In this paper,we establish some strong laws of large numbers,which are for nonindependent random variables under the framework of sublinear expectations.One of our main results is for blockwise m-dependent random vari...In this paper,we establish some strong laws of large numbers,which are for nonindependent random variables under the framework of sublinear expectations.One of our main results is for blockwise m-dependent random variables,and another is for sub-orthogonal random variables.Both extend the strong law of large numbers for independent random variables under sublinear expectations to the non-independent case.展开更多
We are intrigued by the issues of shock instability,with a particular emphasis on numerical schemes that address the carbuncle phenomenon by reducing dissipation rather than increasing it.For a specific class of plana...We are intrigued by the issues of shock instability,with a particular emphasis on numerical schemes that address the carbuncle phenomenon by reducing dissipation rather than increasing it.For a specific class of planar flow fields where the transverse direction exhibits vanishing but non-zero velocity components,such as a disturbed onedimensional(1D)steady shock wave,we conduct a formal asymptotic analysis for the Euler system and associated numerical methods.This analysis aims to illustrate the discrepancies among various low-dissipative numerical algorithms.Furthermore,a numerical stability analysis of steady shock is undertaken to identify the key factors underlying shock-stable algorithms.To verify the stability mechanism,a consistent,low-dissipation,and shock-stable HLLC-type Riemann solver is presented.展开更多
This study presents a new approach that advances the algorithm of similarity measures between generalized fuzzy numbers. Following a brief introduction to some properties of the proposed method, a comparative analysis...This study presents a new approach that advances the algorithm of similarity measures between generalized fuzzy numbers. Following a brief introduction to some properties of the proposed method, a comparative analysis based on 36 sets of generalized fuzzy numbers was performed, in which the degree of similarity of the fuzzy numbers was calculated with the proposed method and seven methods established by previous studies in the literature. The results of the analytical comparison show that the proposed similarity outperforms the existing methods by overcoming their drawbacks and yielding accurate outcomes in all calculations of similarity measures under consideration. Finally, in a numerical example that involves recommending cars to customers based on a nine-member linguistic term set, the proposed similarity measure proves to be competent in addressing fuzzy number recommendation problems.展开更多
Productive tiller number(PTN)is a pivotal trait that significantly influences wheat grain yield.To date,there have been limited reports on the cloning of genes that regulate PTN in wheat.The quantitative trait locus(Q...Productive tiller number(PTN)is a pivotal trait that significantly influences wheat grain yield.To date,there have been limited reports on the cloning of genes that regulate PTN in wheat.The quantitative trait locus(QTL)QPtn.sau-4B,associated with PTN,was previously mapped between the markers KASP-1 and KASP-3 on the chromosome 4B.Here,utilizing 12 newly developed markers and phenotypic data of PTN from recombinants identified within this interval,QPtn.sau-4B was further fine-mapped to a 2.58 Mb interval on wheat chromosome arm 4BS.Within this interval,we identified 14 genes with high-confidence and 32 genes with low-confidence.A 0.17 Mb deletion fragment contained TraesCS4B03G0092600 and TraesCS4B03G0093100,which were assigned as candidate genes for QPtn.sau-4B.Additionally,QPtn.sau-4B had potential to enhance both PTN and grain yield in wheat.Cloning this locus would support the development of wheat cultivars with increased grain yield.展开更多
A Gallai k-coloring is a k-edge-coloring of a complete graph in which there are no rainbow triangles.For given graphs G_(1),G_(2),G_(3)and nonnegative integers r,s,t with k=r+s+t,the k-colored Gallai-Ramsey number grk...A Gallai k-coloring is a k-edge-coloring of a complete graph in which there are no rainbow triangles.For given graphs G_(1),G_(2),G_(3)and nonnegative integers r,s,t with k=r+s+t,the k-colored Gallai-Ramsey number grk(K_(3):r·G_(1),s·G_(2),t·G_(3))is the minimum integer n such that every Gallai k-colored Kncontains a monochromatic copy of G_(1)colored by one of the first r colors or a monochromatic copy of G_(2)colored by one of the middle s colors or a monochromatic copy of G_(3)colored by one of the last t colors.In this paper,we determine the value of GallaiRamsey number in the case that G_(1)=B_(3)^(+),G_(2)=S_(3)^(+)and G_(3)=K_(3).Then the Gallai-Ramsey numbers grk(K_(3):B_(3)^(+)),grk(K_(3):S_(3)^(+))and grk(K_(3):K_(3))are obtained,respectively.Furthermore,the Gallai-Ramsey numbers grk(K_(3):r·B_(3)^(+),(k-r)·S_(3)^(+)),grk(K_(3):r·B_(3)^(+),(k-r)·K_(3))and grk(K_(3):s·S_(3)^(+),(k-s)·K_(3))are obtained,respectively.展开更多
A new dimensionless number is proposed for dynamic plastic deformation analysis of clamped circular plates under underwater explosion loads by introducing dimensional analysis method to the basic dynamical governing e...A new dimensionless number is proposed for dynamic plastic deformation analysis of clamped circular plates under underwater explosion loads by introducing dimensional analysis method to the basic dynamical governing equations of circular plates.The relation between dimensionless final plastic deformation of circular plates and the new dimensionless number is established based on massive underwater explosion test data.Meanwhile,comparative analysis was discussed with two other published dimensionless parameters which indicated the new dimensionless number proposed in this paper is more effective and extensive to predict the dynamic plastic response of circular plates under underwater explosion condition.展开更多
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord,leading to muscle weakness,para...Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord,leading to muscle weakness,paralysis,and respiratory failure (Morgan and Orrell,2016).展开更多
In this paper,we first give a sufficient condition for a graph being fractional ID-[a,b]-factor-critical covered in terms of its independence number and minimum degree,which partially answers the problem posed by Sizh...In this paper,we first give a sufficient condition for a graph being fractional ID-[a,b]-factor-critical covered in terms of its independence number and minimum degree,which partially answers the problem posed by Sizhong Zhou,Hongxia Liu and Yang Xu(2022).Then,an A_(α)-spectral condition is given to ensure that G is a fractional ID-[a,b]-factor-critical covered graph and an(a,b,k)-factor-critical graph,respectively.In fact,(a,b,k)-factor-critical graph is a graph which has an[a,b]-factor for k=0.Thus,these above results extend the results of Jia Wei and Shenggui Zhang(2023)and Ao Fan,Ruifang Liu and Guoyan Ao(2023)in some sense.展开更多
This paper presents a general approach for determining the configuration number for any linkage: A kinematic cham (KC) can be divided into some basic kinematic chains (BKCs) and driving joints; there are only 33 kinds...This paper presents a general approach for determining the configuration number for any linkage: A kinematic cham (KC) can be divided into some basic kinematic chains (BKCs) and driving joints; there are only 33 kinds of BKCs with υ =1-4 independent loop, containing only R (revolute) joints and their configuration numbers are given; the configuration number of a KC equals to the multiplication of the configuration numbers of BKCs contained in the KC.展开更多
To solve the extended fuzzy description logic with qualifying number restriction （EFALCQ） reasoning problems, EFALCQ is discretely simulated by description logic with qualifying number restriction （ALCQ）, and ALCQ...To solve the extended fuzzy description logic with qualifying number restriction （EFALCQ） reasoning problems, EFALCQ is discretely simulated by description logic with qualifying number restriction （ALCQ）, and ALCQ reasoning results are reused to prove the complexity of EFALCQ reasoning problems. The ALCQ simulation method for the consistency of EFALCQ is proposed. This method reduces EFALCQ satisfiability into EFALCQ consistency, and uses EFALCQ satisfiability to discretely simulate EFALCQ satdomain. It is proved that the reasoning complexity for EFALCQ satisfiability, consistency and sat-domain is PSPACE-complete.展开更多
Retrograde condensation frequently occurs during the development of gas condensate reservoirs. The loss of productivity is often observed due to the reduced relative permeability to gas as condensate accumulates ne...Retrograde condensation frequently occurs during the development of gas condensate reservoirs. The loss of productivity is often observed due to the reduced relative permeability to gas as condensate accumulates near the well bore region. How to describe the condensate blockage effect exactly has been a continuous research topic. However, up to now, the present methods usually over-estimate or underestimate the productivity reduction due to an incorrect understanding of the mechanism of flow in porous medium, which inevitably results in an inaccurate prediction of production performance. It has been found in recent numerous theoretical and experimental studies that capillary number and non-Darcy flow have significant influence on relative permeability in regions near the well bore. The two effects impose opposite impacts on production performance, thus leading to gas condensate flow showing characteristics different from general understanding. It is significant for prediction of performance in gas condensate wells to understand the two effects exactly. The aim of the paper is to describe and analyze the flow dynamics in porous media accurately during the production of gas condensate reservoirs. Based on the description of three-zone flow mechanism, capillary number and non-Darcy effect are incorporated in the analysis of relative permeability, making it possible to describe the effect of condensate blockage. The effect of capillary number and inertial flow on gas and condensate relative permeability is analyzed in detail. Novel Inflow Performance Relation (IPR) models considering high velocity effects are formulated and the contrast analysis of different IPR models is conducted. The result shows that the proposed method can help predict the production performance and productivity more accurately than conventional methods.展开更多
In this paper, we use a combinatorial analysis method. In the complete graph K N with edges colored arbitrarily by red or blue, we consider the proposition of the subgraph of the red graph or blue graph induced by t...In this paper, we use a combinatorial analysis method. In the complete graph K N with edges colored arbitrarily by red or blue, we consider the proposition of the subgraph of the red graph or blue graph induced by the neighborhood of some vertex in V(K N). Inspired by the main results of Jayawardene and Rousseau (Ars Combinatoria, 2000, 163-173), we determine the Ramsey numbers of r(K 1, 4, G), where G is the three-partite graph of order six without isolate vertex.展开更多
It is shown that r(W_m, K_n)≤(1+o(1))C_1n log n 2m-2m-2 for fixed even m≥4 and n→∞, and r(W_m, K_n)≤(1+o(1))C_2n 2mm+1 log n m+1m-1 for fixed odd m≥5 and n→∞, wher...It is shown that r(W_m, K_n)≤(1+o(1))C_1n log n 2m-2m-2 for fixed even m≥4 and n→∞, and r(W_m, K_n)≤(1+o(1))C_2n 2mm+1 log n m+1m-1 for fixed odd m≥5 and n→∞, where C_1=C_1(m)>0 and C_2=C_2(m)>0, in particular, C_2=12 if m=5 . It is obtained by the analytic method and using the function f_m(x)=∫ 1 _ 0 (1-t) 1m dtm+(x-m)t , x≥0 , m≥1 on the base of the asymptotic upper bounds for r(C_m, K_n) which were given by Caro, et al. Also, cn log n 52 ≤r(K_4, K_n)≤(1+o(1)) n 3 ( log n) 2 (as n→∞ ). Moreover, we give r(K_k+C_m, K_n)≤(1+o(1))C_5(m)n log n k+mm-2 for fixed even m≥4 and r(K_k+C_m, K_n)≤(1+o(1))C_6(m)n 2+(k+1)(m-1)2+k(m-1) log n k+2m-1 for fixed odd m≥3 (as n→∞ ).展开更多
Let G=(V, E) be a simple graph without an isolate. A subset T of V is a total dominating set of G if for any there exists at least one vertex such that .The total domination number γ1(G) of G is the minimum order of...Let G=(V, E) be a simple graph without an isolate. A subset T of V is a total dominating set of G if for any there exists at least one vertex such that .The total domination number γ1(G) of G is the minimum order of a total dominating set of G. This paper proves that if G is a connected graph with n≥3 vertices and minimum degree at least two.展开更多
A system of number recognition with a graphic user interface （GUI） is implemented on the embedded development platform by using the fuzzy pattern recognition method. An application interface （API） of uC/ OS-Ⅱ is ...A system of number recognition with a graphic user interface （GUI） is implemented on the embedded development platform by using the fuzzy pattern recognition method. An application interface （API） of uC/ OS-Ⅱ is used to implement the features of multi-task concurrency and the communications among tasks. Handwriting function is implemented by the improvement of the interface provided by the platform. Fuzzy pattern recognition technology based on fuzzy theory is used to analyze the input of handwriting. A primary system for testing is implemented. It can receive and analyze user inputs from both keyboard and touch-screen. The experimental results show that the embedded fuzzy recognition system which uses the technology which integrates two ways of fuzzy recognition can retain a high recognition rate and reduce hardware requirements.展开更多
A continuous measurement of number size distributions and chemical composition of aerosol particles was conducted in Beijing in a dust storm event during 21-26 March 2001. The number concentration of coarse particles ...A continuous measurement of number size distributions and chemical composition of aerosol particles was conducted in Beijing in a dust storm event during 21-26 March 2001. The number concentration of coarse particles （ 〉2μm） increased more significantly than fine particles （ 〈2μm） during the dust storm due to dust weather, while the anthropogenic aerosols collected during the non-dust-storm period tended to be associated with fine particles. Elemental compositions were analyzed by using proton-induced X-ray emission （PIXE）. The results show that 20 elements in the dust storm were much higher than in the non-dust-storm period. The calculated soil dust concentration during the dust storm was, on average, 251.8μg m^-3, while it was only 52.1μg m^-3 on non-dust-storm days. The enrichment factors for Mg, A1, P, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, C1, Cu, Pb, and Zn show small variations between the dust storm and the non-dust-storm period, while those for Ca, Ni and Cr in the dust storm were much lower than those in the non-dust-storm period due to significant local emission sources. A high concentration and enrichment factor for S were observed during the dust storm, which implies that the dust particles were contaminated by aerosol particles from anthropogenic emissions during the long-range transport. A statistical analysis shows that the elemental composition of particles collected during the dust storm in Beijing were better correlated with those of desert soil colleted from desert regions in Inner Mongolia. Air mass back-trajectory analysis further confirmed that this dust storm event could be identified as streaks of dust plumes originating from Inner Mongolia.展开更多
This paper aims to study a new grey prediction approach and its solution for forecasting the main system variable whose accurate value could not be collected while the potential value set could be defined. Based on th...This paper aims to study a new grey prediction approach and its solution for forecasting the main system variable whose accurate value could not be collected while the potential value set could be defined. Based on the traditional nonhomogenous discrete grey forecasting model（NDGM）, the interval grey number and its algebra operations are redefined and combined with the NDGM model to construct a new interval grey number sequence prediction approach. The solving principle of the model is analyzed, the new accuracy evaluation indices, i.e. mean absolute percentage error of mean value sequence（MAPEM） and mean percent of interval sequence simulating value set covered（MPSVSC）, are defined and, the procedure of the interval grey number sequence based the NDGM（IG-NDGM） is given out. Finally, a numerical case is used to test the modelling accuracy of the proposed model. Results show that the proposed approach could solve the interval grey number sequence prediction problem and it is much better than the traditional DGM（1,1） model and GM（1,1） model.展开更多
Micro air vehicles （MAV＇s） have the potential to revolutionize our sensing and information gathering capabilities in environmental monitoring and homeland security areas. Due to the MAV＇s＇ small size, flight regi...Micro air vehicles （MAV＇s） have the potential to revolutionize our sensing and information gathering capabilities in environmental monitoring and homeland security areas. Due to the MAV＇s＇ small size, flight regime, and modes of operation, significant scientific advancement will be needed to create this revolutionary capability. Aerodynamics, structural dynamics, and flight dynamics of natural flyers intersects with some of the richest problems in MAV＇s, inclu- ding massively unsteady three-dimensional separation, transition in boundary layers and shear layers, vortical flows and bluff body flows, unsteady flight environment, aeroelasticity, and nonlinear and adaptive control are just a few examples. A challenge is that the scaling of both fluid dynamics and structural dynamics between smaller natural flyer and practical flying hardware/lab experiment （larger dimension） is fundamentally difficult. In this paper, we offer an overview of the challenges and issues, along with sample results illustrating some of the efforts made from a computational modeling angle.展开更多
New particle formation is a key process in shaping the size distribution of aerosols in the atmosphere.We present here the measurement results of number and size distribution of aerosol particles （10–10000 nm in dia...New particle formation is a key process in shaping the size distribution of aerosols in the atmosphere.We present here the measurement results of number and size distribution of aerosol particles （10–10000 nm in diameter） obtained in the summer of 2008,at a suburban site in Beijing,China.We firstly reported the pollution level,particle number size distribution,diurnal variation of the particle number size distribution and then introduced the characteristics of the particle formation processes.The results showed that the number concentration of ultrafine particles was much lower than the values measured in other urban or suburban areas in previous studies.Sharp increases of ultrafine particle count were frequently observed at noon.An examination of the diurnal pattern suggested that the burst of ultrafine particles was mainly due to new particle formation promoted by photochemical processes.In addition,high relative humidity was a key factor driving the growth of the particles in the afternoon.During the 2-month observations,new particle formation from homogeneous nucleation was observed for 42.7% of the study period.The average growth rate of newly formed particles was 3.2 nm/hr,and varied from 1.2 to 8.0 nm/hr.The required concentration of condensable vapor was 4.4×10 7 cm-3,and its source rate was 1.2×10 6 cm-3 sec-1.Further calculation on the source rate of sulphuric acid vapor indicated that the average participation of sulphuric acid to particle growth rates was 28.7%.展开更多
Tassel branch number （TBN） is the principal component of maize tassel inflorescence architecture and is a typical quan- titative trait controlled by multiple genes. The main objective of this research was to detect ...Tassel branch number （TBN） is the principal component of maize tassel inflorescence architecture and is a typical quan- titative trait controlled by multiple genes. The main objective of this research was to detect quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for TBN. The maize inbred line SICAU1212 was used as the common parent to develop BC1S1 and recombinant inbred line （RIL） populations with inbred lines 3237 and B73, respectively. The two related populations consisted of 123 and 238 lines, respectively. Each population was grown and phenotyped for TBN in two environments. Eleven QTLs were detected in the BC1S1 population, located on chromosomes 2, 3, 5, and 7, accounted for 4.45-26.58% of the phenotypic variation. Two QTLs （qB11Jtbn2-1, qB12Ctbn2-1, qBJtbn2-1; q11JBtbn5-1, qB12Ctbn5-1, qBJtbn5-1） that accounted for more than 10% of the phenotypic variation were identified. Three QTLs located on chromosomes 2, 3 and 5, exhibited stable expres- sion in the two environments. Ten QTLs were detected in the RIL population, located on chromosomes 2, 3, 5, 8, and 10, accounted for 2.69-13.58% of the TBN variation. One QTL （qR14Dtbn2-2） explained 〉10% of the phenotypic variation. One common QTL （qB12Ctbn2-2, qR14Dtbn2-2, qRJtbn2-2） was detected between the two related populations. Three pairs of epistatic effects were identified between two loci with or without additive effects and accounted for 1.19-4.26% of the phenotypic variance. These results demonstrated that TBN variation was mainly caused by major effects, minor effects and slightly modified by epistatic effects. Thus, identification of QTL for TBN may help elucidate the genetic basis of TBN and also facilitate map-based cloning and marker-assisted selection （MAS） in maize breeding programs.展开更多
文摘In this paper,we establish some strong laws of large numbers,which are for nonindependent random variables under the framework of sublinear expectations.One of our main results is for blockwise m-dependent random variables,and another is for sub-orthogonal random variables.Both extend the strong law of large numbers for independent random variables under sublinear expectations to the non-independent case.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12471367 and12361076)the Research Program of Science and Technology at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(Nos.NJZY19186,NJZY22036,and NJZY23003)。
文摘We are intrigued by the issues of shock instability,with a particular emphasis on numerical schemes that address the carbuncle phenomenon by reducing dissipation rather than increasing it.For a specific class of planar flow fields where the transverse direction exhibits vanishing but non-zero velocity components,such as a disturbed onedimensional(1D)steady shock wave,we conduct a formal asymptotic analysis for the Euler system and associated numerical methods.This analysis aims to illustrate the discrepancies among various low-dissipative numerical algorithms.Furthermore,a numerical stability analysis of steady shock is undertaken to identify the key factors underlying shock-stable algorithms.To verify the stability mechanism,a consistent,low-dissipation,and shock-stable HLLC-type Riemann solver is presented.
文摘This study presents a new approach that advances the algorithm of similarity measures between generalized fuzzy numbers. Following a brief introduction to some properties of the proposed method, a comparative analysis based on 36 sets of generalized fuzzy numbers was performed, in which the degree of similarity of the fuzzy numbers was calculated with the proposed method and seven methods established by previous studies in the literature. The results of the analytical comparison show that the proposed similarity outperforms the existing methods by overcoming their drawbacks and yielding accurate outcomes in all calculations of similarity measures under consideration. Finally, in a numerical example that involves recommending cars to customers based on a nine-member linguistic term set, the proposed similarity measure proves to be competent in addressing fuzzy number recommendation problems.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1201900)National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(32472078,31971937)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(2024NSFSC0312)Crop Characteristic Resources Creation and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province(myzdsys24-01)the Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Study of Distinctive Plants in Education Department of Sichuan Province(TSZW2023ZB-10).
文摘Productive tiller number(PTN)is a pivotal trait that significantly influences wheat grain yield.To date,there have been limited reports on the cloning of genes that regulate PTN in wheat.The quantitative trait locus(QTL)QPtn.sau-4B,associated with PTN,was previously mapped between the markers KASP-1 and KASP-3 on the chromosome 4B.Here,utilizing 12 newly developed markers and phenotypic data of PTN from recombinants identified within this interval,QPtn.sau-4B was further fine-mapped to a 2.58 Mb interval on wheat chromosome arm 4BS.Within this interval,we identified 14 genes with high-confidence and 32 genes with low-confidence.A 0.17 Mb deletion fragment contained TraesCS4B03G0092600 and TraesCS4B03G0093100,which were assigned as candidate genes for QPtn.sau-4B.Additionally,QPtn.sau-4B had potential to enhance both PTN and grain yield in wheat.Cloning this locus would support the development of wheat cultivars with increased grain yield.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12161073)。
文摘A Gallai k-coloring is a k-edge-coloring of a complete graph in which there are no rainbow triangles.For given graphs G_(1),G_(2),G_(3)and nonnegative integers r,s,t with k=r+s+t,the k-colored Gallai-Ramsey number grk(K_(3):r·G_(1),s·G_(2),t·G_(3))is the minimum integer n such that every Gallai k-colored Kncontains a monochromatic copy of G_(1)colored by one of the first r colors or a monochromatic copy of G_(2)colored by one of the middle s colors or a monochromatic copy of G_(3)colored by one of the last t colors.In this paper,we determine the value of GallaiRamsey number in the case that G_(1)=B_(3)^(+),G_(2)=S_(3)^(+)and G_(3)=K_(3).Then the Gallai-Ramsey numbers grk(K_(3):B_(3)^(+)),grk(K_(3):S_(3)^(+))and grk(K_(3):K_(3))are obtained,respectively.Furthermore,the Gallai-Ramsey numbers grk(K_(3):r·B_(3)^(+),(k-r)·S_(3)^(+)),grk(K_(3):r·B_(3)^(+),(k-r)·K_(3))and grk(K_(3):s·S_(3)^(+),(k-s)·K_(3))are obtained,respectively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12402444)。
文摘A new dimensionless number is proposed for dynamic plastic deformation analysis of clamped circular plates under underwater explosion loads by introducing dimensional analysis method to the basic dynamical governing equations of circular plates.The relation between dimensionless final plastic deformation of circular plates and the new dimensionless number is established based on massive underwater explosion test data.Meanwhile,comparative analysis was discussed with two other published dimensionless parameters which indicated the new dimensionless number proposed in this paper is more effective and extensive to predict the dynamic plastic response of circular plates under underwater explosion condition.
文摘Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord,leading to muscle weakness,paralysis,and respiratory failure (Morgan and Orrell,2016).
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11961041,12261055)the Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(Grant No.24JRRA222)the Foundation for Innovative Fundamental Research Group Project of Gansu Province(Grant No.25JRRA805).
文摘In this paper,we first give a sufficient condition for a graph being fractional ID-[a,b]-factor-critical covered in terms of its independence number and minimum degree,which partially answers the problem posed by Sizhong Zhou,Hongxia Liu and Yang Xu(2022).Then,an A_(α)-spectral condition is given to ensure that G is a fractional ID-[a,b]-factor-critical covered graph and an(a,b,k)-factor-critical graph,respectively.In fact,(a,b,k)-factor-critical graph is a graph which has an[a,b]-factor for k=0.Thus,these above results extend the results of Jia Wei and Shenggui Zhang(2023)and Ao Fan,Ruifang Liu and Guoyan Ao(2023)in some sense.
文摘This paper presents a general approach for determining the configuration number for any linkage: A kinematic cham (KC) can be divided into some basic kinematic chains (BKCs) and driving joints; there are only 33 kinds of BKCs with υ =1-4 independent loop, containing only R (revolute) joints and their configuration numbers are given; the configuration number of a KC equals to the multiplication of the configuration numbers of BKCs contained in the KC.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No60403016)the Weaponry Equipment Foundation of PLA Equip-ment Ministry (No51406020105JB8103)
文摘To solve the extended fuzzy description logic with qualifying number restriction （EFALCQ） reasoning problems, EFALCQ is discretely simulated by description logic with qualifying number restriction （ALCQ）, and ALCQ reasoning results are reused to prove the complexity of EFALCQ reasoning problems. The ALCQ simulation method for the consistency of EFALCQ is proposed. This method reduces EFALCQ satisfiability into EFALCQ consistency, and uses EFALCQ satisfiability to discretely simulate EFALCQ satdomain. It is proved that the reasoning complexity for EFALCQ satisfiability, consistency and sat-domain is PSPACE-complete.
基金Project“973",a national fundamental research development program
文摘Retrograde condensation frequently occurs during the development of gas condensate reservoirs. The loss of productivity is often observed due to the reduced relative permeability to gas as condensate accumulates near the well bore region. How to describe the condensate blockage effect exactly has been a continuous research topic. However, up to now, the present methods usually over-estimate or underestimate the productivity reduction due to an incorrect understanding of the mechanism of flow in porous medium, which inevitably results in an inaccurate prediction of production performance. It has been found in recent numerous theoretical and experimental studies that capillary number and non-Darcy flow have significant influence on relative permeability in regions near the well bore. The two effects impose opposite impacts on production performance, thus leading to gas condensate flow showing characteristics different from general understanding. It is significant for prediction of performance in gas condensate wells to understand the two effects exactly. The aim of the paper is to describe and analyze the flow dynamics in porous media accurately during the production of gas condensate reservoirs. Based on the description of three-zone flow mechanism, capillary number and non-Darcy effect are incorporated in the analysis of relative permeability, making it possible to describe the effect of condensate blockage. The effect of capillary number and inertial flow on gas and condensate relative permeability is analyzed in detail. Novel Inflow Performance Relation (IPR) models considering high velocity effects are formulated and the contrast analysis of different IPR models is conducted. The result shows that the proposed method can help predict the production performance and productivity more accurately than conventional methods.
文摘In this paper, we use a combinatorial analysis method. In the complete graph K N with edges colored arbitrarily by red or blue, we consider the proposition of the subgraph of the red graph or blue graph induced by the neighborhood of some vertex in V(K N). Inspired by the main results of Jayawardene and Rousseau (Ars Combinatoria, 2000, 163-173), we determine the Ramsey numbers of r(K 1, 4, G), where G is the three-partite graph of order six without isolate vertex.
文摘It is shown that r(W_m, K_n)≤(1+o(1))C_1n log n 2m-2m-2 for fixed even m≥4 and n→∞, and r(W_m, K_n)≤(1+o(1))C_2n 2mm+1 log n m+1m-1 for fixed odd m≥5 and n→∞, where C_1=C_1(m)>0 and C_2=C_2(m)>0, in particular, C_2=12 if m=5 . It is obtained by the analytic method and using the function f_m(x)=∫ 1 _ 0 (1-t) 1m dtm+(x-m)t , x≥0 , m≥1 on the base of the asymptotic upper bounds for r(C_m, K_n) which were given by Caro, et al. Also, cn log n 52 ≤r(K_4, K_n)≤(1+o(1)) n 3 ( log n) 2 (as n→∞ ). Moreover, we give r(K_k+C_m, K_n)≤(1+o(1))C_5(m)n log n k+mm-2 for fixed even m≥4 and r(K_k+C_m, K_n)≤(1+o(1))C_6(m)n 2+(k+1)(m-1)2+k(m-1) log n k+2m-1 for fixed odd m≥3 (as n→∞ ).
文摘Let G=(V, E) be a simple graph without an isolate. A subset T of V is a total dominating set of G if for any there exists at least one vertex such that .The total domination number γ1(G) of G is the minimum order of a total dominating set of G. This paper proves that if G is a connected graph with n≥3 vertices and minimum degree at least two.
基金Pre-Research Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China supported by Southeast University ( NoXJ0605227)
文摘A system of number recognition with a graphic user interface （GUI） is implemented on the embedded development platform by using the fuzzy pattern recognition method. An application interface （API） of uC/ OS-Ⅱ is used to implement the features of multi-task concurrency and the communications among tasks. Handwriting function is implemented by the improvement of the interface provided by the platform. Fuzzy pattern recognition technology based on fuzzy theory is used to analyze the input of handwriting. A primary system for testing is implemented. It can receive and analyze user inputs from both keyboard and touch-screen. The experimental results show that the embedded fuzzy recognition system which uses the technology which integrates two ways of fuzzy recognition can retain a high recognition rate and reduce hardware requirements.
文摘A continuous measurement of number size distributions and chemical composition of aerosol particles was conducted in Beijing in a dust storm event during 21-26 March 2001. The number concentration of coarse particles （ 〉2μm） increased more significantly than fine particles （ 〈2μm） during the dust storm due to dust weather, while the anthropogenic aerosols collected during the non-dust-storm period tended to be associated with fine particles. Elemental compositions were analyzed by using proton-induced X-ray emission （PIXE）. The results show that 20 elements in the dust storm were much higher than in the non-dust-storm period. The calculated soil dust concentration during the dust storm was, on average, 251.8μg m^-3, while it was only 52.1μg m^-3 on non-dust-storm days. The enrichment factors for Mg, A1, P, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, C1, Cu, Pb, and Zn show small variations between the dust storm and the non-dust-storm period, while those for Ca, Ni and Cr in the dust storm were much lower than those in the non-dust-storm period due to significant local emission sources. A high concentration and enrichment factor for S were observed during the dust storm, which implies that the dust particles were contaminated by aerosol particles from anthropogenic emissions during the long-range transport. A statistical analysis shows that the elemental composition of particles collected during the dust storm in Beijing were better correlated with those of desert soil colleted from desert regions in Inner Mongolia. Air mass back-trajectory analysis further confirmed that this dust storm event could be identified as streaks of dust plumes originating from Inner Mongolia.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(7090104171171113)the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(2014ZG52077)
文摘This paper aims to study a new grey prediction approach and its solution for forecasting the main system variable whose accurate value could not be collected while the potential value set could be defined. Based on the traditional nonhomogenous discrete grey forecasting model（NDGM）, the interval grey number and its algebra operations are redefined and combined with the NDGM model to construct a new interval grey number sequence prediction approach. The solving principle of the model is analyzed, the new accuracy evaluation indices, i.e. mean absolute percentage error of mean value sequence（MAPEM） and mean percent of interval sequence simulating value set covered（MPSVSC）, are defined and, the procedure of the interval grey number sequence based the NDGM（IG-NDGM） is given out. Finally, a numerical case is used to test the modelling accuracy of the proposed model. Results show that the proposed approach could solve the interval grey number sequence prediction problem and it is much better than the traditional DGM（1,1） model and GM（1,1） model.
基金a Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (MURI) project sponsored by AFOSR
文摘Micro air vehicles （MAV＇s） have the potential to revolutionize our sensing and information gathering capabilities in environmental monitoring and homeland security areas. Due to the MAV＇s＇ small size, flight regime, and modes of operation, significant scientific advancement will be needed to create this revolutionary capability. Aerodynamics, structural dynamics, and flight dynamics of natural flyers intersects with some of the richest problems in MAV＇s, inclu- ding massively unsteady three-dimensional separation, transition in boundary layers and shear layers, vortical flows and bluff body flows, unsteady flight environment, aeroelasticity, and nonlinear and adaptive control are just a few examples. A challenge is that the scaling of both fluid dynamics and structural dynamics between smaller natural flyer and practical flying hardware/lab experiment （larger dimension） is fundamentally difficult. In this paper, we offer an overview of the challenges and issues, along with sample results illustrating some of the efforts made from a computational modeling angle.
基金supported by the National Department Public Benefit Research Foundation of China (No.201009001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41005065)the Basic Foundation for Public Benefit-Research Academies from the Central Government (No.2008KYYW01)
文摘New particle formation is a key process in shaping the size distribution of aerosols in the atmosphere.We present here the measurement results of number and size distribution of aerosol particles （10–10000 nm in diameter） obtained in the summer of 2008,at a suburban site in Beijing,China.We firstly reported the pollution level,particle number size distribution,diurnal variation of the particle number size distribution and then introduced the characteristics of the particle formation processes.The results showed that the number concentration of ultrafine particles was much lower than the values measured in other urban or suburban areas in previous studies.Sharp increases of ultrafine particle count were frequently observed at noon.An examination of the diurnal pattern suggested that the burst of ultrafine particles was mainly due to new particle formation promoted by photochemical processes.In addition,high relative humidity was a key factor driving the growth of the particles in the afternoon.During the 2-month observations,new particle formation from homogeneous nucleation was observed for 42.7% of the study period.The average growth rate of newly formed particles was 3.2 nm/hr,and varied from 1.2 to 8.0 nm/hr.The required concentration of condensable vapor was 4.4×10 7 cm-3,and its source rate was 1.2×10 6 cm-3 sec-1.Further calculation on the source rate of sulphuric acid vapor indicated that the average participation of sulphuric acid to particle growth rates was 28.7%.
基金the National Basic Research Program of China(the 973 Project,2014CB138203)the State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosytems,China(SKLGAE201509)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31101161)
文摘Tassel branch number （TBN） is the principal component of maize tassel inflorescence architecture and is a typical quan- titative trait controlled by multiple genes. The main objective of this research was to detect quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for TBN. The maize inbred line SICAU1212 was used as the common parent to develop BC1S1 and recombinant inbred line （RIL） populations with inbred lines 3237 and B73, respectively. The two related populations consisted of 123 and 238 lines, respectively. Each population was grown and phenotyped for TBN in two environments. Eleven QTLs were detected in the BC1S1 population, located on chromosomes 2, 3, 5, and 7, accounted for 4.45-26.58% of the phenotypic variation. Two QTLs （qB11Jtbn2-1, qB12Ctbn2-1, qBJtbn2-1; q11JBtbn5-1, qB12Ctbn5-1, qBJtbn5-1） that accounted for more than 10% of the phenotypic variation were identified. Three QTLs located on chromosomes 2, 3 and 5, exhibited stable expres- sion in the two environments. Ten QTLs were detected in the RIL population, located on chromosomes 2, 3, 5, 8, and 10, accounted for 2.69-13.58% of the TBN variation. One QTL （qR14Dtbn2-2） explained 〉10% of the phenotypic variation. One common QTL （qB12Ctbn2-2, qR14Dtbn2-2, qRJtbn2-2） was detected between the two related populations. Three pairs of epistatic effects were identified between two loci with or without additive effects and accounted for 1.19-4.26% of the phenotypic variance. These results demonstrated that TBN variation was mainly caused by major effects, minor effects and slightly modified by epistatic effects. Thus, identification of QTL for TBN may help elucidate the genetic basis of TBN and also facilitate map-based cloning and marker-assisted selection （MAS） in maize breeding programs.
