The menstrual cycle has been a topic of interest in relation to behavior and cognition for many years, with historical beliefs associating it with cognitive impairment. However, recent research has challenged these be...The menstrual cycle has been a topic of interest in relation to behavior and cognition for many years, with historical beliefs associating it with cognitive impairment. However, recent research has challenged these beliefs and suggested potential positive effects of the menstrual cycle on cognitive performance. Despite these emerging findings, there is still a lack of consensus regarding the impact of the menstrual cycle on cognition, particularly in domains such as spatial reasoning, visual memory, and numerical memory. Hence, this study aimed to explore the relationship between the menstrual cycle and cognitive performance in these specific domains. Previous studies have reported mixed findings, with some suggesting no significant association and others indicating potential differences across the menstrual cycle. To contribute to this body of knowledge, we explored the research question of whether the menstrual cycles have a significant effect on cognition, particularly in the domains of spatial reasoning, visual and numerical memory in a regionally diverse sample of menstruating females. A total of 30 menstruating females from mixed geographical backgrounds participated in the study, and a repeated measures design was used to assess their cognitive performance in two phases of the menstrual cycle: follicular and luteal. The results of the study revealed that while spatial reasoning was not significantly related to the menstrual cycle (p = 0.256), both visual and numerical memory had significant positive associations (p < 0.001) with the luteal phase. However, since the effect sizes were very small, the importance of this relationship might be commonly overestimated. Future studies could thus entail designs with larger sample sizes, including neuro-biological measures of menstrual stages, and consequently inform competent interventions and support systems.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to investigate the memory effects of the postgraduates’memorizing Everyday English from 30 to 100 using the Natural Numeral Imagery Memory(Method by memorizing the concrete objects assoc...The purpose of this study was to investigate the memory effects of the postgraduates’memorizing Everyday English from 30 to 100 using the Natural Numeral Imagery Memory(Method by memorizing the concrete objects associated with the shapes of Arabic numeral to produce marvelous imagination,MMOASAPMI).The results indicated as follows:Firstly,the postgraduates,who applied the MMOASAPMI to memorize and recall the Everyday English from 30 to 100,could recite them well in sequence backward,forward,and randomly.The reaction time of reciting any sentence randomly is no more than 2 seconds.Secondly,it can transform the materials of the short-term memory into long-term memory quickly,and effectively prevent them from the interference of proactive and retroactive inhibition,so it is useful for keeping memorized information with less loss and remaining for a long period.Thirdly,with the materials in strong sequence,large quantities and the difficulty to memorize,it is an extremely effective method for memorizing them.Fourthly,the keys to improving the memory efficiency are the well-storing skills of memory,storing methods,and memory clues.展开更多
文摘The menstrual cycle has been a topic of interest in relation to behavior and cognition for many years, with historical beliefs associating it with cognitive impairment. However, recent research has challenged these beliefs and suggested potential positive effects of the menstrual cycle on cognitive performance. Despite these emerging findings, there is still a lack of consensus regarding the impact of the menstrual cycle on cognition, particularly in domains such as spatial reasoning, visual memory, and numerical memory. Hence, this study aimed to explore the relationship between the menstrual cycle and cognitive performance in these specific domains. Previous studies have reported mixed findings, with some suggesting no significant association and others indicating potential differences across the menstrual cycle. To contribute to this body of knowledge, we explored the research question of whether the menstrual cycles have a significant effect on cognition, particularly in the domains of spatial reasoning, visual and numerical memory in a regionally diverse sample of menstruating females. A total of 30 menstruating females from mixed geographical backgrounds participated in the study, and a repeated measures design was used to assess their cognitive performance in two phases of the menstrual cycle: follicular and luteal. The results of the study revealed that while spatial reasoning was not significantly related to the menstrual cycle (p = 0.256), both visual and numerical memory had significant positive associations (p < 0.001) with the luteal phase. However, since the effect sizes were very small, the importance of this relationship might be commonly overestimated. Future studies could thus entail designs with larger sample sizes, including neuro-biological measures of menstrual stages, and consequently inform competent interventions and support systems.
文摘The purpose of this study was to investigate the memory effects of the postgraduates’memorizing Everyday English from 30 to 100 using the Natural Numeral Imagery Memory(Method by memorizing the concrete objects associated with the shapes of Arabic numeral to produce marvelous imagination,MMOASAPMI).The results indicated as follows:Firstly,the postgraduates,who applied the MMOASAPMI to memorize and recall the Everyday English from 30 to 100,could recite them well in sequence backward,forward,and randomly.The reaction time of reciting any sentence randomly is no more than 2 seconds.Secondly,it can transform the materials of the short-term memory into long-term memory quickly,and effectively prevent them from the interference of proactive and retroactive inhibition,so it is useful for keeping memorized information with less loss and remaining for a long period.Thirdly,with the materials in strong sequence,large quantities and the difficulty to memorize,it is an extremely effective method for memorizing them.Fourthly,the keys to improving the memory efficiency are the well-storing skills of memory,storing methods,and memory clues.
