In the experiment, the brown rice whose moisture content was 12.5% was used as raw material. The brown rice was grouped, then moisturized differently and milled. While milling, the energy consumption, the rate of brok...In the experiment, the brown rice whose moisture content was 12.5% was used as raw material. The brown rice was grouped, then moisturized differently and milled. While milling, the energy consumption, the rate of broken rice and the crack rate were tested. It is confirmed that the stress crack owing to the moisture added to the brown rice can be avoided when the moisture amount added once is limited to no more than 1.5%. It is also proved that the energy consumption can be reduced, the yielding rate of rice can be increased and that the quality of rice can be improved.展开更多
Once-daily tadalafil administration has been well established; however, studies about tadalafil once-daily treatment in the Chinese population are lacking. In this phase 4, postmarketing study, we ascertained the long...Once-daily tadalafil administration has been well established; however, studies about tadalafil once-daily treatment in the Chinese population are lacking. In this phase 4, postmarketing study, we ascertained the long-term safety and effectiveness of tadalafil 2.5 mg and 5.0 mg once daily in Chinese men with erectile dysfunction （n = 635）. The primary endpoint of the study was safety at 12 months as assessed by the proportion of patients experiencing at least one treatment-emergent adverse event （serious or nonserious）. The secondary endpoints included safety and effectiveness, measured by the International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function （IIEF-EF） domain scores. Similar adverse events to the known safety profile of tadalafil, such as nasopharyngitis, upper respiratory tract infection, headache, and dizziness, were detected. No new cardiovascular safety concerns were observed. After 3 months of treatment, significant increases in IIEF-EF domain scores were detected for both 2.5-mg （least squares [LS] mean change： 6.3; 95% confidence interval [CI]： 5.4-7.1; P 〈 0.001） and 5.0-mg （LS mean change： 7.4; 95% CI： 6.8-7.9; P 〈 0.001） tadalafil doses, and significance was maintained up to 12 months. In addition, approximately 40% of patients regained normal erectile function （IIEF-EF 〉26） following 1 year of tadalafil once-daily treatment. The findings in this study provide evidence for the extended effectiveness and tolerability of tadalafil, demonstrating no new safety concerns, in a Chinese population and make once-daily tadalafil administration a viable option for improving sexual performance and satisfaction in Chinese men with erectile dysfunction.展开更多
针对基于You Only Look Once v2算法的目标检测存在精度低及稳健性差的问题,提出一种车辆目标实时检测的You Only Look Once v2优化算法;该算法以You Only Look Once v2算法为基础,通过增加网络深度,增强特征提取能力,同时,通过添加残...针对基于You Only Look Once v2算法的目标检测存在精度低及稳健性差的问题,提出一种车辆目标实时检测的You Only Look Once v2优化算法;该算法以You Only Look Once v2算法为基础,通过增加网络深度,增强特征提取能力,同时,通过添加残差模块,解决网络深度增加带来的梯度消失或弥散问题;该方法将网络结构中低层特征与高层特征进行融合,提升对小目标车辆的检测精度。结果表明,通过在KITTI数据集上进行测试,优化后的算法在检测速度不变的情况下,提高了车辆目标检测精度,平均精度达到0.94,同时提升了小目标检测的准确性。展开更多
New once daily mesalamine formulations may improve adherence to medication usage.Response to Asacol and other forms of 5-aminosalicyclic acid(5-ASA)is better correlated with tissue concentrations and best predicted by...New once daily mesalamine formulations may improve adherence to medication usage.Response to Asacol and other forms of 5-aminosalicyclic acid(5-ASA)is better correlated with tissue concentrations and best predicted by concentrations of the drug within the lumen of the colon.Our group used computer simulation to predict colonic 5-ASA levels after Asacol administration.In our study,the model simulated Asacol distribution in the healthy colon,and during quiescent and active ulcerative colitis.An Asacol dosage of 800 mg,threetimes a day,was compared to 2400 mg given once a day.Under ideal conditions,the predicted maximum drug in the total colon and individual colonic segments over 100 d differed by less than 3%between single and multiple doses.Despite changes in motility and defection rates,the predicted maximum and average 5-ASA concentrations in the total colon and individual colonic segments differed by less than 10%between dosing regimens.Asymmetric distribution of 5-ASA in the colon was influenced by frequency of bowel movements and colonic transit rate.In active colitis,sigmoid 5-ASA concentration becomes negligible.Our model supports once daily administration of Asacol as standard treatment for ulcerative colitis.展开更多
We compared the efficacy and safety between once-daily dosing and on-demand use of udenafil for type 2 diabetic patients with erectile dysfunction （ED）. A multi-center, randomized, open-label, parallel-group, 12-wee...We compared the efficacy and safety between once-daily dosing and on-demand use of udenafil for type 2 diabetic patients with erectile dysfunction （ED）. A multi-center, randomized, open-label, parallel-group, 12-week study was conducted. 161 patients who improved with on-demand 200 mg of udenafil according to Sexual Encounter Profile （SEP） diary Question 2 and 3 （Q2 and Q3） were randomized into 200 mg on-demand （n = 80） or 50 mg once-daily （n = 81） dosing groups for 8 weeks. The dosing period was followed by a 4-week treatment-free period. The primary efficacy endpoint was the change of the International Index of Erectile Function （IIEF） erectile function domain （EFD） score. The secondary efficacy endpoints included changes to the SEP diary Q2, Q3, IIEF Q3, Q4, other domains of IIEF, Global Assessment Question, and shift to the normal rate （EFD 〉 26）. Vascular endothelial markers were also assessed. The IIEF-EFD score of both groups improved after 8 weeks of treatment （P 〈 0.0001）. There was no statistically significant difference between two groups. Improvement was not maintained after the treatment-free follow-up period. Similar results were observed in the secondary efficacy endpoints. There was also no significant difference in vascular endothelial markers. Daily udenafil was well-tolerated, and there was no significant difference in the adverse drug reactions and adverse events between the two groups. Flushing and headache were the most frequent adverse events. Both regimens improved ED in diabetic patients and were well-tolerated. Further studies are needed to assess the effect of daily udenafil treatment in diabetic patients.展开更多
The antifreeze critical strength and the pre-curing time of low-temperature concrete were studied by means of guaranteed rate of compressive strength and antifreeze performance for the structural safety requirement of...The antifreeze critical strength and the pre-curing time of low-temperature concrete were studied by means of guaranteed rate of compressive strength and antifreeze performance for the structural safety requirement of concrete engineering,suffering once freeze damage under air environment.It is shown that the antifreeze critical strength is 3.7-4.4MPa,pre-curing time is 18-32 h by guaranteed rate of compressive strength,and the antifreeze critical strength is 3.7-4.4MPa,pre-curing time is 18-32 h by guaranteed rate of antifreeze performance.It can be found that the method of guaranteed rate of compressive strength is sensitive to the defect which generated by freeze damage in the concrete interior.The method is fit to evaluate the antifreeze critical strength of low-temperature concrete.展开更多
Once more to the lake is a representative work of the American Writer, Elwyn Brooks White, and has been acclaimed by people in the world. The paper offers a three-layered contrasting analysis of the essay. By detailed...Once more to the lake is a representative work of the American Writer, Elwyn Brooks White, and has been acclaimed by people in the world. The paper offers a three-layered contrasting analysis of the essay. By detailed analysis of the contrasts running through the whole essay, the author finds that those contrasts are symbol of White's internal struggle and reflection for life.On the foundation of the three-layered contrasts, the paper presents the theme analysis and clarifies the content of the essay.展开更多
This paper provides a new sorting algorithm called 'Only-Once-Sorting' algorithm a mathemati cal formula,this algorithm can put elements in the positions they should be stored only once,then compacts them.The ...This paper provides a new sorting algorithm called 'Only-Once-Sorting' algorithm a mathemati cal formula,this algorithm can put elements in the positions they should be stored only once,then compacts them.The algorithm completes sorting a sequence of n elements in a calculation time of O(n ).展开更多
In this paper both processes of landslide and subsidence are considered to be limited systems. Each of these systems in nature might be regarded as an organism. Generally their lifespan must develop with common ecolog...In this paper both processes of landslide and subsidence are considered to be limited systems. Each of these systems in nature might be regarded as an organism. Generally their lifespan must develop with common ecological characteristics, including several evolutional stages, such as initiation, growth, maturation, decline and death. Among these stages, maturation is emphasized so as to find the occurring or thriving date of both systems. An once-through cycle of both landslide and subsidence is established and is accurately predicted by a developed, mathematic model of the Poisson cycle. The Weibull distribution is cited for a landslide example. Both fundamentals are discussed. Stage predictions of landslide and subsidence are performed for several examples. Back analysis of landslides that have already happened are studied with the same model. And when compared with results from the biological mathematic model and with practical results, it is found that they correspond. Stage prediction of subsidences is also researched by the principle of the Poisson cycle.展开更多
Non-adherence to immunosuppressive therapy is associated with reduced graft survival. Fifteen long-term follow up kidney transplant patients with stable post-transplant clinical courses were enrolled in the study. All...Non-adherence to immunosuppressive therapy is associated with reduced graft survival. Fifteen long-term follow up kidney transplant patients with stable post-transplant clinical courses were enrolled in the study. All patients were prescribed to tacrolimus prolonged release, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and corticosteroid at the time of enrolment. Twice-daily administration of MMF was then converted to a single daily dose. As a result, all immunosuppressive agents were administered simultaneously at one time in the morning. The daily total doses of the three immunosuppressants were identical during the study period. No acute rejection or adverse event was observed during the study period. Blood urea nitrogen and estimated glomerular filtration rate did not change significantly after conversion to once-daily administration. The blood tacrolimus trough level and the Mycophenolic acid (MPA) trough level also did not change significantly after conversion to once-daily administration. Interestingly, the meanmedian MPA trough level remained >3 μg/ml even after conversion to once-daily administration. A sufficient plasma MPA level was maintained after conversion to once-daily administration, and no acute rejection was observed during the study period. To our knowledge, this study is the first to report that the plasma MPA concentration can be maintained after once-daily administration of MMF in long-term kidney transplant patients. Once-daily administration of immunosuppressive agents may improve long-term graft survival because of better treatment adherence due to the reduced dosing frequency. The safety or efficacy of conversion to once-daily administration of MMF should be evaluated in a future randomized controlled large-scale clinical study.展开更多
Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is an adverse effect of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates. Advancing age, intravenous administration of zoledronic acid (ZOL), history of dento-alveolar surgery, and concomitant system...Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is an adverse effect of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates. Advancing age, intravenous administration of zoledronic acid (ZOL), history of dento-alveolar surgery, and concomitant systemic diseases such as diabetes are known as risk factors for developing ONJ. However, despite numerous studies, the exact pathophysiology remains unclear and management strategies are largely anecdotal. Once-yearly intravenously administered 5 mg ZOL was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2007 for the treatment of osteoporosis and its efficacy with 3 year-regimen had been recently proven in preventing new clinical fracture. Although occurrences of ONJ have been reported to be rare with this drug administration, available data is very limited and long-term outcomes are lacking. We present a case of ONJ identified in an osteopenic patient with an intermittent but long standing sore mouth related to exposed mandibular bone. Once-yearly infusion of zoledronic acid used in the treatment of osteopenia may contribute to the spontaneous development of ONJ, especially in those presenting with multiple comorbidity factors. This report suggests the importance of health care professionals keeping abreast of new developments in this area and providing appropriate information to their patients.展开更多
目标检测是计算机视觉的基石,在医疗成像、工业缺陷检测、自动驾驶和农业监测等领域有着广泛的应用。YOLO(You Only Look Once)作为单阶段目标检测的开创性算法,以其卓越的实时性和高效性成为计算机视觉领域的核心技术。从2016年YOLOv1...目标检测是计算机视觉的基石,在医疗成像、工业缺陷检测、自动驾驶和农业监测等领域有着广泛的应用。YOLO(You Only Look Once)作为单阶段目标检测的开创性算法,以其卓越的实时性和高效性成为计算机视觉领域的核心技术。从2016年YOLOv1的首次亮相到2025年YOLOv12的发布,YOLO通过持续优化网络架构、改进损失函数设计和创新数据增强策略,显著提升了检测性能和应用适配性。本文系统回顾了YOLO长达十年的发展历程,分析了其在不同领域的应用,并探讨了其快速发展背后的驱动力,包括深度学习技术的突破、开源社区的广泛协作以及对实时性和边缘计算的迫切需求。与双阶段算法(如Faster R-CNN)和基于Transformer的方法(如DETR)相比,YOLO在速度和工程部署上展现出显著优势,但在小目标检测、密集场景处理和复杂背景下的鲁棒性方面仍面临挑战。未来YOLO或可通过整合轻量级Transformer模块、优化多任务学习框架以及引入生成式AI增强数据多样性,有望进一步提升精度和场景适应能力。展开更多
基金Tenth Eive-Year Plan of the Committee of the Scientific Tech. of Heilongjiang Province (GB02B4040-1)Heilongjiang Education Bureau (10511012)
文摘In the experiment, the brown rice whose moisture content was 12.5% was used as raw material. The brown rice was grouped, then moisturized differently and milled. While milling, the energy consumption, the rate of broken rice and the crack rate were tested. It is confirmed that the stress crack owing to the moisture added to the brown rice can be avoided when the moisture amount added once is limited to no more than 1.5%. It is also proved that the energy consumption can be reduced, the yielding rate of rice can be increased and that the quality of rice can be improved.
文摘Once-daily tadalafil administration has been well established; however, studies about tadalafil once-daily treatment in the Chinese population are lacking. In this phase 4, postmarketing study, we ascertained the long-term safety and effectiveness of tadalafil 2.5 mg and 5.0 mg once daily in Chinese men with erectile dysfunction （n = 635）. The primary endpoint of the study was safety at 12 months as assessed by the proportion of patients experiencing at least one treatment-emergent adverse event （serious or nonserious）. The secondary endpoints included safety and effectiveness, measured by the International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function （IIEF-EF） domain scores. Similar adverse events to the known safety profile of tadalafil, such as nasopharyngitis, upper respiratory tract infection, headache, and dizziness, were detected. No new cardiovascular safety concerns were observed. After 3 months of treatment, significant increases in IIEF-EF domain scores were detected for both 2.5-mg （least squares [LS] mean change： 6.3; 95% confidence interval [CI]： 5.4-7.1; P 〈 0.001） and 5.0-mg （LS mean change： 7.4; 95% CI： 6.8-7.9; P 〈 0.001） tadalafil doses, and significance was maintained up to 12 months. In addition, approximately 40% of patients regained normal erectile function （IIEF-EF 〉26） following 1 year of tadalafil once-daily treatment. The findings in this study provide evidence for the extended effectiveness and tolerability of tadalafil, demonstrating no new safety concerns, in a Chinese population and make once-daily tadalafil administration a viable option for improving sexual performance and satisfaction in Chinese men with erectile dysfunction.
文摘针对基于You Only Look Once v2算法的目标检测存在精度低及稳健性差的问题,提出一种车辆目标实时检测的You Only Look Once v2优化算法;该算法以You Only Look Once v2算法为基础,通过增加网络深度,增强特征提取能力,同时,通过添加残差模块,解决网络深度增加带来的梯度消失或弥散问题;该方法将网络结构中低层特征与高层特征进行融合,提升对小目标车辆的检测精度。结果表明,通过在KITTI数据集上进行测试,优化后的算法在检测速度不变的情况下,提高了车辆目标检测精度,平均精度达到0.94,同时提升了小目标检测的准确性。
文摘New once daily mesalamine formulations may improve adherence to medication usage.Response to Asacol and other forms of 5-aminosalicyclic acid(5-ASA)is better correlated with tissue concentrations and best predicted by concentrations of the drug within the lumen of the colon.Our group used computer simulation to predict colonic 5-ASA levels after Asacol administration.In our study,the model simulated Asacol distribution in the healthy colon,and during quiescent and active ulcerative colitis.An Asacol dosage of 800 mg,threetimes a day,was compared to 2400 mg given once a day.Under ideal conditions,the predicted maximum drug in the total colon and individual colonic segments over 100 d differed by less than 3%between single and multiple doses.Despite changes in motility and defection rates,the predicted maximum and average 5-ASA concentrations in the total colon and individual colonic segments differed by less than 10%between dosing regimens.Asymmetric distribution of 5-ASA in the colon was influenced by frequency of bowel movements and colonic transit rate.In active colitis,sigmoid 5-ASA concentration becomes negligible.Our model supports once daily administration of Asacol as standard treatment for ulcerative colitis.
文摘We compared the efficacy and safety between once-daily dosing and on-demand use of udenafil for type 2 diabetic patients with erectile dysfunction （ED）. A multi-center, randomized, open-label, parallel-group, 12-week study was conducted. 161 patients who improved with on-demand 200 mg of udenafil according to Sexual Encounter Profile （SEP） diary Question 2 and 3 （Q2 and Q3） were randomized into 200 mg on-demand （n = 80） or 50 mg once-daily （n = 81） dosing groups for 8 weeks. The dosing period was followed by a 4-week treatment-free period. The primary efficacy endpoint was the change of the International Index of Erectile Function （IIEF） erectile function domain （EFD） score. The secondary efficacy endpoints included changes to the SEP diary Q2, Q3, IIEF Q3, Q4, other domains of IIEF, Global Assessment Question, and shift to the normal rate （EFD 〉 26）. Vascular endothelial markers were also assessed. The IIEF-EFD score of both groups improved after 8 weeks of treatment （P 〈 0.0001）. There was no statistically significant difference between two groups. Improvement was not maintained after the treatment-free follow-up period. Similar results were observed in the secondary efficacy endpoints. There was also no significant difference in vascular endothelial markers. Daily udenafil was well-tolerated, and there was no significant difference in the adverse drug reactions and adverse events between the two groups. Flushing and headache were the most frequent adverse events. Both regimens improved ED in diabetic patients and were well-tolerated. Further studies are needed to assess the effect of daily udenafil treatment in diabetic patients.
基金Funded by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China for the 11th Five-Year Plan(2006BAJ04A04)the Natural Science Foundation Project of Liaoning Province(20082008)the Nationd Natural Science Foundation of China(51072122)
文摘The antifreeze critical strength and the pre-curing time of low-temperature concrete were studied by means of guaranteed rate of compressive strength and antifreeze performance for the structural safety requirement of concrete engineering,suffering once freeze damage under air environment.It is shown that the antifreeze critical strength is 3.7-4.4MPa,pre-curing time is 18-32 h by guaranteed rate of compressive strength,and the antifreeze critical strength is 3.7-4.4MPa,pre-curing time is 18-32 h by guaranteed rate of antifreeze performance.It can be found that the method of guaranteed rate of compressive strength is sensitive to the defect which generated by freeze damage in the concrete interior.The method is fit to evaluate the antifreeze critical strength of low-temperature concrete.
文摘Once more to the lake is a representative work of the American Writer, Elwyn Brooks White, and has been acclaimed by people in the world. The paper offers a three-layered contrasting analysis of the essay. By detailed analysis of the contrasts running through the whole essay, the author finds that those contrasts are symbol of White's internal struggle and reflection for life.On the foundation of the three-layered contrasts, the paper presents the theme analysis and clarifies the content of the essay.
文摘This paper provides a new sorting algorithm called 'Only-Once-Sorting' algorithm a mathemati cal formula,this algorithm can put elements in the positions they should be stored only once,then compacts them.The algorithm completes sorting a sequence of n elements in a calculation time of O(n ).
基金The paper is one part of a project supported by National Education Committee Funds for Doctoral Faculty
文摘In this paper both processes of landslide and subsidence are considered to be limited systems. Each of these systems in nature might be regarded as an organism. Generally their lifespan must develop with common ecological characteristics, including several evolutional stages, such as initiation, growth, maturation, decline and death. Among these stages, maturation is emphasized so as to find the occurring or thriving date of both systems. An once-through cycle of both landslide and subsidence is established and is accurately predicted by a developed, mathematic model of the Poisson cycle. The Weibull distribution is cited for a landslide example. Both fundamentals are discussed. Stage predictions of landslide and subsidence are performed for several examples. Back analysis of landslides that have already happened are studied with the same model. And when compared with results from the biological mathematic model and with practical results, it is found that they correspond. Stage prediction of subsidences is also researched by the principle of the Poisson cycle.
文摘Non-adherence to immunosuppressive therapy is associated with reduced graft survival. Fifteen long-term follow up kidney transplant patients with stable post-transplant clinical courses were enrolled in the study. All patients were prescribed to tacrolimus prolonged release, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and corticosteroid at the time of enrolment. Twice-daily administration of MMF was then converted to a single daily dose. As a result, all immunosuppressive agents were administered simultaneously at one time in the morning. The daily total doses of the three immunosuppressants were identical during the study period. No acute rejection or adverse event was observed during the study period. Blood urea nitrogen and estimated glomerular filtration rate did not change significantly after conversion to once-daily administration. The blood tacrolimus trough level and the Mycophenolic acid (MPA) trough level also did not change significantly after conversion to once-daily administration. Interestingly, the meanmedian MPA trough level remained >3 μg/ml even after conversion to once-daily administration. A sufficient plasma MPA level was maintained after conversion to once-daily administration, and no acute rejection was observed during the study period. To our knowledge, this study is the first to report that the plasma MPA concentration can be maintained after once-daily administration of MMF in long-term kidney transplant patients. Once-daily administration of immunosuppressive agents may improve long-term graft survival because of better treatment adherence due to the reduced dosing frequency. The safety or efficacy of conversion to once-daily administration of MMF should be evaluated in a future randomized controlled large-scale clinical study.
文摘Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is an adverse effect of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates. Advancing age, intravenous administration of zoledronic acid (ZOL), history of dento-alveolar surgery, and concomitant systemic diseases such as diabetes are known as risk factors for developing ONJ. However, despite numerous studies, the exact pathophysiology remains unclear and management strategies are largely anecdotal. Once-yearly intravenously administered 5 mg ZOL was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2007 for the treatment of osteoporosis and its efficacy with 3 year-regimen had been recently proven in preventing new clinical fracture. Although occurrences of ONJ have been reported to be rare with this drug administration, available data is very limited and long-term outcomes are lacking. We present a case of ONJ identified in an osteopenic patient with an intermittent but long standing sore mouth related to exposed mandibular bone. Once-yearly infusion of zoledronic acid used in the treatment of osteopenia may contribute to the spontaneous development of ONJ, especially in those presenting with multiple comorbidity factors. This report suggests the importance of health care professionals keeping abreast of new developments in this area and providing appropriate information to their patients.
基金supported by NSFC of China(Nos.11671324,11471266)the Natural Science Foundation Project of CQ CSTC(No.cstc 2015jcyjA00020)the Science and Technology Project of Chongqing Education Committee(No.KJ 1600325)
文摘目标检测是计算机视觉的基石,在医疗成像、工业缺陷检测、自动驾驶和农业监测等领域有着广泛的应用。YOLO(You Only Look Once)作为单阶段目标检测的开创性算法,以其卓越的实时性和高效性成为计算机视觉领域的核心技术。从2016年YOLOv1的首次亮相到2025年YOLOv12的发布,YOLO通过持续优化网络架构、改进损失函数设计和创新数据增强策略,显著提升了检测性能和应用适配性。本文系统回顾了YOLO长达十年的发展历程,分析了其在不同领域的应用,并探讨了其快速发展背后的驱动力,包括深度学习技术的突破、开源社区的广泛协作以及对实时性和边缘计算的迫切需求。与双阶段算法(如Faster R-CNN)和基于Transformer的方法(如DETR)相比,YOLO在速度和工程部署上展现出显著优势,但在小目标检测、密集场景处理和复杂背景下的鲁棒性方面仍面临挑战。未来YOLO或可通过整合轻量级Transformer模块、优化多任务学习框架以及引入生成式AI增强数据多样性,有望进一步提升精度和场景适应能力。
