An efficient protocol for plant regeneration from protoplasts of hydroxyproline(HYP)resistant cell line of Onoblychis viciaefolia was established. In SH medium supplemented with 1 mg/L 2, 4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid...An efficient protocol for plant regeneration from protoplasts of hydroxyproline(HYP)resistant cell line of Onoblychis viciaefolia was established. In SH medium supplemented with 1 mg/L 2, 4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid (2,4-D), 0.5 mg/L kinetin (KT) and 0.2 mg/L naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), the division frequency of protoplastderived cells reached uP to over 60 %, and microcalli were obtained in 5-6 wk. Upon transferring them on agar solidified MS medium plus 2 mg/L indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), shoots were induced. After cultivating them on MS medium with or without IAA, roots were regenerated.Chromosome number of all protoplast-regenerated plants examined were normal (2n=28). The protoplast-derived calli and plants grew vigorously on the medium containing 10 mmol/L HYP.展开更多
To search for an alternative to alfalfa under conditions of salinity and drought, a comparative study was carried out to explore the effect of salinity on the symbiosis of alfalfa and local esparcet species (Onobrychi...To search for an alternative to alfalfa under conditions of salinity and drought, a comparative study was carried out to explore the effect of salinity on the symbiosis of alfalfa and local esparcet species (Onobrychis transcaucasica and Onobrychis chorassanica) inoculated with their nodule bacteria. The salinity of up to 30 mM NaCl insignificantly affected the biomass growth of shoots and roots of alfalfa plants, but the increase in the salinity from 30 to as high as 140 mM NaCl led to the biomass decrease. The salinity produced a double effect on the nodulation process in inoculated alfalfa plants as follows: 1) at 30 - 100 mM NaCl the stimulation of nodulation and increased leghemoglobin activity were observed;2) at salinity concentrations higher than 100 mM NaCl the suppression of both nodule formation and leghemoglobin activity was observed. Alfalfa plants under inoculation with the Sinorhizobium meliloti 10 strain obtained a considerable resistance to salinity (50 - 80 mM NaCl). The efficient symbiosis of O. transcaucasica plants with Rhizobium sp. OT111 and O. chorassanica plants with Rhizobium sp. OC109 enhanced the adaptation of plants to salinity up to 150 mM NaCl. The gradual growth suppression of both Onobrychis plants species started from 200 mM NaCl, and salinity concentration 300 mM NaCl was critical (sublethal) for plants independently of inoculation by nodule bacteria. In field conditions, O. chorassanica was more resistant to salinity than O. transcaucasica, but minimal irrigation for both species of Onobrychis showed a higher effect on their growth and development than the moderate salinity at the concentration 75 mM NaCl. The lower limit (drought threshold) of drought-resistance of Onobrychis plants was 6% - 8% of soil humidity. In shoot and roots of alfalfa, both Onobrychis plant species subject to salt stress, aldehyde oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase enzymes and different number of their isoforms as well as their electrophoretic mobilities/activities were found.展开更多
A total of 110 strains of nodule bacteria was isolated from plants Onobrychis transcaucasica and Onobrychis chorassanica. Nodulation study of bacteria in both Onobrychis plant species in microvegetation experiment gav...A total of 110 strains of nodule bacteria was isolated from plants Onobrychis transcaucasica and Onobrychis chorassanica. Nodulation study of bacteria in both Onobrychis plant species in microvegetation experiment gave a very low nodulation on plant roots. The intensive nodulation of Onobrychis plants was recorded in vegetation experiment and for Onobrychis transcaucasica the efficiently-nodulating strains were found OT102, OT103, OT117, OT121, OT130, OT136, ОT139, ОT140, while for Onobrychis chorassanica plants—ОC106, ОC107, ОC109, ОC112, ОT103, ОT117 and ОT123 strains. Nucleotide sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and BLAST analysis showed that nodule bacteria of Onobrychis plants were related to Rhizobium, Burkholderia, Enterobacter and Pantoea genera. It has been shown a possibility of growing up of Onobrychis plants at minimal additional moisture of sabulous soils in the Kyzyl Kum Desert, creating artificial pastures and thereby immobilizing the desert blown sands.展开更多
In the period 2019-2021, two coenotic populations of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">O. tavernierfolia</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">...In the period 2019-2021, two coenotic populations of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">O. tavernierfolia</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> were studied in different ecological and phytocenotic conditions of relic mountain Kuldzhuktau. Very rare species of the Kyzylkum. It is spread at the Kyzylkum: the Kuldzhuktau, near Ayak-Guzhumdy and Churuk (Bukhara region). Inhabits stony and gypseous slopes. There are three small populations can be found. Limiting factors: degradation of habitat as a result of overgrazing. Measures of protection: not protected.</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The article is devoted to the assessment of the current state of coenotic populations of the rarest southwestern Kyzylkum (Kuldzhuktau) </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Onobrychis tavernierfolia</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. It was found that the studied coenopopulations of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">O. tavernierfolia</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> are normal and complete.展开更多
Background:Winter climate change including frequent freeze-thaw episodes and shallow snow cover will have major impacts on the spring regrowth of perennial crops.Non-bloating perennial forage legume species including ...Background:Winter climate change including frequent freeze-thaw episodes and shallow snow cover will have major impacts on the spring regrowth of perennial crops.Non-bloating perennial forage legume species including sainfoin,birdsfoot trefoil,red clover,and alsike clover have been bred for their adaptation to harsh winter conditions.In parallel,the selection of cold-tolerant rhizobial strains could allow earlier symbiotic nitrogen(N)fixation to hasten spring regrowth of legumes.Methods:To identify strains forming nodules rapidly and showing high N-fixing potential,60 rhizobial strains in association with four temperate legume species were evaluated over 11 weeks under spring soil temperatures for kinetics of nodule formation,nitrogenase activity,and host yield.Results:Strains differed in their capacity to form efficient nodules on legume hosts over time.Strains showing higher nitrogenase activity were arctic strain N10 with sainfoin and strain L2 with birdsfoot trefoil.For clovers,nitrogenase activity was similar for control and inoculated plants,likely due to formation of effective nodules in controls by endophyte rhizobia present in seeds.Conclusions:Selection based on nodulation kinetics at low temperature,nitrogenase activity,and yield was effective to identify performant rhizobial strains for legume crops.The use of cold-tolerant strains could help mitigate winter climatic changes.展开更多
文摘An efficient protocol for plant regeneration from protoplasts of hydroxyproline(HYP)resistant cell line of Onoblychis viciaefolia was established. In SH medium supplemented with 1 mg/L 2, 4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid (2,4-D), 0.5 mg/L kinetin (KT) and 0.2 mg/L naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), the division frequency of protoplastderived cells reached uP to over 60 %, and microcalli were obtained in 5-6 wk. Upon transferring them on agar solidified MS medium plus 2 mg/L indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), shoots were induced. After cultivating them on MS medium with or without IAA, roots were regenerated.Chromosome number of all protoplast-regenerated plants examined were normal (2n=28). The protoplast-derived calli and plants grew vigorously on the medium containing 10 mmol/L HYP.
文摘To search for an alternative to alfalfa under conditions of salinity and drought, a comparative study was carried out to explore the effect of salinity on the symbiosis of alfalfa and local esparcet species (Onobrychis transcaucasica and Onobrychis chorassanica) inoculated with their nodule bacteria. The salinity of up to 30 mM NaCl insignificantly affected the biomass growth of shoots and roots of alfalfa plants, but the increase in the salinity from 30 to as high as 140 mM NaCl led to the biomass decrease. The salinity produced a double effect on the nodulation process in inoculated alfalfa plants as follows: 1) at 30 - 100 mM NaCl the stimulation of nodulation and increased leghemoglobin activity were observed;2) at salinity concentrations higher than 100 mM NaCl the suppression of both nodule formation and leghemoglobin activity was observed. Alfalfa plants under inoculation with the Sinorhizobium meliloti 10 strain obtained a considerable resistance to salinity (50 - 80 mM NaCl). The efficient symbiosis of O. transcaucasica plants with Rhizobium sp. OT111 and O. chorassanica plants with Rhizobium sp. OC109 enhanced the adaptation of plants to salinity up to 150 mM NaCl. The gradual growth suppression of both Onobrychis plants species started from 200 mM NaCl, and salinity concentration 300 mM NaCl was critical (sublethal) for plants independently of inoculation by nodule bacteria. In field conditions, O. chorassanica was more resistant to salinity than O. transcaucasica, but minimal irrigation for both species of Onobrychis showed a higher effect on their growth and development than the moderate salinity at the concentration 75 mM NaCl. The lower limit (drought threshold) of drought-resistance of Onobrychis plants was 6% - 8% of soil humidity. In shoot and roots of alfalfa, both Onobrychis plant species subject to salt stress, aldehyde oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase enzymes and different number of their isoforms as well as their electrophoretic mobilities/activities were found.
文摘A total of 110 strains of nodule bacteria was isolated from plants Onobrychis transcaucasica and Onobrychis chorassanica. Nodulation study of bacteria in both Onobrychis plant species in microvegetation experiment gave a very low nodulation on plant roots. The intensive nodulation of Onobrychis plants was recorded in vegetation experiment and for Onobrychis transcaucasica the efficiently-nodulating strains were found OT102, OT103, OT117, OT121, OT130, OT136, ОT139, ОT140, while for Onobrychis chorassanica plants—ОC106, ОC107, ОC109, ОC112, ОT103, ОT117 and ОT123 strains. Nucleotide sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and BLAST analysis showed that nodule bacteria of Onobrychis plants were related to Rhizobium, Burkholderia, Enterobacter and Pantoea genera. It has been shown a possibility of growing up of Onobrychis plants at minimal additional moisture of sabulous soils in the Kyzyl Kum Desert, creating artificial pastures and thereby immobilizing the desert blown sands.
文摘In the period 2019-2021, two coenotic populations of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">O. tavernierfolia</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> were studied in different ecological and phytocenotic conditions of relic mountain Kuldzhuktau. Very rare species of the Kyzylkum. It is spread at the Kyzylkum: the Kuldzhuktau, near Ayak-Guzhumdy and Churuk (Bukhara region). Inhabits stony and gypseous slopes. There are three small populations can be found. Limiting factors: degradation of habitat as a result of overgrazing. Measures of protection: not protected.</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The article is devoted to the assessment of the current state of coenotic populations of the rarest southwestern Kyzylkum (Kuldzhuktau) </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Onobrychis tavernierfolia</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. It was found that the studied coenopopulations of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">O. tavernierfolia</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> are normal and complete.
文摘Background:Winter climate change including frequent freeze-thaw episodes and shallow snow cover will have major impacts on the spring regrowth of perennial crops.Non-bloating perennial forage legume species including sainfoin,birdsfoot trefoil,red clover,and alsike clover have been bred for their adaptation to harsh winter conditions.In parallel,the selection of cold-tolerant rhizobial strains could allow earlier symbiotic nitrogen(N)fixation to hasten spring regrowth of legumes.Methods:To identify strains forming nodules rapidly and showing high N-fixing potential,60 rhizobial strains in association with four temperate legume species were evaluated over 11 weeks under spring soil temperatures for kinetics of nodule formation,nitrogenase activity,and host yield.Results:Strains differed in their capacity to form efficient nodules on legume hosts over time.Strains showing higher nitrogenase activity were arctic strain N10 with sainfoin and strain L2 with birdsfoot trefoil.For clovers,nitrogenase activity was similar for control and inoculated plants,likely due to formation of effective nodules in controls by endophyte rhizobia present in seeds.Conclusions:Selection based on nodulation kinetics at low temperature,nitrogenase activity,and yield was effective to identify performant rhizobial strains for legume crops.The use of cold-tolerant strains could help mitigate winter climatic changes.
