The COVID-19 pandemic has devastated global tourism and recovery is proceeding very slowly.For many countries,tourism served as a major economic sector,so investigating how to recover is essential.As China was the lar...The COVID-19 pandemic has devastated global tourism and recovery is proceeding very slowly.For many countries,tourism served as a major economic sector,so investigating how to recover is essential.As China was the largest source of outbound travelers before the outbreak,study of the factors influencing Chinese intentions to travel overseas in the post-COVID era is revealing.In Apr.2022,among seven provinces(or cities)with the most outbound tourists from 2019 to 2021,2450 individuals responded to a questionnaire on daily mobility,tourism experiences,and the shifts due to the pandemic.Light gradient boosting machine(LightGBM),a robust ensemble learning method,was adopted to quantify and visualize the impact of explanatory factors on outbound travel intention.In addition,the Optuna mechanism and Shapley additive explanation(SHAP)instruments were employed for tuning hyperparameters and interpreting results,respectively.Findings suggest neither one-day nor multi-day tours have resumed to pre-COVID levels.Higher frequency of multi-day tours with further destinations,less car utilization in daily shopping trips,and moderate pandemic restrictions can boost the intention to travel abroad.The concerns and desires of different age groups for overseas travel need different responses.This study reveals the factors affecting Chinese outbound travel intentions and provides suggestions for the recovery of tourism in the post-COVID period.展开更多
Based on panel data of 17 economies in the G20 from 1995 to 2014,this paper,in terms of the total samples,developed countries and developing countries,explored the impact of national income on outbound tourism and the...Based on panel data of 17 economies in the G20 from 1995 to 2014,this paper,in terms of the total samples,developed countries and developing countries,explored the impact of national income on outbound tourism and the moderating effect of institutional change on the relationship between national income and outbound tourism.The results showed that:(1)for the total samples,developed countries and developing countries,national income had a positive impact on outbound tourism;(2)for the total samples and developing countries,institutional change had a positive moderating effect on national income and outbound tourism,indicating that with the deepening of marketization,the facilitating role of national income on outbound tourism strengthened;(3)for developed countries,institutional change had a negative moderating effect on national income and outbound tourism,indicating that with the deepening of marketization,the facilitating role of national income on outbound tourism weakened.展开更多
Leisure travel was the most common reason that young luxury travelers ventured abroad.In the past year,although the growth rate of the Chinese economy has slowed down,the impact of a steadily growing number of high ne...Leisure travel was the most common reason that young luxury travelers ventured abroad.In the past year,although the growth rate of the Chinese economy has slowed down,the impact of a steadily growing number of high net-worth individuals witnessed over 120 million Chinese citizens traveling abroad,of which,70 million were tourists.According to statistics from the International展开更多
In recent years,the exuberant phenomenon of Chinese residents leaving the country shopping has caused much attention in academic circles.Applying game theory,from the supply-side not the demandside interpreting outbou...In recent years,the exuberant phenomenon of Chinese residents leaving the country shopping has caused much attention in academic circles.Applying game theory,from the supply-side not the demandside interpreting outbound consumption boom,it is the addition of brand value and reputation guarantee,as a result,the middle-and high-end consumers in our country are more willing to go abroad to purchase well-known foreign brand products,not to purchase domestic products with low prices,and not to favor the high domestic prices of foreign brands.Therefore,to guide the overseas consumption backflow of middleand high-income families,we need to implement supply-side structural reform such as strengthening the brand construction of national enterprises,attaching importance to scientific research input and human capital accumulation.展开更多
The national image is multi-dimensional, outbound tourism is one of the most intuitive ways. The outbound tourism behavior of Individual citizen is not only considered as the outward manifestation of individual civil ...The national image is multi-dimensional, outbound tourism is one of the most intuitive ways. The outbound tourism behavior of Individual citizen is not only considered as the outward manifestation of individual civil quality, but also considered as the emblem the quality of all citizens of whole country, affects the national image, related to the country＇s national influence and credibility. The outbound tourism of Chinese citizens brought about the rapid growth of the enormous economic benefits and influence, which makes the outbound tourism behavior of Chinese citizens gotten more concern. The uncivilized outbound tourism behavior of Chinese citizens are frequent, which brings extremely strong damage, and which serious impact on the healthy image about the Ancient civilization and the country of ceremonies of China, and which greatly restricts the spread of a good national image of China. Based on the analysis about the characteristics of rapid growth outbound tourism of Chinese citizens, this paper discusses the approaches of current Chinese national image shaping, put forward that China must strengthen citizen education, and improve relevant laws and regulations, and strengthen supervision, only then might Chinese citizens outbound tourism uncivilized behavior be prevented from the root.展开更多
The source from MOC (Ministry of Commerce) releases that China’s outbound investment hit $6,920 million in 2005, rising by 53.6% while there were 1,067 new Chinese overseas operations as approved by MOC in 2005, 28.7...The source from MOC (Ministry of Commerce) releases that China’s outbound investment hit $6,920 million in 2005, rising by 53.6% while there were 1,067 new Chinese overseas operations as approved by MOC in 2005, 28.7% up as against its previous year. By the end of last year, China’s total direct investment abroad had stacked up to $51.7 billion.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52131202)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.Y21E080079)the Center for Balance Architecture,Zhejiang University,China.
文摘The COVID-19 pandemic has devastated global tourism and recovery is proceeding very slowly.For many countries,tourism served as a major economic sector,so investigating how to recover is essential.As China was the largest source of outbound travelers before the outbreak,study of the factors influencing Chinese intentions to travel overseas in the post-COVID era is revealing.In Apr.2022,among seven provinces(or cities)with the most outbound tourists from 2019 to 2021,2450 individuals responded to a questionnaire on daily mobility,tourism experiences,and the shifts due to the pandemic.Light gradient boosting machine(LightGBM),a robust ensemble learning method,was adopted to quantify and visualize the impact of explanatory factors on outbound travel intention.In addition,the Optuna mechanism and Shapley additive explanation(SHAP)instruments were employed for tuning hyperparameters and interpreting results,respectively.Findings suggest neither one-day nor multi-day tours have resumed to pre-COVID levels.Higher frequency of multi-day tours with further destinations,less car utilization in daily shopping trips,and moderate pandemic restrictions can boost the intention to travel abroad.The concerns and desires of different age groups for overseas travel need different responses.This study reveals the factors affecting Chinese outbound travel intentions and provides suggestions for the recovery of tourism in the post-COVID period.
基金Sponsored by Social Science Planning Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2016NDB026)Scientific Research Project in Colleges and Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(NJSY17019)High-Level Talent Start-up Project of Inner Mongolia University(20500-5165138)
文摘Based on panel data of 17 economies in the G20 from 1995 to 2014,this paper,in terms of the total samples,developed countries and developing countries,explored the impact of national income on outbound tourism and the moderating effect of institutional change on the relationship between national income and outbound tourism.The results showed that:(1)for the total samples,developed countries and developing countries,national income had a positive impact on outbound tourism;(2)for the total samples and developing countries,institutional change had a positive moderating effect on national income and outbound tourism,indicating that with the deepening of marketization,the facilitating role of national income on outbound tourism strengthened;(3)for developed countries,institutional change had a negative moderating effect on national income and outbound tourism,indicating that with the deepening of marketization,the facilitating role of national income on outbound tourism weakened.
文摘Leisure travel was the most common reason that young luxury travelers ventured abroad.In the past year,although the growth rate of the Chinese economy has slowed down,the impact of a steadily growing number of high net-worth individuals witnessed over 120 million Chinese citizens traveling abroad,of which,70 million were tourists.According to statistics from the International
文摘In recent years,the exuberant phenomenon of Chinese residents leaving the country shopping has caused much attention in academic circles.Applying game theory,from the supply-side not the demandside interpreting outbound consumption boom,it is the addition of brand value and reputation guarantee,as a result,the middle-and high-end consumers in our country are more willing to go abroad to purchase well-known foreign brand products,not to purchase domestic products with low prices,and not to favor the high domestic prices of foreign brands.Therefore,to guide the overseas consumption backflow of middleand high-income families,we need to implement supply-side structural reform such as strengthening the brand construction of national enterprises,attaching importance to scientific research input and human capital accumulation.
文摘The national image is multi-dimensional, outbound tourism is one of the most intuitive ways. The outbound tourism behavior of Individual citizen is not only considered as the outward manifestation of individual civil quality, but also considered as the emblem the quality of all citizens of whole country, affects the national image, related to the country＇s national influence and credibility. The outbound tourism of Chinese citizens brought about the rapid growth of the enormous economic benefits and influence, which makes the outbound tourism behavior of Chinese citizens gotten more concern. The uncivilized outbound tourism behavior of Chinese citizens are frequent, which brings extremely strong damage, and which serious impact on the healthy image about the Ancient civilization and the country of ceremonies of China, and which greatly restricts the spread of a good national image of China. Based on the analysis about the characteristics of rapid growth outbound tourism of Chinese citizens, this paper discusses the approaches of current Chinese national image shaping, put forward that China must strengthen citizen education, and improve relevant laws and regulations, and strengthen supervision, only then might Chinese citizens outbound tourism uncivilized behavior be prevented from the root.
文摘The source from MOC (Ministry of Commerce) releases that China’s outbound investment hit $6,920 million in 2005, rising by 53.6% while there were 1,067 new Chinese overseas operations as approved by MOC in 2005, 28.7% up as against its previous year. By the end of last year, China’s total direct investment abroad had stacked up to $51.7 billion.
