The pathological changes of hemocytes in the haemolymph and hepatopancreas were examined in experimentally and naturally WSSV(white spot syndrome virus) infected Fenneropenaeus chinensis. The results showed that the p...The pathological changes of hemocytes in the haemolymph and hepatopancreas were examined in experimentally and naturally WSSV(white spot syndrome virus) infected Fenneropenaeus chinensis. The results showed that the pathological manifesta-tions of hemocytes were similar among moribund shrimps infected via injection,feeding and by nature. Firstly,the total hemocyte counts(THCs) in WSSV-infected shrimp were significantly lower than those in healthy shrimp. Secondly,necrotic,broken and dis-integrated cells were often observed,and a typical hematolysis was present in the haemolymph smear of WSSV-infected shrimp. Thirdly,necrosis and typical apoptosis of hemocytes were detected with TEM in the peripheral haemolymph of WSSV-infected shrimp. Hyalinocytes and semi-granulocytes with masses of WSSVs in their nuclei often appeared,whereas no granular hemocytes with WSSV were found in the hepatopancreas of moribund infected shrimps. All our results supported that hemocytes were the main target cells of WSSV,and hyalinocytes and semigranular hemocytes seemed to be more favorable for WSSV infection in F. chinensis.展开更多
Using the mRNA from the fruit of Cara Cara as the template, the cDNA of phytoene synthase （PSY） gene was amplified by reverse transcription polymerse chain reaction （RT-PCR）. Sequence analysis indicated that the c...Using the mRNA from the fruit of Cara Cara as the template, the cDNA of phytoene synthase （PSY） gene was amplified by reverse transcription polymerse chain reaction （RT-PCR）. Sequence analysis indicated that the cDNA was of 1 520 bp, which had an open reading frame of 1 308 bp and encoded a protein of 436 amino acids. The homology analysis showed that PSY of Cara Cara shared high similarities of nucleotides and deduced amino acids with those in other plants up to more than 75 and 70%, respectively. A putative signal transit peptide for plastid targeting was found in the N-terminal region of PSY. The mature forms of PSY included a transmembrane （TM） domain. The recombinant plasmid pET-CitPSY was constructed by subcloning the full coding sequence of PSY cDNA into pET-28 （＋）. After transformation of E. coli BL21 and induced by 1 mmol L^-1 isopropyl-β-D-thiogalacropyranoside （IPTG）, the fusion protein （6× His-PSY） with 52 kD was produced at a high level by prokaryotic expression system. The results of Western blot demonstrated that the fusion protein （6× His-PSY） could be recognized by anti-6 × His monoclonal antibody. The study could establish a basis for molecular improvement of Citrus fruit colors.展开更多
In-vitro callus induction and regeneration method was developed using different plant growth regulators (PGRs), and basal media (Murashige and Skoog (MS), CHU (N6) and Gamborg (B5) media) of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbec...In-vitro callus induction and regeneration method was developed using different plant growth regulators (PGRs), and basal media (Murashige and Skoog (MS), CHU (N6) and Gamborg (B5) media) of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck. Observations of the effect of PGRs were carried out using different concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D),1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and combinations of 2,4-D and NAA using different basal media. This study found Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck exhibited a high frequency of callus induction on MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/L 2,4-D and callus induction frequency was 86.7% ± 3.4% whereas N6 and B5 showed lower callus induction frequency of 83.3% ± 8.8% and 82.2% ± 1.9% respectively compared to that of MS media with supplementation of the same hormone. Among the induced calli, the morphological analysis showed only 40% - 50% was embryogenic calli. Regeneration of plantlets from calli was done using different concentrations and combinations of auxin and cytokinin. The study showed that 3 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) supplemented medium has the maximum potential to promote regeneration of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck from embryogenic calli with the frequency of 89.3% ± 8.8% but no regeneration occurred from the non-embryogenic calli. The regenerated plantlets were rooted on MS medium with supplementation of 5 mg/l NAA. These observations in Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck regeneration will be helpful for genetic improvement with desired traits.展开更多
Fertilization is essential for high yield and quality in Chinese herbs.Grona styracifolia(Osbeck)H.Ohashi,a distinctive medicinal plant in the Lingnan region,currently encounters cultivation issues stemming from the o...Fertilization is essential for high yield and quality in Chinese herbs.Grona styracifolia(Osbeck)H.Ohashi,a distinctive medicinal plant in the Lingnan region,currently encounters cultivation issues stemming from the overuse of chemical fertilizers.Adopting organic and microbial fertilizers presents a sustainable solution for its cultivation management.This study compared a no-fertilization control group with eight treatment groups using various concentrations of compound,organic,compound microbial,and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fertilizers to evaluate their effects on G.styracifolia and soil microbial communities.The results demonstrated that the different fertilization treatments significantly enhanced plant growth and quality of G.styracifolia,while also increasing the activity of soil enzymes such as urease,invertase,and cellulase,as well as the levels of effective soil nutrients.Comprehensive affiliation function analysis demonstrated that applying Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fertilizer(15 g/kg)exhibited optimal performance in enhancing the growth of G.styracifolia and improving soil fertility parameters.Microbial sequencing of the soil indicated that under the application of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fertilizer(15 g/kg),the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Ascomycota increased significantly by 27.42%and 74.91%,respectively(p<0.05).The application of microbial-based fertilizers significantly enriched the abundance of Mortierellomycota.Furthermore,LEfSe analysis identified distinct microbial biomarkers associated with different fertilizers.Additionally,redundancy analysis identified Invertase and available potassium(AK)as the primary drivers of soil bacterial and fungal community structures,respectively.This study demonstrated that the application of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fertilizer(15 g/kg)significantly enhanced soil fertility and restructured microbial communities.These improvements led to increased yield and quality of G.styracifolia,providing a scientific foundation for sustainable cultivation.展开更多
The developmental types of secretory cavities in Citrus remain unclear and whether or not programmed cell death is involved in the developmental process of secretory cavities remains an enigma.Regarding cavity formati...The developmental types of secretory cavities in Citrus remain unclear and whether or not programmed cell death is involved in the developmental process of secretory cavities remains an enigma.Regarding cavity formation in Citrus sinensis fruits,this work uncovered novel evidence to delineate secretory cavity formation in schizolysigeny,supporting the possibility of utilizing secretory cavities as a new cell biology model for investigating the molecular mechanism of plant programmed cell death.展开更多
文摘The pathological changes of hemocytes in the haemolymph and hepatopancreas were examined in experimentally and naturally WSSV(white spot syndrome virus) infected Fenneropenaeus chinensis. The results showed that the pathological manifesta-tions of hemocytes were similar among moribund shrimps infected via injection,feeding and by nature. Firstly,the total hemocyte counts(THCs) in WSSV-infected shrimp were significantly lower than those in healthy shrimp. Secondly,necrotic,broken and dis-integrated cells were often observed,and a typical hematolysis was present in the haemolymph smear of WSSV-infected shrimp. Thirdly,necrosis and typical apoptosis of hemocytes were detected with TEM in the peripheral haemolymph of WSSV-infected shrimp. Hyalinocytes and semi-granulocytes with masses of WSSVs in their nuclei often appeared,whereas no granular hemocytes with WSSV were found in the hepatopancreas of moribund infected shrimps. All our results supported that hemocytes were the main target cells of WSSV,and hyalinocytes and semigranular hemocytes seemed to be more favorable for WSSV infection in F. chinensis.
文摘Using the mRNA from the fruit of Cara Cara as the template, the cDNA of phytoene synthase （PSY） gene was amplified by reverse transcription polymerse chain reaction （RT-PCR）. Sequence analysis indicated that the cDNA was of 1 520 bp, which had an open reading frame of 1 308 bp and encoded a protein of 436 amino acids. The homology analysis showed that PSY of Cara Cara shared high similarities of nucleotides and deduced amino acids with those in other plants up to more than 75 and 70%, respectively. A putative signal transit peptide for plastid targeting was found in the N-terminal region of PSY. The mature forms of PSY included a transmembrane （TM） domain. The recombinant plasmid pET-CitPSY was constructed by subcloning the full coding sequence of PSY cDNA into pET-28 （＋）. After transformation of E. coli BL21 and induced by 1 mmol L^-1 isopropyl-β-D-thiogalacropyranoside （IPTG）, the fusion protein （6× His-PSY） with 52 kD was produced at a high level by prokaryotic expression system. The results of Western blot demonstrated that the fusion protein （6× His-PSY） could be recognized by anti-6 × His monoclonal antibody. The study could establish a basis for molecular improvement of Citrus fruit colors.
文摘In-vitro callus induction and regeneration method was developed using different plant growth regulators (PGRs), and basal media (Murashige and Skoog (MS), CHU (N6) and Gamborg (B5) media) of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck. Observations of the effect of PGRs were carried out using different concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D),1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and combinations of 2,4-D and NAA using different basal media. This study found Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck exhibited a high frequency of callus induction on MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/L 2,4-D and callus induction frequency was 86.7% ± 3.4% whereas N6 and B5 showed lower callus induction frequency of 83.3% ± 8.8% and 82.2% ± 1.9% respectively compared to that of MS media with supplementation of the same hormone. Among the induced calli, the morphological analysis showed only 40% - 50% was embryogenic calli. Regeneration of plantlets from calli was done using different concentrations and combinations of auxin and cytokinin. The study showed that 3 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) supplemented medium has the maximum potential to promote regeneration of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck from embryogenic calli with the frequency of 89.3% ± 8.8% but no regeneration occurred from the non-embryogenic calli. The regenerated plantlets were rooted on MS medium with supplementation of 5 mg/l NAA. These observations in Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck regeneration will be helpful for genetic improvement with desired traits.
基金funded by Traditional Chinese Medicine Bureau of Guangdong Province Project(20215007)TraditionalChineseMedicine Bureau OfGuangdong Province Project(20232088)+1 种基金Agricultural and Rural Department of Guangdong Province Project(156012)Guangdong Rural Science and Technology Commissioner Project(KTP20210111).
文摘Fertilization is essential for high yield and quality in Chinese herbs.Grona styracifolia(Osbeck)H.Ohashi,a distinctive medicinal plant in the Lingnan region,currently encounters cultivation issues stemming from the overuse of chemical fertilizers.Adopting organic and microbial fertilizers presents a sustainable solution for its cultivation management.This study compared a no-fertilization control group with eight treatment groups using various concentrations of compound,organic,compound microbial,and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fertilizers to evaluate their effects on G.styracifolia and soil microbial communities.The results demonstrated that the different fertilization treatments significantly enhanced plant growth and quality of G.styracifolia,while also increasing the activity of soil enzymes such as urease,invertase,and cellulase,as well as the levels of effective soil nutrients.Comprehensive affiliation function analysis demonstrated that applying Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fertilizer(15 g/kg)exhibited optimal performance in enhancing the growth of G.styracifolia and improving soil fertility parameters.Microbial sequencing of the soil indicated that under the application of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fertilizer(15 g/kg),the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Ascomycota increased significantly by 27.42%and 74.91%,respectively(p<0.05).The application of microbial-based fertilizers significantly enriched the abundance of Mortierellomycota.Furthermore,LEfSe analysis identified distinct microbial biomarkers associated with different fertilizers.Additionally,redundancy analysis identified Invertase and available potassium(AK)as the primary drivers of soil bacterial and fungal community structures,respectively.This study demonstrated that the application of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fertilizer(15 g/kg)significantly enhanced soil fertility and restructured microbial communities.These improvements led to increased yield and quality of G.styracifolia,providing a scientific foundation for sustainable cultivation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30670119)
文摘The developmental types of secretory cavities in Citrus remain unclear and whether or not programmed cell death is involved in the developmental process of secretory cavities remains an enigma.Regarding cavity formation in Citrus sinensis fruits,this work uncovered novel evidence to delineate secretory cavity formation in schizolysigeny,supporting the possibility of utilizing secretory cavities as a new cell biology model for investigating the molecular mechanism of plant programmed cell death.
