Objective:Acute ischemic stroke(AIS)is characterized by high morbidity and high mortality.In recent years,complementary and alternative medicine has gradually been widely accepted and applied.At present,traditional Ch...Objective:Acute ischemic stroke(AIS)is characterized by high morbidity and high mortality.In recent years,complementary and alternative medicine has gradually been widely accepted and applied.At present,traditional Chinese medicine therapy and standard treatments are used for the treatment of AIS.Xingnao-Jianshen prescriptions(XNJS)is an effective prescription for the clinical treatment of AIS,but there is a lack of large-scale clinical evidence to confirm its clinical efficacy.Therefore,our team designed this protocol to evaluate the initial therapeutic effect of XNJS.Methods:The protocol for a non-randomized controlled trial is designed in which 72 eligible patients will be allocated to one of two groups.The control group(n=36)will receive standard treatment for AIS,the test group(n=36)will receive XNJS and standard treatment.Patients will be recruited after stroke onset and will receive the intervention continuously over 10±1 days,with a follow-up period of 90 days.The primary outcome will be the change in the NIHSS,BI,mRS scores.All outcome measures will be assessed at inception,after the intervention(10±1 days),and at the follow-up(90 days).The results will be disseminated to the public through peerreviewed journals and academic conferences.Discussion:The study will provide evidence of the preliminary effects.展开更多
BACKGROUND Excessive noise in healthcare environments—commonly described as"unwanted sound"—has been linked to a range of negative impacts on both patients and staff.In clinical settings,elevated noise lev...BACKGROUND Excessive noise in healthcare environments—commonly described as"unwanted sound"—has been linked to a range of negative impacts on both patients and staff.In clinical settings,elevated noise levels have been associated with sleep disruption,heightened cardiovascular stress,and an increased risk of delirium in patients.Among healthcare workers,noise can impair focus and cognitive performance,potentially compromising care quality.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of educational and behavioural interventions in reducing noise levels within intensive care units(ICUs),recognizing their potential impact on patient outcomes and healthcare effectiveness.METHODS A prospective interventional study in two Singaporean teaching hospitals compared peak and average sound levels between control and intervention groups.An educational and behavioural intervention comprising talks,posters,and self-audits by nurse champions was initiated in two ICUs in one hospital on November 18,2023.Sound measurements were collected at 4 Locations within each ICU before and after intervention.Baseline measurements were taken from October 22,2023 to October 29,2023,and post-intervention measurements from December 21,2023 to December 22,2023.The hospitals served as the primary exposure variable,controlled for ICU type(medical vs surgical)and hour of the day.RESULTS Our analysis generated 48 pairs of peak and average sound level readings for each unit(control n=48 readings;intervention n=48 readings).The effect of the intervention was associated with a significant 4.8 dB decrease in average sound level(P=0.009)and a nonsignificant 4.3 dB decrease in peak sound level(P=0.104),adjusted for hour of day and type of ICU.CONCLUSION Educational and behavioural interventions successfully reduced average sound levels,emphasizing their positive impact on noise control.These findings contribute valuable insights for optimizing noise reduction efforts in critical care settings.Future studies may explore additional systemic and environmental interventions to enhance noise management strategies.展开更多
Background:Foreign Language Anxiety(FLA)represents a substantial affective barrier that undermines cognitive performance,motivation,and retention in language learners.Emerging evidence highlights mindfulness-based int...Background:Foreign Language Anxiety(FLA)represents a substantial affective barrier that undermines cognitive performance,motivation,and retention in language learners.Emerging evidence highlights mindfulness-based interventions as promising strategies for enhancing emotional regulation and reducing anxiety across educational contexts.This review synthesizes current research on mindfulness as a psychological intervention,aims to evaluate its efficacy in alleviating FLA,and discusses its broader implications for health-focused educational policy and practice.Methods:Following PRISMA guidelines,we systematically reviewed studies examining the relationships between mindfulness and FLA.Our search of four major databases(November 2023)initially identified 346 articles using terms like“mindfulness AND language anxiety.”After screening,14 studies met our criteria:(1)empirical research in English on mindfulness-FLA relationships;(2)no publication date restrictions.Two independent reviewers selected studies,excluding two due to methodological limitations.We conducted a narrative synthesis given the study heterogeneity(9 correlational and 5 intervention studies).Results:9 non-intervention studies demonstrated that mindfulness is negatively associated with FLA,with 3 studies highlighting the mediating roles of self-efficacy and resilience.5 intervention studies reported inconsistent results regarding the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions in reducing FLA.Conclusions:The findings suggest that while mindfulness holds promise as a tool to address FLA,its mechanisms and effectiveness require further investigation.This study underscores the need for rigorous research,including Randomized Controlled Trials(RCTs),to inform evidence-based integration of mindfulness into foreign language curricula.For educational policymakers and practitioners,these insights highlight the importance of adopting mindfulness interventions cautiously,ensuring they are tailored to students’needs and supported by evidence.展开更多
AIM： Positioning of interventional devices in liver lesions is a challenging task if only CT is available. We investigated the potential benefit of combined PET/CT images for localization of interventional devices in...AIM： Positioning of interventional devices in liver lesions is a challenging task if only CT is available. We investigated the potential benefit of combined PET/CT images for localization of interventional devices in interventional liver studies. METHODS： Thirty lesions each of hyperdense, isodense and hypodense attenuation compared to normal liver parenchyma were injected into 15 ex-vivo pig livers. All lesions were composed of the same amounts of gelatine containing 0.5 MBq of ^18F-FDG. Following lesion insertion, an interventional needle was placed in each lesion under CT-guidance solely. After that, a PET/CT study was performed. The localization of the needle within the lesion was assessed for CT alone and PET/CT and the root mean square （RMS） was calculated. Results were compared with macroscopic measurements after lesion dissection serving as the standard of reference. RESULTS： In hypo- and isodense lesions PET/CT proved more accurate in defining the position of the interventional device when compared with CT alone. The mean RMS for CT and PET/CT differed significantly in isodense and hypodense lesions. No significant difference was found for hyperdense lesions. CONCLUSION： Combined FDG-PET/CT imaging provides more accurate information than CT alone concerning the needle position in FDG-PET positive liver lesions. Therefore combined PET/CT might be potentially beneficial not only for localization of an interventional device, but may also be beneficial for guidance in interventional liver procedures.展开更多
In 21st Century, Chinese and American universities are experiencing great development in the number of students studying abroad. This research adopts the method of natural investigation, selecting Chinese student samp...In 21st Century, Chinese and American universities are experiencing great development in the number of students studying abroad. This research adopts the method of natural investigation, selecting Chinese student samples during study abroad program in the University of Minnesota to complete the designed questionnaires to examine the intercultural interventions taken before, during and after this type of study abroad in Chinese universities. Also, after students complete the questionnaires, email communication is made to analyze the reasons for their answers to the questionnaires. The questionnaire results and email communication show that there is a great gap in the practice of intercultural interventions in study abroad programs between Chinese universities and students expectations. It is time for Chinese universities to design appropriate intercultural interventions in order to maximize Chinese university students＇ intercultural development during study abroad. These intercultural interventions should be run consistently to cover the phrases of pre-departure, during and after the study abroad program. Also, more dynamic and interactive intercultural interventions rather than knowledge-based intercultural instructions or guidance should be the focus for intercultural interventions.展开更多
Objective Comparative study on the feasibility,safety and outcome of transradial artery and transfemoral artery access for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction(...Objective Comparative study on the feasibility,safety and outcome of transradial artery and transfemoral artery access for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI).Methods Two hundred and eight patients with AMI episoded within 12 hours, male 159, female 49, age 58.9 ±11.9 (34～88)years, were randomly divided into transradial artery access for primary PCI (TRA pPCI) group of 106 cases and transfemoral artery access for PCI (TFA pPCI) group of 102 cases during Sept, 2000 to Aug, 2002. The protocols of the manipulation duration and the effect for TRA pPCI and TFA pPCI procedures were respectively compared, including the time of transradial artery puncture and the rate of puncture success at first time ; the time of guiding catheter engaging into target coronary ostium; the rate of patence in infarct related artery (IRA); total duration of manipulation and the successful rate.The incidence of complications such as bleeding, vessel injury,thrombi and embolism as well as the average stay of hospitalization between two groups was compared. The status and the incidance of vessel spasm were observed and the effect of medicine administration to prevent from and relieve the vascular spasm was evaluated. The time of Allen’s test before and after TRA pPCI , the inner diameter and the peak of blood velocity of the right and left radial artery were investigated with color Doppler vessel echography as well as the complications of radial artery were followed up 1 month after TRA pPCI procedure. Results Two cases in every TRA pPCI and TFA pPCI groups were crossed over each other because procedure of the transradial or transfemoral access was failure. One handred and six vessels (48 vessels in LAD,22 vessels in LCX and 36 vessels in RCA) associated with 28 vessels of total occlusion in TRA pPCI group and 102 vessels (51 vessels in LAD,18 veesles in LCX and 33 vessels in RCA) with 24 vessels in total occlusion in TFA pPCI group were angioplasticized . The successful rates of the first time puncture in access artery, the re patence IRA and pPCI were similar in TRA pPCI and TFA pPCI groups ( 93.4% vs 96.1% ;100% vs 100%; 96.2% vs 97.1% , P >0.05 ). There were no significant diffierence in the average time of puncture time of access artery ,engaging in target vessels of guiding catheters and the total procedure of PCI between the two groups ( 1.3 ±0.3s vs 1.2 ±0.3s ; 6.0 ±1.6min vs 5.8 ±0.9min ; 49.2 ±24.1min vs 46.5 ± 26.4min , P >0.05 ). The access artery complications such as bleeding ,hematoma and embolism as well the veneous thrombosis in TFA pPCI group were much more than those in TRA pPCI group(p< 0.01 ). Although slight artery spasm of 4.7% cases in TRA pPCI group was happened during the procedure of PCI , the procedure had being continued after administration of medicine to release the spasm. The time of Allen’s test ,diameter and the systolic velocity of blood in daul radial arteries were no significant change before and after pPCI.Conclusions The duration and effect by TRA pPCI for AMI with stable hemodynamics was similar to TFA pPCI. The complications such as of bleeding,vessel injury, thrombi and embolism by TRA pPCI were few, and it was unnecessary to discontinue the anticoagulation medicine. TRA pPCI might be selected as a access vessel for pPCI in AMI patients with stable hemodynamics.展开更多
SUMMARY Intracranial calcification may result from disturbances in calcium metabolism. It often remains asymptomatic, but may present with symptoms like seizure and neurological deficits. Correction of the underlying ...SUMMARY Intracranial calcification may result from disturbances in calcium metabolism. It often remains asymptomatic, but may present with symptoms like seizure and neurological deficits. Correction of the underlying metabolic disturbance before damage of neuronal tissues due to intracranial calcification may be useful in preventing irreversible neurological deficits. This window period may be the crucial period that needs a thorough clinical evaluation and urgent intervention. We highlight the case of an adult woman with Fahr's disease presented with generalised tonic-clonic seizure. The management priorities were also discussed along with review of literature.展开更多
Introduction: The social inequality in smoking in the Western countries has been increasing. It has been suggested that the most important strategy to reduce health inequalities related to socio economic status (SEP) ...Introduction: The social inequality in smoking in the Western countries has been increasing. It has been suggested that the most important strategy to reduce health inequalities related to socio economic status (SEP) is to promote smoking cessation in persons with low SEP. One could fear that a smoking cessation intervention might benefit smokers with high SEP more, and thereby increase the social inequality in smoking. We wanted to investigate whether the effect differed across SEP. Methods: The study was an individual multi-factorial lifestyle intervention study with a control group, Inter99 (1999-2006), Copenhagen, Denmark. We included 1991 daily-smokers with self-reported information on education in the intervention group, and 1135 in the control group. Smokers in the intervention group were repeatedly offered individual life-style-counselling and group-based smoking cessation. We used generalised linear mixed models under the assumption of missing at random, including interaction term between intervention effect and SEP. Results: The gap in self-reported abstinence rates increased over time between persons with high and low education. Probability of abstinence was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group, at all follow-up-visits but the effect of the intervention changed over time. The differences in quit-rates across educational groups were not significantly different in the intervention than in the control group at any time. Conclusion: In this randomised population-based intervention study we found that smokers across all educational levels benefited from the anti-smoking intervention, and that the intervention did not increase the social inequality in smoking, as one could have feared.展开更多
Background:The number of papers published in the field of nursing practice has greatly increased in recent years in China's Mainland,yet the quality of these papers is highly variable.There has been no attempt to ...Background:The number of papers published in the field of nursing practice has greatly increased in recent years in China's Mainland,yet the quality of these papers is highly variable.There has been no attempt to comprehensively estimate the overall quantity and quality of these papers.Objectives:To systematically retrieve nursing intervention studies published in simplified Chinese from 1979 to 2012,critically appraise their quality,and provide suggestions for future development.Methods:All of the papers were retrieved from China Biology Medicine disc database.The preliminary screening of retrieved publications was performed prior to conducting a rigorous quality evaluation of the remaining publications.10 characteristics would be included in consideration in quality evaluations.Results:69,150 papers were retrieved according to searching strategy.7391 of them were included after preliminary screening and appraised critically.Among the 10 characteristics considered in quality evaluations,the lowest ratings were observed for the factors of“utilisation of blind method”(13 articles),“description of loss of follow-up”(499 articles),“appropriate calculation of sample size”(511 articles)and“randomised assignment of patients to treatments”(652 articles).Conclusions:Chinese papers published in the field of nursing practice have increased over time,but improvements remain needed to ensure that thorough studies with high-quality research methodologies are being performed.Future nursing researchers should not only improve the design of their intervention studies but also clearly describe the methodology they used,especially in group randomisation,blinded research designs,and estimations of required sample sizes.展开更多
BACKGROUND Older adults have been considered a primary at-risk population during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,and many efforts have been and still are directed toward supporting them and enhancing th...BACKGROUND Older adults have been considered a primary at-risk population during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,and many efforts have been and still are directed toward supporting them and enhancing their capacity to cope with the pandemic.Evidence shows that by enhancing proactive coping abilities through psychological interventions,in which cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques are taught and practiced effectively,these interventions have supported older adults throughout the pandemic.However,the underlying mechanisms by which specific intervention components affect various mental states such as distress,depression and loneliness among older adults remain unclear and warrant investigation.AIM To determine the effect of an intervention using cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques on changes in distress,depression and loneliness.METHODS We performed a secondary analysis on data from a previous study in which community-dwelling older adults attended a short-term,internet-based intervention during the first COVID-19 wave in Israel.The intervention included seven sessions during which various cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques were learned and practiced.In-session changes in psychological distress were measured using the Subjective Units of Distress Scale(SUDS),which participants rated at the beginning and end of each session.Participants also filled out questionnaires that evaluated levels of depression[Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9)]and loneliness(UCLA loneliness Scale)prior to and after the entire intervention process.The effect of in-session changes in the SUDS on changes in post-intervention depression and loneliness levels were assessed,as a proxy for distinct technique effectiveness.RESULTS The findings indicated in-session differences in terms of a decrease in psychological distress(SUDS).Sessions that included relaxation exercises and guided imagery,as well as sessions that included cognitive restructuring and mindfulness meditation,demonstrated the largest decreases in in-session psychological distress(≥35%).Two multivariate regression models,one for levels of post-intervention depression(PHQ-9 score)and the other for levels of post-intervention loneliness(UCLA loneliness score),were fitted.The results revealed two statistically significant explanatory variables for depression:The SUDS difference for sessions in which cognitive restructuring and mindfulness meditation were practiced,beta=-0.25,95%CI:-1.23 to-0.1,and the pre-intervention level of depression,beta=0.62,95%CI:0.37-0.75.The second model for loneliness revealed only one significant explanatory variable:The SUDS difference for sessions in which relaxation and guided imagery were practiced,beta=0.41,95%CI:0.14-0.65.CONCLUSION Different psychological techniques seem to have different effects on distress,loneliness and depression.Understanding the pathways by which distinct techniques affect negative mental symptoms has implications for future intervention design.展开更多
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an individual nurse-led educational intervention for patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). This was a case-control study. The case group consisted of six individu...The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an individual nurse-led educational intervention for patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). This was a case-control study. The case group consisted of six individual educational sessions delivered by a nurse. A total of 40 patients with PsA joined in this study: the case group (n = 20) and the control group (n = 18). After a 6-week intervention, the case group had significantly better management for the severity of arthritis symptoms (p < 0.05), better psychological well-being and significant lower levels of anxiety (p < 0.05), and depression score (p < 0.01), and reported better improvement of physical and psychological domain of quality of life (QOL) (both p values < 0.05) than the control group. In conclusion, this nurse-led individual education intervention has statistically significant benefits for the management of clinical symptoms of arthritis and for psychological well-being and QOL in patients with PsA.展开更多
Objective: to analyze the effect of severe nursing intervention on acute heart failure. Methods: a total of 100 patients with acute heart failure admitted in our hospital since 2019 were selected as the research objec...Objective: to analyze the effect of severe nursing intervention on acute heart failure. Methods: a total of 100 patients with acute heart failure admitted in our hospital since 2019 were selected as the research objects, and then they were randomly divided into two groups to analyze the treatment and nursing measures of patients with acute heart failure, so as to reduce the survival pressure of patients. There is no significant difference between the patients after grouping except for the different nursing methods, which can be used as the experimental research object. Results: the quality of life and cardiac function indexes of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group, P < 0.05;the total satisfaction of the observation group (86.36%) was significantly better than that of the control group (54.55%), P < 0.05. Conclusion: the treatment effect of severe nursing intervention for acute heart failure is good, it can improve the living space of patients, improve patient satisfaction, and help patients recover as soon as possible. It is a very effective treatment. Clinical aspects can be promoted.展开更多
BACKGROUND Endoscopic mucosa resection(EMR)is an important minimally invasive surgical method for treating early digestive tract tumors.In recent years,the crucial role of intestinal microbiota in disease occurrence a...BACKGROUND Endoscopic mucosa resection(EMR)is an important minimally invasive surgical method for treating early digestive tract tumors.In recent years,the crucial role of intestinal microbiota in disease occurrence and development has attracted increasing attention.However,the changes in intestinal microbiota after EMR and the effect of dietary fiber intervention on microbiota recovery remain insufficiently elucidated.AIM To investigate the effects of dietary fiber intervention on intestinal microbiota recovery in patients undergoing EMR and evaluate its potential to improve postoperative outcomes and intestinal microecological balance.METHODS This retrospective study analyzed intestinal microbiota sequencing and dietary fiber intervention in patients with EMR.Patients who underwent EMR surgery between 2020 and 2023 were selected and divided into a routine follow-up group and a dietary fiber intervention group.High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to detect changes in patient intestinal microbiota,and microbiota diversity,structure,and function in different intervention groups were compared and analyzed.RESULTS A total of 86 patients with EMR were included in the study.Results showed that:(1)Intestinal microbiota diversity significantly decreased after EMR surgery,with notable changes in the proportion of Gram-negative bacilli and anaerobic bacteria;(2)The microbiota recovery rate in the dietary fiber intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group,with a significantly higher microbiota diversity index(P<0.05);and(3)The abundance of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria in the intervention group increased substantially,and intestinal barrier-related functional gene expression was upregulated.CONCLUSION Dietary fiber intervention can effectively promote intestinal microbiota recovery in patients with EMR,improve intestinal microecological balance,and provide a new intervention strategy for clinical post-EMR patient rehabilitation.展开更多
Exercise is established as a supportive care intervention during and after various cancer treatment modalities.1,2 Documented benefits include improvements in health-related fitness,physical functioning,some symptoms/...Exercise is established as a supportive care intervention during and after various cancer treatment modalities.1,2 Documented benefits include improvements in health-related fitness,physical functioning,some symptoms/side effects,psychosocial functioning,and quality of life.1,2 Exercise has not been established,however,as a treatment for any type of cancer in any clinical oncology setting.2 This special topic of the Journal of Sport and Health Science(JSHS)is dedicated to research on“Exercise as a cancer treatment”.The special topic sought preclinical,observational,or clinical studies examining the effects of exercise after a cancer diagnosis on a cancer outcome(e.g.,cell/tumor growth,tumor response,disease recurrence,progression,death from cancer).It includes 6 original articles and an invited opinion article.展开更多
This study examined the positive changes that water-based nail treatments can bring to emotions and behavior in children who do not attend school and use a place for school-refusing children.Children who do not attend...This study examined the positive changes that water-based nail treatments can bring to emotions and behavior in children who do not attend school and use a place for school-refusing children.Children who do not attend school and use a place for school-refusing children were given water-based nail treatments about once a week for three months.In addition,the parents of these children were asked to respond to questions about their children’s daily activities.The results showed that natural communication through nail treatments significantly increased positive emotions.However,continued nail treatments did not reduce the children’s problem behaviors.Some children returned to school,while others continued not attending school.Increased frequency of visits and number of treatments confirmed the promotion of communication.It was suggested that building positive relationships with family and supporters is important for achieving sustained effects from nail treatments.This study showed that nail treatments are a useful tool for promoting positive emotions,self-acceptance,and social skills,and may contribute to the emotional growth and social interest of children who do not attend school.展开更多
Background: The human gut microbiome is an important target for disease treatment and prevention. Various microbial species within the complex ecosystem of the microbiome have been shown to play important roles in dis...Background: The human gut microbiome is an important target for disease treatment and prevention. Various microbial species within the complex ecosystem of the microbiome have been shown to play important roles in disease. Identification of bioactive materials capable of altering the abundances of these species both safely and effectively is a major goal in microbiome research. Many traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have been reported to affect the composition of the gut microbiome. Here, we summarize studies that have used TCMs to alter the gut microbiome and discuss the response relationship between TCMs and gut microbial species. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, and Knowledge Network databases using the terms “traditional Chinese medicine,” “gut microbiome,” and specific system disease names (endocrine, immune, nervous, cardiovascular, and digestive). Studies were excluded if irrelevant or if the experimental procedures were unclear. Results: TCMs have been reported to affect a wide range of gut microbial taxa spanning major phyla, including Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobiota, Actinobacteria, and Fusobacteria. In all, 54 TCMs including compounds and extracts have been tested in rodents and 30 have been examined in human trials. Almost all studies have reported positive results in regulating the gut microbiome as well as modulating corresponding phenotypes, spanning diseases of the endocrine, immune, nervous, cardiovascular, and digestive systems. Gut species, including Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Faecalibacterium, and E. coli, were found to be regulated by 19 TCMs. A network was constructed to visualize the interactions between TCMs and these taxa. Conclusion: There exists a complex and close relationship between intestinal microflora and diseases. Sufficient experimental data and studies have proved that the imbalance of intestinal microflora affects health by mediating metabolism, immune regulation, inflammation and signal transduction. Many characteristic alterations of intestinal microflora are positively correlated with diseases, so intestinal microflora has become a potential risk index and treatment target for many diseases. Many TCMs affect the relative abundances of microbial species in the gut, and therefore may be useful for modulating the gut microbiome. This review provides a reference for prioritizing candidate TCMs from the enormous repertoire of such medicines to test which specific gut microbes are targeted.展开更多
Methodological quality(risk of bias)assessment is an important step before study initiation usage.Therefore,accurately judging study type is the first priority,and the choosing proper tool is also important.In this re...Methodological quality(risk of bias)assessment is an important step before study initiation usage.Therefore,accurately judging study type is the first priority,and the choosing proper tool is also important.In this review,we introduced methodological quality assessment tools for randomized controlled trial(including individual and cluster),animal study,non-randomized interventional studies(including follow-up study,controlled before-and-after study,before-after/pre-post study,uncontrolled longitudinal study,interrupted time series study),cohort study,case-control study,cross-sectional study(including analytical and descriptive),observational case series and case reports,comparative effectiveness research,diagnostic study,health economic evaluation,prediction study(including predictor finding study,prediction model impact study,prognostic prediction model study),qualitative study,outcome measurement instruments(including patient-reported outcome measure development,content validity,structural validity,internal consistency,cross-cultural validity/measurement invariance,reliability,measurement error,criterion validity,hypotheses testing for construct validity,and responsiveness),systematic review and meta-analysis,and clinical practice guideline.The readers of our review can distinguish the types of medical studies and choose appropriate tools.In one word,comprehensively mastering relevant knowledge and implementing more practices are basic requirements for correctly assessing the methodological quality.展开更多
Promoting the international acceptance of clinical studies about traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)interventions is a key strategy for internationalization of TCM.However,the complexities of TCM interventions—in terms...Promoting the international acceptance of clinical studies about traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)interventions is a key strategy for internationalization of TCM.However,the complexities of TCM interventions—in terms of the theories,practice patterns,and components—pose challenges to the design and implementation of clinical studies that are well accepted by the international community.This article summarized the current status of clinical studies about TCM interventions that were published in international journals,explored underlying barriers hindering the international acceptance,and discussed potential strategies for future development.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention for reducing social stigma towards mental illness in adolescents. The effect of gender and knowledge of someone with mental illness was measured. METHODS: Two hund...AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention for reducing social stigma towards mental illness in adolescents. The effect of gender and knowledge of someone with mental illness was measured. METHODS: Two hundred and eighty secondary school students were evaluated using the Community Attitudes towards Mental Illness(CAMI) questionnaire. The schools were randomized and some received the intervention and others acted as the control group. The programme consisted of providing information via a documentary film and of contact with healthcare staff in order to reduce the social stigma within the school environment. RESULTS: The intervention was effective in reducing the CAMI authoritarianism and social restrictiveness subscales. The intervention showed significant changes in girls in terms of authoritarianism and social restrictiveness, while boys only showed significant changes in authoritarianism. Following the intervention, a significant reduction was found in authoritarianism and social restrictiveness in those who knew someone with mental illness, and only in authoritarianism in those who did not know anyone with mental illness. CONCLUSION: The intervention was effective to reduce social stigma towards people with mental illness, especially in the area of authoritarianism. Some differences were found depending on gender and whether or not the subjects knew someone with mental illness.展开更多
基金Changchun Science and Technology Development Project(No.21ZGM32)Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(No.20200201412JC).All funds conflict-free.
文摘Objective:Acute ischemic stroke(AIS)is characterized by high morbidity and high mortality.In recent years,complementary and alternative medicine has gradually been widely accepted and applied.At present,traditional Chinese medicine therapy and standard treatments are used for the treatment of AIS.Xingnao-Jianshen prescriptions(XNJS)is an effective prescription for the clinical treatment of AIS,but there is a lack of large-scale clinical evidence to confirm its clinical efficacy.Therefore,our team designed this protocol to evaluate the initial therapeutic effect of XNJS.Methods:The protocol for a non-randomized controlled trial is designed in which 72 eligible patients will be allocated to one of two groups.The control group(n=36)will receive standard treatment for AIS,the test group(n=36)will receive XNJS and standard treatment.Patients will be recruited after stroke onset and will receive the intervention continuously over 10±1 days,with a follow-up period of 90 days.The primary outcome will be the change in the NIHSS,BI,mRS scores.All outcome measures will be assessed at inception,after the intervention(10±1 days),and at the follow-up(90 days).The results will be disseminated to the public through peerreviewed journals and academic conferences.Discussion:The study will provide evidence of the preliminary effects.
文摘BACKGROUND Excessive noise in healthcare environments—commonly described as"unwanted sound"—has been linked to a range of negative impacts on both patients and staff.In clinical settings,elevated noise levels have been associated with sleep disruption,heightened cardiovascular stress,and an increased risk of delirium in patients.Among healthcare workers,noise can impair focus and cognitive performance,potentially compromising care quality.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of educational and behavioural interventions in reducing noise levels within intensive care units(ICUs),recognizing their potential impact on patient outcomes and healthcare effectiveness.METHODS A prospective interventional study in two Singaporean teaching hospitals compared peak and average sound levels between control and intervention groups.An educational and behavioural intervention comprising talks,posters,and self-audits by nurse champions was initiated in two ICUs in one hospital on November 18,2023.Sound measurements were collected at 4 Locations within each ICU before and after intervention.Baseline measurements were taken from October 22,2023 to October 29,2023,and post-intervention measurements from December 21,2023 to December 22,2023.The hospitals served as the primary exposure variable,controlled for ICU type(medical vs surgical)and hour of the day.RESULTS Our analysis generated 48 pairs of peak and average sound level readings for each unit(control n=48 readings;intervention n=48 readings).The effect of the intervention was associated with a significant 4.8 dB decrease in average sound level(P=0.009)and a nonsignificant 4.3 dB decrease in peak sound level(P=0.104),adjusted for hour of day and type of ICU.CONCLUSION Educational and behavioural interventions successfully reduced average sound levels,emphasizing their positive impact on noise control.These findings contribute valuable insights for optimizing noise reduction efforts in critical care settings.Future studies may explore additional systemic and environmental interventions to enhance noise management strategies.
文摘Background:Foreign Language Anxiety(FLA)represents a substantial affective barrier that undermines cognitive performance,motivation,and retention in language learners.Emerging evidence highlights mindfulness-based interventions as promising strategies for enhancing emotional regulation and reducing anxiety across educational contexts.This review synthesizes current research on mindfulness as a psychological intervention,aims to evaluate its efficacy in alleviating FLA,and discusses its broader implications for health-focused educational policy and practice.Methods:Following PRISMA guidelines,we systematically reviewed studies examining the relationships between mindfulness and FLA.Our search of four major databases(November 2023)initially identified 346 articles using terms like“mindfulness AND language anxiety.”After screening,14 studies met our criteria:(1)empirical research in English on mindfulness-FLA relationships;(2)no publication date restrictions.Two independent reviewers selected studies,excluding two due to methodological limitations.We conducted a narrative synthesis given the study heterogeneity(9 correlational and 5 intervention studies).Results:9 non-intervention studies demonstrated that mindfulness is negatively associated with FLA,with 3 studies highlighting the mediating roles of self-efficacy and resilience.5 intervention studies reported inconsistent results regarding the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions in reducing FLA.Conclusions:The findings suggest that while mindfulness holds promise as a tool to address FLA,its mechanisms and effectiveness require further investigation.This study underscores the need for rigorous research,including Randomized Controlled Trials(RCTs),to inform evidence-based integration of mindfulness into foreign language curricula.For educational policymakers and practitioners,these insights highlight the importance of adopting mindfulness interventions cautiously,ensuring they are tailored to students’needs and supported by evidence.
文摘AIM： Positioning of interventional devices in liver lesions is a challenging task if only CT is available. We investigated the potential benefit of combined PET/CT images for localization of interventional devices in interventional liver studies. METHODS： Thirty lesions each of hyperdense, isodense and hypodense attenuation compared to normal liver parenchyma were injected into 15 ex-vivo pig livers. All lesions were composed of the same amounts of gelatine containing 0.5 MBq of ^18F-FDG. Following lesion insertion, an interventional needle was placed in each lesion under CT-guidance solely. After that, a PET/CT study was performed. The localization of the needle within the lesion was assessed for CT alone and PET/CT and the root mean square （RMS） was calculated. Results were compared with macroscopic measurements after lesion dissection serving as the standard of reference. RESULTS： In hypo- and isodense lesions PET/CT proved more accurate in defining the position of the interventional device when compared with CT alone. The mean RMS for CT and PET/CT differed significantly in isodense and hypodense lesions. No significant difference was found for hyperdense lesions. CONCLUSION： Combined FDG-PET/CT imaging provides more accurate information than CT alone concerning the needle position in FDG-PET positive liver lesions. Therefore combined PET/CT might be potentially beneficial not only for localization of an interventional device, but may also be beneficial for guidance in interventional liver procedures.
文摘In 21st Century, Chinese and American universities are experiencing great development in the number of students studying abroad. This research adopts the method of natural investigation, selecting Chinese student samples during study abroad program in the University of Minnesota to complete the designed questionnaires to examine the intercultural interventions taken before, during and after this type of study abroad in Chinese universities. Also, after students complete the questionnaires, email communication is made to analyze the reasons for their answers to the questionnaires. The questionnaire results and email communication show that there is a great gap in the practice of intercultural interventions in study abroad programs between Chinese universities and students expectations. It is time for Chinese universities to design appropriate intercultural interventions in order to maximize Chinese university students＇ intercultural development during study abroad. These intercultural interventions should be run consistently to cover the phrases of pre-departure, during and after the study abroad program. Also, more dynamic and interactive intercultural interventions rather than knowledge-based intercultural instructions or guidance should be the focus for intercultural interventions.
文摘Objective Comparative study on the feasibility,safety and outcome of transradial artery and transfemoral artery access for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI).Methods Two hundred and eight patients with AMI episoded within 12 hours, male 159, female 49, age 58.9 ±11.9 (34～88)years, were randomly divided into transradial artery access for primary PCI (TRA pPCI) group of 106 cases and transfemoral artery access for PCI (TFA pPCI) group of 102 cases during Sept, 2000 to Aug, 2002. The protocols of the manipulation duration and the effect for TRA pPCI and TFA pPCI procedures were respectively compared, including the time of transradial artery puncture and the rate of puncture success at first time ; the time of guiding catheter engaging into target coronary ostium; the rate of patence in infarct related artery (IRA); total duration of manipulation and the successful rate.The incidence of complications such as bleeding, vessel injury,thrombi and embolism as well as the average stay of hospitalization between two groups was compared. The status and the incidance of vessel spasm were observed and the effect of medicine administration to prevent from and relieve the vascular spasm was evaluated. The time of Allen’s test before and after TRA pPCI , the inner diameter and the peak of blood velocity of the right and left radial artery were investigated with color Doppler vessel echography as well as the complications of radial artery were followed up 1 month after TRA pPCI procedure. Results Two cases in every TRA pPCI and TFA pPCI groups were crossed over each other because procedure of the transradial or transfemoral access was failure. One handred and six vessels (48 vessels in LAD,22 vessels in LCX and 36 vessels in RCA) associated with 28 vessels of total occlusion in TRA pPCI group and 102 vessels (51 vessels in LAD,18 veesles in LCX and 33 vessels in RCA) with 24 vessels in total occlusion in TFA pPCI group were angioplasticized . The successful rates of the first time puncture in access artery, the re patence IRA and pPCI were similar in TRA pPCI and TFA pPCI groups ( 93.4% vs 96.1% ;100% vs 100%; 96.2% vs 97.1% , P >0.05 ). There were no significant diffierence in the average time of puncture time of access artery ,engaging in target vessels of guiding catheters and the total procedure of PCI between the two groups ( 1.3 ±0.3s vs 1.2 ±0.3s ; 6.0 ±1.6min vs 5.8 ±0.9min ; 49.2 ±24.1min vs 46.5 ± 26.4min , P >0.05 ). The access artery complications such as bleeding ,hematoma and embolism as well the veneous thrombosis in TFA pPCI group were much more than those in TRA pPCI group(p< 0.01 ). Although slight artery spasm of 4.7% cases in TRA pPCI group was happened during the procedure of PCI , the procedure had being continued after administration of medicine to release the spasm. The time of Allen’s test ,diameter and the systolic velocity of blood in daul radial arteries were no significant change before and after pPCI.Conclusions The duration and effect by TRA pPCI for AMI with stable hemodynamics was similar to TFA pPCI. The complications such as of bleeding,vessel injury, thrombi and embolism by TRA pPCI were few, and it was unnecessary to discontinue the anticoagulation medicine. TRA pPCI might be selected as a access vessel for pPCI in AMI patients with stable hemodynamics.
文摘SUMMARY Intracranial calcification may result from disturbances in calcium metabolism. It often remains asymptomatic, but may present with symptoms like seizure and neurological deficits. Correction of the underlying metabolic disturbance before damage of neuronal tissues due to intracranial calcification may be useful in preventing irreversible neurological deficits. This window period may be the crucial period that needs a thorough clinical evaluation and urgent intervention. We highlight the case of an adult woman with Fahr's disease presented with generalised tonic-clonic seizure. The management priorities were also discussed along with review of literature.
文摘Introduction: The social inequality in smoking in the Western countries has been increasing. It has been suggested that the most important strategy to reduce health inequalities related to socio economic status (SEP) is to promote smoking cessation in persons with low SEP. One could fear that a smoking cessation intervention might benefit smokers with high SEP more, and thereby increase the social inequality in smoking. We wanted to investigate whether the effect differed across SEP. Methods: The study was an individual multi-factorial lifestyle intervention study with a control group, Inter99 (1999-2006), Copenhagen, Denmark. We included 1991 daily-smokers with self-reported information on education in the intervention group, and 1135 in the control group. Smokers in the intervention group were repeatedly offered individual life-style-counselling and group-based smoking cessation. We used generalised linear mixed models under the assumption of missing at random, including interaction term between intervention effect and SEP. Results: The gap in self-reported abstinence rates increased over time between persons with high and low education. Probability of abstinence was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group, at all follow-up-visits but the effect of the intervention changed over time. The differences in quit-rates across educational groups were not significantly different in the intervention than in the control group at any time. Conclusion: In this randomised population-based intervention study we found that smokers across all educational levels benefited from the anti-smoking intervention, and that the intervention did not increase the social inequality in smoking, as one could have feared.
文摘Background:The number of papers published in the field of nursing practice has greatly increased in recent years in China's Mainland,yet the quality of these papers is highly variable.There has been no attempt to comprehensively estimate the overall quantity and quality of these papers.Objectives:To systematically retrieve nursing intervention studies published in simplified Chinese from 1979 to 2012,critically appraise their quality,and provide suggestions for future development.Methods:All of the papers were retrieved from China Biology Medicine disc database.The preliminary screening of retrieved publications was performed prior to conducting a rigorous quality evaluation of the remaining publications.10 characteristics would be included in consideration in quality evaluations.Results:69,150 papers were retrieved according to searching strategy.7391 of them were included after preliminary screening and appraised critically.Among the 10 characteristics considered in quality evaluations,the lowest ratings were observed for the factors of“utilisation of blind method”(13 articles),“description of loss of follow-up”(499 articles),“appropriate calculation of sample size”(511 articles)and“randomised assignment of patients to treatments”(652 articles).Conclusions:Chinese papers published in the field of nursing practice have increased over time,but improvements remain needed to ensure that thorough studies with high-quality research methodologies are being performed.Future nursing researchers should not only improve the design of their intervention studies but also clearly describe the methodology they used,especially in group randomisation,blinded research designs,and estimations of required sample sizes.
文摘BACKGROUND Older adults have been considered a primary at-risk population during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,and many efforts have been and still are directed toward supporting them and enhancing their capacity to cope with the pandemic.Evidence shows that by enhancing proactive coping abilities through psychological interventions,in which cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques are taught and practiced effectively,these interventions have supported older adults throughout the pandemic.However,the underlying mechanisms by which specific intervention components affect various mental states such as distress,depression and loneliness among older adults remain unclear and warrant investigation.AIM To determine the effect of an intervention using cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques on changes in distress,depression and loneliness.METHODS We performed a secondary analysis on data from a previous study in which community-dwelling older adults attended a short-term,internet-based intervention during the first COVID-19 wave in Israel.The intervention included seven sessions during which various cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques were learned and practiced.In-session changes in psychological distress were measured using the Subjective Units of Distress Scale(SUDS),which participants rated at the beginning and end of each session.Participants also filled out questionnaires that evaluated levels of depression[Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9)]and loneliness(UCLA loneliness Scale)prior to and after the entire intervention process.The effect of in-session changes in the SUDS on changes in post-intervention depression and loneliness levels were assessed,as a proxy for distinct technique effectiveness.RESULTS The findings indicated in-session differences in terms of a decrease in psychological distress(SUDS).Sessions that included relaxation exercises and guided imagery,as well as sessions that included cognitive restructuring and mindfulness meditation,demonstrated the largest decreases in in-session psychological distress(≥35%).Two multivariate regression models,one for levels of post-intervention depression(PHQ-9 score)and the other for levels of post-intervention loneliness(UCLA loneliness score),were fitted.The results revealed two statistically significant explanatory variables for depression:The SUDS difference for sessions in which cognitive restructuring and mindfulness meditation were practiced,beta=-0.25,95%CI:-1.23 to-0.1,and the pre-intervention level of depression,beta=0.62,95%CI:0.37-0.75.The second model for loneliness revealed only one significant explanatory variable:The SUDS difference for sessions in which relaxation and guided imagery were practiced,beta=0.41,95%CI:0.14-0.65.CONCLUSION Different psychological techniques seem to have different effects on distress,loneliness and depression.Understanding the pathways by which distinct techniques affect negative mental symptoms has implications for future intervention design.
文摘The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an individual nurse-led educational intervention for patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). This was a case-control study. The case group consisted of six individual educational sessions delivered by a nurse. A total of 40 patients with PsA joined in this study: the case group (n = 20) and the control group (n = 18). After a 6-week intervention, the case group had significantly better management for the severity of arthritis symptoms (p < 0.05), better psychological well-being and significant lower levels of anxiety (p < 0.05), and depression score (p < 0.01), and reported better improvement of physical and psychological domain of quality of life (QOL) (both p values < 0.05) than the control group. In conclusion, this nurse-led individual education intervention has statistically significant benefits for the management of clinical symptoms of arthritis and for psychological well-being and QOL in patients with PsA.
文摘Objective: to analyze the effect of severe nursing intervention on acute heart failure. Methods: a total of 100 patients with acute heart failure admitted in our hospital since 2019 were selected as the research objects, and then they were randomly divided into two groups to analyze the treatment and nursing measures of patients with acute heart failure, so as to reduce the survival pressure of patients. There is no significant difference between the patients after grouping except for the different nursing methods, which can be used as the experimental research object. Results: the quality of life and cardiac function indexes of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group, P < 0.05;the total satisfaction of the observation group (86.36%) was significantly better than that of the control group (54.55%), P < 0.05. Conclusion: the treatment effect of severe nursing intervention for acute heart failure is good, it can improve the living space of patients, improve patient satisfaction, and help patients recover as soon as possible. It is a very effective treatment. Clinical aspects can be promoted.
文摘BACKGROUND Endoscopic mucosa resection(EMR)is an important minimally invasive surgical method for treating early digestive tract tumors.In recent years,the crucial role of intestinal microbiota in disease occurrence and development has attracted increasing attention.However,the changes in intestinal microbiota after EMR and the effect of dietary fiber intervention on microbiota recovery remain insufficiently elucidated.AIM To investigate the effects of dietary fiber intervention on intestinal microbiota recovery in patients undergoing EMR and evaluate its potential to improve postoperative outcomes and intestinal microecological balance.METHODS This retrospective study analyzed intestinal microbiota sequencing and dietary fiber intervention in patients with EMR.Patients who underwent EMR surgery between 2020 and 2023 were selected and divided into a routine follow-up group and a dietary fiber intervention group.High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to detect changes in patient intestinal microbiota,and microbiota diversity,structure,and function in different intervention groups were compared and analyzed.RESULTS A total of 86 patients with EMR were included in the study.Results showed that:(1)Intestinal microbiota diversity significantly decreased after EMR surgery,with notable changes in the proportion of Gram-negative bacilli and anaerobic bacteria;(2)The microbiota recovery rate in the dietary fiber intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group,with a significantly higher microbiota diversity index(P<0.05);and(3)The abundance of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria in the intervention group increased substantially,and intestinal barrier-related functional gene expression was upregulated.CONCLUSION Dietary fiber intervention can effectively promote intestinal microbiota recovery in patients with EMR,improve intestinal microecological balance,and provide a new intervention strategy for clinical post-EMR patient rehabilitation.
基金supported by the Canada Research Chairs Programa Foundation Grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (No. 159927)
文摘Exercise is established as a supportive care intervention during and after various cancer treatment modalities.1,2 Documented benefits include improvements in health-related fitness,physical functioning,some symptoms/side effects,psychosocial functioning,and quality of life.1,2 Exercise has not been established,however,as a treatment for any type of cancer in any clinical oncology setting.2 This special topic of the Journal of Sport and Health Science(JSHS)is dedicated to research on“Exercise as a cancer treatment”.The special topic sought preclinical,observational,or clinical studies examining the effects of exercise after a cancer diagnosis on a cancer outcome(e.g.,cell/tumor growth,tumor response,disease recurrence,progression,death from cancer).It includes 6 original articles and an invited opinion article.
基金supported by a research grant from the Hoyu Science Foundation in 2023.
文摘This study examined the positive changes that water-based nail treatments can bring to emotions and behavior in children who do not attend school and use a place for school-refusing children.Children who do not attend school and use a place for school-refusing children were given water-based nail treatments about once a week for three months.In addition,the parents of these children were asked to respond to questions about their children’s daily activities.The results showed that natural communication through nail treatments significantly increased positive emotions.However,continued nail treatments did not reduce the children’s problem behaviors.Some children returned to school,while others continued not attending school.Increased frequency of visits and number of treatments confirmed the promotion of communication.It was suggested that building positive relationships with family and supporters is important for achieving sustained effects from nail treatments.This study showed that nail treatments are a useful tool for promoting positive emotions,self-acceptance,and social skills,and may contribute to the emotional growth and social interest of children who do not attend school.
基金funding by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82174492)National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion Project(N o.ZJJBGS2024002-1).
文摘Background: The human gut microbiome is an important target for disease treatment and prevention. Various microbial species within the complex ecosystem of the microbiome have been shown to play important roles in disease. Identification of bioactive materials capable of altering the abundances of these species both safely and effectively is a major goal in microbiome research. Many traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have been reported to affect the composition of the gut microbiome. Here, we summarize studies that have used TCMs to alter the gut microbiome and discuss the response relationship between TCMs and gut microbial species. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, and Knowledge Network databases using the terms “traditional Chinese medicine,” “gut microbiome,” and specific system disease names (endocrine, immune, nervous, cardiovascular, and digestive). Studies were excluded if irrelevant or if the experimental procedures were unclear. Results: TCMs have been reported to affect a wide range of gut microbial taxa spanning major phyla, including Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobiota, Actinobacteria, and Fusobacteria. In all, 54 TCMs including compounds and extracts have been tested in rodents and 30 have been examined in human trials. Almost all studies have reported positive results in regulating the gut microbiome as well as modulating corresponding phenotypes, spanning diseases of the endocrine, immune, nervous, cardiovascular, and digestive systems. Gut species, including Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Faecalibacterium, and E. coli, were found to be regulated by 19 TCMs. A network was constructed to visualize the interactions between TCMs and these taxa. Conclusion: There exists a complex and close relationship between intestinal microflora and diseases. Sufficient experimental data and studies have proved that the imbalance of intestinal microflora affects health by mediating metabolism, immune regulation, inflammation and signal transduction. Many characteristic alterations of intestinal microflora are positively correlated with diseases, so intestinal microflora has become a potential risk index and treatment target for many diseases. Many TCMs affect the relative abundances of microbial species in the gut, and therefore may be useful for modulating the gut microbiome. This review provides a reference for prioritizing candidate TCMs from the enormous repertoire of such medicines to test which specific gut microbes are targeted.
基金supported(in part)by the Entrusted Project of National commission on health and health of China(No.2019099)the National Key Research and Development Plan of China(2016YFC0106300)the Nature Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2019FFB03902)。
文摘Methodological quality(risk of bias)assessment is an important step before study initiation usage.Therefore,accurately judging study type is the first priority,and the choosing proper tool is also important.In this review,we introduced methodological quality assessment tools for randomized controlled trial(including individual and cluster),animal study,non-randomized interventional studies(including follow-up study,controlled before-and-after study,before-after/pre-post study,uncontrolled longitudinal study,interrupted time series study),cohort study,case-control study,cross-sectional study(including analytical and descriptive),observational case series and case reports,comparative effectiveness research,diagnostic study,health economic evaluation,prediction study(including predictor finding study,prediction model impact study,prognostic prediction model study),qualitative study,outcome measurement instruments(including patient-reported outcome measure development,content validity,structural validity,internal consistency,cross-cultural validity/measurement invariance,reliability,measurement error,criterion validity,hypotheses testing for construct validity,and responsiveness),systematic review and meta-analysis,and clinical practice guideline.The readers of our review can distinguish the types of medical studies and choose appropriate tools.In one word,comprehensively mastering relevant knowledge and implementing more practices are basic requirements for correctly assessing the methodological quality.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFC3503304)National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.82225049)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(Grant No.2020YJSZX-3)1.3.5 project for disciplines of excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University(Grant No.ZYGD23004).
文摘Promoting the international acceptance of clinical studies about traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)interventions is a key strategy for internationalization of TCM.However,the complexities of TCM interventions—in terms of the theories,practice patterns,and components—pose challenges to the design and implementation of clinical studies that are well accepted by the international community.This article summarized the current status of clinical studies about TCM interventions that were published in international journals,explored underlying barriers hindering the international acceptance,and discussed potential strategies for future development.
基金Supported by The PI011/1347,of the Plan Nacional de I+D+Ico-funded by ISCⅢ-Subdirección General de Evaluación y Formento de la Investigación Sanitaria,Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional(FEDER)Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu and Escola Amiga Program
文摘AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention for reducing social stigma towards mental illness in adolescents. The effect of gender and knowledge of someone with mental illness was measured. METHODS: Two hundred and eighty secondary school students were evaluated using the Community Attitudes towards Mental Illness(CAMI) questionnaire. The schools were randomized and some received the intervention and others acted as the control group. The programme consisted of providing information via a documentary film and of contact with healthcare staff in order to reduce the social stigma within the school environment. RESULTS: The intervention was effective in reducing the CAMI authoritarianism and social restrictiveness subscales. The intervention showed significant changes in girls in terms of authoritarianism and social restrictiveness, while boys only showed significant changes in authoritarianism. Following the intervention, a significant reduction was found in authoritarianism and social restrictiveness in those who knew someone with mental illness, and only in authoritarianism in those who did not know anyone with mental illness. CONCLUSION: The intervention was effective to reduce social stigma towards people with mental illness, especially in the area of authoritarianism. Some differences were found depending on gender and whether or not the subjects knew someone with mental illness.
