A novel nanomagnetic organogel was synthesized by in situ emulsion polymerization-crosslinking method using dodecyl methacrylate(DDMA) and styrene(St) as monomers, divinylbenzene(DVB) as a crosslinking agent, azobisis...A novel nanomagnetic organogel was synthesized by in situ emulsion polymerization-crosslinking method using dodecyl methacrylate(DDMA) and styrene(St) as monomers, divinylbenzene(DVB) as a crosslinking agent, azobisisobutyronitrile(AIBN) as an initiator, and Fe_3O_4 as a nanomagnetic particle. Modification of the network was carried out by inclusion of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNT) into the organogel matrix. The structure of the nanocomposite was characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, SEM,TEM, TGA/DTG, VSM, and BET analysis. The effects of various parameters such as the amount of crosslinker, initiator, Fe_3O_4, and reaction time as well as monomer ratio on the oil absorption of the organogel were studied. The synthesized organogel can absorb about35.5, 22.1, 29.86, 14.58, 17.6, 15.3, and 13.7 g·g^(-1) of CHCl_3, toluene, CH_2Cl_2, hexane, crude oil, gasoline, and diesel oil, under the optimized polymerization conditions, respectively. The nanocomposite organogels can be easily separated by a magnetic field after absorption of organic solvents.展开更多
Fluorescent supramolecular nucleoside-based organogels or hydrogels have attracted increasing attention owing to their tunable stability,drug delivery,tissue engineering,and inherent biocompatibility for applications ...Fluorescent supramolecular nucleoside-based organogels or hydrogels have attracted increasing attention owing to their tunable stability,drug delivery,tissue engineering,and inherent biocompatibility for applications in designing sensors.As the temperature of a constant TPE-Octa-dU gelato r at MGC as low as 0.2 wt%was increased with gel to sol transition,a progressive decrease in the fluorescence intensity was observed.~1 H NMR study in ethanol-d_(6)/H_(2)O revealed the existence of intermolecular hydrogen-bond interaction between uridine nucleobase and triazole moieties.Based on these experiments,thus organogels induced by hydrogen bonding can promote an aggregation-induced emission(AIE)of TPE moiety.Thermoreversible gelation properties have been investigated systematically,including AIE-shapemorphing architecture owing to their unique solid-liquid interface and easy processability.At the same line,the related TPE-EdU derivative which was synthesized from 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine does not delive r organogels or hydrogels,a nd under similar circumstances TPE moiety of TPE-EdU does not efficiently exhibit AIE phenomenon either.展开更多
A new method to fabricate metal/conducting polymer composite nanowires is presented by taking silver/polypyrrole composite nanowires as an example. A silver （D-coordinated organogel as template was prepared firstly, ...A new method to fabricate metal/conducting polymer composite nanowires is presented by taking silver/polypyrrole composite nanowires as an example. A silver （D-coordinated organogel as template was prepared firstly, and redox-polymerization of pyrrole took place on the gel fiber, giving product of silver/polypyrrole nanowires. The silver/polypyrrole nanowires were characterized by multiple techniques. This strategy could be carried out in one-step procedure at room temperature, and it proves the utility of coordinated organogels in template synthesis of polymer nanostructures.展开更多
In this work, we investigated the effect of hydrophobic interactions between the polymeric backbone and chain-end groups on the self-assembly pathway of stearoyl appended side-chain valine（Val）-based poly（methacryl...In this work, we investigated the effect of hydrophobic interactions between the polymeric backbone and chain-end groups on the self-assembly pathway of stearoyl appended side-chain valine（Val）-based poly（methacrylate/acrylate） homopolymers in different organic hydrocarbons. Gelation studies conducted revealed that while polymers with polyacrylate as backbone induces gelation in several organic hydrocarbons, polymers with polymethacrylate in the main-chain significantly hinders macroscopic gelation. Morphology of the organogels was analysed by field emission scanning electron microscopy（FESEM）, and mechanical strengths of the organogels were determined by rheological measurements. Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer（RAFT） polymerization chain transfer agents（CTA）s, [R1―S―C=（S）―S―R2] with different ―R1 and ―R2 groups, have been employed to study the effect of structural variation at the chain-end on macroscopic assembly mechanism. We found that the additional interactions between terminal groups via hydrogenbonding or π-π stacking interactions or both help to build up the self-assembly pathway and thereby produces mechanically stable organogels.展开更多
Four coumarin derivatives（4a-4d） with different alkoxy chains were synthesized. It was found that compound 4d showed a better gelation ability than the other compounds, for example, it could self-assemble into organ...Four coumarin derivatives（4a-4d） with different alkoxy chains were synthesized. It was found that compound 4d showed a better gelation ability than the other compounds, for example, it could self-assemble into organogels in various organic fluids via ultrasound treatment or heating-cooling process, whereas compound 4c could only gel in a few mixed solvents and compounds 4a, 4b could not form organogel. The results from fluorescent and FT-IR spectra indicate that π-π interaction had an effect on the formation of the organogels of compound 4d besides H-bonding and van der Waals interaction, which were the driving forces for the self-assembling of compound 4c in gel state. The gel of compound 4d in toluene could emit strong fluorescence under UV irradiation and the [2＋2] cyclo-addition was suggested by ^1H NMR and fluorescence spectroscopy. This light-sensitive organogel might find application in optical materials.展开更多
In the present study,gel formulations of organogels,hydrogels,and oleo-hydrogel(bigels)were evaluated as transdermal drug delivery systems for diltiazem HCL(DH).Organogels were prepared using soya-bean oil(SO)as a sol...In the present study,gel formulations of organogels,hydrogels,and oleo-hydrogel(bigels)were evaluated as transdermal drug delivery systems for diltiazem HCL(DH).Organogels were prepared using soya-bean oil(SO)as a solvent and span 60(Sp 60),cetyl alcohol(CA)or lecithinpluronic(PLO)as organogelators without and with different surfactants(2%w/w)namely span 80(Sp80),tween 20(T20)and tween 80(T80).On the other hand,hydrogels were formulated using Hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose(HPMC)polymer and bigels were prepared by mixing organogels with HPMC hydrogels.The prepared gels were analyzed microscopically,thermally by DTA and for pH,and viscosity.The effect of gelator used,surfactant types and pH of the sink on DH release from cellophane membrane was investigated.In addition,the DH permeability across the rabbit skin was evaluated.Finally,the in vivo performance of various gel formulationswas assessed based on the hypotensive effects of the drug using hypertensive albino male rat models.The microscopical analysis indicated that the solid fibers formed by gelator particles form the backbone of the organogels while bigels appeared as emulsion like.The addition of surfactants showed an increase in organogel viscosity.The thermal analysis of organogels indicated that the drug present in amorphous not in crystalline form.The release studies indicated that DH release from organogels,hydrogels and bigels could be controlled.The included surfactants decreased the DH release and permeation from organogels compared to those without surfactants using either Sp60 or CA.HPMC hydrogel and Bigels showed higher DH release and permeation rates when compared to organogels.The percent DH released in different pH values was in the following descending order:pH5.5>pH1.2>pH6.8>pH7.4.The in vivo antihypertensive activity of DH using different transdermal gels is arranged as following:hydrogels>PLO organogel>bigel>Sp 60 organogel.展开更多
A phase-selective,bis-urea organogelator with a curved bis-naphthalene core was synthesized and characterized.This gelator is capable of gelating a variety of hydrocarbons and oils.The resulting gels have been charact...A phase-selective,bis-urea organogelator with a curved bis-naphthalene core was synthesized and characterized.This gelator is capable of gelating a variety of hydrocarbons and oils.The resulting gels have been characterized by rheology,SEM,and molecular modelling.The gelator can be applied in the powder form for the recovery of a thin layer of petrol oil spill in water.展开更多
Owing to their inherent semi-solid property and lubricant ability,organogels manifest various unique characteristics and serve as promising candidates for antifouling.However,the poor mechanical properties of organoge...Owing to their inherent semi-solid property and lubricant ability,organogels manifest various unique characteristics and serve as promising candidates for antifouling.However,the poor mechanical properties of organogels often limit their practical applications.Herein,we report a simple and effective method to prepare organogels with reinforced mechanical performance and surface lubricant ability with the synergistic roles played by oleophobic and oleophilic chains.The rigid oleophobic chains have a poor affinity to lubricating solvent,which gives rise to high oleophobic interactions between polymer networks;the soft oleophilic chains possess a high affinity to the low surface energy solvent,which lead to high solvent content to maintain the satisfactory lubricant capacity.The organogel of oleophobic methyl methacrylate(MMA)and oleophilic lauryl methacrylate(LMA)is chosen as a representative example to illustrate this concept.With the optimal composition,the as-prepared organogels offer satisfactory tensile fracture stress,fracture strain,Young’s modulus,toughness,and tearing fracture energy of 480 k Pa,550%,202 k Pa,1.14 MJ m,and 5.14 k J m,respectively,which are far beyond the classical PLMA organogels.Furthermore,the biofouling resistance tests demonstrate 4 to 9-fold reduction of protein and bacteria adhesion on the reinforced organogels surface in comparison to the glass substrate and solvent-free dry organogels.This simple and effective approach to toughen organogels,we hope,can be applied in various fields with different practical functional requirements in the future.展开更多
<div style="text-align:justify;"> An organogelator named N-[3-(hydroxy)-4-(dodecyloxy)-benzoyl]-N’ (4’-nitro-benzoyl) hydrazide (D12) was synthesized. It could form stable gels in some of the tested ...<div style="text-align:justify;"> An organogelator named N-[3-(hydroxy)-4-(dodecyloxy)-benzoyl]-N’ (4’-nitro-benzoyl) hydrazide (D12) was synthesized. It could form stable gels in some of the tested organic solvent. SEM images revealed that the molecules self- assembled into fibrous aggregates in the xerogels. The X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the xerogel exhibited a layered structure. FT-IR studies confirmed that intermolecular hydrogen bonding between C=O and N-H groups was the major driving force for gelation of organic solvents. The gel exhibited gel-sol transition and color change upon addition of F<span style="font-size:10px;"><sup>- </sup></span>. An extended conjugated system formed through the phenyl group and a five-membered ring based on intramolecular hydro-gen bonding between the oxygen atom near the deprotonation nitrogen atom and the other NH, which is responsible for the dramatic color change upon addition of <span style="text-align:justify;white-space:normal;">F</span><span style="font-size:10px;text-align:justify;white-space:normal;"><sup>- </sup></span>. </div>展开更多
Aggregation-induced emission-active 4-（3,4,5-bis（octyloxy）phenyl-9-anthracene acylhydrazone （AHP- T8） has been designed and synthesized, and the photo-responsive properties of organogel and xerogel irradiated by ...Aggregation-induced emission-active 4-（3,4,5-bis（octyloxy）phenyl-9-anthracene acylhydrazone （AHP- T8） has been designed and synthesized, and the photo-responsive properties of organogel and xerogel irradiated by visible light were investigated systematically. AHP-T8 can form thermo-reversible gels in some of the tested solvents. The enhanced fluorescence emission has been observed after gelation although the dilute solution of AHP-T8 was almost non-fluorescent. When the organogel was exposed under visible light, the gel-sol phase transition occurred, and the corresponding morphology, fluorescence intensity, intermolecular hydrogen bonding and the structure all changed. In addition, the xerogel is more sensitive to visible light than that of organogel. The photoresponsive behaviour of AHP-T8 upon irradiation by visible light was demonstrated to be due to the E-Z isomerizations of -C=N-group. rather than the photodimerization of anthracene groups展开更多
Supramolecular organogels were highly promising matrices for triplet-triplet annihilation-based upconversion(TTA-UC),but the dispersion and diffusion of the UC components were greatly relied on the microscopically int...Supramolecular organogels were highly promising matrices for triplet-triplet annihilation-based upconversion(TTA-UC),but the dispersion and diffusion of the UC components were greatly relied on the microscopically interconnected solution phase in gels.Herein,12-hydroxystearic acid(CA)and its derivatives with different alkyl chain(CA3,CA4,CA6 and CA8)were synthesized as low-molecular-weight gelators(LMMGs),and D-1 with CA attached on DPA unit was synthesized as annihilator.It was found that by co-assembling D-1 with the LMMGs,the DPA units were uniformly dispersed in the gel network regardless of whether there was a solvent or not.By chemically tuning LMMGs to optimize the morphologies of organogels,the DPA units were orderly arranged in the gel network,and showing efficient UC emission in CA,CA3,and CA8 which showed more regular morphologies.UC quantum yield of up to 13.4%(out of 50%maximum)was achieved in CA3 organogel.Moreover,when all solvents were removed from the organogels,D-1 also showed significant UC emissions,which was more than 6-fold higher than that of DPA,indicating that co-assembling the annihilator with the matrix to achieve an order arrangement presented an efficient strategy towards efficient TTA-UC in solid state.展开更多
Covalent triazine frameworks(CTFs),known as highly conjugated layered solids,have garnered significant interest due to their distinctive structural and property characteristics.However,the exfoliation of CTF solids to...Covalent triazine frameworks(CTFs),known as highly conjugated layered solids,have garnered significant interest due to their distinctive structural and property characteristics.However,the exfoliation of CTF solids towards nanoCTFs in high yields is currently inadequate and inefficient,limiting their utility.This study presents the design and synthesis of CTFs containing non-crystalline regions and their random stacks using a methyl-containing nitrile monomer.Incorporating in-plane methyl groups enhances the polarity of CTFs and disrupts layered interactions,facilitating smooth exfoliation under competing solvent-layer interactions and producing nanocolloids in dilute dispersions.Furthermore,CTFs can rapidly disperse in DMF at a high concentration,enabling the formation of CTF organogel for the first time.Additionally,the designed CTF nanocolloids allow for the first simple physical modification of carbon nanotubes.The assembly,associated with conjugated features,enables the fabrication of CTF/carbon nanotube organogel.展开更多
Self-healing hydrogels utilize inherent intermolecular forces to autonomously heal physical damage resulting from excessive strain,pressure,or tearing.Applying these materials in soft robotics and tissue engineering c...Self-healing hydrogels utilize inherent intermolecular forces to autonomously heal physical damage resulting from excessive strain,pressure,or tearing.Applying these materials in soft robotics and tissue engineering could be beneficial.On the other hand,their efficacy in stretchable and mechanically resistant circuits is hindered by their limited electrical conductivity.展开更多
Herein,we present a facile strategy to prepare versatile aluminum oxide subnanometer nanosheets with oleic acid and stearic acid ligands(OA-Al SNSs and SA-Al SNSs,respectively).The size effect endows subnanosheets wit...Herein,we present a facile strategy to prepare versatile aluminum oxide subnanometer nanosheets with oleic acid and stearic acid ligands(OA-Al SNSs and SA-Al SNSs,respectively).The size effect endows subnanosheets with abundant acting sites,remarkable intermolecular interactions,and unique polymer-like properties,including flexibility,viscoelasticity,and sol-gel transitions,which is quite different from traditional inorganic materials.Consequently,subnanosheets could form freestanding organogels and OA-Al SNSs exhibit satisfying semisolidification of various solvents,making it an intriguing candidate for the safe storage and transportation of solvents.Furthermore,SA-Al SNSs exhibit excellent adhesive properties of high strength on diverse substrates,and it is easy to erase it without any damage,demonstrating the promising prospects in practical applications.展开更多
A series of p-alkoxylbenzamides featuring a long alkyl chain have been synthesized and are readily to form stable gels in a variety of organic solvents. Their selfassembly properties and structure-property relationshi...A series of p-alkoxylbenzamides featuring a long alkyl chain have been synthesized and are readily to form stable gels in a variety of organic solvents. Their selfassembly properties and structure-property relationship were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, IH nuclear magnetic resonance, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The gels formed were multi-responsive to environmental stimuli such as temperature and fluoride anion. The results show that a combination of hydrogen bonding, n-n stacking and van der Waals interaction result in the aggregation of palkoxylbenzamides to form three-dimension networks, depending on the length of the long alkyl chain.展开更多
Low-molecular-weight organogels(LMOG) have been attracting a surge interest in fabricating soft materials.Although the finding of the gelator molecules has been developed from serendipity to objective design,the achie...Low-molecular-weight organogels(LMOG) have been attracting a surge interest in fabricating soft materials.Although the finding of the gelator molecules has been developed from serendipity to objective design,the achievement of the gelator molecules still needs good design and tedious organic synthesis.In this paper,we proposed a simple and general mixing approach to get the organogel for nearly all the organic compounds and even soluble nanoparticles without any modification.We have designed a universal gelator molecule,which forms organogels with more than 40 kinds of organic solvents from aploar to polar solvents.More interestingly,when other organic compounds or even nanomaterials,which are soluble in certain organic solvents,are mixed with this gelator molecule,they can form organogels no matter whether the individual compounds could form organogel or not.This method is applicable to nearly all kinds of soluble organic compounds and opens an efficient and universal way to fabricate gel materials.展开更多
Smart flexible electronics with underwater motion detection have become a promising research aspect in intelligent perception.Inspired by the strong adaptability of marine creatures to complex underwater environments,...Smart flexible electronics with underwater motion detection have become a promising research aspect in intelligent perception.Inspired by the strong adaptability of marine creatures to complex underwater environments,conventional biocompatible hydrogels are worth developing into organogels with preferred underwater adhesive properties,hydrophobic and antiswelling performance,and motion perception ability.Herein,a highly sensitive organogel sensor exhibiting good hydrophobicity,electromechanical properties,and adhesion properties was prepared for underwater utilization by regulating the chemical components and internal interactions.The synergistic effect of massive reversible noncovalent bonds ensures the organogel’s excellent underwater adhesion to multifarious substrates.Meanwhile,the interactions of hydrophobic conductive fillers and the dynamic hydrophobic associations in the organogel endow it with satisfactory hydrophobic performance(contact angle of111.8°)and antiswelling property(equilibrium swelling ratio of-31%after 15-day immersion).The fabricated flexible organogel strain sensor exhibits high sensitivity(gauge factor of1.96),ultrafast response rate(79.1 ms),low limit of detection(0.45 Pa),and excellent cyclic stability(1044 tensile cycles followed by 3981 compressive cycles).Results demonstrate the proposed organogel’s precise perception of sophisticated human motions in air and underwater,which expands its application scenarios.展开更多
Four 2,5-dialkoxylphenyl-l,3,4-oxadiazoles are shown to be efficient organogelators. These com- pounds readily form stable gels in many organic solvents and their gelation property as well as supramolecular structures...Four 2,5-dialkoxylphenyl-l,3,4-oxadiazoles are shown to be efficient organogelators. These com- pounds readily form stable gels in many organic solvents and their gelation property as well as supramolecular structures were investigated by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance （1H NMR）, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy （UV-vis）. The results indicate that the gelator molecules self-assemble into gels with elongated fibrous networks and layer structures, and van der Waals interaction is the main driving force.展开更多
文摘A novel nanomagnetic organogel was synthesized by in situ emulsion polymerization-crosslinking method using dodecyl methacrylate(DDMA) and styrene(St) as monomers, divinylbenzene(DVB) as a crosslinking agent, azobisisobutyronitrile(AIBN) as an initiator, and Fe_3O_4 as a nanomagnetic particle. Modification of the network was carried out by inclusion of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNT) into the organogel matrix. The structure of the nanocomposite was characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, SEM,TEM, TGA/DTG, VSM, and BET analysis. The effects of various parameters such as the amount of crosslinker, initiator, Fe_3O_4, and reaction time as well as monomer ratio on the oil absorption of the organogel were studied. The synthesized organogel can absorb about35.5, 22.1, 29.86, 14.58, 17.6, 15.3, and 13.7 g·g^(-1) of CHCl_3, toluene, CH_2Cl_2, hexane, crude oil, gasoline, and diesel oil, under the optimized polymerization conditions, respectively. The nanocomposite organogels can be easily separated by a magnetic field after absorption of organic solvents.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Commission of Shenzhen,China(Nos.KQJSCX20180328095517269 and JCYJ20170818143131729)。
文摘Fluorescent supramolecular nucleoside-based organogels or hydrogels have attracted increasing attention owing to their tunable stability,drug delivery,tissue engineering,and inherent biocompatibility for applications in designing sensors.As the temperature of a constant TPE-Octa-dU gelato r at MGC as low as 0.2 wt%was increased with gel to sol transition,a progressive decrease in the fluorescence intensity was observed.~1 H NMR study in ethanol-d_(6)/H_(2)O revealed the existence of intermolecular hydrogen-bond interaction between uridine nucleobase and triazole moieties.Based on these experiments,thus organogels induced by hydrogen bonding can promote an aggregation-induced emission(AIE)of TPE moiety.Thermoreversible gelation properties have been investigated systematically,including AIE-shapemorphing architecture owing to their unique solid-liquid interface and easy processability.At the same line,the related TPE-EdU derivative which was synthesized from 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine does not delive r organogels or hydrogels,a nd under similar circumstances TPE moiety of TPE-EdU does not efficiently exhibit AIE phenomenon either.
基金The financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.20574041 and 20874055)Hi-tech Research and Development Program(863 plan)of China(No.SQ2009AA06XK1482459)
文摘A new method to fabricate metal/conducting polymer composite nanowires is presented by taking silver/polypyrrole composite nanowires as an example. A silver （D-coordinated organogel as template was prepared firstly, and redox-polymerization of pyrrole took place on the gel fiber, giving product of silver/polypyrrole nanowires. The silver/polypyrrole nanowires were characterized by multiple techniques. This strategy could be carried out in one-step procedure at room temperature, and it proves the utility of coordinated organogels in template synthesis of polymer nanostructures.
基金Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Government of India, New Delhi, India, for financial support (Project: 02(0271)/16/EMR-II dated 02.12.2016)
文摘In this work, we investigated the effect of hydrophobic interactions between the polymeric backbone and chain-end groups on the self-assembly pathway of stearoyl appended side-chain valine（Val）-based poly（methacrylate/acrylate） homopolymers in different organic hydrocarbons. Gelation studies conducted revealed that while polymers with polyacrylate as backbone induces gelation in several organic hydrocarbons, polymers with polymethacrylate in the main-chain significantly hinders macroscopic gelation. Morphology of the organogels was analysed by field emission scanning electron microscopy（FESEM）, and mechanical strengths of the organogels were determined by rheological measurements. Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer（RAFT） polymerization chain transfer agents（CTA）s, [R1―S―C=（S）―S―R2] with different ―R1 and ―R2 groups, have been employed to study the effect of structural variation at the chain-end on macroscopic assembly mechanism. We found that the additional interactions between terminal groups via hydrogenbonding or π-π stacking interactions or both help to build up the self-assembly pathway and thereby produces mechanically stable organogels.
基金Sypported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20574027)Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University.
文摘Four coumarin derivatives（4a-4d） with different alkoxy chains were synthesized. It was found that compound 4d showed a better gelation ability than the other compounds, for example, it could self-assemble into organogels in various organic fluids via ultrasound treatment or heating-cooling process, whereas compound 4c could only gel in a few mixed solvents and compounds 4a, 4b could not form organogel. The results from fluorescent and FT-IR spectra indicate that π-π interaction had an effect on the formation of the organogels of compound 4d besides H-bonding and van der Waals interaction, which were the driving forces for the self-assembling of compound 4c in gel state. The gel of compound 4d in toluene could emit strong fluorescence under UV irradiation and the [2＋2] cyclo-addition was suggested by ^1H NMR and fluorescence spectroscopy. This light-sensitive organogel might find application in optical materials.
文摘In the present study,gel formulations of organogels,hydrogels,and oleo-hydrogel(bigels)were evaluated as transdermal drug delivery systems for diltiazem HCL(DH).Organogels were prepared using soya-bean oil(SO)as a solvent and span 60(Sp 60),cetyl alcohol(CA)or lecithinpluronic(PLO)as organogelators without and with different surfactants(2%w/w)namely span 80(Sp80),tween 20(T20)and tween 80(T80).On the other hand,hydrogels were formulated using Hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose(HPMC)polymer and bigels were prepared by mixing organogels with HPMC hydrogels.The prepared gels were analyzed microscopically,thermally by DTA and for pH,and viscosity.The effect of gelator used,surfactant types and pH of the sink on DH release from cellophane membrane was investigated.In addition,the DH permeability across the rabbit skin was evaluated.Finally,the in vivo performance of various gel formulationswas assessed based on the hypotensive effects of the drug using hypertensive albino male rat models.The microscopical analysis indicated that the solid fibers formed by gelator particles form the backbone of the organogels while bigels appeared as emulsion like.The addition of surfactants showed an increase in organogel viscosity.The thermal analysis of organogels indicated that the drug present in amorphous not in crystalline form.The release studies indicated that DH release from organogels,hydrogels and bigels could be controlled.The included surfactants decreased the DH release and permeation from organogels compared to those without surfactants using either Sp60 or CA.HPMC hydrogel and Bigels showed higher DH release and permeation rates when compared to organogels.The percent DH released in different pH values was in the following descending order:pH5.5>pH1.2>pH6.8>pH7.4.The in vivo antihypertensive activity of DH using different transdermal gels is arranged as following:hydrogels>PLO organogel>bigel>Sp 60 organogel.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21302090,21572097)South University of Science and Technology of Chinathe Shenzhen special funds for the development of biomedicine,internet,new energy,and new material industries(No. JCYJ20150331101823694)
文摘A phase-selective,bis-urea organogelator with a curved bis-naphthalene core was synthesized and characterized.This gelator is capable of gelating a variety of hydrocarbons and oils.The resulting gels have been characterized by rheology,SEM,and molecular modelling.The gelator can be applied in the powder form for the recovery of a thin layer of petrol oil spill in water.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.51903253,51879292)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China(No.2019A1515011150)。
文摘Owing to their inherent semi-solid property and lubricant ability,organogels manifest various unique characteristics and serve as promising candidates for antifouling.However,the poor mechanical properties of organogels often limit their practical applications.Herein,we report a simple and effective method to prepare organogels with reinforced mechanical performance and surface lubricant ability with the synergistic roles played by oleophobic and oleophilic chains.The rigid oleophobic chains have a poor affinity to lubricating solvent,which gives rise to high oleophobic interactions between polymer networks;the soft oleophilic chains possess a high affinity to the low surface energy solvent,which lead to high solvent content to maintain the satisfactory lubricant capacity.The organogel of oleophobic methyl methacrylate(MMA)and oleophilic lauryl methacrylate(LMA)is chosen as a representative example to illustrate this concept.With the optimal composition,the as-prepared organogels offer satisfactory tensile fracture stress,fracture strain,Young’s modulus,toughness,and tearing fracture energy of 480 k Pa,550%,202 k Pa,1.14 MJ m,and 5.14 k J m,respectively,which are far beyond the classical PLMA organogels.Furthermore,the biofouling resistance tests demonstrate 4 to 9-fold reduction of protein and bacteria adhesion on the reinforced organogels surface in comparison to the glass substrate and solvent-free dry organogels.This simple and effective approach to toughen organogels,we hope,can be applied in various fields with different practical functional requirements in the future.
文摘<div style="text-align:justify;"> An organogelator named N-[3-(hydroxy)-4-(dodecyloxy)-benzoyl]-N’ (4’-nitro-benzoyl) hydrazide (D12) was synthesized. It could form stable gels in some of the tested organic solvent. SEM images revealed that the molecules self- assembled into fibrous aggregates in the xerogels. The X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the xerogel exhibited a layered structure. FT-IR studies confirmed that intermolecular hydrogen bonding between C=O and N-H groups was the major driving force for gelation of organic solvents. The gel exhibited gel-sol transition and color change upon addition of F<span style="font-size:10px;"><sup>- </sup></span>. An extended conjugated system formed through the phenyl group and a five-membered ring based on intramolecular hydro-gen bonding between the oxygen atom near the deprotonation nitrogen atom and the other NH, which is responsible for the dramatic color change upon addition of <span style="text-align:justify;white-space:normal;">F</span><span style="font-size:10px;text-align:justify;white-space:normal;"><sup>- </sup></span>. </div>
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(No. 20170101112JC)Project 985-Automotive Engineering of Jilin University
文摘Aggregation-induced emission-active 4-（3,4,5-bis（octyloxy）phenyl-9-anthracene acylhydrazone （AHP- T8） has been designed and synthesized, and the photo-responsive properties of organogel and xerogel irradiated by visible light were investigated systematically. AHP-T8 can form thermo-reversible gels in some of the tested solvents. The enhanced fluorescence emission has been observed after gelation although the dilute solution of AHP-T8 was almost non-fluorescent. When the organogel was exposed under visible light, the gel-sol phase transition occurred, and the corresponding morphology, fluorescence intensity, intermolecular hydrogen bonding and the structure all changed. In addition, the xerogel is more sensitive to visible light than that of organogel. The photoresponsive behaviour of AHP-T8 upon irradiation by visible light was demonstrated to be due to the E-Z isomerizations of -C=N-group. rather than the photodimerization of anthracene groups
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22422108,22171194,22471182,22271201)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(20826041D4117).
文摘Supramolecular organogels were highly promising matrices for triplet-triplet annihilation-based upconversion(TTA-UC),but the dispersion and diffusion of the UC components were greatly relied on the microscopically interconnected solution phase in gels.Herein,12-hydroxystearic acid(CA)and its derivatives with different alkyl chain(CA3,CA4,CA6 and CA8)were synthesized as low-molecular-weight gelators(LMMGs),and D-1 with CA attached on DPA unit was synthesized as annihilator.It was found that by co-assembling D-1 with the LMMGs,the DPA units were uniformly dispersed in the gel network regardless of whether there was a solvent or not.By chemically tuning LMMGs to optimize the morphologies of organogels,the DPA units were orderly arranged in the gel network,and showing efficient UC emission in CA,CA3,and CA8 which showed more regular morphologies.UC quantum yield of up to 13.4%(out of 50%maximum)was achieved in CA3 organogel.Moreover,when all solvents were removed from the organogels,D-1 also showed significant UC emissions,which was more than 6-fold higher than that of DPA,indicating that co-assembling the annihilator with the matrix to achieve an order arrangement presented an efficient strategy towards efficient TTA-UC in solid state.
基金Zhejiang Provincial Key Research and Development Program,Grant/Award Numbers:2024C01204,2024C01240(SD2)National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:52203103,52327802,32101465+1 种基金Innovation Research Project for Youth Scholar of School of Environment and Natural Resources,Zhejiang University of Science and Technology,Grant/Award Number:HZQY202403Shenzhen Postdoctoral Research Funding,Grant/Award Number:23301004。
文摘Covalent triazine frameworks(CTFs),known as highly conjugated layered solids,have garnered significant interest due to their distinctive structural and property characteristics.However,the exfoliation of CTF solids towards nanoCTFs in high yields is currently inadequate and inefficient,limiting their utility.This study presents the design and synthesis of CTFs containing non-crystalline regions and their random stacks using a methyl-containing nitrile monomer.Incorporating in-plane methyl groups enhances the polarity of CTFs and disrupts layered interactions,facilitating smooth exfoliation under competing solvent-layer interactions and producing nanocolloids in dilute dispersions.Furthermore,CTFs can rapidly disperse in DMF at a high concentration,enabling the formation of CTF organogel for the first time.Additionally,the designed CTF nanocolloids allow for the first simple physical modification of carbon nanotubes.The assembly,associated with conjugated features,enables the fabrication of CTF/carbon nanotube organogel.
文摘Self-healing hydrogels utilize inherent intermolecular forces to autonomously heal physical damage resulting from excessive strain,pressure,or tearing.Applying these materials in soft robotics and tissue engineering could be beneficial.On the other hand,their efficacy in stretchable and mechanically resistant circuits is hindered by their limited electrical conductivity.
基金supported by NSFC(22241502,22035004,and 22250710677).
文摘Herein,we present a facile strategy to prepare versatile aluminum oxide subnanometer nanosheets with oleic acid and stearic acid ligands(OA-Al SNSs and SA-Al SNSs,respectively).The size effect endows subnanosheets with abundant acting sites,remarkable intermolecular interactions,and unique polymer-like properties,including flexibility,viscoelasticity,and sol-gel transitions,which is quite different from traditional inorganic materials.Consequently,subnanosheets could form freestanding organogels and OA-Al SNSs exhibit satisfying semisolidification of various solvents,making it an intriguing candidate for the safe storage and transportation of solvents.Furthermore,SA-Al SNSs exhibit excellent adhesive properties of high strength on diverse substrates,and it is easy to erase it without any damage,demonstrating the promising prospects in practical applications.
文摘A series of p-alkoxylbenzamides featuring a long alkyl chain have been synthesized and are readily to form stable gels in a variety of organic solvents. Their selfassembly properties and structure-property relationship were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, IH nuclear magnetic resonance, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The gels formed were multi-responsive to environmental stimuli such as temperature and fluoride anion. The results show that a combination of hydrogen bonding, n-n stacking and van der Waals interaction result in the aggregation of palkoxylbenzamides to form three-dimension networks, depending on the length of the long alkyl chain.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50673095 and 21021003)the Basic Research Development Program (2007CB808005 and 2009CB930802)the Fund of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Low-molecular-weight organogels(LMOG) have been attracting a surge interest in fabricating soft materials.Although the finding of the gelator molecules has been developed from serendipity to objective design,the achievement of the gelator molecules still needs good design and tedious organic synthesis.In this paper,we proposed a simple and general mixing approach to get the organogel for nearly all the organic compounds and even soluble nanoparticles without any modification.We have designed a universal gelator molecule,which forms organogels with more than 40 kinds of organic solvents from aploar to polar solvents.More interestingly,when other organic compounds or even nanomaterials,which are soluble in certain organic solvents,are mixed with this gelator molecule,they can form organogels no matter whether the individual compounds could form organogel or not.This method is applicable to nearly all kinds of soluble organic compounds and opens an efficient and universal way to fabricate gel materials.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20190688)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(21KJB430039)Taishan Scholar Construction Special Fund of Shandong Province。
文摘Smart flexible electronics with underwater motion detection have become a promising research aspect in intelligent perception.Inspired by the strong adaptability of marine creatures to complex underwater environments,conventional biocompatible hydrogels are worth developing into organogels with preferred underwater adhesive properties,hydrophobic and antiswelling performance,and motion perception ability.Herein,a highly sensitive organogel sensor exhibiting good hydrophobicity,electromechanical properties,and adhesion properties was prepared for underwater utilization by regulating the chemical components and internal interactions.The synergistic effect of massive reversible noncovalent bonds ensures the organogel’s excellent underwater adhesion to multifarious substrates.Meanwhile,the interactions of hydrophobic conductive fillers and the dynamic hydrophobic associations in the organogel endow it with satisfactory hydrophobic performance(contact angle of111.8°)and antiswelling property(equilibrium swelling ratio of-31%after 15-day immersion).The fabricated flexible organogel strain sensor exhibits high sensitivity(gauge factor of1.96),ultrafast response rate(79.1 ms),low limit of detection(0.45 Pa),and excellent cyclic stability(1044 tensile cycles followed by 3981 compressive cycles).Results demonstrate the proposed organogel’s precise perception of sophisticated human motions in air and underwater,which expands its application scenarios.
文摘Four 2,5-dialkoxylphenyl-l,3,4-oxadiazoles are shown to be efficient organogelators. These com- pounds readily form stable gels in many organic solvents and their gelation property as well as supramolecular structures were investigated by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance （1H NMR）, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy （UV-vis）. The results indicate that the gelator molecules self-assemble into gels with elongated fibrous networks and layer structures, and van der Waals interaction is the main driving force.
