Organic solar cells(OSCs)have attracted extensive attention from both academia and industry in recent years due to their remarkable improvement in power conversion efficiency(PCE).However,the Golden Triangle(the balan...Organic solar cells(OSCs)have attracted extensive attention from both academia and industry in recent years due to their remarkable improvement in power conversion efficiency(PCE).However,the Golden Triangle(the balance of efficiency-stability-cost)required for large-scale industrialization of OSCs still remains a great challenge.Here,a new nonfused-ring electron acceptor(NFREA)BF and its polymerized counterpart PBF were designed and synthesized,and their photovoltaic performance,storage stability and material cost were systematically investigated.When blended with a widely-used polymer donor PBDB-T,the PBFbased all-polymer solar cell(all-PSC)displayed a record high PCE of 12.61%for polymerized NFREAs(PNFREAs)with an excellent stability(95.2%of initial PCE after 800 h storage),superior to the BF counterpart.Impressively,PBF-based allPSC possesses the highest industrial figure-of-merit(i-FOM)value of 0.309 based on an efficiency-stability-cost evaluation,in comparison to several representative OSC systems(such as PM6:Y6 and PBDB-T:PZ1).This work provides an insight into the balance of efficiency,stability,and cost,and also indicates that the PNFREAs are promising materials toward the commercial application of OSCs.展开更多
Comprehensive Summary By employing thiazole and 4-chlorothiazole as the A′units,two A-D-A′-D-A type nonfused-ring electron acceptors(NFREAs)Tz-H and Tz-Cl were designed and synthesized.Replacing thiazole in Tz-H wit...Comprehensive Summary By employing thiazole and 4-chlorothiazole as the A′units,two A-D-A′-D-A type nonfused-ring electron acceptors(NFREAs)Tz-H and Tz-Cl were designed and synthesized.Replacing thiazole in Tz-H with 4-chlorothiazole can not only remarkably shorten the synthetic route through C—H direct arylation but also enhance molecular planarity with the simultaneous incorporation of S…N and S…Cl noncovalently conformational locks(NoCLs).The photovoltaic devices based on PM6:Tz-Cl exhibited a power conversion efficiency as high as 11.10%,much higher than that of PM6:Tz-H(6.41%),mainly due to more efficient exciton dissociation,better and more balanced carrier mobility,less charge recombination,and more favorable morphology.These findings demonstrate the great potential of NoCLs in achieving low-cost and high-performance NFREAs.展开更多
By employing the asymmetric end-group engineering,an asymmetric nonfused-ring electron acceptor(NFREA)was designed and synthesized.Compared with the symmetric analogs(NoCA-17 and NoCA-18),NoCA-19 possesses broader lig...By employing the asymmetric end-group engineering,an asymmetric nonfused-ring electron acceptor(NFREA)was designed and synthesized.Compared with the symmetric analogs(NoCA-17 and NoCA-18),NoCA-19 possesses broader light absorption range,more coplanarπ-conjugated backbone,and appropriate crystallinity according to the experimental and theoretical results.The organic solar cells based on J52:NoCA-19 exhibited a power conversion efficiency as high as 12.26%,which is much higher than those of J52:NoCA-17(9.50%)and J52:NoCA-18(11.77%),mainly due to more efficient exciton dissociation,better and balanced charge mobility,suppressed recombination loss,shorter charge extraction time,longer charge carrier lifetimes,and more favorable blend film morphology.These findings demonstrate the great potential of asymmetric end-group engineering in exploring low-cost and high-performance NFREAs.展开更多
Optimizing the active layer morphology by introducing a third component is an effective strategy to enhance the performance of organic solar cells(OSCs).Using dithieno[3,2-a:2′′,3′′-c]phenazine as the core,a nonfu...Optimizing the active layer morphology by introducing a third component is an effective strategy to enhance the performance of organic solar cells(OSCs).Using dithieno[3,2-a:2′′,3′′-c]phenazine as the core,a nonfused-ring small molecule(PTBT-SC10)with a large difference in miscibility with the donor and acceptor was obtained by side chain engineering and alteration of theπ-bridge.PTBT-SC10 forms a good complementary absorption with the host donor and acceptor,and it has a cascade energy level arrangement with energy levels of the host materials.Grazing incidence wide angle X-ray scattering(GIWAXS)and atomic force microscopy(AFM)measurements showed that the addition of only 5%mass fraction of PTBT-SC10 resulted in an optimized vertical phase separation morphology for the binary blend.As a result,the optimized PM6:BTP-eC9:PTBT-SC10 ternary OSCs obtained a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 19.1%,while the PCE based on the PM6:BTP-eC9 binary OSCs was only 17.7%.This study shows that the vertical phase separation structure of the binary active layer can be precisely tuned by adding only a small amount of the third component when the miscibility of the third component differs significantly from that of the host material.This provides a new strategy to minimize the generation of defect states in the ternary active layer and improve the photovoltaic performance of the device.展开更多
基金NSFC,Grant/Award Numbers:52120105006,52103352,51925306National Key R&D Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2018FYA 0305800Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Grant/Award Number:2022165。
文摘Organic solar cells(OSCs)have attracted extensive attention from both academia and industry in recent years due to their remarkable improvement in power conversion efficiency(PCE).However,the Golden Triangle(the balance of efficiency-stability-cost)required for large-scale industrialization of OSCs still remains a great challenge.Here,a new nonfused-ring electron acceptor(NFREA)BF and its polymerized counterpart PBF were designed and synthesized,and their photovoltaic performance,storage stability and material cost were systematically investigated.When blended with a widely-used polymer donor PBDB-T,the PBFbased all-polymer solar cell(all-PSC)displayed a record high PCE of 12.61%for polymerized NFREAs(PNFREAs)with an excellent stability(95.2%of initial PCE after 800 h storage),superior to the BF counterpart.Impressively,PBF-based allPSC possesses the highest industrial figure-of-merit(i-FOM)value of 0.309 based on an efficiency-stability-cost evaluation,in comparison to several representative OSC systems(such as PM6:Y6 and PBDB-T:PZ1).This work provides an insight into the balance of efficiency,stability,and cost,and also indicates that the PNFREAs are promising materials toward the commercial application of OSCs.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China((52120105006,52103352,and 51925306)National Key R&D Program of China(2018FYA 0305800)+3 种基金Key Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDPB08-2)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB28000000)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2022165)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.DFT results described in this report were obtained from the National Supercomputing Center in Shenzhen(Shenzhen CloudComputing Center).
文摘Comprehensive Summary By employing thiazole and 4-chlorothiazole as the A′units,two A-D-A′-D-A type nonfused-ring electron acceptors(NFREAs)Tz-H and Tz-Cl were designed and synthesized.Replacing thiazole in Tz-H with 4-chlorothiazole can not only remarkably shorten the synthetic route through C—H direct arylation but also enhance molecular planarity with the simultaneous incorporation of S…N and S…Cl noncovalently conformational locks(NoCLs).The photovoltaic devices based on PM6:Tz-Cl exhibited a power conversion efficiency as high as 11.10%,much higher than that of PM6:Tz-H(6.41%),mainly due to more efficient exciton dissociation,better and more balanced carrier mobility,less charge recombination,and more favorable morphology.These findings demonstrate the great potential of NoCLs in achieving low-cost and high-performance NFREAs.
基金the financial support fromtheNSFC(21975055,U2001222,52103352,52120105006,and 51925306)National Key R&D Program of China(2018FYA 0305800)+2 种基金Key Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDPB08-2)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2022165)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.DFT results described in this article were obtained from the National Supercomputing Centre in Shenzhen(Shenzhen Cloud Computing Centre).
文摘By employing the asymmetric end-group engineering,an asymmetric nonfused-ring electron acceptor(NFREA)was designed and synthesized.Compared with the symmetric analogs(NoCA-17 and NoCA-18),NoCA-19 possesses broader light absorption range,more coplanarπ-conjugated backbone,and appropriate crystallinity according to the experimental and theoretical results.The organic solar cells based on J52:NoCA-19 exhibited a power conversion efficiency as high as 12.26%,which is much higher than those of J52:NoCA-17(9.50%)and J52:NoCA-18(11.77%),mainly due to more efficient exciton dissociation,better and balanced charge mobility,suppressed recombination loss,shorter charge extraction time,longer charge carrier lifetimes,and more favorable blend film morphology.These findings demonstrate the great potential of asymmetric end-group engineering in exploring low-cost and high-performance NFREAs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22379061,22161029)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province in China(20232ACB203003,20242BAB20180)。
文摘Optimizing the active layer morphology by introducing a third component is an effective strategy to enhance the performance of organic solar cells(OSCs).Using dithieno[3,2-a:2′′,3′′-c]phenazine as the core,a nonfused-ring small molecule(PTBT-SC10)with a large difference in miscibility with the donor and acceptor was obtained by side chain engineering and alteration of theπ-bridge.PTBT-SC10 forms a good complementary absorption with the host donor and acceptor,and it has a cascade energy level arrangement with energy levels of the host materials.Grazing incidence wide angle X-ray scattering(GIWAXS)and atomic force microscopy(AFM)measurements showed that the addition of only 5%mass fraction of PTBT-SC10 resulted in an optimized vertical phase separation morphology for the binary blend.As a result,the optimized PM6:BTP-eC9:PTBT-SC10 ternary OSCs obtained a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 19.1%,while the PCE based on the PM6:BTP-eC9 binary OSCs was only 17.7%.This study shows that the vertical phase separation structure of the binary active layer can be precisely tuned by adding only a small amount of the third component when the miscibility of the third component differs significantly from that of the host material.This provides a new strategy to minimize the generation of defect states in the ternary active layer and improve the photovoltaic performance of the device.
