Oleoresin is a major non-forest product collected from commercially mature or near mature pine trees. Efforts have been made to increase oleoresin yield, but basically limited to the genetic improvement of planting ma...Oleoresin is a major non-forest product collected from commercially mature or near mature pine trees. Efforts have been made to increase oleoresin yield, but basically limited to the genetic improvement of planting materials and the application of chemical stimulants to tapping surface of trees. Nutrition management may play a role, particularly for pine stands suffering from soil acidification and degradation. We set up a field experiment including application of water retainer, NPK complex fertilizer, lime and borax in different combinations to pine stands for oleoresin tapping with extremely low soil pH value and nutrition. Lime significantly affected the annual yield of oleoresin tapped from two pine species studied (P < 0.05). Among 3 levels of lime applied (0, 100, 200 g/tree), the oleoresin yield increased as the dose increased in slash pine, but was highest at 100 g/tree in masson pine. The doses of 167 g and 133 g of lime per tree were optimal or close to be optimal for slash pine and masson pine, respectively. The effects of other three matters applied were statistically insignificant (P > 0.10). In addition, all of the four matters applied did not influence the growth of both pine species. We concluded that proper use of lime alone may generate 15% to 35% of gain in oleoresin production for pine plantations with similar soil conditions in the region. We also discussed the potential of comprehensive soil or site management, and proposed further research for improvement of pine oleoresin production.展开更多
Earlier it has been observed that oleoresin of Zingiber officinale is a potent molluscicide ag- ainst Lymnaea acuminata. This snail is the vector of Fasciola species, which cause ende- mic fascioliasis in eastern Utta...Earlier it has been observed that oleoresin of Zingiber officinale is a potent molluscicide ag- ainst Lymnaea acuminata. This snail is the vector of Fasciola species, which cause ende- mic fascioliasis in eastern Uttar Pradesh. As this snail breeds and maintain their population constant through out the year, so that the present study has been designed to find out the effect of variations in some environmental factors in different seasons, on the molluscicidal activity of oleoresin of Zingiber officinale and its relative effect on certain enzymes viz., acetylcholinesterase, acid and alkaline phosphatases in the nervous tissue of the snail Lymnaea acuminata. In this study temperature, pH, dissolve oxygen, free carbon dioxide, conductivity of the water in control, as well as molluscicide treated water, was measured simultaneously. LC50 value of oleoresin was determined in each month of the year. Toxicity of oleoresin in June-July (24 h LC50 16.54-14.28 mgL-1) is highest. Acetylcholinesterase, acid and alkaline phosphatases activity in the nervous tissue of the snails treated with sub-lethal concentration of oleoresin was simultaneously measured. Sig- nificant positive rank correlation, in between the acetylcholinesterase or acid phosphatase activity and LC50 of oleoresin was observed. The pre- sent study conclusively shows that variant abi- otic factors can significantly alter the toxicity of oleoresin of Z. officinale in L. acuminata. The most suitable period for control of L. acuminata is June-July.展开更多
Microorganism resistance to the existing products is yet another difficulty that agriculturalists have to deal with. In this context, the search for new agricultural products that can fight phytopathogens has become i...Microorganism resistance to the existing products is yet another difficulty that agriculturalists have to deal with. In this context, the search for new agricultural products that can fight phytopathogens has become increasingly important. Plants have played an important role in this process, because they can serve as a source of new compounds for drug discovery. Plants belonging to the genus Pinus produce an oleoresin that protects the plant against herbivores and pathogens. With a view to developing products that can combat fungal pathogens without harming the environment, this work aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of the oleoresins and fractions of Pinus elliottii Engelm and Pinus tropicalis against phytopathogens. The methodology based on NCCLS M38-A standards aided antifungal activity assessment. The microdilution method helped to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC). The oleoresins of P. elliottii and P. tropicalis afforded the most significant results—they displayed fungicidal activity against all the tested species. MIC values were promising, especially the MIC of the oleoresin of P. elliottii against S. rolfsii (1.95 μg·mL-1). The MIC values of the oleoresins of P. elliottii and P. tropicalis ranged from 1.95 to 1000 μg·mL-1 and from 31.25 to 250 μg·mL-1, respectively. Fraction PT2 of P. tropicalis furnished the best results among all the assayed fractions: MIC values lay between 125 and 500 μg·mL-11. In conclusion, the oleoresin of P. tropicalis is a promising source of new antifungal agents for application in the treatment of phytopathogenic infections.展开更多
Ginger oleoresin is to present the main substance of ginger spicy flavor and aroma from the ginger extract.How to extract a high concentration of ginger oleoresin from ginger ginger is an important research direction....Ginger oleoresin is to present the main substance of ginger spicy flavor and aroma from the ginger extract.How to extract a high concentration of ginger oleoresin from ginger ginger is an important research direction.In this paper, different ginger oleoresin extraction process gives a brief introduction and comparison;Finally the application of ginger oleoresin in food and medicine are introduced in the paper.展开更多
This study aims to investigate the antioxidant potential,bioactive retention,and antidepressant effects of native and encapsulated oleoresins from pepper,turmeric,and chili to enhance their therapeutic efficacy.The ma...This study aims to investigate the antioxidant potential,bioactive retention,and antidepressant effects of native and encapsulated oleoresins from pepper,turmeric,and chili to enhance their therapeutic efficacy.The major challenge in utilizing spice oleoresins is their low bioavailability and stability,which this study addresses through nano-encapsulation using hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin(HpBcD).The encapsulated oleoresins were evaluated for their total polyphenol,flavonoid content,and antioxidant activity,revealing that turmeric oleo resin(TOR)demonstrated the highest antioxidant potential,followed by chili(COR)and pepper(POR).How ever,nano-encapsulation reduced antioxidant activity by 50-60%,although it significantly improved the stability and bioavailability of bioactives.Molecular docking studies further confirmed strong binding affinities between bioactive compounds(piperine,curcumin,and capsaicin)and depression-related proteins,including serotonin,Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor(BDNF),and Monoamine Oxidase(MAO),indicating potential antidepressant effects.This study highlights the novelty of nano-encapsulation in enhancing the bioactivity and therapeutic potential of spice oleoresins,offering promising insights for developing natural antidepressant for-mulations or functional foods to combat depression and neurodegenerative disorders.展开更多
Objective:This study investigated the oral bioavailability and anti-obesity effects of oleoresin extracted from seeds of Nigella sativa L.(NS),in high-fat-diet-fed C57BL/6 mice.NS is rich in polyphenols,flavonoids,and...Objective:This study investigated the oral bioavailability and anti-obesity effects of oleoresin extracted from seeds of Nigella sativa L.(NS),in high-fat-diet-fed C57BL/6 mice.NS is rich in polyphenols,flavonoids,and unsaturated fatty acids;known for their anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.However,its role in modulating lipid and energy metabolism remains unexplored.Methods:Oleoresin was administered orally as well as intravenously(IV),and whole blood was collected at predetermined time points.Thymoquinone(TQ)concentration in plasma was quantified using HPLC.For antiobesity assessment,36 male C57BL/6 mice were divided into six groups,one normal diet and five HFD groups.NS oleoresin was administered daily at doses 50,100,and 200 mg/kg body weight(BW)for 8 weeks.Results:Treatment groups showed significant reductions in body weight,blood glucose,LDL,triglycerides,total cholesterol,and liver size,along with an increase in HDL levels.Gene expression analysis revealed that oleoresin downregulated CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha(C/EBPα)and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma(PPARγ)expression,while slightly upregulating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPKα)gene in the higher dose group.Although the mitochondrial uncoupling protein(UCP1)was not significantly altered,expression of sirtuin 1 and PGC-1,was enhanced indicating enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis,insulin sensitivity and weight reduction.Histopathological examination showed reversal of hepatic steatosis,as well as regular-sized adipocytes in dose-dependent treatment.Conclusion:NS seed oleoresin supplementation may reduce the BW and lipid profile induced by HFD when given in higher doses via activation of AMPK/SIRT1 pathway,potentially serving as a functional food therapeutic against obesity and related complications.展开更多
Pinus elliottii oleoresin(PEO)is a renewable feedstock for producing rosin and turpentine,yet storage-induced enzymatic browning can markedly impair the color quality of PEO and downstream rosin products.Rosin-derived...Pinus elliottii oleoresin(PEO)is a renewable feedstock for producing rosin and turpentine,yet storage-induced enzymatic browning can markedly impair the color quality of PEO and downstream rosin products.Rosin-derived materials are used in food-related products,including beverage emulsions and food-contact pack-aging;therefore,maintaining color stability is important for both consumer acceptance and commercial value.In this study,enzymatic browning in wet-stored PEO was linked to the leaching of phenolics from impurity pine needles into the aqueous phase.Polyphenol oxidase(PPO)was extracted from Pinus elliottii needles and char-acterized.The enzyme showed maximal activity at pH 7.0 and 35℃ and retained more than 80%activity over pH 6.5-7.5.Thermal deactivation kinetics indicated that the enzyme is heat sensitive.The enzyme exhibited high affinity toward epicatechin(Km=5.93 mM).A PEO browning model based on epicatechin was established,and the Weibull model accurately described browning development,supporting enzymatic browning as a key contributor to color deterioration during storage.L-cysteine(L-Cys)was evaluated as an antibrowning agent and showed a mixed inhibition pattern in kinetic assays;fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking suggested that its interaction with the enzyme is mainly stabilized by hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic contacts.Overall,this work clarifies the biochemical origin of oleoresin discoloration and provides a mechanistic basis for miti-gating rosin darkening during storage.展开更多
Mexican oregano(Lippia graveolens Kunth)is an aromatic species of high culinary and medicinal relevance.In Mexico,more than 40 taxa with characteristic aroma and flavor are commercially recognized as oregano,with L.gr...Mexican oregano(Lippia graveolens Kunth)is an aromatic species of high culinary and medicinal relevance.In Mexico,more than 40 taxa with characteristic aroma and flavor are commercially recognized as oregano,with L.graveolens being the most widely distributed and economically important.Despite its relevance,few domesticated or semi-domesticated cultivars exist,and wild populations remain the main source of raw material,raising concerns regarding sustainability and quality standardization.The essential oil and oleoresins of L.graveolens possess recognized bioactivity,including antioxidant,antifungal,antibacterial,and anti-inflammatory properties,largely attributed to phenolic compounds such as thymol and carvacrol.Given the increasing global demand for natural bioactives and functional foods,optimizing cultivation practices is essential to enhance both the yield and phytochemical quality of this species.This study evaluated the effect of organic fertilization(0,5,10,and 15 t ha^(−1)of vermicompost)on the phenolic profile,flavonoid content,and antioxidant capacity of oregano oleoresin obtained from a semi-domesticated population across three harvests.The highest phenolic concentration(≈500 mg GAE g^(−1)extract)and greatest antioxidant activity(ABTS>3.5×10^(5)μmol TE g^(−1)extract)were observed at the 5 t ha^(−1)dose during the second harvest.Flavonoid content peaked in the third harvest(480-620 mg QE g^(−1)extract),whereas the unfertilized control exhibited the highest DPPH activity in the first harvest.Overall,the results indicate that vermicompost dosage and harvest timing substantially influence the functional quality of L.graveolens.Moderate organic fertilization,particularly 5 t ha^(−1),enhances the biosynthesis of bioactive secondary metabolites,underscoring its potential for sustainable production systems.展开更多
The volatile oil was extracted from Curcuma longa and Turmeric oleoresin by Soxhelt method with petroleum ether.All the volatile oil was analyzed of chemical component by the method of GC-MS,the relative contents of t...The volatile oil was extracted from Curcuma longa and Turmeric oleoresin by Soxhelt method with petroleum ether.All the volatile oil was analyzed of chemical component by the method of GC-MS,the relative contents of these compounds were calculated using square peaks to normalization.On the volatile oil of Curcuma longa 35 peaks were separated and 21 compounds were identified,which accounted for 89.10%,the main chemical constituents was (-)-Zingiberene(22.12%),β-Sesquiphellandrene(15.24%),α-Turmerone (11.30%),β-Turmerone (8.87%),Ar-turmerone(8.20%),but on the volatile oil of Turmeric oleoresin 32 peaks were separated,of which 21 compounds were identified,which accounted for 90.12% the main chemical constituents was (-)-Zingiberene(23.92%),β-Sesquiphellandrene(15.73%),Ar-turmerone(12.89%),β-Turmerone(10.85%).展开更多
文摘Oleoresin is a major non-forest product collected from commercially mature or near mature pine trees. Efforts have been made to increase oleoresin yield, but basically limited to the genetic improvement of planting materials and the application of chemical stimulants to tapping surface of trees. Nutrition management may play a role, particularly for pine stands suffering from soil acidification and degradation. We set up a field experiment including application of water retainer, NPK complex fertilizer, lime and borax in different combinations to pine stands for oleoresin tapping with extremely low soil pH value and nutrition. Lime significantly affected the annual yield of oleoresin tapped from two pine species studied (P < 0.05). Among 3 levels of lime applied (0, 100, 200 g/tree), the oleoresin yield increased as the dose increased in slash pine, but was highest at 100 g/tree in masson pine. The doses of 167 g and 133 g of lime per tree were optimal or close to be optimal for slash pine and masson pine, respectively. The effects of other three matters applied were statistically insignificant (P > 0.10). In addition, all of the four matters applied did not influence the growth of both pine species. We concluded that proper use of lime alone may generate 15% to 35% of gain in oleoresin production for pine plantations with similar soil conditions in the region. We also discussed the potential of comprehensive soil or site management, and proposed further research for improvement of pine oleoresin production.
文摘Earlier it has been observed that oleoresin of Zingiber officinale is a potent molluscicide ag- ainst Lymnaea acuminata. This snail is the vector of Fasciola species, which cause ende- mic fascioliasis in eastern Uttar Pradesh. As this snail breeds and maintain their population constant through out the year, so that the present study has been designed to find out the effect of variations in some environmental factors in different seasons, on the molluscicidal activity of oleoresin of Zingiber officinale and its relative effect on certain enzymes viz., acetylcholinesterase, acid and alkaline phosphatases in the nervous tissue of the snail Lymnaea acuminata. In this study temperature, pH, dissolve oxygen, free carbon dioxide, conductivity of the water in control, as well as molluscicide treated water, was measured simultaneously. LC50 value of oleoresin was determined in each month of the year. Toxicity of oleoresin in June-July (24 h LC50 16.54-14.28 mgL-1) is highest. Acetylcholinesterase, acid and alkaline phosphatases activity in the nervous tissue of the snails treated with sub-lethal concentration of oleoresin was simultaneously measured. Sig- nificant positive rank correlation, in between the acetylcholinesterase or acid phosphatase activity and LC50 of oleoresin was observed. The pre- sent study conclusively shows that variant abi- otic factors can significantly alter the toxicity of oleoresin of Z. officinale in L. acuminata. The most suitable period for control of L. acuminata is June-July.
基金CNPq(Brazilian National Research Council)which has awarded us a grant for this research
文摘Microorganism resistance to the existing products is yet another difficulty that agriculturalists have to deal with. In this context, the search for new agricultural products that can fight phytopathogens has become increasingly important. Plants have played an important role in this process, because they can serve as a source of new compounds for drug discovery. Plants belonging to the genus Pinus produce an oleoresin that protects the plant against herbivores and pathogens. With a view to developing products that can combat fungal pathogens without harming the environment, this work aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of the oleoresins and fractions of Pinus elliottii Engelm and Pinus tropicalis against phytopathogens. The methodology based on NCCLS M38-A standards aided antifungal activity assessment. The microdilution method helped to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC). The oleoresins of P. elliottii and P. tropicalis afforded the most significant results—they displayed fungicidal activity against all the tested species. MIC values were promising, especially the MIC of the oleoresin of P. elliottii against S. rolfsii (1.95 μg·mL-1). The MIC values of the oleoresins of P. elliottii and P. tropicalis ranged from 1.95 to 1000 μg·mL-1 and from 31.25 to 250 μg·mL-1, respectively. Fraction PT2 of P. tropicalis furnished the best results among all the assayed fractions: MIC values lay between 125 and 500 μg·mL-11. In conclusion, the oleoresin of P. tropicalis is a promising source of new antifungal agents for application in the treatment of phytopathogenic infections.
文摘Ginger oleoresin is to present the main substance of ginger spicy flavor and aroma from the ginger extract.How to extract a high concentration of ginger oleoresin from ginger ginger is an important research direction.In this paper, different ginger oleoresin extraction process gives a brief introduction and comparison;Finally the application of ginger oleoresin in food and medicine are introduced in the paper.
文摘This study aims to investigate the antioxidant potential,bioactive retention,and antidepressant effects of native and encapsulated oleoresins from pepper,turmeric,and chili to enhance their therapeutic efficacy.The major challenge in utilizing spice oleoresins is their low bioavailability and stability,which this study addresses through nano-encapsulation using hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin(HpBcD).The encapsulated oleoresins were evaluated for their total polyphenol,flavonoid content,and antioxidant activity,revealing that turmeric oleo resin(TOR)demonstrated the highest antioxidant potential,followed by chili(COR)and pepper(POR).How ever,nano-encapsulation reduced antioxidant activity by 50-60%,although it significantly improved the stability and bioavailability of bioactives.Molecular docking studies further confirmed strong binding affinities between bioactive compounds(piperine,curcumin,and capsaicin)and depression-related proteins,including serotonin,Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor(BDNF),and Monoamine Oxidase(MAO),indicating potential antidepressant effects.This study highlights the novelty of nano-encapsulation in enhancing the bioactivity and therapeutic potential of spice oleoresins,offering promising insights for developing natural antidepressant for-mulations or functional foods to combat depression and neurodegenerative disorders.
文摘Objective:This study investigated the oral bioavailability and anti-obesity effects of oleoresin extracted from seeds of Nigella sativa L.(NS),in high-fat-diet-fed C57BL/6 mice.NS is rich in polyphenols,flavonoids,and unsaturated fatty acids;known for their anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.However,its role in modulating lipid and energy metabolism remains unexplored.Methods:Oleoresin was administered orally as well as intravenously(IV),and whole blood was collected at predetermined time points.Thymoquinone(TQ)concentration in plasma was quantified using HPLC.For antiobesity assessment,36 male C57BL/6 mice were divided into six groups,one normal diet and five HFD groups.NS oleoresin was administered daily at doses 50,100,and 200 mg/kg body weight(BW)for 8 weeks.Results:Treatment groups showed significant reductions in body weight,blood glucose,LDL,triglycerides,total cholesterol,and liver size,along with an increase in HDL levels.Gene expression analysis revealed that oleoresin downregulated CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha(C/EBPα)and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma(PPARγ)expression,while slightly upregulating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPKα)gene in the higher dose group.Although the mitochondrial uncoupling protein(UCP1)was not significantly altered,expression of sirtuin 1 and PGC-1,was enhanced indicating enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis,insulin sensitivity and weight reduction.Histopathological examination showed reversal of hepatic steatosis,as well as regular-sized adipocytes in dose-dependent treatment.Conclusion:NS seed oleoresin supplementation may reduce the BW and lipid profile induced by HFD when given in higher doses via activation of AMPK/SIRT1 pathway,potentially serving as a functional food therapeutic against obesity and related complications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32160349,22368006)Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(Grant No.2024GXNSFAA999185)Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology(Grant No.2024Z002).
文摘Pinus elliottii oleoresin(PEO)is a renewable feedstock for producing rosin and turpentine,yet storage-induced enzymatic browning can markedly impair the color quality of PEO and downstream rosin products.Rosin-derived materials are used in food-related products,including beverage emulsions and food-contact pack-aging;therefore,maintaining color stability is important for both consumer acceptance and commercial value.In this study,enzymatic browning in wet-stored PEO was linked to the leaching of phenolics from impurity pine needles into the aqueous phase.Polyphenol oxidase(PPO)was extracted from Pinus elliottii needles and char-acterized.The enzyme showed maximal activity at pH 7.0 and 35℃ and retained more than 80%activity over pH 6.5-7.5.Thermal deactivation kinetics indicated that the enzyme is heat sensitive.The enzyme exhibited high affinity toward epicatechin(Km=5.93 mM).A PEO browning model based on epicatechin was established,and the Weibull model accurately described browning development,supporting enzymatic browning as a key contributor to color deterioration during storage.L-cysteine(L-Cys)was evaluated as an antibrowning agent and showed a mixed inhibition pattern in kinetic assays;fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking suggested that its interaction with the enzyme is mainly stabilized by hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic contacts.Overall,this work clarifies the biochemical origin of oleoresin discoloration and provides a mechanistic basis for miti-gating rosin darkening during storage.
文摘Mexican oregano(Lippia graveolens Kunth)is an aromatic species of high culinary and medicinal relevance.In Mexico,more than 40 taxa with characteristic aroma and flavor are commercially recognized as oregano,with L.graveolens being the most widely distributed and economically important.Despite its relevance,few domesticated or semi-domesticated cultivars exist,and wild populations remain the main source of raw material,raising concerns regarding sustainability and quality standardization.The essential oil and oleoresins of L.graveolens possess recognized bioactivity,including antioxidant,antifungal,antibacterial,and anti-inflammatory properties,largely attributed to phenolic compounds such as thymol and carvacrol.Given the increasing global demand for natural bioactives and functional foods,optimizing cultivation practices is essential to enhance both the yield and phytochemical quality of this species.This study evaluated the effect of organic fertilization(0,5,10,and 15 t ha^(−1)of vermicompost)on the phenolic profile,flavonoid content,and antioxidant capacity of oregano oleoresin obtained from a semi-domesticated population across three harvests.The highest phenolic concentration(≈500 mg GAE g^(−1)extract)and greatest antioxidant activity(ABTS>3.5×10^(5)μmol TE g^(−1)extract)were observed at the 5 t ha^(−1)dose during the second harvest.Flavonoid content peaked in the third harvest(480-620 mg QE g^(−1)extract),whereas the unfertilized control exhibited the highest DPPH activity in the first harvest.Overall,the results indicate that vermicompost dosage and harvest timing substantially influence the functional quality of L.graveolens.Moderate organic fertilization,particularly 5 t ha^(−1),enhances the biosynthesis of bioactive secondary metabolites,underscoring its potential for sustainable production systems.
文摘The volatile oil was extracted from Curcuma longa and Turmeric oleoresin by Soxhelt method with petroleum ether.All the volatile oil was analyzed of chemical component by the method of GC-MS,the relative contents of these compounds were calculated using square peaks to normalization.On the volatile oil of Curcuma longa 35 peaks were separated and 21 compounds were identified,which accounted for 89.10%,the main chemical constituents was (-)-Zingiberene(22.12%),β-Sesquiphellandrene(15.24%),α-Turmerone (11.30%),β-Turmerone (8.87%),Ar-turmerone(8.20%),but on the volatile oil of Turmeric oleoresin 32 peaks were separated,of which 21 compounds were identified,which accounted for 90.12% the main chemical constituents was (-)-Zingiberene(23.92%),β-Sesquiphellandrene(15.73%),Ar-turmerone(12.89%),β-Turmerone(10.85%).
