Solar-driven interfacial desalination(SID)offers a sustainable route for freshwater production,yet its long-term performance is compromised by salt crystallization and microbial fouling under complex marine conditions...Solar-driven interfacial desalination(SID)offers a sustainable route for freshwater production,yet its long-term performance is compromised by salt crystallization and microbial fouling under complex marine conditions.Zwitterionic polymers offer promising nonfouling capabilities,but current zwitterionic hydrogel-based solar evaporators(HSEs)suffer from inadequate hydration and salt vulnerability.Inspired by the natural marine environmental adaptive characteristics of saltwater fish,we report a superhydrated zwitterionic poly(trimethylamine N-oxide,PTMAO)/polyacrylamide(PAAm)/polypyrrole(PPy)hydrogel(PTAP)with dedicated water channels for efficient,durable,and nonfouling SID.The directly linked N⁺and O⁻groups in PTMAO establish a robust hydration shell that facilitates rapid water transport while resisting salt and microbial adhesion.Integrated PAAm and PPy networks enhance mechanical strength and photothermal conversion.PTAP achieves a high evaporation rate of 2.35 kg m^(−2)h^(−1)under 1 kW m^(–2)in 10 wt%NaCl solution,maintaining stable operation over 100 h without salt accumulation.Furthermore,PTAP effectively resists various foulants including proteins,bacterial,and algal adhesion.Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the exceptional hydration capacity supports its nonfouling properties.This work advances the development of nonfouling HSEs for sustainable solar desalination in real-world marine environments.展开更多
Synthetic polypeptides,also known as poly(α-amino acid)s(PαAAs),are biomimetic and biodegradable polymers holding great potential for a variety of biomedical applications.Possessing the same peptide bonds as natural...Synthetic polypeptides,also known as poly(α-amino acid)s(PαAAs),are biomimetic and biodegradable polymers holding great potential for a variety of biomedical applications.Possessing the same peptide bonds as natural proteins,polypeptides can also adopt typical well-defined secondary structures includingα-helix,which have been shown to significantly impact the physicochemical properties and biological outcomes of materials.In this feature article,we review the state-of-the-art progresses ofα-helical polypeptides for biomedical applications,with a special emphasis on the manipulation of helix-to-coil dynamic transition,conformation-associated anti-biofouling coatings,cellular uptake regulation,and reducing immunogenicity of polypeptide-protein conjugates.Finally,perspectives on outstanding challenges remained in this field and some important future directions are discussed.展开更多
The heavy biofouling on electrochemical sensor surface poses a formidable challenge for biosensing in human blood.Herein,we designed a multilayer filtering-sensing sandwich patch that served as a versatile platform to...The heavy biofouling on electrochemical sensor surface poses a formidable challenge for biosensing in human blood.Herein,we designed a multilayer filtering-sensing sandwich patch that served as a versatile platform to surmount the substantial fouling constraints for detection in human blood.The patch integrated two functional layers:(i) Inspired by dialysis phenomenon,a filtering-mass transfer hydrophilic membrane with heterogeneous nanostructure was used to filter large-size substances(like cells,bacteria and microorganisms,etc.) and continuously pass through the rest of the biological fluid(like proteins,metabolites and inorganic salts,etc.).(ii) the polypeptide composite hydrogel(r GO/PEPG) on the screenprinted electrode(SPE) surface,with the modulation of-COOH and-NH_2 groups,endowed a strong hydrophilic layer with electric neutrality to further facilitate the antifouling ability.Notably,the integration of the filtering porous membrane with the antifouling hydrogel ensures the strong antifouling ability of the electrochemical sensor in complex human blood.Furthermore,the self-healing property of the r GO/PEPG,relying on the physical π-π stacking forces,aligns the electrochemical sensor with practical needs.The constructed antifouling biosensor based on the filtering-sensing sandwich patch was successfully applied for the sensitive detection of cortisol in human blood,with an acceptable accuracy comparable to the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) method.The strategy presented herein represent a promising advance along the road to construct effective antifouling biosensing devices with robust operation in diverse complex body fluids.展开更多
Nanocarriers play an important role in drug delivery for disease treatment.However,nanocarriers face a series of physiological barriers after administration such as blood clearance,nonspecific tissue/cell localization...Nanocarriers play an important role in drug delivery for disease treatment.However,nanocarriers face a series of physiological barriers after administration such as blood clearance,nonspecific tissue/cell localization,poor cellular uptake,and endosome trapping.These physiological barriers seriously reduce the accumulation of drugs in target action site,which results in poor therapeutic efficiency.Although polyethylene glycol(PEG)can increase the blood circulation time of nanocarriers,its application is limited due to the“PEG dilemma”.Zwitterionic polymers have been emerging as an appealing alternative to PEG owing to their excellent performance in resisting nonspecific protein adsorption.Importantly,the diverse structures bring functional versatility to zwitterionic polymers beyond nonfouling.This review focuses on the structures and characters of zwitterionic polymers,and will discuss and summarize the application of zwitterionic polymers for drug delivery.We will highlight the strategies of zwitterionic polymers to address the physiological barriers during drug delivery.Finally,we will give some suggestions that can be utilized for the development of zwitterionic polymers for drug delivery.This review will also provide an outlook for this field.Our aim is to provide a comprehensive and systemic review on the application of zwitterionic polymers for drug delivery and promote the development of zwitterionic polymers.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(22209036,U23A20119)Hebei Provincial Natural Science Foundation,Excellent Youth Project(E2023202069)+1 种基金National Key R&D Program of China(2024YFF0506000,2024YFB4609100)Fundamental Research Foundation from Hebei University of Technology(424132016,282021485).
文摘Solar-driven interfacial desalination(SID)offers a sustainable route for freshwater production,yet its long-term performance is compromised by salt crystallization and microbial fouling under complex marine conditions.Zwitterionic polymers offer promising nonfouling capabilities,but current zwitterionic hydrogel-based solar evaporators(HSEs)suffer from inadequate hydration and salt vulnerability.Inspired by the natural marine environmental adaptive characteristics of saltwater fish,we report a superhydrated zwitterionic poly(trimethylamine N-oxide,PTMAO)/polyacrylamide(PAAm)/polypyrrole(PPy)hydrogel(PTAP)with dedicated water channels for efficient,durable,and nonfouling SID.The directly linked N⁺and O⁻groups in PTMAO establish a robust hydration shell that facilitates rapid water transport while resisting salt and microbial adhesion.Integrated PAAm and PPy networks enhance mechanical strength and photothermal conversion.PTAP achieves a high evaporation rate of 2.35 kg m^(−2)h^(−1)under 1 kW m^(–2)in 10 wt%NaCl solution,maintaining stable operation over 100 h without salt accumulation.Furthermore,PTAP effectively resists various foulants including proteins,bacterial,and algal adhesion.Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the exceptional hydration capacity supports its nonfouling properties.This work advances the development of nonfouling HSEs for sustainable solar desalination in real-world marine environments.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2019YFA0904203)the National Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (No. 22125101)
文摘Synthetic polypeptides,also known as poly(α-amino acid)s(PαAAs),are biomimetic and biodegradable polymers holding great potential for a variety of biomedical applications.Possessing the same peptide bonds as natural proteins,polypeptides can also adopt typical well-defined secondary structures includingα-helix,which have been shown to significantly impact the physicochemical properties and biological outcomes of materials.In this feature article,we review the state-of-the-art progresses ofα-helical polypeptides for biomedical applications,with a special emphasis on the manipulation of helix-to-coil dynamic transition,conformation-associated anti-biofouling coatings,cellular uptake regulation,and reducing immunogenicity of polypeptide-protein conjugates.Finally,perspectives on outstanding challenges remained in this field and some important future directions are discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.22174082,22374085)the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province (No.2021ZDSYS30)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China (No.ZR2024QB059)。
文摘The heavy biofouling on electrochemical sensor surface poses a formidable challenge for biosensing in human blood.Herein,we designed a multilayer filtering-sensing sandwich patch that served as a versatile platform to surmount the substantial fouling constraints for detection in human blood.The patch integrated two functional layers:(i) Inspired by dialysis phenomenon,a filtering-mass transfer hydrophilic membrane with heterogeneous nanostructure was used to filter large-size substances(like cells,bacteria and microorganisms,etc.) and continuously pass through the rest of the biological fluid(like proteins,metabolites and inorganic salts,etc.).(ii) the polypeptide composite hydrogel(r GO/PEPG) on the screenprinted electrode(SPE) surface,with the modulation of-COOH and-NH_2 groups,endowed a strong hydrophilic layer with electric neutrality to further facilitate the antifouling ability.Notably,the integration of the filtering porous membrane with the antifouling hydrogel ensures the strong antifouling ability of the electrochemical sensor in complex human blood.Furthermore,the self-healing property of the r GO/PEPG,relying on the physical π-π stacking forces,aligns the electrochemical sensor with practical needs.The constructed antifouling biosensor based on the filtering-sensing sandwich patch was successfully applied for the sensitive detection of cortisol in human blood,with an acceptable accuracy comparable to the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) method.The strategy presented herein represent a promising advance along the road to construct effective antifouling biosensing devices with robust operation in diverse complex body fluids.
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.06500230)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32071391)the Beijing Nova Program(No.Z201100006820140).
文摘Nanocarriers play an important role in drug delivery for disease treatment.However,nanocarriers face a series of physiological barriers after administration such as blood clearance,nonspecific tissue/cell localization,poor cellular uptake,and endosome trapping.These physiological barriers seriously reduce the accumulation of drugs in target action site,which results in poor therapeutic efficiency.Although polyethylene glycol(PEG)can increase the blood circulation time of nanocarriers,its application is limited due to the“PEG dilemma”.Zwitterionic polymers have been emerging as an appealing alternative to PEG owing to their excellent performance in resisting nonspecific protein adsorption.Importantly,the diverse structures bring functional versatility to zwitterionic polymers beyond nonfouling.This review focuses on the structures and characters of zwitterionic polymers,and will discuss and summarize the application of zwitterionic polymers for drug delivery.We will highlight the strategies of zwitterionic polymers to address the physiological barriers during drug delivery.Finally,we will give some suggestions that can be utilized for the development of zwitterionic polymers for drug delivery.This review will also provide an outlook for this field.Our aim is to provide a comprehensive and systemic review on the application of zwitterionic polymers for drug delivery and promote the development of zwitterionic polymers.
