Traditional lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)employing liquid electrolytes face inherent safety risks,motivating the development of solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)like polyethylene oxide(PEO).However,pure PEO suffers from ...Traditional lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)employing liquid electrolytes face inherent safety risks,motivating the development of solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)like polyethylene oxide(PEO).However,pure PEO suffers from low room-temperature ionic conductivity and poor mechanical strength.Composite solid electrolytes(CSEs)incorporating inorganic filler offer promise but are hindered by poor interfacial compatibility.This study addresses this critical issue through surface engineering.Mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane(MPTMS)is used to modify garnet-type Li_(6.4)La_(3)Zr_(1.4)Ta_(0.6)O_(12)(LLZTO)particles,introducing thiol groups(-SH)onto their surface.Subsequently,thiol-functionalized LLZTO(LLZTO@MPTMS)participate in the insitu copolymerization of polyethylene glycol methyl methacrylate(PEGMEMA)and crosslinker polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate(PEGDMA),yielding a novel PEO-based CSE(PCSE).The effects of PEGMEMA molecular weight,PEGMEMA/PEGDMA ratio,and LLZTO@MPTMS content have been systematically examined to optimize the electrolyte.The resulting PCSE exhibits an ionic conductivity of 1.20×10^(-4)S·cm^(-1)at 30℃,a lithium-ion transference number of 0.36,and a wide electrochemical stability window up to 5.1 V(vs.Li^(+)/Li).Li/PCSE/Li symmetric cells demonstrate stable cycling for nearly 240 h at 0.05 mA·cm^(-2),indicating enhanced interface compatibility with lithium metal and effective dendrite suppression.Furthermore,LiFePO_(4)/PCSE/Li full cells deliver a high initial discharge capacity of 155.0 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.1 C and retain 76.0%capacity after 100 cycles,alongside excellent rate capability.These results confirm that the combined strategy of LLZTO surface modification with MPTMS and in-situ copolymerization effectively mitigates interfacial issues,presenting a promising material system for high-performance solid-state LIBs.展开更多
Neutral oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is a crucial half-reaction for electrocatalytic chemical production under mild condition,but with limited development due to low activity and poor stability.Herein,a tungsten-dope...Neutral oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is a crucial half-reaction for electrocatalytic chemical production under mild condition,but with limited development due to low activity and poor stability.Herein,a tungsten-doped cobalt molybdate(WDCMO)catalyst was synthesized for efficient and durable OER under neutral electrolyte.It is demonstrated that catalyst reconstruction is suppressed by W doping,which stabilizes the Co-O-Mo point-to-point connection in CoMoO_(4) architecture and stimulates to a lower valence state of active sites over the surface phase.Thereby,the surface structure maintains to avoid compound dissolution caused by over-oxidation during OER.Meanwhile,the WDCMO catalyst promotes charge transfer and optimizes*OH intermediate adsorption,which improves reaction kinetics and intrinsic activity.Consequently,the WDCMO electrode exhibits an overpotential of 302 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2) in neutral electrolyte with an improvement of 182 mV compared with CoMoO4 electrode.Furthermore,W doping significantly improves the electrode stability from 50 h to more than 320 h,with a suppressive potential attenuation from 2.82 to 0.29 mV h^(-1).This work will shed new light on designing rational electrocatalysts for neutral OER.展开更多
A simultaneous boost in toughness and fire safety of epoxy(EP)is achieved through solvent-free one-step neutralization of phytic acid with 1,8-diaminooctane to yield a multifunctional bio-based curing agent,PA-DAO.Whe...A simultaneous boost in toughness and fire safety of epoxy(EP)is achieved through solvent-free one-step neutralization of phytic acid with 1,8-diaminooctane to yield a multifunctional bio-based curing agent,PA-DAO.When used as the sole hardener,5 wt%PA-DAO increased the tensile,flexural,and impact strengths by 165%,81%,and 455%,respectively,over the parent amine system,whereas the tensile and flexural toughness increased by 1387% and 775%,respectively.At 25 wt% loading,the resin attained a UL-94 V-0 rating and a limiting oxygen index of 28.1%,accompanied by a 71% reduction in the peak heat-release rate and a 53%suppression of total smoke production.This facile,green protocol provides scalable access to ultra-tough,intrinsically flame-retardant epoxy networks without external plasticizers or additives.展开更多
Zn-I_(2) batteries have emerged as promising next-generation energy storage systems owing to their inherent safety,environmental compatibility,rapid reaction kinetics,and small voltage hysteresis.Nevertheless,two crit...Zn-I_(2) batteries have emerged as promising next-generation energy storage systems owing to their inherent safety,environmental compatibility,rapid reaction kinetics,and small voltage hysteresis.Nevertheless,two critical challenges,i.e.,zinc dendrite growth and polyiodide shuttle effect,severely impede their commercial viability.To conquer these limitations,this study develops a multifunctional separator fabricated from straw-derived carboxylated nanocellulose,with its negative charge density further reinforced by anionic polyacrylamide incorporation.This modification simultaneously improves the separator’s mechanical properties,ionic conductivity,and Zn^(2+)ion transfer number.Remarkably,despite its ultrathin 20μm profile,the engineered separator demonstrates exceptional dendrite suppression and parasitic reaction inhibition,enabling Zn//Zn symmetric cells to achieve impressive cycle life(>1800 h at 2 m A cm^(-2)/2 m Ah cm^(-2))while maintaining robust performance even at ultrahigh areal capacities(25 m Ah cm^(-2)).Additionally,the separator’s anionic characteristic effectively blocks polyiodide migration through electrostatic repulsion,yielding Zn-I_(2) batteries with outstanding rate capability(120.7 m Ah g^(-1)at 5 A g^(-1))and excellent cyclability(94.2%capacity retention after 10,000 cycles).And superior cycling stability can still be achieved under zinc-deficient condition and pouch cell configuration.This work establishes a new paradigm for designing high-performance zinc-based energy storage systems through rational separator engineering.展开更多
Prelaunch rolling of maritime rockets threatens the reliability of launch in rough sea conditions.In order to suppress the prelaunch rolling,this study introduces advanced smart prediction designed especially for mari...Prelaunch rolling of maritime rockets threatens the reliability of launch in rough sea conditions.In order to suppress the prelaunch rolling,this study introduces advanced smart prediction designed especially for maritime rockets.The suggested approach introduces a hybrid model that combines random forest(RF)and Adaptive boosting(Ada Boost)methods to describe the coupling mechanism of factors affecting rocket rolling and to suppress the rolling.This combination improves forecast accuracy.Thereafter,the dimensionality reduced response surfaces are used to visually present the coupling between rocket rolling and influencing factors,which reveals the prelaunch rolling mechanism.When angle between the launch device and the ship's bow is within 80°-100°,the dynamic friction coefficient between adapters and guideways is 0.4,and the dynamic friction coefficient between the rocket and launchpad is within 0-0.15 or0.5-0.7,the prelaunch rolling of rocket during one motion cycle of the ship is less than 0.065°,originally 0.27°,reduced by 75.93%,effectively suppressing the prelaunch rolling.This study improves the prelaunch stability of maritime rockets in rough sea conditions and establishes a mapping relationship between the factors affecting rocket rolling and the structure of the sea launch system,guiding the optimization of future sea launch systems.展开更多
Optical coherence tomography(OCT),particularly Swept-Source OCT,is widely employed in medical diagnostics and industrial inspections owing to its high-resolution imaging capabilities.However,Swept-Source OCT 3D imagin...Optical coherence tomography(OCT),particularly Swept-Source OCT,is widely employed in medical diagnostics and industrial inspections owing to its high-resolution imaging capabilities.However,Swept-Source OCT 3D imaging often suffers from stripe artifacts caused by unstable light sources,system noise,and environmental interference,posing challenges to real-time processing of large-scale datasets.To address this issue,this study introduces a real-time reconstruction system that integrates stripe-artifact suppression and parallel computing using a graphics processing unit.This approach employs a frequency-domain filtering algorithm with adaptive anti-suppression parameters,dynamically adjusted through an image quality evaluation function and optimized using a convolutional neural network for complex frequency-domain feature learning.Additionally,a graphics processing unit integrated 3D reconstruction framework is developed,enhancing data processing throughput and real-time performance via a dual-queue decoupling mechanism.Experimental results demonstrate significant improvements in structural similarity(0.92),peak signal-to-noise ratio(31.62 dB),and stripe suppression ratio(15.73 dB)compared with existing methods.On the RTX 4090 platform,the proposed system achieved an end-to-end delay of 94.36 milliseconds,a frame rate of 10.3 frames per second,and a throughput of 121.5 million voxels per second,effectively suppressing artifacts while preserving image details and enhancing real-time 3D reconstruction performance.展开更多
Lithium-oxygen(Li-O2)batteries are perceived as a promising breakthrough in sustainable electrochemical energy storage,utilizing ambient air as an energy source,eliminating the need for costly cathode materials,and of...Lithium-oxygen(Li-O2)batteries are perceived as a promising breakthrough in sustainable electrochemical energy storage,utilizing ambient air as an energy source,eliminating the need for costly cathode materials,and offering the highest theoretical energy density(~3.5 k Wh kg^(-1))among discussed candidates.Contributing to the poor cycle life of currently reported Li-O_(2)cells is singlet oxygen(1O_(2))formation,inducing parasitic reactions,degrading key components,and severely deteriorating cell performance.Here,we harness the chirality-induced spin selectivity effect of chiral cobalt oxide nanosheets(Co_(3)O_(4)NSs)as cathode materials to suppress 1O_(2)in Li-O_(2)batteries for the first time.Operando photoluminescence spectroscopy reveals a 3.7-fold and 3.23-fold reduction in 1O_(2)during discharge and charge,respectively,compared to conventional carbon paperbased cells,consistent with differential electrochemical mass spectrometry results,which indicate a near-theoretical charge-to-O_(2)ratio(2.04 e-/O_(2)).Density functional theory calculations demonstrate that chirality induces a peak shift near the Fermi level,enhancing Co 3d-O 2p hybridization,stabilizing reaction intermediates,and lowering activation barriers for Li_(2)O_(2)formation and decomposition.These findings establish a new strategy for improving the stability and energy efficiency of sustainable Li-O_(2)batteries,abridging the current gap to commercialization.展开更多
In dry-coupled ultrasonic thickness measurement,thick rubber layers introduce high-amplitude parasitic echoes that obscure defect signals and degrade thickness accuracy.Existing methods struggle to resolve overlap-pin...In dry-coupled ultrasonic thickness measurement,thick rubber layers introduce high-amplitude parasitic echoes that obscure defect signals and degrade thickness accuracy.Existing methods struggle to resolve overlap-ping echoes under variable coupling conditions and non-stationary noise.This study proposes a novel dual-criterion framework integrating energy contribution and statistical impulsivity metrics to isolate specimen re-flections from coupling-layer interference.By decomposing A-scan signals into Intrinsic Mode Functions(IMFs),the framework employs energy contribution thresholds(>85%)and kurtosis indices(>3)to autonomously select IMFs containing valid specimen echoes.Hybrid time-frequency thresholding further suppresses interference through amplitude filtering and spectral focusing.Experimental results demonstrate the framework’s robustness,achieving 92.3%thickness accuracy for 5 mm steel specimens with 5 mm rubber coupling,outperforming conventional methods by up to 18.7%.The dual-criterion approach reduces operator dependency by 37%and maintainsΔT<0.03 mm under surface roughness up to 6.3μm,offering a practical solution for industrial nondestructive testing with thick dry-coupled interfaces.展开更多
Safety issue of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)such as fires and explosions is a significant challenge for their large scale applications.Considering the continuously increased battery energy density and wider large-scale...Safety issue of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)such as fires and explosions is a significant challenge for their large scale applications.Considering the continuously increased battery energy density and wider large-scale battery pack applications,the possibility of LIBs fire significantly increases.Because of the fast burning and the easy re-ignition characteristics of LIBs,achieving an efficient and prompt LIBs fire suppression is critical for minimizing the fire hazards.Different from conventional fire hazards,the LIBs fire shows complicated and comprehensive characteristics,and an effective and suitable fire-extinguishing agent particularly designed for LIBs is highly desirable.Considerable efforts have been devoted to this topic,to the best of our knowledge,a comprehensive review on this regard is still rare.Moreover,in practice,a guidance for the design and selections of a proper fire-extinguishing agent for LIBs is urgently needed.Herein,the special mechanisms and characteristics for LIBs fire and the corresponding design principles for LIBs fire-extinguishing agent were introduced.It is revealed that a fire-extinguishing agent developed for LIBs fire will most likely need a high heat capacity,high wetting,low viscosity and low electrical conductivity.After a comprehensive comparison of these agents in terms of these performances,water-based fire-extinguishing agents show best.Several typical fire-extinguishing agents such as gaseous agents,dry powders,water-based and aerosol fire-extinguishing agents were then introduced,and their fire extinguishment mechanisms were presented.Finally,their effectiveness in suppressing the fire were summarized.Water-based fire-extinguishing agents possess high cooling capacity and excellent anti-reflash performance for the fire.We believe this review could shed light on developing an efficient fire-extinguishing agent particularly designed for LIBs.展开更多
Supercapacitors are one of the most promising energy storage devices in the fields of vehicle transportation,flexible electronic devices,aerospace,etc.However,the existed self-discharge that is the spontaneous voltage...Supercapacitors are one of the most promising energy storage devices in the fields of vehicle transportation,flexible electronic devices,aerospace,etc.However,the existed self-discharge that is the spontaneous voltage decay after supercapacitors are fully charged,brings about the wide gap between experimental studies and practical utilization of supercapacitors.Although eliminating the selfdischarge completely is not reachable,suppressing the self-discharge rate to the lowest point is possible and feasible.So far,the significant endeavors have been devoted to achieve this goal.Herein,we summary and discuss the possible mechanisms for the self-discharge and the underlying influence factors.Moreover,the strategies to suppress the self-discharge are systemically summed up by three independent but unified aspects:modifying the electrode,modulating the electrolyte and tuning the separator.Finally,the major challenges to suppress the self-discharge of supercapacitors are concluded and the promising strategies are also pointed out and discussed.This review is presented with the view of serving as a guideline to suppress the self-discharge of supercapacitors and to across-the-board facilitate their widespread application.展开更多
Sloshing is a common phenomenon in nature and industry, and it is important in many fields, such as marine engineering and aerospace engineering. To reduce the sloshing load on the side walls, the topology optimizatio...Sloshing is a common phenomenon in nature and industry, and it is important in many fields, such as marine engineering and aerospace engineering. To reduce the sloshing load on the side walls, the topology optimization and optimal control methods are used to design the shape of the board, which is fixed in the middle of the tank. The results show that the new board shape, which is designed via topology optimization, can significantly reduce the sloshing load on the side wall.展开更多
The rolling mill vibration not only seriously causes the strip thickness heterogeneity, but also damages the rolling mill equipment and its electrical components. Existing vibration suppression methods are passive and...The rolling mill vibration not only seriously causes the strip thickness heterogeneity, but also damages the rolling mill equipment and its electrical components. Existing vibration suppression methods are passive and mainly tune mechanical, hydraulic, electrical and rolling process parameters. A new active vibration suppression method was thus proposed using the disturbance estimation and compensation algorithm. Firstly, the hydraulic-mechanical coupling model of the rolling mill vibration was established, and an active vibration suppressor was designed based on the extended state observer. Then, through the numerical simulation, it is found that the vibration energy is reduced by 35.3% using the vibration suppressor, and the vibration suppressor is valid when the vibration frequency is lower than 60 Hz Finally, the vibration suppressor was applied to the in-site manufacturing, and the expected vibration suppression was obtained. The method makes the produced steel strip have more uniform thickness and further significantly increases the finished product ratio.展开更多
Currently,the effective and clean suppression of lithium-ion battery(LIB)fires remains a challenge.The present work investigates the use of various inhibitor doses(Xin)of dodecafluoro-2-methylpentan-3-one(C_(6) F_(12)...Currently,the effective and clean suppression of lithium-ion battery(LIB)fires remains a challenge.The present work investigates the use of various inhibitor doses(Xin)of dodecafluoro-2-methylpentan-3-one(C_(6) F_(12)O)in 300 Ah LIBs,and systematically examines the thermal and toxic hazards of the extinguished batteries via real scale combustion and gas analysis.The inhibitor is shown to be completely effective.The inhibition mechanism involves a combination of chemical inhibition and physical cooling.While the chemical inhibition effect tends to saturate with increasing Xin,the physical cooling remains effective at higher inhibitor doses.However,extinguishing the battery fire with a high Xin of C_(6)F_(12)O is found to incur serious toxicity problems.These results are expected to provide a guideline for the design of inhibitor doses for the suppression of LIB fires.展开更多
In this study,we present three experiments carried out at the EISCAT(European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association)heating facility on October 29 and 30,2015.The results from the first experiment showed overshoot...In this study,we present three experiments carried out at the EISCAT(European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association)heating facility on October 29 and 30,2015.The results from the first experiment showed overshoot during the O-mode heating period.The second experiment,which used cold-start X-mode heating,showed the generation of parametric decay instability,whereas overshoot was not observed.The third experiment used power-stepped X-mode heating with noticeable O-mode wave leakage.Parametric decay instability and oscillating two-stream instability were generated at the O-mode reflection height without the overshoot effect,which implies suppression of the thermal parametric instability with X-mode heating.We propose that the electron temperature increased because X-mode heating below the upper hybrid height decreased the growth rate of the thermal parametric instability.展开更多
Fugitive dust is one of the well known problems in agriculture and it affects both humans and machine producing quality. Dust problems can seriously cause harmful diseases to workers and ruin expensive equipments. In ...Fugitive dust is one of the well known problems in agriculture and it affects both humans and machine producing quality. Dust problems can seriously cause harmful diseases to workers and ruin expensive equipments. In this study, a dust formation generated in open environment by vehicles was analyzed on unpaved roads. Formed dust was measured by calculating total forces on the PM10 （airborne particles smaller than 10 mm） of dust particles, such as air velocity, gravity forces and air turbulence generated by the moving vehicle. The water fogger nozzle discharge was measured to determine the approximate droplets quantity in the air. The foggers were used to suppress the generated dust in an open environment via installing a proposed automatic suppression system which opens automatically when vehicles pass under the system. The relationship between water droplet speed and ability of collecting fugitive dust showed that high air temperature above 40oC and wind speed above 10 m s-1 have negative effects on the system’s ability of collecting dust due to evaporation of small radius droplets and/or drifting water droplets away from the effective area. The overall system efficiency was found to be 85% and the proposed dust suppression system was found to be a satisfying solution for reducing fugitive dust hazards.展开更多
The signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） of seismic reflection data in many areas is rather poor and conventional two-dimensional filters designed to suppress noise with different moveout from the signal tend to generate art...The signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） of seismic reflection data in many areas is rather poor and conventional two-dimensional filters designed to suppress noise with different moveout from the signal tend to generate artifacts. We have extended a method of multichannel filtering, based on the hypothesis that signals on adjacent channels are similar, for enhancing the SNR on stacked sections. Using only the mid-range frequencies where the SNR is highest, the event trend is found for overlapping windows on the section and the average signal vector is calculated. Then the data from the full bandwidth section are projected onto the spatially varying unit similarity vectors and the results are merged for the overlapping windows. Application of the method to synthetic data containing steeply dipping events and to a stacked section for a marine 2D line has produced good results. The modifications we have introduced carry a small overhead in computing time but they should enable the method to be used effectively even on sections containing steep dips.展开更多
Owing to their remarkable flexibility and favorable cost-effectiveness,industrial robots have found extensive applications to cutting of materials across sophisticated manufacturing fields.However,the structurally low...Owing to their remarkable flexibility and favorable cost-effectiveness,industrial robots have found extensive applications to cutting of materials across sophisticated manufacturing fields.However,the structurally low rigidity of these robots renders the tool tip prone to substantial oscillations during machining processes,significantly impacting product fabrication quality.The objective of this study is to present a novel methodology employing magnetorheological dampers for mitigating vibrations during robotic milling operations.Specifically,a new type of ring nested Magneto-Rheological Foam Damper(MRFD)working in the squeeze mode is developed.Firstly,the MRFD’s structure is designed considering the vibrational characteristics of robotic milling.Subsequently,a damping force model of the MRFD is derived.The feasibility of the MRFD’s structural design is validated by the finite element analyses,which is instrumental in comprehending the influence of structural parameters on the electromagnetic characteristics of the MRFD.Next,a prototype of the MRFD is fabricated selecting appropriate parameters.Finally,a series of excitation and milling experiments are conducted on a KUKA KR500 robot.The outcomes demonstrate a substantial reduction(37%-69%)in radial vibration amplitude at the tool tip during robotic milling,highlighting the effectiveness of the developed MRFD.This research endeavor has introduced a pioneering avenue and framework for vibration control in robotic milling,offering a novel paradigm for enhancing the precision of robotic machining.展开更多
Pyrolysis of Shenmu coal was performed in fixed-bed reactors indirectly heated by reducing operating pressure and mounting internals in the reactor to explore their synergetic effects on coal pyrolysis. Mounting inter...Pyrolysis of Shenmu coal was performed in fixed-bed reactors indirectly heated by reducing operating pressure and mounting internals in the reactor to explore their synergetic effects on coal pyrolysis. Mounting internals particularly designed greatly improved the heat transfer inside coal bed and raised the yield of tar production.Reducing pressure further facilitated the production of tar through its suppression of secondary reactions occurring in the reactor. The absolute increase in tar yield reached 3.33 wt% in comparison with the pyrolysis in the reactor without internals under atmospheric pressure. The obtained tar yield in the reactor with internals under reduced pressure was even higher than the yield of Gray–King assay. Through experiments in a laboratory fixed bed reactor, it was also clarified that the effect of reducing pressure is related to volatile release rate in pyrolysis. It did not obviously vary tar yield at pyrolysis temperatures below 600 ℃, while the effect was evident at 650 and 700 ℃ but became limited again above 800 ℃. Under reduced pressure the produced tar contained more aliphatics and phenols but less aromatics.展开更多
ZnO nanorods are passivated with a TiO2 interracial layer and applied in the CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cell, which prepared by the atomic layer deposition method show a positive effect on the tiff factor and power c...ZnO nanorods are passivated with a TiO2 interracial layer and applied in the CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cell, which prepared by the atomic layer deposition method show a positive effect on the tiff factor and power conversion efficiency. With TiO2 interracial passivation, the charge recombination in the ZnO/CH3NH3PbI3 interface is effectively suppressed and the maximum power conversion efficiency is enhanced from 11.9% to 13.4%.展开更多
Bacground Percutaneous coronary intervention（PCI） has become one of the most effective treatments in coronary heart disease（CHD）.However,the bottleneck problem of PCI is the in-stent restenosis（ISR）.The aim of t...Bacground Percutaneous coronary intervention（PCI） has become one of the most effective treatments in coronary heart disease（CHD）.However,the bottleneck problem of PCI is the in-stent restenosis（ISR）.The aim of this study was to explore the effects of astragaloside IV（AST IV） on suppression of intimal hyperplasia modulation of the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor（b-FGF） in a rat carotid artery balloon injury model.Methods Fifty healthy male Sprague-Dawley（SD）rats were randomly divided into five groups：a sham-operation group（sham）,a model group（model）,and three astragaloside IV-treated groups.Three days before the surgery,1% carboxy methyl cellulose（CMC） or AST IV（20,40 or 60 mg·kg^（- 1）·d^（- 1）） was intragastrically administered into sham or 3 astragaloside-treated groups once a day for 17 days.Hematoxylin-elsin staining was carried out to determine the pathomorphological changes and the neointimal and media area ratio.Immunohistochemistry staining was performed to measure the expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen（PCNA）and basic fibrolast growth factor（b-FGF）.PCNA and b-FGF were analyzed with Iamage-Pro Plus.Results（1） The carotid artery intimal hyperplasia in the rats of model was similar to lumen stenosis.Compared with the sham operation group,the area of the new intima and the ratio of the intima to media（I/M） were increased and the lumen area was decreased（P 〈 0.01） in the model group.Astragaloside IV increased the lumen intimal dimension and decreased the area of new intima and the ratio of intima to media in a dose-dependent manner.（2） Compared with the sham-operation group,the expressions of PCNA and b-FGF in carotid artery of model group were significantly increased（P 〈 0.01）.AST IV decreased expressions of PCNA and b-FGF in the carotid artery of rats in a dosedependent manner.Conclusion Astragaloside IV significantly inhibits neointimal hyperplasia of rat carotid artery through down-regulating the expressions of PCNA and b-FGF.展开更多
基金supported by the 2024 Capital Construction Funds within the Provincial Budget of Jilin Provincial Development and Reform Commission[2024C018-2].
文摘Traditional lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)employing liquid electrolytes face inherent safety risks,motivating the development of solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)like polyethylene oxide(PEO).However,pure PEO suffers from low room-temperature ionic conductivity and poor mechanical strength.Composite solid electrolytes(CSEs)incorporating inorganic filler offer promise but are hindered by poor interfacial compatibility.This study addresses this critical issue through surface engineering.Mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane(MPTMS)is used to modify garnet-type Li_(6.4)La_(3)Zr_(1.4)Ta_(0.6)O_(12)(LLZTO)particles,introducing thiol groups(-SH)onto their surface.Subsequently,thiol-functionalized LLZTO(LLZTO@MPTMS)participate in the insitu copolymerization of polyethylene glycol methyl methacrylate(PEGMEMA)and crosslinker polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate(PEGDMA),yielding a novel PEO-based CSE(PCSE).The effects of PEGMEMA molecular weight,PEGMEMA/PEGDMA ratio,and LLZTO@MPTMS content have been systematically examined to optimize the electrolyte.The resulting PCSE exhibits an ionic conductivity of 1.20×10^(-4)S·cm^(-1)at 30℃,a lithium-ion transference number of 0.36,and a wide electrochemical stability window up to 5.1 V(vs.Li^(+)/Li).Li/PCSE/Li symmetric cells demonstrate stable cycling for nearly 240 h at 0.05 mA·cm^(-2),indicating enhanced interface compatibility with lithium metal and effective dendrite suppression.Furthermore,LiFePO_(4)/PCSE/Li full cells deliver a high initial discharge capacity of 155.0 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.1 C and retain 76.0%capacity after 100 cycles,alongside excellent rate capability.These results confirm that the combined strategy of LLZTO surface modification with MPTMS and in-situ copolymerization effectively mitigates interfacial issues,presenting a promising material system for high-performance solid-state LIBs.
文摘Neutral oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is a crucial half-reaction for electrocatalytic chemical production under mild condition,but with limited development due to low activity and poor stability.Herein,a tungsten-doped cobalt molybdate(WDCMO)catalyst was synthesized for efficient and durable OER under neutral electrolyte.It is demonstrated that catalyst reconstruction is suppressed by W doping,which stabilizes the Co-O-Mo point-to-point connection in CoMoO_(4) architecture and stimulates to a lower valence state of active sites over the surface phase.Thereby,the surface structure maintains to avoid compound dissolution caused by over-oxidation during OER.Meanwhile,the WDCMO catalyst promotes charge transfer and optimizes*OH intermediate adsorption,which improves reaction kinetics and intrinsic activity.Consequently,the WDCMO electrode exhibits an overpotential of 302 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2) in neutral electrolyte with an improvement of 182 mV compared with CoMoO4 electrode.Furthermore,W doping significantly improves the electrode stability from 50 h to more than 320 h,with a suppressive potential attenuation from 2.82 to 0.29 mV h^(-1).This work will shed new light on designing rational electrocatalysts for neutral OER.
基金financially supported by Zhejiang Provincial"Leading Force"and"Leading Bird"R&D Key Project(No.2022C03128)Basic Public Welfare Research Plan of Zhejiang Province(No.LY21C160003)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation(No.51991355)Zhejiang A&F University Scientific Research Start-up Fund(No.2023LFR134)。
文摘A simultaneous boost in toughness and fire safety of epoxy(EP)is achieved through solvent-free one-step neutralization of phytic acid with 1,8-diaminooctane to yield a multifunctional bio-based curing agent,PA-DAO.When used as the sole hardener,5 wt%PA-DAO increased the tensile,flexural,and impact strengths by 165%,81%,and 455%,respectively,over the parent amine system,whereas the tensile and flexural toughness increased by 1387% and 775%,respectively.At 25 wt% loading,the resin attained a UL-94 V-0 rating and a limiting oxygen index of 28.1%,accompanied by a 71% reduction in the peak heat-release rate and a 53%suppression of total smoke production.This facile,green protocol provides scalable access to ultra-tough,intrinsically flame-retardant epoxy networks without external plasticizers or additives.
基金the financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20231292)the Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund(CX(24)3091)+6 种基金the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX25_1429)the National Key R&D Program of China(2024YFE0109200)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2024300440)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2025A1515011098)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12464032)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(20232BAB201032)Ji'an Science and Technology Plan Project(2024H-100301)。
文摘Zn-I_(2) batteries have emerged as promising next-generation energy storage systems owing to their inherent safety,environmental compatibility,rapid reaction kinetics,and small voltage hysteresis.Nevertheless,two critical challenges,i.e.,zinc dendrite growth and polyiodide shuttle effect,severely impede their commercial viability.To conquer these limitations,this study develops a multifunctional separator fabricated from straw-derived carboxylated nanocellulose,with its negative charge density further reinforced by anionic polyacrylamide incorporation.This modification simultaneously improves the separator’s mechanical properties,ionic conductivity,and Zn^(2+)ion transfer number.Remarkably,despite its ultrathin 20μm profile,the engineered separator demonstrates exceptional dendrite suppression and parasitic reaction inhibition,enabling Zn//Zn symmetric cells to achieve impressive cycle life(>1800 h at 2 m A cm^(-2)/2 m Ah cm^(-2))while maintaining robust performance even at ultrahigh areal capacities(25 m Ah cm^(-2)).Additionally,the separator’s anionic characteristic effectively blocks polyiodide migration through electrostatic repulsion,yielding Zn-I_(2) batteries with outstanding rate capability(120.7 m Ah g^(-1)at 5 A g^(-1))and excellent cyclability(94.2%capacity retention after 10,000 cycles).And superior cycling stability can still be achieved under zinc-deficient condition and pouch cell configuration.This work establishes a new paradigm for designing high-performance zinc-based energy storage systems through rational separator engineering.
文摘Prelaunch rolling of maritime rockets threatens the reliability of launch in rough sea conditions.In order to suppress the prelaunch rolling,this study introduces advanced smart prediction designed especially for maritime rockets.The suggested approach introduces a hybrid model that combines random forest(RF)and Adaptive boosting(Ada Boost)methods to describe the coupling mechanism of factors affecting rocket rolling and to suppress the rolling.This combination improves forecast accuracy.Thereafter,the dimensionality reduced response surfaces are used to visually present the coupling between rocket rolling and influencing factors,which reveals the prelaunch rolling mechanism.When angle between the launch device and the ship's bow is within 80°-100°,the dynamic friction coefficient between adapters and guideways is 0.4,and the dynamic friction coefficient between the rocket and launchpad is within 0-0.15 or0.5-0.7,the prelaunch rolling of rocket during one motion cycle of the ship is less than 0.065°,originally 0.27°,reduced by 75.93%,effectively suppressing the prelaunch rolling.This study improves the prelaunch stability of maritime rockets in rough sea conditions and establishes a mapping relationship between the factors affecting rocket rolling and the structure of the sea launch system,guiding the optimization of future sea launch systems.
文摘Optical coherence tomography(OCT),particularly Swept-Source OCT,is widely employed in medical diagnostics and industrial inspections owing to its high-resolution imaging capabilities.However,Swept-Source OCT 3D imaging often suffers from stripe artifacts caused by unstable light sources,system noise,and environmental interference,posing challenges to real-time processing of large-scale datasets.To address this issue,this study introduces a real-time reconstruction system that integrates stripe-artifact suppression and parallel computing using a graphics processing unit.This approach employs a frequency-domain filtering algorithm with adaptive anti-suppression parameters,dynamically adjusted through an image quality evaluation function and optimized using a convolutional neural network for complex frequency-domain feature learning.Additionally,a graphics processing unit integrated 3D reconstruction framework is developed,enhancing data processing throughput and real-time performance via a dual-queue decoupling mechanism.Experimental results demonstrate significant improvements in structural similarity(0.92),peak signal-to-noise ratio(31.62 dB),and stripe suppression ratio(15.73 dB)compared with existing methods.On the RTX 4090 platform,the proposed system achieved an end-to-end delay of 94.36 milliseconds,a frame rate of 10.3 frames per second,and a throughput of 121.5 million voxels per second,effectively suppressing artifacts while preserving image details and enhancing real-time 3D reconstruction performance.
基金supported by Basic Science Research Program(Priority Research Institute)through the NRF of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education(2021R1A6A1A10039823)by the Korea Basic Science Institute(National Research Facilities and Equipment Center)grant funded by the Ministry of Education(2020R1A6C101B194)。
文摘Lithium-oxygen(Li-O2)batteries are perceived as a promising breakthrough in sustainable electrochemical energy storage,utilizing ambient air as an energy source,eliminating the need for costly cathode materials,and offering the highest theoretical energy density(~3.5 k Wh kg^(-1))among discussed candidates.Contributing to the poor cycle life of currently reported Li-O_(2)cells is singlet oxygen(1O_(2))formation,inducing parasitic reactions,degrading key components,and severely deteriorating cell performance.Here,we harness the chirality-induced spin selectivity effect of chiral cobalt oxide nanosheets(Co_(3)O_(4)NSs)as cathode materials to suppress 1O_(2)in Li-O_(2)batteries for the first time.Operando photoluminescence spectroscopy reveals a 3.7-fold and 3.23-fold reduction in 1O_(2)during discharge and charge,respectively,compared to conventional carbon paperbased cells,consistent with differential electrochemical mass spectrometry results,which indicate a near-theoretical charge-to-O_(2)ratio(2.04 e-/O_(2)).Density functional theory calculations demonstrate that chirality induces a peak shift near the Fermi level,enhancing Co 3d-O 2p hybridization,stabilizing reaction intermediates,and lowering activation barriers for Li_(2)O_(2)formation and decomposition.These findings establish a new strategy for improving the stability and energy efficiency of sustainable Li-O_(2)batteries,abridging the current gap to commercialization.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,grant number U24A20135Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation major project,grant number 2023ZD12+7 种基金Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region key research and development and achievement transformation plan project,grant number 2023YFHH0090Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia,grant number 2022MS05006Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Talent Development FundUniversity basic research business expenses,grant number 2023RCTD012University basic research business expenses,grant number 2023QNJS075Postgraduate Research Innovation Program and of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,grant number KC2024053BUniversity basic research business expenses,grant number 2024YXXS012National Key Laboratory of Special Vehicle Design and Manufacturing Integration Technology,grant number GZ2023KF012.
文摘In dry-coupled ultrasonic thickness measurement,thick rubber layers introduce high-amplitude parasitic echoes that obscure defect signals and degrade thickness accuracy.Existing methods struggle to resolve overlap-ping echoes under variable coupling conditions and non-stationary noise.This study proposes a novel dual-criterion framework integrating energy contribution and statistical impulsivity metrics to isolate specimen re-flections from coupling-layer interference.By decomposing A-scan signals into Intrinsic Mode Functions(IMFs),the framework employs energy contribution thresholds(>85%)and kurtosis indices(>3)to autonomously select IMFs containing valid specimen echoes.Hybrid time-frequency thresholding further suppresses interference through amplitude filtering and spectral focusing.Experimental results demonstrate the framework’s robustness,achieving 92.3%thickness accuracy for 5 mm steel specimens with 5 mm rubber coupling,outperforming conventional methods by up to 18.7%.The dual-criterion approach reduces operator dependency by 37%and maintainsΔT<0.03 mm under surface roughness up to 6.3μm,offering a practical solution for industrial nondestructive testing with thick dry-coupled interfaces.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(grant number 2017YFC0804700)the National Key Research and Development Program(2019YFC0810703)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 51874041).
文摘Safety issue of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)such as fires and explosions is a significant challenge for their large scale applications.Considering the continuously increased battery energy density and wider large-scale battery pack applications,the possibility of LIBs fire significantly increases.Because of the fast burning and the easy re-ignition characteristics of LIBs,achieving an efficient and prompt LIBs fire suppression is critical for minimizing the fire hazards.Different from conventional fire hazards,the LIBs fire shows complicated and comprehensive characteristics,and an effective and suitable fire-extinguishing agent particularly designed for LIBs is highly desirable.Considerable efforts have been devoted to this topic,to the best of our knowledge,a comprehensive review on this regard is still rare.Moreover,in practice,a guidance for the design and selections of a proper fire-extinguishing agent for LIBs is urgently needed.Herein,the special mechanisms and characteristics for LIBs fire and the corresponding design principles for LIBs fire-extinguishing agent were introduced.It is revealed that a fire-extinguishing agent developed for LIBs fire will most likely need a high heat capacity,high wetting,low viscosity and low electrical conductivity.After a comprehensive comparison of these agents in terms of these performances,water-based fire-extinguishing agents show best.Several typical fire-extinguishing agents such as gaseous agents,dry powders,water-based and aerosol fire-extinguishing agents were then introduced,and their fire extinguishment mechanisms were presented.Finally,their effectiveness in suppressing the fire were summarized.Water-based fire-extinguishing agents possess high cooling capacity and excellent anti-reflash performance for the fire.We believe this review could shed light on developing an efficient fire-extinguishing agent particularly designed for LIBs.
基金partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,No.51872035)the Talent Program of Rejuvenation of the Liaoning(No.XLYC1807002)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT19LAB20)the National Key Research Development Program of China(2016YFB0101201)。
文摘Supercapacitors are one of the most promising energy storage devices in the fields of vehicle transportation,flexible electronic devices,aerospace,etc.However,the existed self-discharge that is the spontaneous voltage decay after supercapacitors are fully charged,brings about the wide gap between experimental studies and practical utilization of supercapacitors.Although eliminating the selfdischarge completely is not reachable,suppressing the self-discharge rate to the lowest point is possible and feasible.So far,the significant endeavors have been devoted to achieve this goal.Herein,we summary and discuss the possible mechanisms for the self-discharge and the underlying influence factors.Moreover,the strategies to suppress the self-discharge are systemically summed up by three independent but unified aspects:modifying the electrode,modulating the electrolyte and tuning the separator.Finally,the major challenges to suppress the self-discharge of supercapacitors are concluded and the promising strategies are also pointed out and discussed.This review is presented with the view of serving as a guideline to suppress the self-discharge of supercapacitors and to across-the-board facilitate their widespread application.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11572350,11372068,and 11602051)the National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China(No.2014CB744104)
文摘Sloshing is a common phenomenon in nature and industry, and it is important in many fields, such as marine engineering and aerospace engineering. To reduce the sloshing load on the side walls, the topology optimization and optimal control methods are used to design the shape of the board, which is fixed in the middle of the tank. The results show that the new board shape, which is designed via topology optimization, can significantly reduce the sloshing load on the side wall.
文摘The rolling mill vibration not only seriously causes the strip thickness heterogeneity, but also damages the rolling mill equipment and its electrical components. Existing vibration suppression methods are passive and mainly tune mechanical, hydraulic, electrical and rolling process parameters. A new active vibration suppression method was thus proposed using the disturbance estimation and compensation algorithm. Firstly, the hydraulic-mechanical coupling model of the rolling mill vibration was established, and an active vibration suppressor was designed based on the extended state observer. Then, through the numerical simulation, it is found that the vibration energy is reduced by 35.3% using the vibration suppressor, and the vibration suppressor is valid when the vibration frequency is lower than 60 Hz Finally, the vibration suppressor was applied to the in-site manufacturing, and the expected vibration suppression was obtained. The method makes the produced steel strip have more uniform thickness and further significantly increases the finished product ratio.
基金funded by the Science and Technology Project of the State Grid Corporation of China (Exploration study on Fire Extinguishing Technology of Lithium Ion Energy Storage Battery DG71-18-002)。
文摘Currently,the effective and clean suppression of lithium-ion battery(LIB)fires remains a challenge.The present work investigates the use of various inhibitor doses(Xin)of dodecafluoro-2-methylpentan-3-one(C_(6) F_(12)O)in 300 Ah LIBs,and systematically examines the thermal and toxic hazards of the extinguished batteries via real scale combustion and gas analysis.The inhibitor is shown to be completely effective.The inhibition mechanism involves a combination of chemical inhibition and physical cooling.While the chemical inhibition effect tends to saturate with increasing Xin,the physical cooling remains effective at higher inhibitor doses.However,extinguishing the battery fire with a high Xin of C_(6)F_(12)O is found to incur serious toxicity problems.These results are expected to provide a guideline for the design of inhibitor doses for the suppression of LIB fires.
基金EISCAT is an international scientific association supported by research organizations in China(China Research Institute of Radiowave Propagation(CRIRP)),Finland(Suomen Akatemia(SA)),Japan(National Institute of Polar Research(NIPR)and Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory(STEL)),Norway(The Research Council of Norway(NFR)),Sweden(Swedish Research Council(VR)),and the United Kingdom(Natural Environment Research Council(NERC)).This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,grants 41204111,41574146,41774162,and 41704155)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(grant 2017M622504).The experiment described in this work was carried out by the Russian team led by N.F.Blagoveshchenskaya.The data used in this research are available through the EISCAT Madrigal database(http://www.eiscat.se/madrigal/)and EISCAT Dynasonde database(https://dynserv.eiscat.uit.no/).
文摘In this study,we present three experiments carried out at the EISCAT(European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association)heating facility on October 29 and 30,2015.The results from the first experiment showed overshoot during the O-mode heating period.The second experiment,which used cold-start X-mode heating,showed the generation of parametric decay instability,whereas overshoot was not observed.The third experiment used power-stepped X-mode heating with noticeable O-mode wave leakage.Parametric decay instability and oscillating two-stream instability were generated at the O-mode reflection height without the overshoot effect,which implies suppression of the thermal parametric instability with X-mode heating.We propose that the electron temperature increased because X-mode heating below the upper hybrid height decreased the growth rate of the thermal parametric instability.
基金funded by the Special Program on the S&T of China for the Pollution Control and Treatment of Water Bodies(2008ZX07421-001)the Foundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China
文摘Fugitive dust is one of the well known problems in agriculture and it affects both humans and machine producing quality. Dust problems can seriously cause harmful diseases to workers and ruin expensive equipments. In this study, a dust formation generated in open environment by vehicles was analyzed on unpaved roads. Formed dust was measured by calculating total forces on the PM10 （airborne particles smaller than 10 mm） of dust particles, such as air velocity, gravity forces and air turbulence generated by the moving vehicle. The water fogger nozzle discharge was measured to determine the approximate droplets quantity in the air. The foggers were used to suppress the generated dust in an open environment via installing a proposed automatic suppression system which opens automatically when vehicles pass under the system. The relationship between water droplet speed and ability of collecting fugitive dust showed that high air temperature above 40oC and wind speed above 10 m s-1 have negative effects on the system’s ability of collecting dust due to evaporation of small radius droplets and/or drifting water droplets away from the effective area. The overall system efficiency was found to be 85% and the proposed dust suppression system was found to be a satisfying solution for reducing fugitive dust hazards.
文摘The signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） of seismic reflection data in many areas is rather poor and conventional two-dimensional filters designed to suppress noise with different moveout from the signal tend to generate artifacts. We have extended a method of multichannel filtering, based on the hypothesis that signals on adjacent channels are similar, for enhancing the SNR on stacked sections. Using only the mid-range frequencies where the SNR is highest, the event trend is found for overlapping windows on the section and the average signal vector is calculated. Then the data from the full bandwidth section are projected onto the spatially varying unit similarity vectors and the results are merged for the overlapping windows. Application of the method to synthetic data containing steeply dipping events and to a stacked section for a marine 2D line has produced good results. The modifications we have introduced carry a small overhead in computing time but they should enable the method to be used effectively even on sections containing steep dips.
基金co-supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20230092)by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52375500,52075256,and U22A20204).
文摘Owing to their remarkable flexibility and favorable cost-effectiveness,industrial robots have found extensive applications to cutting of materials across sophisticated manufacturing fields.However,the structurally low rigidity of these robots renders the tool tip prone to substantial oscillations during machining processes,significantly impacting product fabrication quality.The objective of this study is to present a novel methodology employing magnetorheological dampers for mitigating vibrations during robotic milling operations.Specifically,a new type of ring nested Magneto-Rheological Foam Damper(MRFD)working in the squeeze mode is developed.Firstly,the MRFD’s structure is designed considering the vibrational characteristics of robotic milling.Subsequently,a damping force model of the MRFD is derived.The feasibility of the MRFD’s structural design is validated by the finite element analyses,which is instrumental in comprehending the influence of structural parameters on the electromagnetic characteristics of the MRFD.Next,a prototype of the MRFD is fabricated selecting appropriate parameters.Finally,a series of excitation and milling experiments are conducted on a KUKA KR500 robot.The outcomes demonstrate a substantial reduction(37%-69%)in radial vibration amplitude at the tool tip during robotic milling,highlighting the effectiveness of the developed MRFD.This research endeavor has introduced a pioneering avenue and framework for vibration control in robotic milling,offering a novel paradigm for enhancing the precision of robotic machining.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21376250)National Basic Research Program of China(2014CB744303)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA07010100)
文摘Pyrolysis of Shenmu coal was performed in fixed-bed reactors indirectly heated by reducing operating pressure and mounting internals in the reactor to explore their synergetic effects on coal pyrolysis. Mounting internals particularly designed greatly improved the heat transfer inside coal bed and raised the yield of tar production.Reducing pressure further facilitated the production of tar through its suppression of secondary reactions occurring in the reactor. The absolute increase in tar yield reached 3.33 wt% in comparison with the pyrolysis in the reactor without internals under atmospheric pressure. The obtained tar yield in the reactor with internals under reduced pressure was even higher than the yield of Gray–King assay. Through experiments in a laboratory fixed bed reactor, it was also clarified that the effect of reducing pressure is related to volatile release rate in pyrolysis. It did not obviously vary tar yield at pyrolysis temperatures below 600 ℃, while the effect was evident at 650 and 700 ℃ but became limited again above 800 ℃. Under reduced pressure the produced tar contained more aliphatics and phenols but less aromatics.
基金Supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China under Grant Nos 2012CB932903 and 2012CB932904the Beijing Science and Technology Committee under Grant No Z131100006013003+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 51372270,51372272,21173260,11474333,91433205,51421002 and 91233202the Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘ZnO nanorods are passivated with a TiO2 interracial layer and applied in the CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cell, which prepared by the atomic layer deposition method show a positive effect on the tiff factor and power conversion efficiency. With TiO2 interracial passivation, the charge recombination in the ZnO/CH3NH3PbI3 interface is effectively suppressed and the maximum power conversion efficiency is enhanced from 11.9% to 13.4%.
基金supported by Natural Scientific Foundation of Shandong Province of China(No.ZR2011HL006)
文摘Bacground Percutaneous coronary intervention（PCI） has become one of the most effective treatments in coronary heart disease（CHD）.However,the bottleneck problem of PCI is the in-stent restenosis（ISR）.The aim of this study was to explore the effects of astragaloside IV（AST IV） on suppression of intimal hyperplasia modulation of the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor（b-FGF） in a rat carotid artery balloon injury model.Methods Fifty healthy male Sprague-Dawley（SD）rats were randomly divided into five groups：a sham-operation group（sham）,a model group（model）,and three astragaloside IV-treated groups.Three days before the surgery,1% carboxy methyl cellulose（CMC） or AST IV（20,40 or 60 mg·kg^（- 1）·d^（- 1）） was intragastrically administered into sham or 3 astragaloside-treated groups once a day for 17 days.Hematoxylin-elsin staining was carried out to determine the pathomorphological changes and the neointimal and media area ratio.Immunohistochemistry staining was performed to measure the expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen（PCNA）and basic fibrolast growth factor（b-FGF）.PCNA and b-FGF were analyzed with Iamage-Pro Plus.Results（1） The carotid artery intimal hyperplasia in the rats of model was similar to lumen stenosis.Compared with the sham operation group,the area of the new intima and the ratio of the intima to media（I/M） were increased and the lumen area was decreased（P 〈 0.01） in the model group.Astragaloside IV increased the lumen intimal dimension and decreased the area of new intima and the ratio of intima to media in a dose-dependent manner.（2） Compared with the sham-operation group,the expressions of PCNA and b-FGF in carotid artery of model group were significantly increased（P 〈 0.01）.AST IV decreased expressions of PCNA and b-FGF in the carotid artery of rats in a dosedependent manner.Conclusion Astragaloside IV significantly inhibits neointimal hyperplasia of rat carotid artery through down-regulating the expressions of PCNA and b-FGF.
