,while desertified land decreased significantly.Natural oases decreased during 1990–2000,then continued to grow,and showed a decreasing trend again after 2015.Moreover,natural oases have mainly been converted into desertified land and artificial oases.Artificial oases were mainly converted into natural oases,and most of desertified land was converted into natural oases.Regions with significant oasis expansion(DCI=2)were mostly concentrated within the influence radius of artificial oases.In contrast,regions with significant oasis degradation(DCI=–2)were generally farther from artificial oases.Finally,this study found that the changes in land use types of the Tarim Basin are mainly driven by human activities,which play a dual role—mitigating desertification by controlling oasis expansion and exacerbating desertification through unsustainable resource utilization.Ultimately,this research provides essential insights for policy-makers and land managers aiming to devise adaptive and sustainable desertification control measures in the Tarim Basin and similarly arid regions globally.展开更多
Objective:To determine epidemiological features of scorpion stings in the oases of Southern Morocco:Zagora Province.Methods:A three-year prospective descriptive survey was performed to obtain epidemiological data on s...Objective:To determine epidemiological features of scorpion stings in the oases of Southern Morocco:Zagora Province.Methods:A three-year prospective descriptive survey was performed to obtain epidemiological data on scorpion stings,including information on epidemiological characteristics of patients stung,and gathered information on scorpion species distribution.The following information was recorded for each scorpion sting:demographics of stung patients(age,gender,geographical location),circumstances of the sting(location,time,date,activity at the time),and many traditional medical attention.A questionnaire was completed for every stung patient.Concomitantly with the epidemiological survey,a systematic sampling of scorpions based on observations and direct captures in situ was applied.Results:There were 50 cases of death among 1053 cases studied.Most cases of death were recorded among children(under 15 years)(64%).The average age of victims was(23.00±15.36)years.The scorpion sting occurred in 34.37%of cases between 18:00 and 24:00,and it coincided with the warm period and particularly between June and September(70%).The stings were principally in hands and feet(897 cases,85.71%).The majority of victims had chosen traditional remedies(69.61%),and only 22.79%had received modern treatment while 1.33%of cases did not receive any treatment.The scorpion species involved were yellow in 179 cases and black in 815 cases.In 59 cases the scorpion involved was not identified.Conclusions:Our data constitute a preliminary descriptive study and suggest that scorpion envenomation is an important problem in the studied area.展开更多
Oxidation of organic amines(OAs)or aromatic hydrocarbons(AHs)produces carbonyls,which further react with OAs to form carbonyl-amine condensation products,threatening environmental quality and human health.However,ther...Oxidation of organic amines(OAs)or aromatic hydrocarbons(AHs)produces carbonyls,which further react with OAs to form carbonyl-amine condensation products,threatening environmental quality and human health.However,there is still a lack of systematic understanding of the carbonyl-amine condensation reaction processes of OAs or between OAs and AHs,and subsequent environmental health impact.This work systematically investigated the carbonyl-amine condensation coupled ozonolysis kinetics,reaction mechanism,secondary organic aerosol(SOA)formation and cytotoxicity fromthe mixture of dipropylamine(DPA)and styrene(STY)by a combined method of productmass spectrometry identification,particle property analysis and cell exposure evaluation.The results from ozonolysis of DPA and STY mixture revealed that STY inhibited the ozonolysis of DPA to different degrees to accelerate its own decay rate.The barycenter of carbonyl-amine condensation reactionswas shifted from inside of DPA to between DPA and STY,which accelerated STY ozonolysis,but slowed down DPA ozonolysis.For the first time,ozonolysis of DPA and STY mixture to complex carbonyl-amine condensation products through the reactions of DPA with its carbonyl products,DPA with STY’s carbonyl products and DPA’s bond breakage product with STY’s carbonyl products was confirmed.These condensation products significantly contributed to the formation and growth of SOA.The SOA containing particulate carbonyl-amine condensation products showed definite cytotoxicity.These findings are helpful to deeply and comprehensively understand the transformation,fate and environmental health effects of mixed organics in atmospheric environment.展开更多
Objective:To develop a Chinese version of the Observer Alexithymia Scale (OAS) and examine its reliability and validity. Methods: A sample of 468 under-graduate students was administered OAS.The internal reliability a...Objective:To develop a Chinese version of the Observer Alexithymia Scale (OAS) and examine its reliability and validity. Methods: A sample of 468 under-graduate students was administered OAS.The internal reliability and test-retest reliability were examined, and using confirmatory factor analysis,a five-factor model was tested. Results: The Cronbach’s a coefficient of the OAS was 0.84; The range of mean interitem correlation coefficients was 0.20～0.45; The test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.90; The correlation coefficients of the five factors with the total scale score were 0.52～0.75,and the correlation coefficients among the five factors were 0.01～0.55; The GFI(0.952)、CFI(0.943)、IFI(0.944)、REMEA(0.069)all met the criteria standards for adequacy of fit. Conclusion: the Chinese version of the OAS is a reliable and valid measure for assessing alexithymia in Chinese-speaking sample.展开更多
目的:探讨系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者血清白细胞介素-2受体α(IL-2Rα)、5’-寡腺苷酸合成酶1(OAS1)、脱氧核糖核酸酶1Like3(DNase1L3)与疾病活动度和早期肾损伤的关系。方法:纳入我院2018年1月-2021年12月期间收治的113例SLE患者,根据SL...目的:探讨系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者血清白细胞介素-2受体α(IL-2Rα)、5’-寡腺苷酸合成酶1(OAS1)、脱氧核糖核酸酶1Like3(DNase1L3)与疾病活动度和早期肾损伤的关系。方法:纳入我院2018年1月-2021年12月期间收治的113例SLE患者,根据SLE疾病活动度评分(SLEDAI)将患者分为轻度组(n=48,SLEDAI评分0~9分)、中度组(n=28,SLEDAI评分10~14分)、重度组(n=37,SLEDAI评分≥15分)。根据患者肾小球滤过率(eGFR)将患者分为肾功能正常组[n=48,eGFR>90 m L/(min·1.73 m_(2))]和早期肾功能损伤组[n=65,eGFR为60~90 m L/(min·1.73 m_(2))]。对比轻度组、中度组和重度组的血清IL-2Rα、OAS1、DNase1L3水平。采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析SLE患者早期肾损伤的影响因素。结果:重度组、中度组的IL-2Rα、OAS1高于轻度组,且重度组高于中度组(P<0.05)。重度组、中度组的DNase1L3低于轻度组,且重度组低于中度组(P<0.05)。单因素分析结果显示,SLE患者早期肾损伤与年龄、SLEDAI评分、病程、三酰甘油(TG)、血小板(PLT)、血红蛋白(Hb)、血白蛋白(ALB)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、血尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Scr)、C3、eGFR、血尿酸(UA)、β2微球蛋白(β2MG)、IL-2Rα、OAS1、DNase1L3有关(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示年龄、Scr、UA、β2MG、IL-2Rα、OAS1均是SLE患者早期肾损伤的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:IL-2Rα、OAS1、DNase1L3参与着SLE的疾病进展,其中IL-2Rα、OAS1可与年龄、Scr、UA、β2MG等因素共同辅助评估早期肾功能损伤。展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.40961035,No.41461012Science and Technology Project of Gansu Province,No.0803RJZA094
文摘Daily average temperature data from 48 meteorological stations in Chinese oases that are within the distribution area of Populus euphratica were analyzed to determine the spatiotemporal responses of this tree to climate change. Specifically, the start and end date as well as the number of days that comprised the growing season were analyzed with a multi-year trend line and using the Mann-Kendall mutation test, inverse distance weighted interpolation(IDW) in the software Arc GIS, a Morlet wavelet power spectrum, and correlation analysis. The results of this study show that, over the last 56 years, the start date of the P. euphratica growing season has advanced, while the end date has been postponed, and the number of days that comprise the growing season have gradually increased. The changing trend rates recovered in this analysis for these three time slices are –1.34 d/10 a, 1.33 d/10 a, and 2.66 d/10 a(α ≥ 0.001), respectively. Data show that while spatial disparity is extremely significant, it is nevertheless the case that along a southwest-to-northeast transect of Chinese oases, the later the start date of the P. euphratica season, the sooner the end data and the shorter the growing season. Mutations points in start and end date, as well as for the growing season overall were observed in 2001, 1989, and 1996, respectively, and the data presented in this paper show that, in particular, the date of this end of this period is most sensitive to climate warming. Growing season cycles for P. euphratica are between 3.56 years and 7.14 years, consistent with the periodicity of El Ni?o events, while a start date cycle between 3.56 years and 4.28 years is consistent with atmospheric circulation cyclicity. The causal analysis presented in this paper shows that the Asian polar vortex area index(APVAI), the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau index(TPI), the westerly circulation index(WCI), and carbon dioxide emissions(CDE) are the main factors influencing spatiotemporal changes in the growth of P. euphratica, the effect of latitude during the growing season is more significant than altitude, and the start date of the growing season is more significantly influenced by these factors than end date. In addition, data show that the start date, end date, and length of the growing season are all significantly correlated with their average corresponding monthly temperature(corre-lation coefficients are –0.875, 0.770, and 0.897; α≥0.001). Thus, if the average temperature in March increases by 1℃, the start date of the growing season will advance by 2.21 days, while if the average temperature in October increases by the same margin then the seasonal end date will be delayed by 2.76 days. Similarly, if the average temperature between March and October increases by 1℃, the growing season will be extended by 7.78 days. The results of this study corroborate the fact that changes in the P. euphratica growing are sensitive to regional warming and are thus of considerable theoretical significance to our understanding of the responses of Chinese vegetation to climate change as well as to ecological restoration.
文摘The Tunisian coastal oases constitute a model of very rich plant biodiversity, organized in different floors of cultivation. The date palm is the highest, the second is the diversified fruit trees and the smallest is composed by various other productions. The present paper is the results of a RAA diagnosis and bibliographic analysis of nearly thirty years of work on oases. The aim of this study is to focus on the plant diversity and the traditions in using different products. The survey revealed the existence of nearly 45 local date palm varieties, about 26 fruit trees, 65 vegetables and divers other species. It also raises nearly 30 uses of dates and date palm by-products. This survey shows also that oases inhabitants keep in possessing, for a long time, a knowledge to make ingenious concerning use and conservation of the products and by products of the date palm. This survey has all as much demonstrated the risks from weakening this balance which has long been maintained. Some recommendations to maintain and conserve this system are also presented in this paper.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.40961035The Science and Technology Project of Gansu Province,No.0803RJZA094The Provincial Key Disciplines of Natural Geography Project of Gansu
文摘Based on daily average temperatures and observation data from 74 meteorological stations in Chinese oases, we calculate five-day（pentad） average temperature ≤0℃ for the start and end pentad as well as pentads of cold period using linear regression analysis, nonparametric Mann-Kendall tests, the Morlet wavelet power spectrum, and correlation analysis. We also analyze spatial and temporal variations and their effects on the start and end pentad as well as pentads of cold period in Chinese oases. Results show that over the last 55 years, the start pentad of cold period has been postponed while the end pentad has been advanced. Overall, the pentads have gradually shortened over time at trend rates that are 0.3 p/10 a, –0.27 p/10 a, and –0.58 p/10 a, respectively. Spatial differences are significant, especially for the Qaidam Basin oasis where the start pentad is the earliest, the end pentad is the latest, and the trend of change is most obvious. Mutation points for the start and end pentad as well as pentads of cold period were observed in 1990, 1998, and 1994, respectively. Of these, the start pentad and pentads of cold period show a periodic cycle, related to atmospheric circulation and El Nino events, while the end pentad exhibits a periodic cycle, related to solar activity. The Tibetan Plateau index（TPI）, the Asian polar vortex area index（APVAI）, and carbon dioxide emissions（CDE） are the main factors affecting cold period in the study area, whereas the South Asian summer monsoon（SASM） index exerts the greatest effect on the Qaidam Basin oasis. The start and end pentad as well as pentads of cold period increase in concert with latitude, longitude, and altitude; in response to these changes, the start pentad is advanced, the end pentad is postponed, and pentads of cold period are gradually extended. Results show that change in latitude is most significant. Overall, the start and end pentad as well as pentads of cold period show clear responses to regional warming, but there are different effects on each.
文摘The Tunisian oases face serious problems of waterlogging and salinization caused by mismanagement of water and soil resources and the reduced discharge of drainage water. The oases space is based on a fragile balance between water, soil and man, which is now changed by modem irrigation and drainage systems. The oases pump most of their water from deep aquifers and only to a small degree from shallow aquifers. The quality of the irrigation water and the presence of a shallow saline water table are the main causes of salinization of the oases. Concerning the salt-affected landscapes and hydro-saline dynamic, the authors distinguish an equilibrium dynamic of salts to the parcel which depends on water management, and an equilibrium dynamic at the level of the basin watershed which is powered by drilling and ending in hypersaline depressions. For the management of salinization and waterlogging, a combination of agricultural management techniques are used, the first being modem methods of irrigation and drainage. Other, less used methods are sandy amendment, the reuse of drainage waters, geothermal waters and of treated wastewater.
文摘Coastal date palm cultivars are interesting through their soft dates, their abundant and earliest production than continental cultivars. Maintaining bio-diversity in Tunisian oases has become a subject of first interest in date palm cultivation in Tunisia. Coastal oases still retain a very rich and varied plant biodiversity in comparison with the continental oases, weakened by the mono cultivation of ＂Deglet Nour＂ cultivar. Study of soft date＇s composition can make there well known to date consumers, help to valorize there and to help of sustainability of coastal oases ecosystem. Fresh dates from 15 cultivars was collected, dried by 80 ~C in 20-24 h. Acidity was determinate by pH meter. Sugars were appreciated by enzymatic method. Ash and minerals was calculated by photometer and spectrometer. Chemical date composition study showed that coastal date palm cultivars are predominantly rich of carbohydrates, have a low quantity of sucrose which gives them an important dietary value. Their pH varies from 5 to 6, classifies them as the best date quality for fresh consumption. Their richness in Total Nitrogen Matters and total minerals makes them at almost the same level as the other date palm eultivars analyzed by different authors in different areas of date palm production. Mineral composition showed that these dates are K and P-rich and relatively poor in Na and Ca.
基金supported by the Third Xinjiang Scientific Expedition and Research Program-Investigation and Risk Assessment of Drought and Aeolian Disasters in Tarim River Basin(2021xjkk0300)the Xinjiang Tianshan Talent Program(2022TSYCLJ0002)the Basic Frontier Project of Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences(E3500201).
文摘Desertification poses a significant ecological threat to global sustainability,notably within arid regions such as the Tarim Basin surrounding the extensive Taklimakan Desert in Northwest China.This study used the Google Earth Engine(GEE)platform and Random Forest(RF)to analyze multi-temporal Landsat images to reveal desertification dynamics in the Tarim Basin spanning from 1990 to 2020.The results showed that land use types of the Tarim Basin were classified into three types:artificial oases,natural oases,and desertified land.To robustly quantify the spatiotemporal dynamics of land use,we introduced the Desertification Change Index(DCI),a novel metric specifically designed to measure the transformation sensitivity of land use types.Our analysis demonstrated that from 1990 to 2020,artificial oases showed a continuous increasing trend,while desertified land decreased significantly.Natural oases decreased during 1990–2000,then continued to grow,and showed a decreasing trend again after 2015.Moreover,natural oases have mainly been converted into desertified land and artificial oases.Artificial oases were mainly converted into natural oases,and most of desertified land was converted into natural oases.Regions with significant oasis expansion(DCI=2)were mostly concentrated within the influence radius of artificial oases.In contrast,regions with significant oasis degradation(DCI=–2)were generally farther from artificial oases.Finally,this study found that the changes in land use types of the Tarim Basin are mainly driven by human activities,which play a dual role—mitigating desertification by controlling oasis expansion and exacerbating desertification through unsustainable resource utilization.Ultimately,this research provides essential insights for policy-makers and land managers aiming to devise adaptive and sustainable desertification control measures in the Tarim Basin and similarly arid regions globally.
基金Supported by the Laboratory of Ecology and Environment(L2E),URAC32-CNRST and ERACNERS06-CNERS.
文摘Objective:To determine epidemiological features of scorpion stings in the oases of Southern Morocco:Zagora Province.Methods:A three-year prospective descriptive survey was performed to obtain epidemiological data on scorpion stings,including information on epidemiological characteristics of patients stung,and gathered information on scorpion species distribution.The following information was recorded for each scorpion sting:demographics of stung patients(age,gender,geographical location),circumstances of the sting(location,time,date,activity at the time),and many traditional medical attention.A questionnaire was completed for every stung patient.Concomitantly with the epidemiological survey,a systematic sampling of scorpions based on observations and direct captures in situ was applied.Results:There were 50 cases of death among 1053 cases studied.Most cases of death were recorded among children(under 15 years)(64%).The average age of victims was(23.00±15.36)years.The scorpion sting occurred in 34.37%of cases between 18:00 and 24:00,and it coincided with the warm period and particularly between June and September(70%).The stings were principally in hands and feet(897 cases,85.71%).The majority of victims had chosen traditional remedies(69.61%),and only 22.79%had received modern treatment while 1.33%of cases did not receive any treatment.The scorpion species involved were yellow in 179 cases and black in 815 cases.In 59 cases the scorpion involved was not identified.Conclusions:Our data constitute a preliminary descriptive study and suggest that scorpion envenomation is an important problem in the studied area.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42177354 and 42020104001)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFC0214402)+1 种基金the Local Innovative and Research Teams Project of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program(No.2017BT01Z032)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2019B151502064).
文摘Oxidation of organic amines(OAs)or aromatic hydrocarbons(AHs)produces carbonyls,which further react with OAs to form carbonyl-amine condensation products,threatening environmental quality and human health.However,there is still a lack of systematic understanding of the carbonyl-amine condensation reaction processes of OAs or between OAs and AHs,and subsequent environmental health impact.This work systematically investigated the carbonyl-amine condensation coupled ozonolysis kinetics,reaction mechanism,secondary organic aerosol(SOA)formation and cytotoxicity fromthe mixture of dipropylamine(DPA)and styrene(STY)by a combined method of productmass spectrometry identification,particle property analysis and cell exposure evaluation.The results from ozonolysis of DPA and STY mixture revealed that STY inhibited the ozonolysis of DPA to different degrees to accelerate its own decay rate.The barycenter of carbonyl-amine condensation reactionswas shifted from inside of DPA to between DPA and STY,which accelerated STY ozonolysis,but slowed down DPA ozonolysis.For the first time,ozonolysis of DPA and STY mixture to complex carbonyl-amine condensation products through the reactions of DPA with its carbonyl products,DPA with STY’s carbonyl products and DPA’s bond breakage product with STY’s carbonyl products was confirmed.These condensation products significantly contributed to the formation and growth of SOA.The SOA containing particulate carbonyl-amine condensation products showed definite cytotoxicity.These findings are helpful to deeply and comprehensively understand the transformation,fate and environmental health effects of mixed organics in atmospheric environment.
文摘Objective:To develop a Chinese version of the Observer Alexithymia Scale (OAS) and examine its reliability and validity. Methods: A sample of 468 under-graduate students was administered OAS.The internal reliability and test-retest reliability were examined, and using confirmatory factor analysis,a five-factor model was tested. Results: The Cronbach’s a coefficient of the OAS was 0.84; The range of mean interitem correlation coefficients was 0.20～0.45; The test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.90; The correlation coefficients of the five factors with the total scale score were 0.52～0.75,and the correlation coefficients among the five factors were 0.01～0.55; The GFI(0.952)、CFI(0.943)、IFI(0.944)、REMEA(0.069)all met the criteria standards for adequacy of fit. Conclusion: the Chinese version of the OAS is a reliable and valid measure for assessing alexithymia in Chinese-speaking sample.
文摘目的:探讨系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者血清白细胞介素-2受体α(IL-2Rα)、5’-寡腺苷酸合成酶1(OAS1)、脱氧核糖核酸酶1Like3(DNase1L3)与疾病活动度和早期肾损伤的关系。方法:纳入我院2018年1月-2021年12月期间收治的113例SLE患者,根据SLE疾病活动度评分(SLEDAI)将患者分为轻度组(n=48,SLEDAI评分0~9分)、中度组(n=28,SLEDAI评分10~14分)、重度组(n=37,SLEDAI评分≥15分)。根据患者肾小球滤过率(eGFR)将患者分为肾功能正常组[n=48,eGFR>90 m L/(min·1.73 m_(2))]和早期肾功能损伤组[n=65,eGFR为60~90 m L/(min·1.73 m_(2))]。对比轻度组、中度组和重度组的血清IL-2Rα、OAS1、DNase1L3水平。采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析SLE患者早期肾损伤的影响因素。结果:重度组、中度组的IL-2Rα、OAS1高于轻度组,且重度组高于中度组(P<0.05)。重度组、中度组的DNase1L3低于轻度组,且重度组低于中度组(P<0.05)。单因素分析结果显示,SLE患者早期肾损伤与年龄、SLEDAI评分、病程、三酰甘油(TG)、血小板(PLT)、血红蛋白(Hb)、血白蛋白(ALB)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、血尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Scr)、C3、eGFR、血尿酸(UA)、β2微球蛋白(β2MG)、IL-2Rα、OAS1、DNase1L3有关(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示年龄、Scr、UA、β2MG、IL-2Rα、OAS1均是SLE患者早期肾损伤的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:IL-2Rα、OAS1、DNase1L3参与着SLE的疾病进展,其中IL-2Rα、OAS1可与年龄、Scr、UA、β2MG等因素共同辅助评估早期肾功能损伤。
