The wood sorrel family,Oxalidaceae,is mainly composed of annual or perennial herbs,a few shrubs,and trees distributed from temperate to tropical zones.Members of Oxalidaceae are of high medicinal,ornamental,and econom...The wood sorrel family,Oxalidaceae,is mainly composed of annual or perennial herbs,a few shrubs,and trees distributed from temperate to tropical zones.Members of Oxalidaceae are of high medicinal,ornamental,and economic value.Despite the rich diversity and value of Oxalidaceae,few molecular markers or plastomes are available for phylogenetic analysis of the family.Here,we reported four new whole plastomes of Oxalidaceae and compared them with plastomes of three species in the family,as well as the plastome of Rourea microphylla in the closely related family Connaraceae.The eight plastomes ranged in length from 150,673 bp(Biophytum sensitivum)to 156,609 bp(R.microphylla).Genome annotations revealed a total of 129e131 genes,including 83e84 protein-coding genes,eight rRNA genes,37 tRNA genes,and two to three pseudogenes.Comparative analyses showed that the plastomes of these species have minor variations at the gene level.The smaller plastomes of herbs B.sensitivum and three Oxalis species are associated with variations in IR region sizes,intergenic region variation,and gene or intron loss.We identified sequences with high variation that may serve as molecular markers in taxonomic studies of Oxalidaceae.The phylogenetic trees of selected superrosid representatives based on 76 protein-coding genes corroborated the Oxalidaceae position in Oxalidales and supported it as a sister to Connaraceae.Our research also supported the monophyly of the COM(Celastrales,Oxalidales,and Malpighiales)clade.展开更多
Two alkyl phenols,namely,2,5-dimethoxy-3-undecylphenol（1） and 5-methoxy-3-undecylphenol（2）,were isolated together with two known benzoquinones,5-O-methylembelin（3） and 2-dehydroxy-5-O-methylembelin（4） from the...Two alkyl phenols,namely,2,5-dimethoxy-3-undecylphenol（1） and 5-methoxy-3-undecylphenol（2）,were isolated together with two known benzoquinones,5-O-methylembelin（3） and 2-dehydroxy-5-O-methylembelin（4） from the wood of Averrhoa carambola.Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods（1D and 2D NMR）.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To estimate the phytochemical composition,antioxidant,antifungal,cytotoxic and phytotoxic activities of three important medicinal plants of Poonch valley,Azad Kashmir Pakistan.METHODS:Phytochemicals were inv...OBJECTIVE:To estimate the phytochemical composition,antioxidant,antifungal,cytotoxic and phytotoxic activities of three important medicinal plants of Poonch valley,Azad Kashmir Pakistan.METHODS:Phytochemicals were investigated for both qualitative(phenols,flavonoids,alkaloids and saponins)and quantitative(total phenolic and flavonoid contents)analysis of plant extracts prepared in ethanol,ethyl acetate and benzene.Moreover,antioxidant potential was investigated by screening botanical extracts against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging assay,phosphomolybdenum and total reducing power assay.While,disc diffusion method was used for determination of antifungal potential of all extracts against four pathogenic strains.Furthermore,brine shrimp cytotoxicity assay was conducted for cytotoxic potential and radish seed germination assay was carried out for estimation of allelopathic potential of plant extracts.RESULTS:Phytochemical evaluation showed the presence of phenolics,flavonoids,alkaloids and saponins in almost all plants.In addition to significant antioxidant potential,Rubia cordifolia(ethanolic extract)revealed highest amount of phenolics and flavonoids.The said plant also exhibited good cytotoxic activity.Among plant extracts highest antifungal activity and allelopathic potential was recorded by Oxalis latifolia(ethyl acetate extract).Ethanol and ethyl acetate were observed to be the best choice of solvents.The best solvents-based results were obtained by Ethanol followed by Ethyl acetate and Benzene.CONCLUSION:For further studies,Rubia cordifolia and Oxalis latifolia are the most promising medicinal plants of Poonch valley,Azad Kashmir Pakistan at molecular level in order to isolate the compounds concerning with pronounced activities.展开更多
基金the Disciplinary Professional Construction Project of College of Art&College of Landscape Architecture,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(YSYL-bdpy-2,YSYL-bdpy-1).
文摘The wood sorrel family,Oxalidaceae,is mainly composed of annual or perennial herbs,a few shrubs,and trees distributed from temperate to tropical zones.Members of Oxalidaceae are of high medicinal,ornamental,and economic value.Despite the rich diversity and value of Oxalidaceae,few molecular markers or plastomes are available for phylogenetic analysis of the family.Here,we reported four new whole plastomes of Oxalidaceae and compared them with plastomes of three species in the family,as well as the plastome of Rourea microphylla in the closely related family Connaraceae.The eight plastomes ranged in length from 150,673 bp(Biophytum sensitivum)to 156,609 bp(R.microphylla).Genome annotations revealed a total of 129e131 genes,including 83e84 protein-coding genes,eight rRNA genes,37 tRNA genes,and two to three pseudogenes.Comparative analyses showed that the plastomes of these species have minor variations at the gene level.The smaller plastomes of herbs B.sensitivum and three Oxalis species are associated with variations in IR region sizes,intergenic region variation,and gene or intron loss.We identified sequences with high variation that may serve as molecular markers in taxonomic studies of Oxalidaceae.The phylogenetic trees of selected superrosid representatives based on 76 protein-coding genes corroborated the Oxalidaceae position in Oxalidales and supported it as a sister to Connaraceae.Our research also supported the monophyly of the COM(Celastrales,Oxalidales,and Malpighiales)clade.
基金support from the Commission on Higher Education(CHE-RES-RG)
文摘Two alkyl phenols,namely,2,5-dimethoxy-3-undecylphenol（1） and 5-methoxy-3-undecylphenol（2）,were isolated together with two known benzoquinones,5-O-methylembelin（3） and 2-dehydroxy-5-O-methylembelin（4） from the wood of Averrhoa carambola.Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods（1D and 2D NMR）.
文摘OBJECTIVE:To estimate the phytochemical composition,antioxidant,antifungal,cytotoxic and phytotoxic activities of three important medicinal plants of Poonch valley,Azad Kashmir Pakistan.METHODS:Phytochemicals were investigated for both qualitative(phenols,flavonoids,alkaloids and saponins)and quantitative(total phenolic and flavonoid contents)analysis of plant extracts prepared in ethanol,ethyl acetate and benzene.Moreover,antioxidant potential was investigated by screening botanical extracts against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging assay,phosphomolybdenum and total reducing power assay.While,disc diffusion method was used for determination of antifungal potential of all extracts against four pathogenic strains.Furthermore,brine shrimp cytotoxicity assay was conducted for cytotoxic potential and radish seed germination assay was carried out for estimation of allelopathic potential of plant extracts.RESULTS:Phytochemical evaluation showed the presence of phenolics,flavonoids,alkaloids and saponins in almost all plants.In addition to significant antioxidant potential,Rubia cordifolia(ethanolic extract)revealed highest amount of phenolics and flavonoids.The said plant also exhibited good cytotoxic activity.Among plant extracts highest antifungal activity and allelopathic potential was recorded by Oxalis latifolia(ethyl acetate extract).Ethanol and ethyl acetate were observed to be the best choice of solvents.The best solvents-based results were obtained by Ethanol followed by Ethyl acetate and Benzene.CONCLUSION:For further studies,Rubia cordifolia and Oxalis latifolia are the most promising medicinal plants of Poonch valley,Azad Kashmir Pakistan at molecular level in order to isolate the compounds concerning with pronounced activities.
