Field trials were conducted to evaluate the epidemiological factors of okra yellow vein mosaic virus (OYVMV). Four varieties of okra were subjected to screening and evaluation of the chemicals. The variety Saloni F1 w...Field trials were conducted to evaluate the epidemiological factors of okra yellow vein mosaic virus (OYVMV). Four varieties of okra were subjected to screening and evaluation of the chemicals. The variety Saloni F1 was highly resistant while Subz Pari was moderately resistant. Diksha was the tolerant variety while Lush Green was moderately susceptible. The chemical Imidacloprid was most effective to control whitefly population and okra yellow vein mosaic virus (OYVMV). Correlation of environmental factors (maximum and minimum temperature, relative humidity and rainfall) with percent plant infection of okra yellow vein mosaic virus (OYVMV) was also determined. There was a significant correlation between environment and disease severity.展开更多
Okra(Abelmoschus esculentus L.)belongs to the Malvaceae family and is one of the most essential and popular vegetables globally.It is rich in proteins,carbohydrates,and vitamins.Abiotic and biotic factors threaten okr...Okra(Abelmoschus esculentus L.)belongs to the Malvaceae family and is one of the most essential and popular vegetables globally.It is rich in proteins,carbohydrates,and vitamins.Abiotic and biotic factors threaten okra productivity.Okra yellow vein mosaic disease(OYVMD)is the most destructive disease of okra.The causal agent,[i.e.,Okra yellow vein mosaic virus(OYVMV)]of this disease belongs to the family Geminiviridae and genus Begomovirus.OYVMV is a monopartite with additional ssDNA molecule.This virus has two components DNA-A for protein coding and DNA-B for symptoms induction.Whitefly transmits OYVMV in persistent manner.Characteristic symptoms of OYVMV infected okra plants are chlorosis,dwarfing,and yellowing of veins and fruits.High temperatures with moderate rainfall enhance the development of OYVMV disease and the whitefly population.However,high humidity with low temperature and rainfall has no significant role in developing the OYVMD and whitefly population.Moreover,the virus also affects the secondary metabolites in the infected okra plants.The virus can be managed through various strategies including the application of plant defense activators,the development of resistant varieties and by controlling its vector via pesticides and plant extracts.Various plant defense activators such as monopotassium phosphate(KH2PO),salicylic acid,benzoic acid,and citric acid enhance resistance in okra against OYMVD.In addition,the resistance to OYMVD can also be achieved by successfully incorporating high yielding but resistant cultivars of acceptable quality.In this review,we have discussed history,economic impact,symptomology,disease development under a natural environment,genetics and management of OYVMV.展开更多
Okra yellow vein mosaic disease(OYVMD)is a major constraint to okra production globally.It is caused by several distinct begomoviruses,including okra yellow vein mosaic virus(OYVMV),that are transmitted by the whitefl...Okra yellow vein mosaic disease(OYVMD)is a major constraint to okra production globally.It is caused by several distinct begomoviruses,including okra yellow vein mosaic virus(OYVMV),that are transmitted by the whitefly.This study synthesizes current knowledge on the complex interactions between whiteflies,begomoviruses,and okra plants that enable viral spread and cause OYVMD.The acquisition and transmission cycle involves specific processes including virion ingestion during phloem-feeding,endocytosis and passage across insect tissues,secretion in saliva,and inoculation into plants.Molecular compatibilities between vector coat proteins,midgut proteins,and plant factors modulate virus replication and movement through barrier tissues.Abiotic stresses and host traits also impact whitefly behavior and virus epidemiology.Begomoviruses such as OYVMV have spread globally wherever whitefly vectors and susceptible okra varieties occur.Integrated management of the tripartite pathosystem that incorporates host resistance,cultural tactics,and biological control is required to mitigate the transmission of begomoviruses and OYVMD impact.Finally,resolving vector-virus interactions and developing interference strategies will help contribute to strengthening okra germplasm resistance which can support sustainable food production.展开更多
文摘Field trials were conducted to evaluate the epidemiological factors of okra yellow vein mosaic virus (OYVMV). Four varieties of okra were subjected to screening and evaluation of the chemicals. The variety Saloni F1 was highly resistant while Subz Pari was moderately resistant. Diksha was the tolerant variety while Lush Green was moderately susceptible. The chemical Imidacloprid was most effective to control whitefly population and okra yellow vein mosaic virus (OYVMV). Correlation of environmental factors (maximum and minimum temperature, relative humidity and rainfall) with percent plant infection of okra yellow vein mosaic virus (OYVMV) was also determined. There was a significant correlation between environment and disease severity.
文摘Okra(Abelmoschus esculentus L.)belongs to the Malvaceae family and is one of the most essential and popular vegetables globally.It is rich in proteins,carbohydrates,and vitamins.Abiotic and biotic factors threaten okra productivity.Okra yellow vein mosaic disease(OYVMD)is the most destructive disease of okra.The causal agent,[i.e.,Okra yellow vein mosaic virus(OYVMV)]of this disease belongs to the family Geminiviridae and genus Begomovirus.OYVMV is a monopartite with additional ssDNA molecule.This virus has two components DNA-A for protein coding and DNA-B for symptoms induction.Whitefly transmits OYVMV in persistent manner.Characteristic symptoms of OYVMV infected okra plants are chlorosis,dwarfing,and yellowing of veins and fruits.High temperatures with moderate rainfall enhance the development of OYVMV disease and the whitefly population.However,high humidity with low temperature and rainfall has no significant role in developing the OYVMD and whitefly population.Moreover,the virus also affects the secondary metabolites in the infected okra plants.The virus can be managed through various strategies including the application of plant defense activators,the development of resistant varieties and by controlling its vector via pesticides and plant extracts.Various plant defense activators such as monopotassium phosphate(KH2PO),salicylic acid,benzoic acid,and citric acid enhance resistance in okra against OYMVD.In addition,the resistance to OYMVD can also be achieved by successfully incorporating high yielding but resistant cultivars of acceptable quality.In this review,we have discussed history,economic impact,symptomology,disease development under a natural environment,genetics and management of OYVMV.
文摘Okra yellow vein mosaic disease(OYVMD)is a major constraint to okra production globally.It is caused by several distinct begomoviruses,including okra yellow vein mosaic virus(OYVMV),that are transmitted by the whitefly.This study synthesizes current knowledge on the complex interactions between whiteflies,begomoviruses,and okra plants that enable viral spread and cause OYVMD.The acquisition and transmission cycle involves specific processes including virion ingestion during phloem-feeding,endocytosis and passage across insect tissues,secretion in saliva,and inoculation into plants.Molecular compatibilities between vector coat proteins,midgut proteins,and plant factors modulate virus replication and movement through barrier tissues.Abiotic stresses and host traits also impact whitefly behavior and virus epidemiology.Begomoviruses such as OYVMV have spread globally wherever whitefly vectors and susceptible okra varieties occur.Integrated management of the tripartite pathosystem that incorporates host resistance,cultural tactics,and biological control is required to mitigate the transmission of begomoviruses and OYVMD impact.Finally,resolving vector-virus interactions and developing interference strategies will help contribute to strengthening okra germplasm resistance which can support sustainable food production.
