As the high-density nuclear equation of state(EOS) is not very well constrained, we suggest that the structural properties from the finite systems can be used to extract a more accurate constraint. By including the st...As the high-density nuclear equation of state(EOS) is not very well constrained, we suggest that the structural properties from the finite systems can be used to extract a more accurate constraint. By including the strangeness degrees of freedom, the hyperon or anti-kaon, the finite systems can then have a rather high-density core which is relevant to the nuclear EOS at high densities directly. It is found that the density dependence of the symmetry energy is sensitive to the properties of multi-K hypernuclei, while the high-density EOS of symmetric matter correlates sensitively to the properties of kaonic nuclei.展开更多
Accurate and reliable nuclear data libraries are essential for calculation and design of advanced nuclea systems. A 1200 fine group nuclear data library Hybrid Evaluated Nuclear Data Library/Fine Group(HENDL/FG with n...Accurate and reliable nuclear data libraries are essential for calculation and design of advanced nuclea systems. A 1200 fine group nuclear data library Hybrid Evaluated Nuclear Data Library/Fine Group(HENDL/FG with neutrons of up to 150 Me V has been developed to improve the accuracy of neutronics calculations and anal ysis. Corrections of Doppler, resonance self-shielding, and thermal upscatter effects were done for HENDL/FG Shielding and critical safety benchmarks were performed to test the accuracy and reliability of the library. The dis crepancy between calculated and measured nuclea parameters fell into a reasonable range.展开更多
Introduction-Nuclei near and beyond the proton drip line represent a fascinating frontier in the nuclear landscape. Proton-rich nuclei exhibit intriguing phenomena, such as the Thomas-Ehrman shift and proton-halo stru...Introduction-Nuclei near and beyond the proton drip line represent a fascinating frontier in the nuclear landscape. Proton-rich nuclei exhibit intriguing phenomena, such as the Thomas-Ehrman shift and proton-halo structure. Beyond the proton dripline, nuclei become unbound, allowing protons to be emitted and giving rise to novel radioactive decay modes. Single-proton radioactivity, a process in which some nuclei with an odd number of protons(Z) decay by ejecting a proton, was discovered several decades ago and has been extensively studied [1, 2].展开更多
Nuclear factor Y is a ubiquitous heterotrimeric transcription factor complex conserved across eukaryotes that binds to CCAAT boxes,one of the most common motifs found in gene promoters and enhancers.Over the last 30 y...Nuclear factor Y is a ubiquitous heterotrimeric transcription factor complex conserved across eukaryotes that binds to CCAAT boxes,one of the most common motifs found in gene promoters and enhancers.Over the last 30 years,research has revealed that the nuclear factor Y complex controls many aspects of brain development,including differentiation,axon guidance,homeostasis,disease,and most recently regeneration.However,a complete understanding of transcriptional regulatory networks,including how the nuclear factor Y complex binds to specific CCAAT boxes to perform its function remains elusive.In this review,we explore the nuclear factor Y complex’s role and mode of action during brain development,as well as how genomic technologies may expand understanding of this key regulator of gene expression.展开更多
Strokes include both ischemic stroke,which is mediated by a blockade or reduction in the blood supply to the brain,and hemorrhagic stroke,which comprises intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage and is cha...Strokes include both ischemic stroke,which is mediated by a blockade or reduction in the blood supply to the brain,and hemorrhagic stroke,which comprises intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage and is characterized by bleeding within the brain.Stroke is a lifethreatening cerebrovascular condition characterized by intricate pathophysiological mechanisms,including oxidative stress,inflammation,mitochondrial dysfunction,and neuronal injury.Critical transcription factors,such as nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and nuclear factor kappa B,play central roles in the progression of stroke.Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 is sensitive to changes in the cellular redox status and is crucial in protecting cells against oxidative damage,inflammatory responses,and cytotoxic agents.It plays a significant role in post-stroke neuroprotection and repair by influencing mitochondrial function,endoplasmic reticulum stress,and lysosomal activity and regulating metabolic pathways and cytokine expression.Conversely,nuclear factor-kappa B is closely associated with mitochondrial dysfunction,the generation of reactive oxygen species,oxidative stress exacerbation,and inflammation.Nuclear factor-kappa B contributes to neuronal injury,apoptosis,and immune responses following stroke by modulating cell adhesion molecules and inflammatory mediators.The interplay between these pathways,potentially involving crosstalk among various organelles,significantly influences stroke pathophysiology.Advancements in single-cell sequencing and spatial transcriptomics have greatly improved our understanding of stroke pathogenesis and offer new opportunities for the development of targeted,individualized,cell typespecific treatments.In this review,we discuss the mechanisms underlying the involvement of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and nuclear factor-kappa B in both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke,with an emphasis on their roles in oxidative stress,inflammation,and neuroprotection.展开更多
In nuclear power engineering,the quality requirements for concrete are extremely stringent.Concrete structures must exhibit high durability to withstand the effects of nuclear radiation,chemical corrosion,and environm...In nuclear power engineering,the quality requirements for concrete are extremely stringent.Concrete structures must exhibit high durability to withstand the effects of nuclear radiation,chemical corrosion,and environmental changes.In particular,nuclear power projects impose higher design standards and safety requirements regarding concrete density.Traditional manual vibration and visual inspection methods are difficult to ensure the required level of concrete compaction.This paper presents an intelligent vibration technology for concrete in nuclear power engineering to enhance construction quality and efficiency.By integrating intelligent sensors,control systems,and data processing algorithms,the technology enables real-time monitoring and evaluation of the vibration process.Results show that intelligent vibration technology effectively ensures the density and uniformity of concrete in nuclear power engineering,thereby improving structural safety and reliability.展开更多
Compared to other energy sources,nuclear reactors offer several advantages as a spacecraft power source,including compact size,high power density,and long operating life.These qualities make nuclear power an ideal ene...Compared to other energy sources,nuclear reactors offer several advantages as a spacecraft power source,including compact size,high power density,and long operating life.These qualities make nuclear power an ideal energy source for future deep space exploration.A whole system model of the space nuclear reactor consisting of the reactor neutron kinetics,reactivity control,reactor heat transfer,heat exchanger,and thermoelectric converter was developed.In addition,an electrical power control system was designed based on the developed dynamic model.The GRS method was used to quantitatively calculate the uncertainty of coupling parameters of the neutronics,thermal-hydraulics,and control system for the space reactor.The Spearman correlation coefficient was applied in the sensitivity analysis of system input parameters to output parameters.The calculation results showed that the uncertainty of the output parameters caused by coupling parameters had the most considerable variation,with a relative standard deviation<2.01%.Effective delayed neutron fraction was most sensitive to electrical power.To obtain optimal control performance,the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm method was employed to optimize the controller parameters based on the uncertainty quantification calculation.Two typical transient simulations were conducted to test the adaptive ability of the optimized controller in the uncertainty dynamic system,including 100%full power(FP)to 90%FP step load reduction transient and 5%FP/min linear variable load transient.The results showed that,considering the influence of system uncertainty,the optimized controller could improve the response speed and load following accuracy of electrical power control,in which the effectiveness and superiority have been verified.展开更多
The α-nucleus interaction is crucial in the description of α decay. Recently, we developed a pocket-type dynamical doublefolding potential(DDFP) that effectively incorporates both the surface-medium effect and inter...The α-nucleus interaction is crucial in the description of α decay. Recently, we developed a pocket-type dynamical doublefolding potential(DDFP) that effectively incorporates both the surface-medium effect and interior Pauli repulsion in α decay [H. Zheng et al., Phys. Rev. C 109, L011301(2024)]. This potential results in a pocket geometry within the nuclear surface region, which is consistent with the α-clustering characteristics predicted by microscopic calculations. In this study, the accuracy of the pocket-type DDFP was validated via systematic calculations of α-decay half-lives and an extended evaluation of the nuclear charge radii of the daughter nuclei. The results demonstrate good agreement with the experimental data for both quantities, thereby confirming the reliability of the DDFP model. Compared with calculations that use α-nucleus interactions derived from conventional double-folding procedures, DDFP employs fewer adjustable parameters to achieve a more accurate description of the charge radii based on the experimental α-decay energies.展开更多
Hyperpolarization of nuclear spins is crucial for advancing nuclear magnetic resonance and quantum information technologies,as nuclear spins typically exhibit extremely low polarization at room temperature due to thei...Hyperpolarization of nuclear spins is crucial for advancing nuclear magnetic resonance and quantum information technologies,as nuclear spins typically exhibit extremely low polarization at room temperature due to their small gyromagnetic ratios.A promising approach to achieving high nuclear spin polarization is transferring the polarization of electrons to nuclear spins.The nitrogen-vacancy(NV)center in diamond has emerged as a highly effective medium for this purpose,and various hyperpolarization protocols have been developed.Among these,the pulsed polarization(PulsePol)method has been extensively studied due to its robustness against static energy shifts of the electron spin.In this work,we present a novel polarization protocol and uncover a family of magic sequences for hyperpolarizing nuclear spins,with PulsePol emerging as a special case of our general approach.Notably,we demonstrate that some of these magic sequences exhibit significantly greater robustness compared to the PulsePol protocol in the presence of finite half𝜋pulse duration of the protocol,Rabi and detuning errors.This enhanced robustness positions our protocol as a more suitable candidate for hyper-polarizing nuclear spins species with large gyromagnetic ratios and also ensures better compatibility with high-efficiency readout techniques at high magnetic fields.Additionally,the generality of our protocol allows for its direct application to other solid-state quantum systems beyond the NV center.展开更多
To efficiently remove radioactive nuclides from nuclear industry wastewater and minimize the generation of radioactive secondary waste,this study proposes the concept of a magnetically controlled microchannel adsorber...To efficiently remove radioactive nuclides from nuclear industry wastewater and minimize the generation of radioactive secondary waste,this study proposes the concept of a magnetically controlled microchannel adsorber based on magnetic adsorbents.A novel protocol for achieving high adsorption performance in microchannel adsorbers with periodically distributed particles is developed using the particle-resolved computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method,which addresses the limitations of traditional porous media flow models.To align simulation results more closely with practical scenarios,a typical high-efficiency magnetic adsorbent,magnetic sodium alginate/cobalt-based Prussian blue (M-SA/PB-Co),was synthesized.The M-SA/PB-Co microspheres exhibit a uniform size distribution (300–600 μm),and their Cs^(+) adsorption follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with a Langmuir saturated adsorption capacity of 124.84 mg·g^(-1).The performance parameters of M-SA/PB-Co,obtained from characterization and adsorption experiments,were integrated into CFD simulations.CFD results indicate that as the flow velocity increases,the flow field gradually transitions with vortices expanding in scale and streamline bifurcation points shifting rearward.The Cs^(+) concentration decreases progressively along the flow direction,with a more pronounced reduction in the vortex regions downstream of particles.The characteristic velocity and characteristic concentration of specific regions surrounding the particles were extracted based on boundary layer distribution.The amount of concentration reduction of Cs^(+) through particle is positively correlated with the characteristic concentration and negatively correlated with the characteristic velocity.The number of microspheres required in the microchannel adsorber was optimized using the response surface method.Compared with industrial fixed-bed adsorbers,microchannel adsorbers exhibit 8–10 times higher processing capacity,demonstrating significant industrial application potential.展开更多
Fine-grained nuclear graphite is a key material in high-temperature gas-cooled reactors(HTGRs).During air ingress accidents,core graphite components undergo severe oxidation,threatening structural integrity.Therefore,...Fine-grained nuclear graphite is a key material in high-temperature gas-cooled reactors(HTGRs).During air ingress accidents,core graphite components undergo severe oxidation,threatening structural integrity.Therefore,understanding the oxidation behavior of nuclear graphite is essential for reactor safety.The influence of oxidation involves multiple factors,including temperature,sample size,oxidant,impurities,filler type and size,etc.The size of the filler particles plays a crucial role in this study.Five ultrafine-and superfine-grained nuclear graphite samples(5.9-34.4μm)are manufactured using identical raw materials and manufacturing processes.Isothermal oxidation tests conducted at 650℃-750℃ are used to study the oxidation behavior.Additionally,comprehensive characterization is performed to analyze the crystal structure,surface morphology,and nanoscale to microscale pore structure of the samples.Results indicate that oxidation behavior cannot be predicted solely based on filler grain size.Reactive site concentration,characterized by active surface area,dominates the chemical reaction kinetics,whereas pore tortuosity,quantified by the structural parameterΨ,plays a key role in regulating oxidant diffusion.These findings clarify the dual role of microstructure in oxidation mechanisms and establish a theoretical and experimental basis for the design of high-performance nuclear graphite capable of long-term service in high-temperature gas-cooled reactors.展开更多
When the operating temperature of a solid oxide electrolysis cell(SOEC)is lower than the outlet temperature of a nuclear reactor,the reactor can be directly coupled with the SOEC as a high-temperature heat source.Howe...When the operating temperature of a solid oxide electrolysis cell(SOEC)is lower than the outlet temperature of a nuclear reactor,the reactor can be directly coupled with the SOEC as a high-temperature heat source.However,the key to the efficiency and return on investment of this hybrid energy system lies in the expected lifetime of the SOEC.This study assessed Ni-YSZ|YSZ|GDC|LSC fuel electrode support cells’long-term stability during electrolysis at 650℃with a current density of−0.5Acm^(−2)over 1818 h.The average voltage degradation rate of 2.63%kh^(−1)unfolded in two phases:an initial rapid decay(90 to 1120 h at 3.58%kh^(−1))and a stable decay(1120 to 1818 h at 2.14%kh^(−1)),emphasizing SOECs’probability coupling with nuclear reactors at 650℃.Post-1818-hour electrolysis revealed nickel particle formation associated with Ni(OH)_(x)diffusion and re-deposition,alongside a strontium-containing layer causing interface cracking.Despite minimal strontium segregation in the EDS,XPS data indicated surface segregation of Sr.This study provides crucial insights into prolonged SOEC operation,highlighting both its potential and challenges.展开更多
Nuclear heating plays an important aspect in design and deployment of both fission and fusion reactors and experimental devices in terms of cooling requirements. Two experimental campaigns in the framework of a collab...Nuclear heating plays an important aspect in design and deployment of both fission and fusion reactors and experimental devices in terms of cooling requirements. Two experimental campaigns in the framework of a collaboration project between the French Atomic and Alternative Energy Commission(CEA) and Jožef Stefan Institute(JSI), Slovenia, have been performed at the JSI TRIGA reactor for the experimental assessment of nuclear heating in fission and fusion-relevant materials by the differential calorimetry technique, based on the CALMOS and CARMEN differential calorimeters, previously developed at CEA. The results of the first campaign performed at reactor powers between 100 and 250 kW have already been reported, highlighting some measurement difficulties. Therefore, the second campaign was performed at a lower reactor power of 30 kW to overcome these issues. Moreover, a computational analysis of the experiments was performed using the JSIR2S code package to calculate the nuclear heating levels. Both experiments and their reproduction by simulations are described in detail. We present a comparison of the previously reported measured nuclear heating values of the first campaign with the computational results, with consistent underestimation by simulations by 8–35%. We report the experimental and computational results for the second experimental campaign performed at a reactor power of 30 kW. The simulated heating values were in agreement with the measurements within the measured heating uncertainty, with simulated heating 2.7–11.3% lower than the experimental values.展开更多
Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)is a non-invasive technique that modifies cortical excitability and induces neuroplasticity using low-intensity electrical currents.Nuclear medicine technologies like posit...Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)is a non-invasive technique that modifies cortical excitability and induces neuroplasticity using low-intensity electrical currents.Nuclear medicine technologies like positron emission tomography(PET)and single-photon emission computed tomography(SPECT)can quantify cerebral metabolism and other dynamics.Evidence suggests that combining tDCS with these imaging methods enhances understanding and outcomes for neurological and psychiatric conditions.This review highlights how nuclear medicine can objectively characterize tDCS eff ects,map network modulation,and identify predictive biomarkers.PET and SPECT indicate changes in glucose metabolism and neurotransmitter activity post-tDCS,demonstrating their value in validation.While the co-application of these methodologies is still in conceptual stages,their integration may advance precision neuromodulation and inform rehabilitation strategies.展开更多
To clarify fluid flow mechanisms and establish effective development conditions in continental shale oil reservoirs,a high-temperature,high-pressure steady-state flow system integrated with nuclear magnetic resonance(...To clarify fluid flow mechanisms and establish effective development conditions in continental shale oil reservoirs,a high-temperature,high-pressure steady-state flow system integrated with nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)technology has been developed.The apparatus combines sample evacuation,rapid pressurization and saturation,and controlled displacement,enabling systematic investigation of single-phase shale oil flow under representative reservoir conditions.Related experiments allow proper quantification of the activation thresholds and relative contributions of different pore types to flow.A movable fluid index(MFI),defined using dual T_(2) cutoff values,is introduced accordingly and linked to key flow parameters.The results reveal distinct multi-scale characteristics of single-phase shale oil transport,namely micro-scale graded displacement and macro-scale segmented nonlinear behavior.As the injection-production pressure difference increases,flow pathways are activated progressively,beginning with fractures,followed by large and then smaller macropores,leading to a pronounced enhancement in apparent permeability.Although mesopores and micropores contribute little to direct flow,their indirect influence becomes increasingly important,and apparent permeability gradually approaches a stable limit at higher pressure difference.It is also shown that the MFI exhibits a strong negative correlation with the starting pressure gradient and a positive correlation with apparent permeability,providing a rapid and reliable indicator of shale oil flow capacity.Samples containing through-going fractures display consistently higher MFI values and superior flowability compared with those dominated by laminated fractures,highlighting the pivotal role of well-connected fracture networks generated by large-scale hydraulic fracturing in improving shale oil production.展开更多
The pore structure of shale oil reservoir significantly affects the occurrence and mobility of hydrocarbons.The potential of a new type of alkaline lake shale oil has been demonstrated,but there are few reports on the...The pore structure of shale oil reservoir significantly affects the occurrence and mobility of hydrocarbons.The potential of a new type of alkaline lake shale oil has been demonstrated,but there are few reports on the pore system of alkaline lake shale,which restricts the efficient exploration and development of shale oil.This study investigates the Fengcheng Formation shale in the Mahu sag of the Junggar Basin,employing methods such as low-temperature nitrogecn adsorption(LTNA),mercury intrusion capillary pressure(MICP),and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)to quantitatively characterize the multi-scale pore structure and fractal characteristics of shale,while evaluating the applicability of these methods.Based on a comprehensive analysis of material composition,different pore types,and fractal dimensions,the controlling factors for the development of different pore types and their seepage capacity are discussed.The results indicate that inorganic mineral pores are the main development in alkaline lake shale,with the pore morphology being characterized by slit-like and ink-bottle shapes.The multi-scale pore size distribution(PSD)shows that Ⅱ-micropores(10-100 nm)and mesopores(100–1000 nm)are the main contributors to the pore system.The development of Ⅱ-micropores is associated with feldspar and calcareous minerals,the development of Ⅰ-micropores(<10 nm)and mesopores is related to quartz content,while large pores are mainly found in interlayer fissures of clay minerals.The development of Ⅰ-micropores increases the roughness of pore surface and enhances the adsorption capacity of the pores,while the development of Ⅱ-micropores associated with calcareous minerals hinders pore seepage capacity.Mesopores and macropores(>1000 nm)exhibit good flowability.The high content of siliceous minerals plays a positive role in the pore system of alkaline lake shale.The shale with higher fractal dimension Dmin exhibits greater adsorption capacity,which hinders the accumulation of free-state shale oil.Different types of pore space play different roles in the occurrence of shale oil,with free-state shale oil primarily occurring in micro-fractures and inorganic mineral pores,and the pore size is exceeding 10 nm.展开更多
The process of nuclear fusion in the presence of a laser field was theoretically analyzed.The analysis is applicable to most fusion reactions and different types of currently available intense lasers,from X-ray free-e...The process of nuclear fusion in the presence of a laser field was theoretically analyzed.The analysis is applicable to most fusion reactions and different types of currently available intense lasers,from X-ray free-electron lasers to solid-state near-infrared lasers.Laser fields were shown to enhance the fusion yields,and the mechanism of this enhancement was explained.Low-frequency lasers are more efficient in enhancing fusion than high-frequency lasers.The calculation results show enhancements of fusion yields by orders of magnitude with currently available intense low-frequency laser fields.The temperature requirement for controlled nuclear fusion may be reduced with the aid of intense laser fields.展开更多
Based on the generalized reduced R-matrix theory,the R-matrix analysis code(RAC program)was used to analyze the experimental data of all the nuclear reaction channels related to the 5 He system.The current calculation...Based on the generalized reduced R-matrix theory,the R-matrix analysis code(RAC program)was used to analyze the experimental data of all the nuclear reaction channels related to the 5 He system.The current calculations provide accurate and reliable evaluation data and are in good agreement with the experimental data.In this study,self-consistent evaluation data for each reaction were obtained using multi-channel and multi-energy fitting.In particular,the error propagation theory of generalized least squares was used to determine the error of the evaluation data and the covariance matrix of the integral cross section.This R-matrix analysis for the 5 He system has three features.First,for the first time,the error in the evaluation data of the T(d,n)^(4)He reaction cross section and the covariance matrix of the integral cross section are provided.Second,we used only one set of R-matrix parameters to depict the reaction cross section of each reaction channel of the 5 He system for the entire energy region in our work.Third,in this evaluation,we considered some of the latest measured experimental data,especially after 2000.The T(d,n)^(4)He reaction cross section at 0.1 MeV and below was carefully studied.The effect of different energy levels in T(d,n)^(4)He was analyzed,with the energy levels 3/2^(+)making a major contribution to the cross section,and the role of the S-wave and P-wave from 3/2~-determines the lean forward trend of the angular distributions at 0.01–0.1 MeV.展开更多
The Fujian oyster(Crassostrea angulata) is an economically significant shellfish species distributed mainly along the Fujian coast, Southeast China. However, its genetic diversity and structure remain unclear. The mai...The Fujian oyster(Crassostrea angulata) is an economically significant shellfish species distributed mainly along the Fujian coast, Southeast China. However, its genetic diversity and structure remain unclear. The main distribution area of the C. angulata is located in Fujian, South China. In total, 420 C. angulata were collected from 14 natural habitats(populations) along the Fujian coast, and their genetic diversity and structure were analyzed in the mitochondrial COI and nuclear gene ITS2 sequences. Results reveal that all the 14 populations of C. angulata exhibited high levels of genetic diversity, with a total of 57(haplotype diversity: 0.811±0.016) and 124(haplotype diversity: 0.912±0.007) haplotypes revealed by COI and ITS2, respectively. Notably, significant intermediate level of genetic differentiations between the Ningde Zhujiang(ZJ) population(FS T by COI: 0.035–0.142, P<0.05;FS T by ITS2: 0.078–0.123, P<0.05) with other populations were observed for the first time, which is also supported by the results of molecular variance analysis(FC T by COI: 0.105, P<0.05;FC T by ITS2: 0.086, P<0.05) and the clustering of the ZJ population into distinct branches in the interpopulation genetic differentiation tree. Furthermore, the evolutionary tree and haplotype network analyses do not support the formation of a clear geographical genealogical structure among these 14 populations. In addition, the population dynamics analysis suggests that the C. angulata may have undergone expansion during the third ice age of the Pleistocene. These results provide a reference for the preservation and further genetic improvement of C. angulata.展开更多
Preliminary studies on emerging herbal ingredients have highlighted alternative pathways that inflammation and modulate perturbed immunity as valuable strategies for treating depression.Previous studies have shown tha...Preliminary studies on emerging herbal ingredients have highlighted alternative pathways that inflammation and modulate perturbed immunity as valuable strategies for treating depression.Previous studies have shown that 5-O-methylvisammioside,a bioactive compound derived from Saposhnikoviae Radix,possesses excellent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant biological functions,exhibits a neuroprotective effect.The purpose of this study was to explore the targets and signaling pathways of 5-O-methylvisammioside in the potential treatment of major depressive disorder using a combination of network pharmacology analysis and biological experiments.The network pharmacological analysis results indicated that the proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src and the nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway were highly correlated with the treatment of major depressive disorder with 5-O-methylvisammioside.Further experiments indicated that 5-O-methylvisammioside significantly improved lipopolysaccharide-induced depression-like behaviors in mice,ameliorated microglial polarization in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 regions,and inhibited Src phosphorylation and nuclear factor kappa B pathway activation.The effects of 5-O-methylvisammioside were similar to those of the Src inhibitor PP2.When 5-O-methylvisammioside was administered with PP2,no effects were observed on lipopolysaccharide-induced depression-like behaviors in mice,nuclear factor kappa B pathway proteins,and microglial polarization.These findings indicate that 5-O-methylvisammioside may exert its antidepressant potential by inhibiting Src-mediated activation of the nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway.Therefore,5-O-methylvisammioside might serve as a promising Chinese herbal medicine for the prevention and treatment of depression.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11275048,11775049)the China Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.BK20131286)
文摘As the high-density nuclear equation of state(EOS) is not very well constrained, we suggest that the structural properties from the finite systems can be used to extract a more accurate constraint. By including the strangeness degrees of freedom, the hyperon or anti-kaon, the finite systems can then have a rather high-density core which is relevant to the nuclear EOS at high densities directly. It is found that the density dependence of the symmetry energy is sensitive to the properties of multi-K hypernuclei, while the high-density EOS of symmetric matter correlates sensitively to the properties of kaonic nuclei.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11405204 11305205 and 10675123)Special Program for Informatization of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XXH12504-1-09)the National Special Program for ITER(No.2014GB1120001)
文摘Accurate and reliable nuclear data libraries are essential for calculation and design of advanced nuclea systems. A 1200 fine group nuclear data library Hybrid Evaluated Nuclear Data Library/Fine Group(HENDL/FG with neutrons of up to 150 Me V has been developed to improve the accuracy of neutronics calculations and anal ysis. Corrections of Doppler, resonance self-shielding, and thermal upscatter effects were done for HENDL/FG Shielding and critical safety benchmarks were performed to test the accuracy and reliability of the library. The dis crepancy between calculated and measured nuclea parameters fell into a reasonable range.
文摘Introduction-Nuclei near and beyond the proton drip line represent a fascinating frontier in the nuclear landscape. Proton-rich nuclei exhibit intriguing phenomena, such as the Thomas-Ehrman shift and proton-halo structure. Beyond the proton dripline, nuclei become unbound, allowing protons to be emitted and giving rise to novel radioactive decay modes. Single-proton radioactivity, a process in which some nuclei with an odd number of protons(Z) decay by ejecting a proton, was discovered several decades ago and has been extensively studied [1, 2].
基金supported by National Health and Medical Research Council GNT1105374,GNT1137645,GNT2000766 and veski Innovation Fellowship(VIF23)to RP.
文摘Nuclear factor Y is a ubiquitous heterotrimeric transcription factor complex conserved across eukaryotes that binds to CCAAT boxes,one of the most common motifs found in gene promoters and enhancers.Over the last 30 years,research has revealed that the nuclear factor Y complex controls many aspects of brain development,including differentiation,axon guidance,homeostasis,disease,and most recently regeneration.However,a complete understanding of transcriptional regulatory networks,including how the nuclear factor Y complex binds to specific CCAAT boxes to perform its function remains elusive.In this review,we explore the nuclear factor Y complex’s role and mode of action during brain development,as well as how genomic technologies may expand understanding of this key regulator of gene expression.
基金supported by grants from the Zhejiang Provincial TCM Science and Technology Plan Project,No.2023ZL156(to YH)Ningbo Top Medical and Health Research Program,No.2022020304(to XG)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo,No.2023J019(to YH)Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province,No.2022E10026(to YH)。
文摘Strokes include both ischemic stroke,which is mediated by a blockade or reduction in the blood supply to the brain,and hemorrhagic stroke,which comprises intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage and is characterized by bleeding within the brain.Stroke is a lifethreatening cerebrovascular condition characterized by intricate pathophysiological mechanisms,including oxidative stress,inflammation,mitochondrial dysfunction,and neuronal injury.Critical transcription factors,such as nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and nuclear factor kappa B,play central roles in the progression of stroke.Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 is sensitive to changes in the cellular redox status and is crucial in protecting cells against oxidative damage,inflammatory responses,and cytotoxic agents.It plays a significant role in post-stroke neuroprotection and repair by influencing mitochondrial function,endoplasmic reticulum stress,and lysosomal activity and regulating metabolic pathways and cytokine expression.Conversely,nuclear factor-kappa B is closely associated with mitochondrial dysfunction,the generation of reactive oxygen species,oxidative stress exacerbation,and inflammation.Nuclear factor-kappa B contributes to neuronal injury,apoptosis,and immune responses following stroke by modulating cell adhesion molecules and inflammatory mediators.The interplay between these pathways,potentially involving crosstalk among various organelles,significantly influences stroke pathophysiology.Advancements in single-cell sequencing and spatial transcriptomics have greatly improved our understanding of stroke pathogenesis and offer new opportunities for the development of targeted,individualized,cell typespecific treatments.In this review,we discuss the mechanisms underlying the involvement of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and nuclear factor-kappa B in both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke,with an emphasis on their roles in oxidative stress,inflammation,and neuroprotection.
基金The Advanced Civil Design and Construction Technology Joint LAB of Nuclear Engineering(Project No.:KY23015).
文摘In nuclear power engineering,the quality requirements for concrete are extremely stringent.Concrete structures must exhibit high durability to withstand the effects of nuclear radiation,chemical corrosion,and environmental changes.In particular,nuclear power projects impose higher design standards and safety requirements regarding concrete density.Traditional manual vibration and visual inspection methods are difficult to ensure the required level of concrete compaction.This paper presents an intelligent vibration technology for concrete in nuclear power engineering to enhance construction quality and efficiency.By integrating intelligent sensors,control systems,and data processing algorithms,the technology enables real-time monitoring and evaluation of the vibration process.Results show that intelligent vibration technology effectively ensures the density and uniformity of concrete in nuclear power engineering,thereby improving structural safety and reliability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12305185)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(No.2023JJ50122)+1 种基金International Cooperative Research Project of the Ministry of Education,China(No.HZKY20220355)Scientific Research Foundation of the Education Department of Hunan Province,China(No.22A0307).
文摘Compared to other energy sources,nuclear reactors offer several advantages as a spacecraft power source,including compact size,high power density,and long operating life.These qualities make nuclear power an ideal energy source for future deep space exploration.A whole system model of the space nuclear reactor consisting of the reactor neutron kinetics,reactivity control,reactor heat transfer,heat exchanger,and thermoelectric converter was developed.In addition,an electrical power control system was designed based on the developed dynamic model.The GRS method was used to quantitatively calculate the uncertainty of coupling parameters of the neutronics,thermal-hydraulics,and control system for the space reactor.The Spearman correlation coefficient was applied in the sensitivity analysis of system input parameters to output parameters.The calculation results showed that the uncertainty of the output parameters caused by coupling parameters had the most considerable variation,with a relative standard deviation<2.01%.Effective delayed neutron fraction was most sensitive to electrical power.To obtain optimal control performance,the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm method was employed to optimize the controller parameters based on the uncertainty quantification calculation.Two typical transient simulations were conducted to test the adaptive ability of the optimized controller in the uncertainty dynamic system,including 100%full power(FP)to 90%FP step load reduction transient and 5%FP/min linear variable load transient.The results showed that,considering the influence of system uncertainty,the optimized controller could improve the response speed and load following accuracy of electrical power control,in which the effectiveness and superiority have been verified.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12035011,11975167,12175151,12005139,11947123)the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(No.2021B0301030006)the Steady Support Program for Higher Education Institutions of Shenzhen(Nos.20200810163629001,20200817005440001).
文摘The α-nucleus interaction is crucial in the description of α decay. Recently, we developed a pocket-type dynamical doublefolding potential(DDFP) that effectively incorporates both the surface-medium effect and interior Pauli repulsion in α decay [H. Zheng et al., Phys. Rev. C 109, L011301(2024)]. This potential results in a pocket geometry within the nuclear surface region, which is consistent with the α-clustering characteristics predicted by microscopic calculations. In this study, the accuracy of the pocket-type DDFP was validated via systematic calculations of α-decay half-lives and an extended evaluation of the nuclear charge radii of the daughter nuclei. The results demonstrate good agreement with the experimental data for both quantities, thereby confirming the reliability of the DDFP model. Compared with calculations that use α-nucleus interactions derived from conventional double-folding procedures, DDFP employs fewer adjustable parameters to achieve a more accurate description of the charge radii based on the experimental α-decay energies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12475012,62461160263 for P.W.,and 62276171 for H.L.)Quantum Science and Technology-National Science and Technology Major Project of China (Project No.2023ZD0300600 for P.W.)+3 种基金Guangdong Provincial Quantum Science Strategic Initiative (Grant Nos.GDZX240-3009 and GDZX2303005 for P.W.)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (Grant No.2024-A1515011938 for H.L.)Shenzhen Fundamental ResearchGeneral Project (Grant No.JCYJ20240813141503005 for H.L.)the Talents Introduction Foundation of Beijing Normal University (Grant No.310432106 for P.W.)。
文摘Hyperpolarization of nuclear spins is crucial for advancing nuclear magnetic resonance and quantum information technologies,as nuclear spins typically exhibit extremely low polarization at room temperature due to their small gyromagnetic ratios.A promising approach to achieving high nuclear spin polarization is transferring the polarization of electrons to nuclear spins.The nitrogen-vacancy(NV)center in diamond has emerged as a highly effective medium for this purpose,and various hyperpolarization protocols have been developed.Among these,the pulsed polarization(PulsePol)method has been extensively studied due to its robustness against static energy shifts of the electron spin.In this work,we present a novel polarization protocol and uncover a family of magic sequences for hyperpolarizing nuclear spins,with PulsePol emerging as a special case of our general approach.Notably,we demonstrate that some of these magic sequences exhibit significantly greater robustness compared to the PulsePol protocol in the presence of finite half𝜋pulse duration of the protocol,Rabi and detuning errors.This enhanced robustness positions our protocol as a more suitable candidate for hyper-polarizing nuclear spins species with large gyromagnetic ratios and also ensures better compatibility with high-efficiency readout techniques at high magnetic fields.Additionally,the generality of our protocol allows for its direct application to other solid-state quantum systems beyond the NV center.
基金Dalian distinguished young scholars program(2022RJ17)the Dalian excellent young talents program(2023RY037)provided funding for this study.
文摘To efficiently remove radioactive nuclides from nuclear industry wastewater and minimize the generation of radioactive secondary waste,this study proposes the concept of a magnetically controlled microchannel adsorber based on magnetic adsorbents.A novel protocol for achieving high adsorption performance in microchannel adsorbers with periodically distributed particles is developed using the particle-resolved computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method,which addresses the limitations of traditional porous media flow models.To align simulation results more closely with practical scenarios,a typical high-efficiency magnetic adsorbent,magnetic sodium alginate/cobalt-based Prussian blue (M-SA/PB-Co),was synthesized.The M-SA/PB-Co microspheres exhibit a uniform size distribution (300–600 μm),and their Cs^(+) adsorption follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with a Langmuir saturated adsorption capacity of 124.84 mg·g^(-1).The performance parameters of M-SA/PB-Co,obtained from characterization and adsorption experiments,were integrated into CFD simulations.CFD results indicate that as the flow velocity increases,the flow field gradually transitions with vortices expanding in scale and streamline bifurcation points shifting rearward.The Cs^(+) concentration decreases progressively along the flow direction,with a more pronounced reduction in the vortex regions downstream of particles.The characteristic velocity and characteristic concentration of specific regions surrounding the particles were extracted based on boundary layer distribution.The amount of concentration reduction of Cs^(+) through particle is positively correlated with the characteristic concentration and negatively correlated with the characteristic velocity.The number of microspheres required in the microchannel adsorber was optimized using the response surface method.Compared with industrial fixed-bed adsorbers,microchannel adsorbers exhibit 8–10 times higher processing capacity,demonstrating significant industrial application potential.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFA1612900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52103365 and No.12375270)the Guangdong Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program,China(Grant No.2021ZT09L227).
文摘Fine-grained nuclear graphite is a key material in high-temperature gas-cooled reactors(HTGRs).During air ingress accidents,core graphite components undergo severe oxidation,threatening structural integrity.Therefore,understanding the oxidation behavior of nuclear graphite is essential for reactor safety.The influence of oxidation involves multiple factors,including temperature,sample size,oxidant,impurities,filler type and size,etc.The size of the filler particles plays a crucial role in this study.Five ultrafine-and superfine-grained nuclear graphite samples(5.9-34.4μm)are manufactured using identical raw materials and manufacturing processes.Isothermal oxidation tests conducted at 650℃-750℃ are used to study the oxidation behavior.Additionally,comprehensive characterization is performed to analyze the crystal structure,surface morphology,and nanoscale to microscale pore structure of the samples.Results indicate that oxidation behavior cannot be predicted solely based on filler grain size.Reactive site concentration,characterized by active surface area,dominates the chemical reaction kinetics,whereas pore tortuosity,quantified by the structural parameterΨ,plays a key role in regulating oxidant diffusion.These findings clarify the dual role of microstructure in oxidation mechanisms and establish a theoretical and experimental basis for the design of high-performance nuclear graphite capable of long-term service in high-temperature gas-cooled reactors.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA0400000)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2021253)+1 种基金the Major Science and Technology Projects of China National Offshore Oil Corporation Limited during the 14th Five Year Plan(No.KJGG-2022-12-CCUS-030500)the Photon Science Center for Carbon Neutrality of Chinese Academy of Science.
文摘When the operating temperature of a solid oxide electrolysis cell(SOEC)is lower than the outlet temperature of a nuclear reactor,the reactor can be directly coupled with the SOEC as a high-temperature heat source.However,the key to the efficiency and return on investment of this hybrid energy system lies in the expected lifetime of the SOEC.This study assessed Ni-YSZ|YSZ|GDC|LSC fuel electrode support cells’long-term stability during electrolysis at 650℃with a current density of−0.5Acm^(−2)over 1818 h.The average voltage degradation rate of 2.63%kh^(−1)unfolded in two phases:an initial rapid decay(90 to 1120 h at 3.58%kh^(−1))and a stable decay(1120 to 1818 h at 2.14%kh^(−1)),emphasizing SOECs’probability coupling with nuclear reactors at 650℃.Post-1818-hour electrolysis revealed nickel particle formation associated with Ni(OH)_(x)diffusion and re-deposition,alongside a strontium-containing layer causing interface cracking.Despite minimal strontium segregation in the EDS,XPS data indicated surface segregation of Sr.This study provides crucial insights into prolonged SOEC operation,highlighting both its potential and challenges.
基金supported by the Slovenian Research Agency(research project NC-0001-Analysis of nuclear heating in a reactor,research core funding Reactor physics No.P2-0073,infrastructure program I0-0005)。
文摘Nuclear heating plays an important aspect in design and deployment of both fission and fusion reactors and experimental devices in terms of cooling requirements. Two experimental campaigns in the framework of a collaboration project between the French Atomic and Alternative Energy Commission(CEA) and Jožef Stefan Institute(JSI), Slovenia, have been performed at the JSI TRIGA reactor for the experimental assessment of nuclear heating in fission and fusion-relevant materials by the differential calorimetry technique, based on the CALMOS and CARMEN differential calorimeters, previously developed at CEA. The results of the first campaign performed at reactor powers between 100 and 250 kW have already been reported, highlighting some measurement difficulties. Therefore, the second campaign was performed at a lower reactor power of 30 kW to overcome these issues. Moreover, a computational analysis of the experiments was performed using the JSIR2S code package to calculate the nuclear heating levels. Both experiments and their reproduction by simulations are described in detail. We present a comparison of the previously reported measured nuclear heating values of the first campaign with the computational results, with consistent underestimation by simulations by 8–35%. We report the experimental and computational results for the second experimental campaign performed at a reactor power of 30 kW. The simulated heating values were in agreement with the measurements within the measured heating uncertainty, with simulated heating 2.7–11.3% lower than the experimental values.
文摘Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)is a non-invasive technique that modifies cortical excitability and induces neuroplasticity using low-intensity electrical currents.Nuclear medicine technologies like positron emission tomography(PET)and single-photon emission computed tomography(SPECT)can quantify cerebral metabolism and other dynamics.Evidence suggests that combining tDCS with these imaging methods enhances understanding and outcomes for neurological and psychiatric conditions.This review highlights how nuclear medicine can objectively characterize tDCS eff ects,map network modulation,and identify predictive biomarkers.PET and SPECT indicate changes in glucose metabolism and neurotransmitter activity post-tDCS,demonstrating their value in validation.While the co-application of these methodologies is still in conceptual stages,their integration may advance precision neuromodulation and inform rehabilitation strategies.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(Grant No.2024ZD 1004302)the Key Scientific and Technological Research project of SINOPEC(Grant No.P25186).
文摘To clarify fluid flow mechanisms and establish effective development conditions in continental shale oil reservoirs,a high-temperature,high-pressure steady-state flow system integrated with nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)technology has been developed.The apparatus combines sample evacuation,rapid pressurization and saturation,and controlled displacement,enabling systematic investigation of single-phase shale oil flow under representative reservoir conditions.Related experiments allow proper quantification of the activation thresholds and relative contributions of different pore types to flow.A movable fluid index(MFI),defined using dual T_(2) cutoff values,is introduced accordingly and linked to key flow parameters.The results reveal distinct multi-scale characteristics of single-phase shale oil transport,namely micro-scale graded displacement and macro-scale segmented nonlinear behavior.As the injection-production pressure difference increases,flow pathways are activated progressively,beginning with fractures,followed by large and then smaller macropores,leading to a pronounced enhancement in apparent permeability.Although mesopores and micropores contribute little to direct flow,their indirect influence becomes increasingly important,and apparent permeability gradually approaches a stable limit at higher pressure difference.It is also shown that the MFI exhibits a strong negative correlation with the starting pressure gradient and a positive correlation with apparent permeability,providing a rapid and reliable indicator of shale oil flow capacity.Samples containing through-going fractures display consistently higher MFI values and superior flowability compared with those dominated by laminated fractures,highlighting the pivotal role of well-connected fracture networks generated by large-scale hydraulic fracturing in improving shale oil production.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42272137,42202160)AAPG Foundation Grants-in-Aid and the Strategic Cooperation Technology Projecti of CNPC and CUPB(No.ZLZX2020-01-05)。
文摘The pore structure of shale oil reservoir significantly affects the occurrence and mobility of hydrocarbons.The potential of a new type of alkaline lake shale oil has been demonstrated,but there are few reports on the pore system of alkaline lake shale,which restricts the efficient exploration and development of shale oil.This study investigates the Fengcheng Formation shale in the Mahu sag of the Junggar Basin,employing methods such as low-temperature nitrogecn adsorption(LTNA),mercury intrusion capillary pressure(MICP),and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)to quantitatively characterize the multi-scale pore structure and fractal characteristics of shale,while evaluating the applicability of these methods.Based on a comprehensive analysis of material composition,different pore types,and fractal dimensions,the controlling factors for the development of different pore types and their seepage capacity are discussed.The results indicate that inorganic mineral pores are the main development in alkaline lake shale,with the pore morphology being characterized by slit-like and ink-bottle shapes.The multi-scale pore size distribution(PSD)shows that Ⅱ-micropores(10-100 nm)and mesopores(100–1000 nm)are the main contributors to the pore system.The development of Ⅱ-micropores is associated with feldspar and calcareous minerals,the development of Ⅰ-micropores(<10 nm)and mesopores is related to quartz content,while large pores are mainly found in interlayer fissures of clay minerals.The development of Ⅰ-micropores increases the roughness of pore surface and enhances the adsorption capacity of the pores,while the development of Ⅱ-micropores associated with calcareous minerals hinders pore seepage capacity.Mesopores and macropores(>1000 nm)exhibit good flowability.The high content of siliceous minerals plays a positive role in the pore system of alkaline lake shale.The shale with higher fractal dimension Dmin exhibits greater adsorption capacity,which hinders the accumulation of free-state shale oil.Different types of pore space play different roles in the occurrence of shale oil,with free-state shale oil primarily occurring in micro-fractures and inorganic mineral pores,and the pore size is exceeding 10 nm.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12405288,12374241,12474484,U2330401,12088101)the Natural Science Foundation of Top Talent of SZTU(No.GDRC202526)。
文摘The process of nuclear fusion in the presence of a laser field was theoretically analyzed.The analysis is applicable to most fusion reactions and different types of currently available intense lasers,from X-ray free-electron lasers to solid-state near-infrared lasers.Laser fields were shown to enhance the fusion yields,and the mechanism of this enhancement was explained.Low-frequency lasers are more efficient in enhancing fusion than high-frequency lasers.The calculation results show enhancements of fusion yields by orders of magnitude with currently available intense low-frequency laser fields.The temperature requirement for controlled nuclear fusion may be reduced with the aid of intense laser fields.
基金supported by Science Challenge Project(No.TZ20180001)。
文摘Based on the generalized reduced R-matrix theory,the R-matrix analysis code(RAC program)was used to analyze the experimental data of all the nuclear reaction channels related to the 5 He system.The current calculations provide accurate and reliable evaluation data and are in good agreement with the experimental data.In this study,self-consistent evaluation data for each reaction were obtained using multi-channel and multi-energy fitting.In particular,the error propagation theory of generalized least squares was used to determine the error of the evaluation data and the covariance matrix of the integral cross section.This R-matrix analysis for the 5 He system has three features.First,for the first time,the error in the evaluation data of the T(d,n)^(4)He reaction cross section and the covariance matrix of the integral cross section are provided.Second,we used only one set of R-matrix parameters to depict the reaction cross section of each reaction channel of the 5 He system for the entire energy region in our work.Third,in this evaluation,we considered some of the latest measured experimental data,especially after 2000.The T(d,n)^(4)He reaction cross section at 0.1 MeV and below was carefully studied.The effect of different energy levels in T(d,n)^(4)He was analyzed,with the energy levels 3/2^(+)making a major contribution to the cross section,and the role of the S-wave and P-wave from 3/2~-determines the lean forward trend of the angular distributions at 0.01–0.1 MeV.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32172979)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(No.2021J05159)the 2023 Special Program for Promoting High-Quality Development of Marine and Fishery Industry in Fujian Province(No.PJHYF-L-2023-2)。
文摘The Fujian oyster(Crassostrea angulata) is an economically significant shellfish species distributed mainly along the Fujian coast, Southeast China. However, its genetic diversity and structure remain unclear. The main distribution area of the C. angulata is located in Fujian, South China. In total, 420 C. angulata were collected from 14 natural habitats(populations) along the Fujian coast, and their genetic diversity and structure were analyzed in the mitochondrial COI and nuclear gene ITS2 sequences. Results reveal that all the 14 populations of C. angulata exhibited high levels of genetic diversity, with a total of 57(haplotype diversity: 0.811±0.016) and 124(haplotype diversity: 0.912±0.007) haplotypes revealed by COI and ITS2, respectively. Notably, significant intermediate level of genetic differentiations between the Ningde Zhujiang(ZJ) population(FS T by COI: 0.035–0.142, P<0.05;FS T by ITS2: 0.078–0.123, P<0.05) with other populations were observed for the first time, which is also supported by the results of molecular variance analysis(FC T by COI: 0.105, P<0.05;FC T by ITS2: 0.086, P<0.05) and the clustering of the ZJ population into distinct branches in the interpopulation genetic differentiation tree. Furthermore, the evolutionary tree and haplotype network analyses do not support the formation of a clear geographical genealogical structure among these 14 populations. In addition, the population dynamics analysis suggests that the C. angulata may have undergone expansion during the third ice age of the Pleistocene. These results provide a reference for the preservation and further genetic improvement of C. angulata.
基金supported by a grant from Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province,No.20230204039YY(to RC)the Construction Project for Antidepressant Screening Engineering Laboratory of Jilin Province,No.2023C010(to BL).
文摘Preliminary studies on emerging herbal ingredients have highlighted alternative pathways that inflammation and modulate perturbed immunity as valuable strategies for treating depression.Previous studies have shown that 5-O-methylvisammioside,a bioactive compound derived from Saposhnikoviae Radix,possesses excellent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant biological functions,exhibits a neuroprotective effect.The purpose of this study was to explore the targets and signaling pathways of 5-O-methylvisammioside in the potential treatment of major depressive disorder using a combination of network pharmacology analysis and biological experiments.The network pharmacological analysis results indicated that the proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src and the nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway were highly correlated with the treatment of major depressive disorder with 5-O-methylvisammioside.Further experiments indicated that 5-O-methylvisammioside significantly improved lipopolysaccharide-induced depression-like behaviors in mice,ameliorated microglial polarization in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 regions,and inhibited Src phosphorylation and nuclear factor kappa B pathway activation.The effects of 5-O-methylvisammioside were similar to those of the Src inhibitor PP2.When 5-O-methylvisammioside was administered with PP2,no effects were observed on lipopolysaccharide-induced depression-like behaviors in mice,nuclear factor kappa B pathway proteins,and microglial polarization.These findings indicate that 5-O-methylvisammioside may exert its antidepressant potential by inhibiting Src-mediated activation of the nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway.Therefore,5-O-methylvisammioside might serve as a promising Chinese herbal medicine for the prevention and treatment of depression.
