Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)represents one of the most common medical complications of pregnancy and is important to the well-being of both mothers and offspring in the short and long term.Lifestyle intervention...Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)represents one of the most common medical complications of pregnancy and is important to the well-being of both mothers and offspring in the short and long term.Lifestyle intervention remains the mainstay for the management of GDM.The efficacy of nutritional approaches(e.g.calorie restriction and small frequent meals)to improving the maternal-neonatal outcomes of GDM was attested to by Chinese population data,discussed in two articles in recent issues of this journal.However,a specific focus on the relevance of postprandial glycaemic control was lacking.Postprandial rather than fasting hyperglycaemia often represents the predominant manifestation of disordered glucose homeostasis in Chinese women with GDM.There is now increasing appreciation that the rate of gastric emptying,which controls the delivery of nutrients for digestion and absorption in the small intestine,is a key determinant of postprandial glycaemia in both health,type 1 and 2 diabetes.It remains to be established whether gastric emptying is abnormally rapid in GDM,particularly among Chinese women,thus contributing to a predisposition to postprandial hyperglycaemia,and if so,how this influences the therapeutic response to nutritional interventions.It is essential that we understand the role of gastric emptying in the regulation of postprandial glycaemia during pregnancy and the potential for its modulation by nutritional strategies in order to improve postprandial glycaemic control in GDM.展开更多
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with an increased risk of multiple extradigestive complic-ations.Thus,understanding the global epidemiology of obesity and its relation-ship with extradigestive complications,such as c...BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with an increased risk of multiple extradigestive complic-ations.Thus,understanding the global epidemiology of obesity and its relation-ship with extradigestive complications,such as cardiovascular disease,type 2 diabetes mellitus,and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is important.However,nutritional intervention can positively manage issues associated with obesity.Hence,the identification of the current high prevalence of extradigestive complica-tions among patients with obesity and the potential role of nutritional inter-ventions is also essential.AIM To determine the relationship between obesity and extradigestive complications and emphasize the importance of nutritional interventions in the management of patients with obesity.METHODS Overall,110 patients with obesity admitted to our hospital from February 2020 to November 2022 and 100 healthy individuals were included in the present study.Information of the study population,including demographic characteristics,such as age,sex,body mass index,indicators of extradigestive complications,dietary intake,and biomarkers was collected.The study design,participant selection,interventions,and development of the nutritional intervention program were described.The collected data were analyzed to assess the effect of nutritional inter-ventions on extradigestive complications.RESULTS As a part of nutritional intervention,the dietary structure was modified to decrease the saturated fatty acid and cholesterol intake and increase the dietary fiber and polyunsaturated fatty acid intake to improve the blood lipid levels and cardiovascular health.Mechanistic studies showed that these nutritional inter-ventions positively affected mechanisms that regulate lipid metabolism,improved inflammatory markers in the blood,and improved vascular functions.CONCLUSION The study discusses the consistency of the present results with previous findings to assess the clinical significance of the present findings.The study provides direction for future research on improving nutritional intervention strategies.展开更多
Energy metabolism is vital to the body's metabolic processes.A key player in the production of ATP,mitochondria directly affect energy homeostasis.Mitochondrial dysfunction is the cause of many diseases.Many repor...Energy metabolism is vital to the body's metabolic processes.A key player in the production of ATP,mitochondria directly affect energy homeostasis.Mitochondrial dysfunction is the cause of many diseases.Many reports have suggested that nutritional interventions can play a protective role against the development of mitochondrial dysfunction or in ameliorating existing dysfunction,such as by improving energy metabolism.This review focuses on the impact of different nutritional interventions on energy metabolism.展开更多
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is an endocrine disease that combines metabolic,reproductive,and psychological dysfunctions.Ovulation disorders and impaired endometrial receptivity in PCOS can cause infertil...BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is an endocrine disease that combines metabolic,reproductive,and psychological dysfunctions.Ovulation disorders and impaired endometrial receptivity in PCOS can cause infertility.Insulin resistance(IR)is a pathological state of inadequate response to insulin that affects reproduction in PCOS,as damage caused by IR at the endometrial level becomes an obstacle for embryo implantation.Reversing IR resulted in spontaneous pregnancies in PCOS patients,indicating that metabolic corrections improve endometrial dysfunctions.Mesenchymal stem-cell treatment has also corrected endometrial quality and lead to pregnancies in patients with Asherman’s syndrome.We propose a combination of nutritional intervention with the surgical placement of stem cells to improve endometrial quality to achieve pregnancy in a PCOS patient undergoing in vitro fertilization(IVF)treatment.CASE SUMMARY After two failed IVF cycles,a metabolic intervention,consisting of a ketogenic diet with daily consumption of 50 g of carbohydrates(CH),was indicated until pregnancy.Metabolic Syndrome was assessed using the Harmonizing Definition(3 of 5 pathologies:Central obesity,hypertension,hyperglycemia,hypertriglyceridemia,and dyslipidemia),and the Homeostatic Model Assessment of IR(HOMA-IR)was used to measure the level of IR.Once IR improved,endometrial quality improved.However,two day 5-thawed embryos(euploid,donated oocyte–partner's sperm)failed to implant,suggesting endometrial quality improvement was insufficient.Therefore,transmyometrial implantation of mesenchymal stem cells from the stromal vascular fraction of adipose tissue was performed to enrich the endometrial stem cell niche.Minimal endometrial mean thickness for embryo transfer(6.9 mm)was achieved three months after stem cell treatment and continuous dietary control of IR.Two euploid-day 5-thawed embryos(donated oocyte–partner's sperm)were transferred,and embryo implantation was confirmed on day 14 byβ-hCG serum levels.Currently,a 37 wk baby girl is born.CONCLUSION In PCOS,endometrial quality can be improved by combining nutrient-based metabolic correction with endometrial stem cell niche enrichment.展开更多
Gastrointestinal malignancies,particularly pancreatobiliary and gastroesophageal cancers,are associated with poor prognosis due to their frequent late-stage diagnosis.Many of these tumors contribute to anorexia-cachex...Gastrointestinal malignancies,particularly pancreatobiliary and gastroesophageal cancers,are associated with poor prognosis due to their frequent late-stage diagnosis.Many of these tumors contribute to anorexia-cachexia syndrome and malnutrition,further exacerbating disease progression.Inflammation plays a crucial role in tumor proliferation,and growing evidence suggests that gut microbiome significantly influence inflammatory responses and clinical outcomes in these patients.Additionally,the gut microbiome contributes to carcinogenesis through multiple mechanisms,including DNA damage,activation of oncogenic pathways,and modulation of immune responses.The emerging field of nutritional interventions highlight the microbiome’s impact on anticancer drug responses,affecting both chemotherapy and molecular-targeted treatments.Given its pivotal role,microbiome modulation through probiotics,fecal microbiome transplantation,and antibiotics represents a promising approach for cancer pre-vention and treatment.In this review,we explore the intricate interplay between gut microbiome,inflammation,and nutritional status in gastrointestinal cancers,emphasizing potential therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes.展开更多
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a globally prevalent gastrointestinal malignant cancer,especially in elderly patients.Currently,surgery resection remains the primary treatment due to its favorable therapeutic outc...BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a globally prevalent gastrointestinal malignant cancer,especially in elderly patients.Currently,surgery resection remains the primary treatment due to its favorable therapeutic outcomes.However,postoperative deterioration in nutritional status and quality of life(QoL)remains a concern.The geriatric nutritional risk index(GNRI),which is calculated based on serum albumin levels and the ratio of normal body weight to ideal body weight,is easily accessible and accurate,making it increasingly popular in clinical practice.AIM To investigate the impact of GNRI-guided tiered nutritional interventions on postoperative nutritional recovery and QoL in elderly CRC patients.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on 135 elderly CRC patients undergoing radical resection at our hospital from September 2022 to December 2024.Participants were divided into two cohorts:The research group(n=61)received GNRI-based graded nutritional support,while the control group(n=65)received conventional nutritional intervention.Clinical indicators,such as postoperative passage of gas by anus,incidence/duration of postoperative fever,hospitalization length and costs,were compared between the two groups.Nutritional biomarkers,including hemoglobin,prealbumin,transferrin,and Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment scores were assessed on postoperative day 1 and post-intervention(day 1 after intervention).The Generic QoL Inventory-74 was employed to assess physical function,social function,material life,and psychological function in the two groups.Immunoglobulin(Ig)(IgG,IgA,IgM)and inflammatory markers[nuclear factor kappa B,interleukin(IL)-1,tumor necrosis factor-α,IL-8]were compared between groups.Complication rates were also monitored.RESULTS The research group showed significantly faster postoperative passage of gas by anus,fewer instances of fever,reduced fever duration,shorter hospitalization duration,and lower costs compared with the control group(P<0.05).Following intervention,the research group exhibited higher levels of hemoglobin,prealbumin,and transferrin,and lower Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment scores vs the control group(P<0.05).Scores for physical function,social function,material life,and psychological function showed substantial improvement(P<0.05).Levels of IgG,IgA,and IgM were significantly elevated in the research group(P<0.05),while nuclear factor kappa B,IL-1,tumor necrosis factor-α,and IL-8 levels were noticeably lowered vs the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of overall complications within the research group reached 24.59%,notably lower than that(43.08%)observed in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION GNRI-based graded nutritional intervention in elderly CRC patients can significantly improve postoperative recovery,enhance their nutritional status and QoL,promote immune function recovery,attenuate inflammation,and lower the incidence of postoperative complications.This protocol represents a clinically viable strategy for optimizing postoperative care.展开更多
BACKGROUND Acute ischemic stroke(AIS)is a leading global cause of disability and mortality,with post-stroke cognitive impairment(PSCI)affecting 20%-40%of survivors.PSCI ranges from mild cognitive decline to dementia,s...BACKGROUND Acute ischemic stroke(AIS)is a leading global cause of disability and mortality,with post-stroke cognitive impairment(PSCI)affecting 20%-40%of survivors.PSCI ranges from mild cognitive decline to dementia,severely hindering functional recovery,increasing healthcare costs,and elevating risks of recurrent stroke and death.While nutritional support aids neuronal repair and reduces oxidative damage,and social support alleviates psychological distress,existing studies often evaluate these interventions in isolation.This study investigates the combined effects of standardized nutritional intervention and structured social support on cognitive function,psychological status,and quality of life(QoL)in AIS patients with cognitive dysfunction,aiming to establish an integrated rehabilitation model.AIM To explore the effects of nutritional intervention and social support on the cognitive function and psychological status in patients with acute cerebral infarction complicated by cognitive dysfunction.METHODS A retrospective study was conducted.A total of 59 patients with acute cerebral infarction complicated by cognitive dysfunction from January 2023 to December 2023 were selected as the control group.Another 59 patients with the same condition were selected as the research group.The research group received standardized nutritional intervention and regular social support,including dietary guidance,nutritional supplementation,psychological counseling,and family support plans.The control group received routine medical care.Cognitive function,anxiety,depression,QoL,sleep quality,nutritional status,and family satisfaction were compared between the two groups.RESULTS The Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)and Mini-Mental State Examination differences(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that increases in serum albumin(Alb),prealbumin(PAB),and hemoglobin(Hb)were all highly and significantly associated with improvements in MMSE and MoCA scores(P<0.05).The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale scores of the research group were lower than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The scores of QoL dimensions in the research group were higher than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores and total score of the research group were lower than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The serum Alb,PAB,and Hb levels in the research group were higher than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The Social Disability Screening Schedule scores of the research group were lower than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The family satisfaction of the research group was significantly higher than that of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Nutritional intervention and social support significantly improved the cognitive function,psychological status,and QoL in patients with acute cerebral infarction complicated by cognitive dysfunction.These interventions reduced anxiety and depression symptoms,improved sleep and nutritional status,and enhanced the social adaptability of patients as well as family satisfaction.展开更多
BACKGROUND Patients with liver cirrhosis often experience muscle wasting that significantly affects their quality of life.AIM To investigate the effects of comprehensive nutritional and psychological interventions bas...BACKGROUND Patients with liver cirrhosis often experience muscle wasting that significantly affects their quality of life.AIM To investigate the effects of comprehensive nutritional and psychological interventions based on an amino acid-balanced diet on muscle wasting and quality of life in patients with liver cirrhosis.METHODS A retrospective study of 130 patients with liver cirrhosis(May 2023 to June 2024)was divided into control(conventional treatment,n=65)and observational groups(conventional+amino acid-balanced nutrition and psychological intervention,n=65).Anxiety(Self-Rating Anxiety Scale),depression(Self-Rating Depression Scale),lower limb muscle strength,and quality of life(Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire)were assessed pre-intervention,and 3/6 months postintervention.RESULTS At baseline,no significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of age,sex,etiology of cirrhosis,disease duration,disease severity,or any other measured outcome(P>0.05).At 3 months and 6 months post-intervention,the observational group exhibited significantly lower Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale scores than the control group(P<0.05),indicating reduced anxiety and depression as well as higher grip strength and increased lower limb muscle strength(P<0.05).Additionally,the observational group demonstrated superior Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire scores across all domains, reflecting an improved quality of life (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONAn amino acid-balanced diet and psychological intervention can effectively alleviate anxiety and depression andimprove muscle strength and quality of life in patients with cirrhosis and are worthy of clinical promotion.展开更多
Esophageal cancer is one of the common malignant tumors worldwide,and nutritional support during its treatment is of great significance for improving patients’quality of life and treatment outcomes.This paper aims to...Esophageal cancer is one of the common malignant tumors worldwide,and nutritional support during its treatment is of great significance for improving patients’quality of life and treatment outcomes.This paper aims to explore the application effect of full-course nutritional management in patients with esophageal cancer undergoing radiotherapy.Using a randomized controlled trial design,patients were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group in a 1:1 ratio.The experimental group received full-course nutritional management,while the control group received routine care.Statistical analysis showed that the degree of weight loss in the experimental group after radiotherapy was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),the improvement in nutritional status was more obvious,and the incidence of radiotherapy-related adverse reactions was also significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).It can be seen that full-course nutritional management can effectively improve the nutritional status of patients with esophageal cancer undergoing radiotherapy,reduce radiotherapy adverse reactions,and enhance patients’quality of life and treatment effects[1].It has important clinical application value and is worthy of promotion in clinical practice.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)can lead to excessive pregnancy weight gain(PWG),abnormal glucolipid metabolism,and delayed lactation.Therefore,it is necessary to provide appropriate and effective interve...BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)can lead to excessive pregnancy weight gain(PWG),abnormal glucolipid metabolism,and delayed lactation.Therefore,it is necessary to provide appropriate and effective interventions for pregnant women with GDM.AIM To clarify the effects of individualized nutrition interventions on PWG,glucolipid metabolism,and lactation in pregnant women with GDM.METHODS The study population consisted of 410 pregnant women with GDM who received treatment at the Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital of Jiangsu Provinceand Yangzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital between December 2020 and December 2022,including 200 who received routine in-terventions[control(Con)group]and 210 who received individualized nutrition interventions[research(Res)group].Data on PWG,glucolipid metabolism[total cholesterol,(TC);triglycerides(TGs);fasting blood glucose(FPG);glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)],lactation time,perinatal complications(cesarean section,premature rupture of membranes,postpartum hemorrhage,and pregnancy-induced hypertension),and neonatal adverse events(premature infants,fetal macrosomia,hypo-glycemia,and respiratory distress syndrome)were collected for comparative analysis.RESULTS The data revealed markedly lower PWG in the Res group vs the Con group,as well as markedly reduced TG,TC,FPG and HbA1c levels after the intervention that were lower than those in the Con group.In addition,obviously earlier lactation and statistically lower incidences of perinatal complications and neonatal adverse events were observed in the Res group.CONCLUSION Individualized nutrition interventions can reduce PWG in pregnant women with GDM,improve their glucolipid metabolism,and promote early lactation,which deserves clinical promotion.展开更多
Cancer patients develop cachexia due to systemic inflammation, negative protein and energy balance. Esperer Onco Nutrition (EON) has come up with innovative nutritional supplements (EON Therapy) that help patients tak...Cancer patients develop cachexia due to systemic inflammation, negative protein and energy balance. Esperer Onco Nutrition (EON) has come up with innovative nutritional supplements (EON Therapy) that help patients take the rigours of cancer therapy thereby improving prognosis and Quality of Life (QoL). This Post-marketing surveillance study was undertaken on 38 volunteers to assess the impact of EON therapy on cachexia and QoL of patients undergoing curative treatment. Body weight and biochemical parameters of the volunteers were recorded at each visit. Volunteers were assessed using ECOG Scale and Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST) to assess impact of nutritional supplements on QoL. Weight loss was observed in most of the patients for first two visits but the patients gained weight over subsequent visits and average weight at end of the study was higher than initial weight. At the end of study 22 of 38 volunteers gained weight and 7 volunteers maintained initial weight. The biochemical parameters either showed improvement or remained same. The QoL analysis indicated a marked improvement in physical wellness and nutritional status and no adverse effects were reported. In conclusion, the study underlines importance of research based on nutritional supplements for cancer patients for better disease management and prognosis.展开更多
Objective To explore the effectiveness of a nutritional intervention in rescuers who screened positive for depression.Methods A randomized controlled trial design was employed.From June to August,2022,4,460 rescuers w...Objective To explore the effectiveness of a nutritional intervention in rescuers who screened positive for depression.Methods A randomized controlled trial design was employed.From June to August,2022,4,460 rescuers were screened using the Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),and 1,615 positive cases were identified.Thirty-one volunteers were recruited and randomly divided into a nutritional intervention group and a control group.The intervention group received health education and nutritional intervention(a compound paste therapy primarily composed of red roses and Seville orange flowers),while the control group received psychological education.SDS scores were assessed before and after the intervention.Results There was a statistically significant decline in SDS scores in the nutritional intervention group after the intervention(P<0.05).Furthermore,the SDS scores of the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group,both before and after the intervention(P<0.05).No severe adverse reactions were observed during safety evaluation.Conclusion The nutritional intervention effectively reduced the depression scores in rescuers.Early nutritional intervention is recommended for rescuers who initially screen positive for depression.展开更多
Introduction: Laryngeal carcinoma accounts for 13.9% of head and neck tumors, and squamous cell carcinoma is the main pathological type. At present, the treatment of laryngeal cancer is mainly surgical treatment or po...Introduction: Laryngeal carcinoma accounts for 13.9% of head and neck tumors, and squamous cell carcinoma is the main pathological type. At present, the treatment of laryngeal cancer is mainly surgical treatment or postoperative radiotherapy. The surgery is delicate, complex, time-consuming and traumatic. Postoperative patients are prone to dysphagia, leading to an increase in the incidence of malnutrition. Malnutrition can cause a series of negative effects, including weight loss, increased incidence of infection, reduced tolerance of anti-tumor treatment, and extended length of hospital stay. Therefore, how to effectively improve the nutritional status of laryngeal cancer patients through nursing intervention has become an important topic of nursing research. Objective: Investigate the effect of individualized nutrition intervention care combined with swallowing training on postoperative nutritional status in patients with laryngeal cancer. Methods: A total of 120 consecutive patients who underwent laryngeal surgery at our hospital for the first time between May 2018 and May 2021 were selected for the study and equally divided into the control group and the study group by the random number table method, with 60 patients in each group. Patients in the control group were given swallowing function training and health counseling, and the study group adopted individualized nutrition intervention care based on the control group. The nutritional status, swallowing function, and quality of life (QOL) of the patients were assessed using the Patient-generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI), and Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core30 (QLQ-C30) before the intervention and three months after the intervention. Results: Before the intervention, the scores of MDADI, PG-SGA, and QLQ-C30 were not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05), and three months after the intervention, the scores of MDADI and QLQ-C30 increased and the score of PG-SGA decreased in the study group, with significant differences (P 0.05). At three months after the intervention, patients in the study group had higher scores on MDADI, QLQ-C30 and lower scores on PG-SGA than the control group, with significant differences (P Conclusion: Combining individualized nutrition intervention care with swallowing training improves the postoperative nutritional status, swallowing function, and QOL of patients with laryngeal cancer.展开更多
Spinal cord injury(SCI)is a common disease in spinal surgery.SCI affects the metabolism of patients and changes their lifestyle.Nutritional problems may occur,which may be manifested as insufficient or overnutrition.N...Spinal cord injury(SCI)is a common disease in spinal surgery.SCI affects the metabolism of patients and changes their lifestyle.Nutritional problems may occur,which may be manifested as insufficient or overnutrition.Nutrition status is related to many complications and final outcome after SCI.In this paper,the nutritional status of patients with SCI and the progress of nutritional intervention were reviewed by comprehensive domestic and foreign literature.Medical staff should routinely screen and evaluate the nutrition of patients after SCI operation,and provide comprehensive nutritional intervention such as diet,exercise and dietary supplement.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the intervention effect of nutritional intervention combined with predictive nursing on patients undergoing chemotherapy for lung cancer.Methods:A total of 88 lung cancer chemotherapy patients ad...Objective:To evaluate the intervention effect of nutritional intervention combined with predictive nursing on patients undergoing chemotherapy for lung cancer.Methods:A total of 88 lung cancer chemotherapy patients admitted between January 2023 and June 2024 were selected and randomly divided into groups using a random number table.The experimental group(44 cases)received nutritional intervention combined with predictive nursing,while the control group(44 cases)received predictive nursing alone.Nutritional status scores,nutritional indicators,quality of life scores,and adverse reaction rates were compared between the two groups.Results:After the intervention,the nutritional status scores of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group,while the levels of nutritional indicators in the experimental group were better than those in the control group.The quality of life scores in the experimental group were lower than in the control group,and the adverse reaction rates were also lower in the experimental group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Nutritional intervention combined with predictive nursing can improve the nutritional status of lung cancer chemotherapy patients,regulate multiple nutritional indicators,enhance quality of life,and reduce chemotherapy-related adverse reactions.展开更多
BACKGROUND Perinatal depression affects 10%-20%of pregnant women and subsequently influences maternal health and fetal development.Concerns over the safety of antidepressants during pregnancy have prompted the explora...BACKGROUND Perinatal depression affects 10%-20%of pregnant women and subsequently influences maternal health and fetal development.Concerns over the safety of antidepressants during pregnancy have prompted the exploration of nutritional interventions as adjunct therapies.This study evaluated the impact of combining preconception and prenatal supplementation with myo-inositol,probiotics,and trace elements on mood,quality of life,and fetal development in depressed mothers.This retrospective cohort study included 314 pregnant women who were diag-nosed with mild to moderate depression,as determined by a Zung self-rating depression scale score of less than 69.The participants were divided into an intervention group(n=161)receiving myo-inositol,probiotics,and trace elements and a control group(n=153)without supplementation.Supplementation comm-enced 3 months before conception and continued through pregnancy.Psychiatric symptoms and quality of life were evaluated using the positive and negative affect schedule-now,state-trait anxiety inventory,Patient Health Ques-tionnaire-8,and World Health Organization Quality of life Assessment:Brief Version scales preconception and postpartum.Fetal development metrics were assessed via ultrasound,and neonatal outcomes were recorded.RESULTS The intervention group presented significant reductions in gestational diabetes mellitus(13.04%vs 23.53%,P=0.016)and gestational hypertension(3.73%vs 9.15%,P=0.049).Higher levels of inositol,iron,zinc,and probiotics were observed near term in the intervention group.Postpartum mood assessments indicated lower anxiety and depression scores for the intervention group,with significant improvements in the positive and negative affect schedule-now(P=0.002),trait anxiety(P=0.002),and Patient Health Questionnaire-8(P=0.018)scores.The World Health Organization Quality of life Assessment:Brief Version scores improved in the psychological(P=0.041)and environmental(P=0.009)domains postpartum.Fetal biparietal diameter and femoral length were greater in the intervention group alongside better neonatal body length and reduced neonatal unit admissions(2.48%vs 7.84%,P=0.031).CONCLUSION Combined supplementation with myo-inositol,probiotics,and trace elements from preconception through pregnancy may reduce pregnancy-related complications,enhance mood and quality of life,and improve fetal growth metrics.展开更多
High-risk infants,from fetal stage to 3-year-old,face severe physical and mental development threats due to biological,psychological,or environmental factors.These threats can lead to developmental delay and cognitive...High-risk infants,from fetal stage to 3-year-old,face severe physical and mental development threats due to biological,psychological,or environmental factors.These threats can lead to developmental delay and cognitive impairment,affecting their future quality of life and social integration.Scientific health management,with nutritional intervention as a key part,is urgently needed.Nutritional intervention,through targeted supplementation and feeding guidance,can optimize their development,avoid nutritional-related deviations,reduce long-term disease risk,and lay a healthy growth foundation.This study analyzes the positive effects of nutritional intervention on high-risk infants’physical growth,neural development,and disease prevention,providing scientific evidence for optimizing clinical follow-up strategies.展开更多
Chicken meat quality directly influences consumer acceptability and is crucial for the economic success of the poultry industry.Genetics and nutrition are key determinants of the meat quality traits in broilers.This r...Chicken meat quality directly influences consumer acceptability and is crucial for the economic success of the poultry industry.Genetics and nutrition are key determinants of the meat quality traits in broilers.This review summarizes the research advances in this field,with a focus on the genetic and nutritional foundations that regulate intramuscular fat(IMF)deposition and meat quality in chickens over the past decade.The effects of embryonic nutrition,both maternal nutrition and in ovo feeding(IOF),on skeletal muscle development,the IMF content,and meat quality traits in broilers are also discussed.In genetics,single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that de novo lipogenesis predominantly occurs in myocytes,which is key to the formation of IMF in chicken muscle tissue.Fatty acid synthase(FASN)is the key enzyme involved in this process.This discovery has reshaped the traditional understanding of intramuscular lipid metabolism in poultry.Key genes,proteins,and pathways,such as FASN,FABP4,PPARG,C/EBPα,SLC27A1;LPL,APOA1,COL1A1;PPAR and ECM–receptor interactions signaling,have been identified to regulate IMF content and distribution by modulating fatty acid metabolism and adipogenesis.LncHLFF was innovatively found to promote ectopic IMF deposition in chickens via exosome-mediated mechanisms without affecting abdominal fat deposition.MiR-27b-3p and miR-128-3p were found to inhibit adipogenic differentiation by targeting PPARG,thereby affecting IMF formation.In nutrition,nutrigenomics research has shown that fructose enhances IMF deposition by activating ChREBP,providing new targets for nutritional interventions.Adjusting dietary components,including energy,protein,amino acids,fatty acids,and phytochemicals(e.g.,rutin),has been shown to significantly improve meat quality in broilers.Maternal nutrition(e.g.,intake of energy,amino acids,vitamins,and trace elements)and IOF(e.g.,N-carbamylglutamate)have also been confirmed to significantly impact offspring meat quality,opening new avenues for improving embryonic nutrition.Based on these significant advancements,this review proposes strategies that integrate genetic and nutritional approaches.These strategies aim to modulate the differentiation fate of paraxial mesenchymal stem cells toward myogenic or adipogenic lineages and the interaction between muscle and adipose tissues.These insights would help to improve meat quality while ensuring the growth performance of broiler chickens.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the impact of applying PBL combined with virtual reality(VR)technology in clinical teaching of geriatric sarcopenia on students’knowledge acquisition,attitudes,and behaviors,providing practic...Objective:To investigate the impact of applying PBL combined with virtual reality(VR)technology in clinical teaching of geriatric sarcopenia on students’knowledge acquisition,attitudes,and behaviors,providing practical evidence for geriatric medicine teaching reform.Methods:Eighty clinical medicine undergraduate interns admitted to the geriatrics department of a hospital from January 2024 to June 2025 were randomly divided into an observation group(n=40)and a control group(n=40).The control group received traditional lecture-based instruction,while the observation group underwent PBL combined with VR technology.The two groups were compared on end-of-term theoretical knowledge assessment scores,clinical practice operation scores,teaching satisfaction,and clinical behavior observation scale scores.Results:Students in the observation group achieved significantly higher scores in basic theoretical knowledge(86.52±5.31)and clinical practice skills(88.15±4.26)compared to the control group(75.28±6.15)and(72.33±5.87),respectively(p<0.05).The observation group and control group students’awareness of geriatric sarcopenia and satisfaction with teaching methods were 95.00%and 97.50%,and 77.50%and 72.50%,respectively,with statistically significant differences(p<0.05);The observation group demonstrated significantly higher frequency of proactive sarcopenia screening,greater enthusiasm in participating in nutritional intervention plan development,and increased engagement in health education during clinical practice compared to the control group,with statistically significant differences(p<0.05).Conclusion:The application of a PBL combined with virtual reality(VR)technology teaching model in clinical teaching on geriatric sarcopenia significantly enhances students’foundational theoretical knowledge,improves their attitudes toward geriatric sarcopenia,and enhances their clinical practice behaviors.This represents a scientifically effective teaching method in geriatric medicine.展开更多
AIM：To investigate the intestine and body development of intrauterine growth retardation（IUGR）rats under early different protein diet and to analyze the correlation between leptin and intestine and body development...AIM：To investigate the intestine and body development of intrauterine growth retardation（IUGR）rats under early different protein diet and to analyze the correlation between leptin and intestine and body development．METHODS：An IUGR rat model was established by food restriction of pregnant female rats．Fifty-six neonatal IUGR rats and 24 neonatal normal rats were randomly divided into normal control group（Cgroup），IUGR model group （scgroup），low protein diet IUGR group（SL group），and high protein diet IUGR group（SH group）．Eight rats were killed per group at wk 0，4，and 12．Serum leptin，body weight（BW），body length（BL），intestinal weight（IW），intestinal length（IL），andintestinal disaccharidase（including lactase，maltase，and saccharase） were detected．RESULTS：BW（4．50±0．41g），BL（5．96±0．40cm），IW（0．05±0．01g），and IL（15.9±2．8cm）in neonatal IUGR rats were much lower than those in Cgroup（6．01±0．55g，6．26±0．44cm，0．10±0．02g，21.8±2．7cm，P〈0．05），while intestinal lactase and maltase activities were higher than those in Cgroup．SH group showed the fastest catch up growth and their BW，BL，IW，and IL reached the Cgroup level at wk 4．SC group showed relatively slower catch up growth than SH group，and their BW，BL，IW did not reach the Cgroup level at wk 4．SL group did not show intestine and body catch up growth．Intestinal maltase [344±33μmol／（min·q）]and saccharase activities[138±32μmol／（min·g）]in SL group were both markedly lower than nose in C group [751±102，258±271μmol／（min·g），P〈0．05]．There were no significant difierences in lactase activities at wk 4 and disaccharidase activities at wk 12 among all groups（P〈0．05）．The leptin level in SL group（0．58±0．12ng／mL） was the highest in all groups，and much lower in SH group（0．21±0．03ng／mL） than that in any other IUGR groups at wk 4（P〈0．05）．Leptin was negatively related to BW （r=-0．556，P=0．001），IW（r=-0．692，P=0．001） and IL（r=-0．738，P=0．000）at wk 4，while no correlation was found at wk 12．CONCLUSION：High protein diet is a reasonable early nutritional mode to IUGR rats in promoting intestine and body catch up growth．展开更多
文摘Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)represents one of the most common medical complications of pregnancy and is important to the well-being of both mothers and offspring in the short and long term.Lifestyle intervention remains the mainstay for the management of GDM.The efficacy of nutritional approaches(e.g.calorie restriction and small frequent meals)to improving the maternal-neonatal outcomes of GDM was attested to by Chinese population data,discussed in two articles in recent issues of this journal.However,a specific focus on the relevance of postprandial glycaemic control was lacking.Postprandial rather than fasting hyperglycaemia often represents the predominant manifestation of disordered glucose homeostasis in Chinese women with GDM.There is now increasing appreciation that the rate of gastric emptying,which controls the delivery of nutrients for digestion and absorption in the small intestine,is a key determinant of postprandial glycaemia in both health,type 1 and 2 diabetes.It remains to be established whether gastric emptying is abnormally rapid in GDM,particularly among Chinese women,thus contributing to a predisposition to postprandial hyperglycaemia,and if so,how this influences the therapeutic response to nutritional interventions.It is essential that we understand the role of gastric emptying in the regulation of postprandial glycaemia during pregnancy and the potential for its modulation by nutritional strategies in order to improve postprandial glycaemic control in GDM.
基金Wuxi Municipal Health Commission Maternal and Child Health Research Project,No.FYKY202206.
文摘BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with an increased risk of multiple extradigestive complic-ations.Thus,understanding the global epidemiology of obesity and its relation-ship with extradigestive complications,such as cardiovascular disease,type 2 diabetes mellitus,and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is important.However,nutritional intervention can positively manage issues associated with obesity.Hence,the identification of the current high prevalence of extradigestive complica-tions among patients with obesity and the potential role of nutritional inter-ventions is also essential.AIM To determine the relationship between obesity and extradigestive complications and emphasize the importance of nutritional interventions in the management of patients with obesity.METHODS Overall,110 patients with obesity admitted to our hospital from February 2020 to November 2022 and 100 healthy individuals were included in the present study.Information of the study population,including demographic characteristics,such as age,sex,body mass index,indicators of extradigestive complications,dietary intake,and biomarkers was collected.The study design,participant selection,interventions,and development of the nutritional intervention program were described.The collected data were analyzed to assess the effect of nutritional inter-ventions on extradigestive complications.RESULTS As a part of nutritional intervention,the dietary structure was modified to decrease the saturated fatty acid and cholesterol intake and increase the dietary fiber and polyunsaturated fatty acid intake to improve the blood lipid levels and cardiovascular health.Mechanistic studies showed that these nutritional inter-ventions positively affected mechanisms that regulate lipid metabolism,improved inflammatory markers in the blood,and improved vascular functions.CONCLUSION The study discusses the consistency of the present results with previous findings to assess the clinical significance of the present findings.The study provides direction for future research on improving nutritional intervention strategies.
文摘Energy metabolism is vital to the body's metabolic processes.A key player in the production of ATP,mitochondria directly affect energy homeostasis.Mitochondrial dysfunction is the cause of many diseases.Many reports have suggested that nutritional interventions can play a protective role against the development of mitochondrial dysfunction or in ameliorating existing dysfunction,such as by improving energy metabolism.This review focuses on the impact of different nutritional interventions on energy metabolism.
基金Supported by the National Council of Science and Technology of Mexico(CONACYT),No.790971(to Hernández-Melchor D),and No.781208 to(to Palafox-Gómez C).
文摘BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is an endocrine disease that combines metabolic,reproductive,and psychological dysfunctions.Ovulation disorders and impaired endometrial receptivity in PCOS can cause infertility.Insulin resistance(IR)is a pathological state of inadequate response to insulin that affects reproduction in PCOS,as damage caused by IR at the endometrial level becomes an obstacle for embryo implantation.Reversing IR resulted in spontaneous pregnancies in PCOS patients,indicating that metabolic corrections improve endometrial dysfunctions.Mesenchymal stem-cell treatment has also corrected endometrial quality and lead to pregnancies in patients with Asherman’s syndrome.We propose a combination of nutritional intervention with the surgical placement of stem cells to improve endometrial quality to achieve pregnancy in a PCOS patient undergoing in vitro fertilization(IVF)treatment.CASE SUMMARY After two failed IVF cycles,a metabolic intervention,consisting of a ketogenic diet with daily consumption of 50 g of carbohydrates(CH),was indicated until pregnancy.Metabolic Syndrome was assessed using the Harmonizing Definition(3 of 5 pathologies:Central obesity,hypertension,hyperglycemia,hypertriglyceridemia,and dyslipidemia),and the Homeostatic Model Assessment of IR(HOMA-IR)was used to measure the level of IR.Once IR improved,endometrial quality improved.However,two day 5-thawed embryos(euploid,donated oocyte–partner's sperm)failed to implant,suggesting endometrial quality improvement was insufficient.Therefore,transmyometrial implantation of mesenchymal stem cells from the stromal vascular fraction of adipose tissue was performed to enrich the endometrial stem cell niche.Minimal endometrial mean thickness for embryo transfer(6.9 mm)was achieved three months after stem cell treatment and continuous dietary control of IR.Two euploid-day 5-thawed embryos(donated oocyte–partner's sperm)were transferred,and embryo implantation was confirmed on day 14 byβ-hCG serum levels.Currently,a 37 wk baby girl is born.CONCLUSION In PCOS,endometrial quality can be improved by combining nutrient-based metabolic correction with endometrial stem cell niche enrichment.
文摘Gastrointestinal malignancies,particularly pancreatobiliary and gastroesophageal cancers,are associated with poor prognosis due to their frequent late-stage diagnosis.Many of these tumors contribute to anorexia-cachexia syndrome and malnutrition,further exacerbating disease progression.Inflammation plays a crucial role in tumor proliferation,and growing evidence suggests that gut microbiome significantly influence inflammatory responses and clinical outcomes in these patients.Additionally,the gut microbiome contributes to carcinogenesis through multiple mechanisms,including DNA damage,activation of oncogenic pathways,and modulation of immune responses.The emerging field of nutritional interventions highlight the microbiome’s impact on anticancer drug responses,affecting both chemotherapy and molecular-targeted treatments.Given its pivotal role,microbiome modulation through probiotics,fecal microbiome transplantation,and antibiotics represents a promising approach for cancer pre-vention and treatment.In this review,we explore the intricate interplay between gut microbiome,inflammation,and nutritional status in gastrointestinal cancers,emphasizing potential therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes.
文摘BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a globally prevalent gastrointestinal malignant cancer,especially in elderly patients.Currently,surgery resection remains the primary treatment due to its favorable therapeutic outcomes.However,postoperative deterioration in nutritional status and quality of life(QoL)remains a concern.The geriatric nutritional risk index(GNRI),which is calculated based on serum albumin levels and the ratio of normal body weight to ideal body weight,is easily accessible and accurate,making it increasingly popular in clinical practice.AIM To investigate the impact of GNRI-guided tiered nutritional interventions on postoperative nutritional recovery and QoL in elderly CRC patients.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on 135 elderly CRC patients undergoing radical resection at our hospital from September 2022 to December 2024.Participants were divided into two cohorts:The research group(n=61)received GNRI-based graded nutritional support,while the control group(n=65)received conventional nutritional intervention.Clinical indicators,such as postoperative passage of gas by anus,incidence/duration of postoperative fever,hospitalization length and costs,were compared between the two groups.Nutritional biomarkers,including hemoglobin,prealbumin,transferrin,and Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment scores were assessed on postoperative day 1 and post-intervention(day 1 after intervention).The Generic QoL Inventory-74 was employed to assess physical function,social function,material life,and psychological function in the two groups.Immunoglobulin(Ig)(IgG,IgA,IgM)and inflammatory markers[nuclear factor kappa B,interleukin(IL)-1,tumor necrosis factor-α,IL-8]were compared between groups.Complication rates were also monitored.RESULTS The research group showed significantly faster postoperative passage of gas by anus,fewer instances of fever,reduced fever duration,shorter hospitalization duration,and lower costs compared with the control group(P<0.05).Following intervention,the research group exhibited higher levels of hemoglobin,prealbumin,and transferrin,and lower Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment scores vs the control group(P<0.05).Scores for physical function,social function,material life,and psychological function showed substantial improvement(P<0.05).Levels of IgG,IgA,and IgM were significantly elevated in the research group(P<0.05),while nuclear factor kappa B,IL-1,tumor necrosis factor-α,and IL-8 levels were noticeably lowered vs the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of overall complications within the research group reached 24.59%,notably lower than that(43.08%)observed in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION GNRI-based graded nutritional intervention in elderly CRC patients can significantly improve postoperative recovery,enhance their nutritional status and QoL,promote immune function recovery,attenuate inflammation,and lower the incidence of postoperative complications.This protocol represents a clinically viable strategy for optimizing postoperative care.
文摘BACKGROUND Acute ischemic stroke(AIS)is a leading global cause of disability and mortality,with post-stroke cognitive impairment(PSCI)affecting 20%-40%of survivors.PSCI ranges from mild cognitive decline to dementia,severely hindering functional recovery,increasing healthcare costs,and elevating risks of recurrent stroke and death.While nutritional support aids neuronal repair and reduces oxidative damage,and social support alleviates psychological distress,existing studies often evaluate these interventions in isolation.This study investigates the combined effects of standardized nutritional intervention and structured social support on cognitive function,psychological status,and quality of life(QoL)in AIS patients with cognitive dysfunction,aiming to establish an integrated rehabilitation model.AIM To explore the effects of nutritional intervention and social support on the cognitive function and psychological status in patients with acute cerebral infarction complicated by cognitive dysfunction.METHODS A retrospective study was conducted.A total of 59 patients with acute cerebral infarction complicated by cognitive dysfunction from January 2023 to December 2023 were selected as the control group.Another 59 patients with the same condition were selected as the research group.The research group received standardized nutritional intervention and regular social support,including dietary guidance,nutritional supplementation,psychological counseling,and family support plans.The control group received routine medical care.Cognitive function,anxiety,depression,QoL,sleep quality,nutritional status,and family satisfaction were compared between the two groups.RESULTS The Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)and Mini-Mental State Examination differences(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that increases in serum albumin(Alb),prealbumin(PAB),and hemoglobin(Hb)were all highly and significantly associated with improvements in MMSE and MoCA scores(P<0.05).The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale scores of the research group were lower than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The scores of QoL dimensions in the research group were higher than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores and total score of the research group were lower than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The serum Alb,PAB,and Hb levels in the research group were higher than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The Social Disability Screening Schedule scores of the research group were lower than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The family satisfaction of the research group was significantly higher than that of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Nutritional intervention and social support significantly improved the cognitive function,psychological status,and QoL in patients with acute cerebral infarction complicated by cognitive dysfunction.These interventions reduced anxiety and depression symptoms,improved sleep and nutritional status,and enhanced the social adaptability of patients as well as family satisfaction.
文摘BACKGROUND Patients with liver cirrhosis often experience muscle wasting that significantly affects their quality of life.AIM To investigate the effects of comprehensive nutritional and psychological interventions based on an amino acid-balanced diet on muscle wasting and quality of life in patients with liver cirrhosis.METHODS A retrospective study of 130 patients with liver cirrhosis(May 2023 to June 2024)was divided into control(conventional treatment,n=65)and observational groups(conventional+amino acid-balanced nutrition and psychological intervention,n=65).Anxiety(Self-Rating Anxiety Scale),depression(Self-Rating Depression Scale),lower limb muscle strength,and quality of life(Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire)were assessed pre-intervention,and 3/6 months postintervention.RESULTS At baseline,no significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of age,sex,etiology of cirrhosis,disease duration,disease severity,or any other measured outcome(P>0.05).At 3 months and 6 months post-intervention,the observational group exhibited significantly lower Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale scores than the control group(P<0.05),indicating reduced anxiety and depression as well as higher grip strength and increased lower limb muscle strength(P<0.05).Additionally,the observational group demonstrated superior Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire scores across all domains, reflecting an improved quality of life (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONAn amino acid-balanced diet and psychological intervention can effectively alleviate anxiety and depression andimprove muscle strength and quality of life in patients with cirrhosis and are worthy of clinical promotion.
文摘Esophageal cancer is one of the common malignant tumors worldwide,and nutritional support during its treatment is of great significance for improving patients’quality of life and treatment outcomes.This paper aims to explore the application effect of full-course nutritional management in patients with esophageal cancer undergoing radiotherapy.Using a randomized controlled trial design,patients were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group in a 1:1 ratio.The experimental group received full-course nutritional management,while the control group received routine care.Statistical analysis showed that the degree of weight loss in the experimental group after radiotherapy was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),the improvement in nutritional status was more obvious,and the incidence of radiotherapy-related adverse reactions was also significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).It can be seen that full-course nutritional management can effectively improve the nutritional status of patients with esophageal cancer undergoing radiotherapy,reduce radiotherapy adverse reactions,and enhance patients’quality of life and treatment effects[1].It has important clinical application value and is worthy of promotion in clinical practice.
基金The study was reviewed and approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province(Approval No.2023ky150).
文摘BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)can lead to excessive pregnancy weight gain(PWG),abnormal glucolipid metabolism,and delayed lactation.Therefore,it is necessary to provide appropriate and effective interventions for pregnant women with GDM.AIM To clarify the effects of individualized nutrition interventions on PWG,glucolipid metabolism,and lactation in pregnant women with GDM.METHODS The study population consisted of 410 pregnant women with GDM who received treatment at the Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital of Jiangsu Provinceand Yangzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital between December 2020 and December 2022,including 200 who received routine in-terventions[control(Con)group]and 210 who received individualized nutrition interventions[research(Res)group].Data on PWG,glucolipid metabolism[total cholesterol,(TC);triglycerides(TGs);fasting blood glucose(FPG);glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)],lactation time,perinatal complications(cesarean section,premature rupture of membranes,postpartum hemorrhage,and pregnancy-induced hypertension),and neonatal adverse events(premature infants,fetal macrosomia,hypo-glycemia,and respiratory distress syndrome)were collected for comparative analysis.RESULTS The data revealed markedly lower PWG in the Res group vs the Con group,as well as markedly reduced TG,TC,FPG and HbA1c levels after the intervention that were lower than those in the Con group.In addition,obviously earlier lactation and statistically lower incidences of perinatal complications and neonatal adverse events were observed in the Res group.CONCLUSION Individualized nutrition interventions can reduce PWG in pregnant women with GDM,improve their glucolipid metabolism,and promote early lactation,which deserves clinical promotion.
文摘Cancer patients develop cachexia due to systemic inflammation, negative protein and energy balance. Esperer Onco Nutrition (EON) has come up with innovative nutritional supplements (EON Therapy) that help patients take the rigours of cancer therapy thereby improving prognosis and Quality of Life (QoL). This Post-marketing surveillance study was undertaken on 38 volunteers to assess the impact of EON therapy on cachexia and QoL of patients undergoing curative treatment. Body weight and biochemical parameters of the volunteers were recorded at each visit. Volunteers were assessed using ECOG Scale and Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST) to assess impact of nutritional supplements on QoL. Weight loss was observed in most of the patients for first two visits but the patients gained weight over subsequent visits and average weight at end of the study was higher than initial weight. At the end of study 22 of 38 volunteers gained weight and 7 volunteers maintained initial weight. The biochemical parameters either showed improvement or remained same. The QoL analysis indicated a marked improvement in physical wellness and nutritional status and no adverse effects were reported. In conclusion, the study underlines importance of research based on nutritional supplements for cancer patients for better disease management and prognosis.
基金Technical field fund of the basic strengthening plan of the military science and Technology Commission(2021-JCJQ-JJ-0528)The Project of Beijing Science and technology“capital characteristics”(Z181100001718007)+1 种基金Construction project of military medical teaching of PLA Medical College(145bxl090009000x)Central Military Health Care Commission(20BJZ46).
文摘Objective To explore the effectiveness of a nutritional intervention in rescuers who screened positive for depression.Methods A randomized controlled trial design was employed.From June to August,2022,4,460 rescuers were screened using the Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),and 1,615 positive cases were identified.Thirty-one volunteers were recruited and randomly divided into a nutritional intervention group and a control group.The intervention group received health education and nutritional intervention(a compound paste therapy primarily composed of red roses and Seville orange flowers),while the control group received psychological education.SDS scores were assessed before and after the intervention.Results There was a statistically significant decline in SDS scores in the nutritional intervention group after the intervention(P<0.05).Furthermore,the SDS scores of the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group,both before and after the intervention(P<0.05).No severe adverse reactions were observed during safety evaluation.Conclusion The nutritional intervention effectively reduced the depression scores in rescuers.Early nutritional intervention is recommended for rescuers who initially screen positive for depression.
文摘Introduction: Laryngeal carcinoma accounts for 13.9% of head and neck tumors, and squamous cell carcinoma is the main pathological type. At present, the treatment of laryngeal cancer is mainly surgical treatment or postoperative radiotherapy. The surgery is delicate, complex, time-consuming and traumatic. Postoperative patients are prone to dysphagia, leading to an increase in the incidence of malnutrition. Malnutrition can cause a series of negative effects, including weight loss, increased incidence of infection, reduced tolerance of anti-tumor treatment, and extended length of hospital stay. Therefore, how to effectively improve the nutritional status of laryngeal cancer patients through nursing intervention has become an important topic of nursing research. Objective: Investigate the effect of individualized nutrition intervention care combined with swallowing training on postoperative nutritional status in patients with laryngeal cancer. Methods: A total of 120 consecutive patients who underwent laryngeal surgery at our hospital for the first time between May 2018 and May 2021 were selected for the study and equally divided into the control group and the study group by the random number table method, with 60 patients in each group. Patients in the control group were given swallowing function training and health counseling, and the study group adopted individualized nutrition intervention care based on the control group. The nutritional status, swallowing function, and quality of life (QOL) of the patients were assessed using the Patient-generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI), and Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core30 (QLQ-C30) before the intervention and three months after the intervention. Results: Before the intervention, the scores of MDADI, PG-SGA, and QLQ-C30 were not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05), and three months after the intervention, the scores of MDADI and QLQ-C30 increased and the score of PG-SGA decreased in the study group, with significant differences (P 0.05). At three months after the intervention, patients in the study group had higher scores on MDADI, QLQ-C30 and lower scores on PG-SGA than the control group, with significant differences (P Conclusion: Combining individualized nutrition intervention care with swallowing training improves the postoperative nutritional status, swallowing function, and QOL of patients with laryngeal cancer.
文摘Spinal cord injury(SCI)is a common disease in spinal surgery.SCI affects the metabolism of patients and changes their lifestyle.Nutritional problems may occur,which may be manifested as insufficient or overnutrition.Nutrition status is related to many complications and final outcome after SCI.In this paper,the nutritional status of patients with SCI and the progress of nutritional intervention were reviewed by comprehensive domestic and foreign literature.Medical staff should routinely screen and evaluate the nutrition of patients after SCI operation,and provide comprehensive nutritional intervention such as diet,exercise and dietary supplement.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the intervention effect of nutritional intervention combined with predictive nursing on patients undergoing chemotherapy for lung cancer.Methods:A total of 88 lung cancer chemotherapy patients admitted between January 2023 and June 2024 were selected and randomly divided into groups using a random number table.The experimental group(44 cases)received nutritional intervention combined with predictive nursing,while the control group(44 cases)received predictive nursing alone.Nutritional status scores,nutritional indicators,quality of life scores,and adverse reaction rates were compared between the two groups.Results:After the intervention,the nutritional status scores of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group,while the levels of nutritional indicators in the experimental group were better than those in the control group.The quality of life scores in the experimental group were lower than in the control group,and the adverse reaction rates were also lower in the experimental group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Nutritional intervention combined with predictive nursing can improve the nutritional status of lung cancer chemotherapy patients,regulate multiple nutritional indicators,enhance quality of life,and reduce chemotherapy-related adverse reactions.
文摘BACKGROUND Perinatal depression affects 10%-20%of pregnant women and subsequently influences maternal health and fetal development.Concerns over the safety of antidepressants during pregnancy have prompted the exploration of nutritional interventions as adjunct therapies.This study evaluated the impact of combining preconception and prenatal supplementation with myo-inositol,probiotics,and trace elements on mood,quality of life,and fetal development in depressed mothers.This retrospective cohort study included 314 pregnant women who were diag-nosed with mild to moderate depression,as determined by a Zung self-rating depression scale score of less than 69.The participants were divided into an intervention group(n=161)receiving myo-inositol,probiotics,and trace elements and a control group(n=153)without supplementation.Supplementation comm-enced 3 months before conception and continued through pregnancy.Psychiatric symptoms and quality of life were evaluated using the positive and negative affect schedule-now,state-trait anxiety inventory,Patient Health Ques-tionnaire-8,and World Health Organization Quality of life Assessment:Brief Version scales preconception and postpartum.Fetal development metrics were assessed via ultrasound,and neonatal outcomes were recorded.RESULTS The intervention group presented significant reductions in gestational diabetes mellitus(13.04%vs 23.53%,P=0.016)and gestational hypertension(3.73%vs 9.15%,P=0.049).Higher levels of inositol,iron,zinc,and probiotics were observed near term in the intervention group.Postpartum mood assessments indicated lower anxiety and depression scores for the intervention group,with significant improvements in the positive and negative affect schedule-now(P=0.002),trait anxiety(P=0.002),and Patient Health Questionnaire-8(P=0.018)scores.The World Health Organization Quality of life Assessment:Brief Version scores improved in the psychological(P=0.041)and environmental(P=0.009)domains postpartum.Fetal biparietal diameter and femoral length were greater in the intervention group alongside better neonatal body length and reduced neonatal unit admissions(2.48%vs 7.84%,P=0.031).CONCLUSION Combined supplementation with myo-inositol,probiotics,and trace elements from preconception through pregnancy may reduce pregnancy-related complications,enhance mood and quality of life,and improve fetal growth metrics.
文摘High-risk infants,from fetal stage to 3-year-old,face severe physical and mental development threats due to biological,psychological,or environmental factors.These threats can lead to developmental delay and cognitive impairment,affecting their future quality of life and social integration.Scientific health management,with nutritional intervention as a key part,is urgently needed.Nutritional intervention,through targeted supplementation and feeding guidance,can optimize their development,avoid nutritional-related deviations,reduce long-term disease risk,and lay a healthy growth foundation.This study analyzes the positive effects of nutritional intervention on high-risk infants’physical growth,neural development,and disease prevention,providing scientific evidence for optimizing clinical follow-up strategies.
基金funded by the Regional Innovation and Development Joint Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No.U21A20253)2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University.
文摘Chicken meat quality directly influences consumer acceptability and is crucial for the economic success of the poultry industry.Genetics and nutrition are key determinants of the meat quality traits in broilers.This review summarizes the research advances in this field,with a focus on the genetic and nutritional foundations that regulate intramuscular fat(IMF)deposition and meat quality in chickens over the past decade.The effects of embryonic nutrition,both maternal nutrition and in ovo feeding(IOF),on skeletal muscle development,the IMF content,and meat quality traits in broilers are also discussed.In genetics,single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that de novo lipogenesis predominantly occurs in myocytes,which is key to the formation of IMF in chicken muscle tissue.Fatty acid synthase(FASN)is the key enzyme involved in this process.This discovery has reshaped the traditional understanding of intramuscular lipid metabolism in poultry.Key genes,proteins,and pathways,such as FASN,FABP4,PPARG,C/EBPα,SLC27A1;LPL,APOA1,COL1A1;PPAR and ECM–receptor interactions signaling,have been identified to regulate IMF content and distribution by modulating fatty acid metabolism and adipogenesis.LncHLFF was innovatively found to promote ectopic IMF deposition in chickens via exosome-mediated mechanisms without affecting abdominal fat deposition.MiR-27b-3p and miR-128-3p were found to inhibit adipogenic differentiation by targeting PPARG,thereby affecting IMF formation.In nutrition,nutrigenomics research has shown that fructose enhances IMF deposition by activating ChREBP,providing new targets for nutritional interventions.Adjusting dietary components,including energy,protein,amino acids,fatty acids,and phytochemicals(e.g.,rutin),has been shown to significantly improve meat quality in broilers.Maternal nutrition(e.g.,intake of energy,amino acids,vitamins,and trace elements)and IOF(e.g.,N-carbamylglutamate)have also been confirmed to significantly impact offspring meat quality,opening new avenues for improving embryonic nutrition.Based on these significant advancements,this review proposes strategies that integrate genetic and nutritional approaches.These strategies aim to modulate the differentiation fate of paraxial mesenchymal stem cells toward myogenic or adipogenic lineages and the interaction between muscle and adipose tissues.These insights would help to improve meat quality while ensuring the growth performance of broiler chickens.
文摘Objective:To investigate the impact of applying PBL combined with virtual reality(VR)technology in clinical teaching of geriatric sarcopenia on students’knowledge acquisition,attitudes,and behaviors,providing practical evidence for geriatric medicine teaching reform.Methods:Eighty clinical medicine undergraduate interns admitted to the geriatrics department of a hospital from January 2024 to June 2025 were randomly divided into an observation group(n=40)and a control group(n=40).The control group received traditional lecture-based instruction,while the observation group underwent PBL combined with VR technology.The two groups were compared on end-of-term theoretical knowledge assessment scores,clinical practice operation scores,teaching satisfaction,and clinical behavior observation scale scores.Results:Students in the observation group achieved significantly higher scores in basic theoretical knowledge(86.52±5.31)and clinical practice skills(88.15±4.26)compared to the control group(75.28±6.15)and(72.33±5.87),respectively(p<0.05).The observation group and control group students’awareness of geriatric sarcopenia and satisfaction with teaching methods were 95.00%and 97.50%,and 77.50%and 72.50%,respectively,with statistically significant differences(p<0.05);The observation group demonstrated significantly higher frequency of proactive sarcopenia screening,greater enthusiasm in participating in nutritional intervention plan development,and increased engagement in health education during clinical practice compared to the control group,with statistically significant differences(p<0.05).Conclusion:The application of a PBL combined with virtual reality(VR)technology teaching model in clinical teaching on geriatric sarcopenia significantly enhances students’foundational theoretical knowledge,improves their attitudes toward geriatric sarcopenia,and enhances their clinical practice behaviors.This represents a scientifically effective teaching method in geriatric medicine.
基金Supported Dy the Science and Technology Bureau Foundation of Guangdong Province, No. 99M04815G
文摘AIM：To investigate the intestine and body development of intrauterine growth retardation（IUGR）rats under early different protein diet and to analyze the correlation between leptin and intestine and body development．METHODS：An IUGR rat model was established by food restriction of pregnant female rats．Fifty-six neonatal IUGR rats and 24 neonatal normal rats were randomly divided into normal control group（Cgroup），IUGR model group （scgroup），low protein diet IUGR group（SL group），and high protein diet IUGR group（SH group）．Eight rats were killed per group at wk 0，4，and 12．Serum leptin，body weight（BW），body length（BL），intestinal weight（IW），intestinal length（IL），andintestinal disaccharidase（including lactase，maltase，and saccharase） were detected．RESULTS：BW（4．50±0．41g），BL（5．96±0．40cm），IW（0．05±0．01g），and IL（15.9±2．8cm）in neonatal IUGR rats were much lower than those in Cgroup（6．01±0．55g，6．26±0．44cm，0．10±0．02g，21.8±2．7cm，P〈0．05），while intestinal lactase and maltase activities were higher than those in Cgroup．SH group showed the fastest catch up growth and their BW，BL，IW，and IL reached the Cgroup level at wk 4．SC group showed relatively slower catch up growth than SH group，and their BW，BL，IW did not reach the Cgroup level at wk 4．SL group did not show intestine and body catch up growth．Intestinal maltase [344±33μmol／（min·q）]and saccharase activities[138±32μmol／（min·g）]in SL group were both markedly lower than nose in C group [751±102，258±271μmol／（min·g），P〈0．05]．There were no significant difierences in lactase activities at wk 4 and disaccharidase activities at wk 12 among all groups（P〈0．05）．The leptin level in SL group（0．58±0．12ng／mL） was the highest in all groups，and much lower in SH group（0．21±0．03ng／mL） than that in any other IUGR groups at wk 4（P〈0．05）．Leptin was negatively related to BW （r=-0．556，P=0．001），IW（r=-0．692，P=0．001） and IL（r=-0．738，P=0．000）at wk 4，while no correlation was found at wk 12．CONCLUSION：High protein diet is a reasonable early nutritional mode to IUGR rats in promoting intestine and body catch up growth．
