In the international shipping industry, digital intelligence transformation has become essential, with both governments and enterprises actively working to integrate diverse datasets. The domain of maritime and shippi...In the international shipping industry, digital intelligence transformation has become essential, with both governments and enterprises actively working to integrate diverse datasets. The domain of maritime and shipping is characterized by a vast array of document types, filled with complex, large-scale, and often chaotic knowledge and relationships. Effectively managing these documents is crucial for developing a Large Language Model (LLM) in the maritime domain, enabling practitioners to access and leverage valuable information. A Knowledge Graph (KG) offers a state-of-the-art solution for enhancing knowledge retrieval, providing more accurate responses and enabling context-aware reasoning. This paper presents a framework for utilizing maritime and shipping documents to construct a knowledge graph using GraphRAG, a hybrid tool combining graph-based retrieval and generation capabilities. The extraction of entities and relationships from these documents and the KG construction process are detailed. Furthermore, the KG is integrated with an LLM to develop a Q&A system, demonstrating that the system significantly improves answer accuracy compared to traditional LLMs. Additionally, the KG construction process is up to 50% faster than conventional LLM-based approaches, underscoring the efficiency of our method. This study provides a promising approach to digital intelligence in shipping, advancing knowledge accessibility and decision-making.展开更多
Named entity recognition(NER)in musk deer domain is the extraction of specific types of entities from unstructured texts,constituting a fundamental component of the knowledge graph,Q&A system,and text summarizatio...Named entity recognition(NER)in musk deer domain is the extraction of specific types of entities from unstructured texts,constituting a fundamental component of the knowledge graph,Q&A system,and text summarization system of musk deer domain.Due to limited annotated data,diverse entity types,and the ambiguity of Chinese word boundaries in musk deer domain NER,we present a novel NER model,CAELF-GP,which is based on cross-attention mechanism enhanced lexical features(CAELF).Specifically,we employ BERT as a character encoder and advocate the integration of external lexical information at the character representation layer.In the feature fusion module,instead of indiscriminately merging external dictionary information,we innovatively adopted a feature fusion method based on a cross-attention mechanism,which guides the model to focus on important lexical information by calculating the correlation between each character and its corresponding word sets.This module enhances the model’s semantic representation ability and entity boundary recognition capability.Ultimately,we introduce the decoding module of GlobalPointer(GP)for entity type recognition,capable of identifying both nested and non-nested entities.Since there is currently no publicly available dataset for the musk deer domain,we built a named entity recognition dataset for this domain by collecting relevant literature and working under the guidance of domain experts.The dataset facilitates the training and validation of the model and provides data foundation for subsequent related research.The model undergoes experimentation on two public datasets and the dataset of musk deer domain.The results show that it is superior to the baseline models,offering a promising technical avenue for the intelligent recognition of named entities in the musk deer domain.展开更多
To address the challenge of missing modal information in entity alignment and to mitigate information loss or bias arising frommodal heterogeneity during fusion,while also capturing shared information acrossmodalities...To address the challenge of missing modal information in entity alignment and to mitigate information loss or bias arising frommodal heterogeneity during fusion,while also capturing shared information acrossmodalities,this paper proposes a Multi-modal Pre-synergistic Entity Alignmentmodel based on Cross-modalMutual Information Strategy Optimization(MPSEA).The model first employs independent encoders to process multi-modal features,including text,images,and numerical values.Next,a multi-modal pre-synergistic fusion mechanism integrates graph structural and visual modal features into the textual modality as preparatory information.This pre-fusion strategy enables unified perception of heterogeneous modalities at the model’s initial stage,reducing discrepancies during the fusion process.Finally,using cross-modal deep perception reinforcement learning,the model achieves adaptive multilevel feature fusion between modalities,supporting learningmore effective alignment strategies.Extensive experiments on multiple public datasets show that the MPSEA method achieves gains of up to 7% in Hits@1 and 8.2% in MRR on the FBDB15K dataset,and up to 9.1% in Hits@1 and 7.7% in MRR on the FBYG15K dataset,compared to existing state-of-the-art methods.These results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed model.展开更多
Tibetan medical named entity recognition(Tibetan MNER)involves extracting specific types of medical entities from unstructured Tibetan medical texts.Tibetan MNER provide important data support for the work related to ...Tibetan medical named entity recognition(Tibetan MNER)involves extracting specific types of medical entities from unstructured Tibetan medical texts.Tibetan MNER provide important data support for the work related to Tibetan medicine.However,existing Tibetan MNER methods often struggle to comprehensively capture multi-level semantic information,failing to sufficiently extract multi-granularity features and effectively filter out irrelevant information,which ultimately impacts the accuracy of entity recognition.This paper proposes an improved embedding representation method called syllable-word-sentence embedding.By leveraging features at different granularities and using un-scaled dot-product attention to focus on key features for feature fusion,the syllable-word-sentence embedding is integrated into the transformer,enhancing the specificity and diversity of feature representations.The model leverages multi-level and multi-granularity semantic information,thereby improving the performance of Tibetan MNER.We evaluate our proposed model on datasets from various domains.The results indicate that the model effectively identified three types of entities in the Tibetan news dataset we constructed,achieving an F1 score of 93.59%,which represents an improvement of 1.24%compared to the vanilla FLAT.Additionally,results from the Tibetan medical dataset we developed show that it is effective in identifying five kinds of medical entities,with an F1 score of 71.39%,which is a 1.34%improvement over the vanilla FLAT.展开更多
Entity relation extraction,a fundamental and essential task in natural language processing(NLP),has garnered significant attention over an extended period.,aiming to extract the core of semantic knowledge from unstruc...Entity relation extraction,a fundamental and essential task in natural language processing(NLP),has garnered significant attention over an extended period.,aiming to extract the core of semantic knowledge from unstructured text,i.e.,entities and the relations between them.At present,the main dilemma of Chinese entity relation extraction research lies in nested entities,relation overlap,and lack of entity relation interaction.This dilemma is particularly prominent in complex knowledge extraction tasks with high-density knowledge,imprecise syntactic structure,and lack of semantic roles.To address these challenges,this paper presents an innovative“character-level”Chinese part-of-speech(CN-POS)tagging approach and incorporates part-of-speech(POS)information into the pre-trained model,aiming to improve its semantic understanding and syntactic information processing capabilities.Additionally,A relation reference filling mechanism(RF)is proposed to enhance the semantic interaction between relations and entities,utilize relations to guide entity modeling,improve the boundary prediction ability of entity models for nested entity phenomena,and increase the cascading accuracy of entity-relation triples.Meanwhile,the“Queue”sub-task connection strategy is adopted to alleviate triplet cascading errors caused by overlapping relations,and a Syntax-enhanced entity relation extraction model(SE-RE)is constructed.The model showed excellent performance on the self-constructed E-commerce Product Information dataset(EPI)in this article.The results demonstrate that integrating POS enhancement into the pre-trained encoding model significantly boosts the performance of entity relation extraction models compared to baseline methods.Specifically,the F1-score fluctuation in subtasks caused by error accumulation was reduced by 3.21%,while the F1-score for entity-relation triplet extraction improved by 1.91%.展开更多
Large language models cross-domain named entity recognition task in the face of the scarcity of large language labeled data in a specific domain,due to the entity bias arising from the variation of entity information ...Large language models cross-domain named entity recognition task in the face of the scarcity of large language labeled data in a specific domain,due to the entity bias arising from the variation of entity information between different domains,which makes large language models prone to spurious correlations problems when dealing with specific domains and entities.In order to solve this problem,this paper proposes a cross-domain named entity recognition method based on causal graph structure enhancement,which captures the cross-domain invariant causal structural representations between feature representations of text sequences and annotation sequences by establishing a causal learning and intervention module,so as to improve the utilization of causal structural features by the large languagemodels in the target domains,and thus effectively alleviate the false entity bias triggered by the false relevance problem;meanwhile,through the semantic feature fusion module,the semantic information of the source and target domains is effectively combined.The results show an improvement of 2.47%and 4.12%in the political and medical domains,respectively,compared with the benchmark model,and an excellent performance in small-sample scenarios,which proves the effectiveness of causal graph structural enhancement in improving the accuracy of cross-domain entity recognition and reducing false correlations.展开更多
Multi-modal Named Entity Recognition(MNER)aims to better identify meaningful textual entities by integrating information from images.Previous work has focused on extracting visual semantics at a fine-grained level,or ...Multi-modal Named Entity Recognition(MNER)aims to better identify meaningful textual entities by integrating information from images.Previous work has focused on extracting visual semantics at a fine-grained level,or obtaining entity related external knowledge from knowledge bases or Large Language Models(LLMs).However,these approaches ignore the poor semantic correlation between visual and textual modalities in MNER datasets and do not explore different multi-modal fusion approaches.In this paper,we present MMAVK,a multi-modal named entity recognition model with auxiliary visual knowledge and word-level fusion,which aims to leverage the Multi-modal Large Language Model(MLLM)as an implicit knowledge base.It also extracts vision-based auxiliary knowledge from the image formore accurate and effective recognition.Specifically,we propose vision-based auxiliary knowledge generation,which guides the MLLM to extract external knowledge exclusively derived from images to aid entity recognition by designing target-specific prompts,thus avoiding redundant recognition and cognitive confusion caused by the simultaneous processing of image-text pairs.Furthermore,we employ a word-level multi-modal fusion mechanism to fuse the extracted external knowledge with each word-embedding embedded from the transformerbased encoder.Extensive experimental results demonstrate that MMAVK outperforms or equals the state-of-the-art methods on the two classical MNER datasets,even when the largemodels employed have significantly fewer parameters than other baselines.展开更多
Named Entity Recognition(NER)is vital in natural language processing for the analysis of news texts,as it accurately identifies entities such as locations,persons,and organizations,which is crucial for applications li...Named Entity Recognition(NER)is vital in natural language processing for the analysis of news texts,as it accurately identifies entities such as locations,persons,and organizations,which is crucial for applications like news summarization and event tracking.However,NER in the news domain faces challenges due to insufficient annotated data,complex entity structures,and strong context dependencies.To address these issues,we propose a new Chinesenamed entity recognition method that integrates transfer learning with word embeddings.Our approach leverages the ERNIE pre-trained model for transfer learning and obtaining general language representations and incorporates the Soft-lexicon word embedding technique to handle varied entity structures.This dual-strategy enhances the model’s understanding of context and boosts its ability to process complex texts.Experimental results show that our method achieves an F1 score of 94.72% on a news dataset,surpassing baseline methods by 3%–4%,thereby confirming its effectiveness for Chinese-named entity recognition in the news domain.展开更多
Purpose–This study aims to enhance the accuracy of key entity extraction from railway accident report texts and address challenges such as complex domain-specific semantics,data sparsity and strong inter-sentence sem...Purpose–This study aims to enhance the accuracy of key entity extraction from railway accident report texts and address challenges such as complex domain-specific semantics,data sparsity and strong inter-sentence semantic dependencies.A robust entity extraction method tailored for accident texts is proposed.Design/methodology/approach–This method is implemented through a dual-branch multi-task mutual learning model named R-MLP,which jointly performs entity recognition and accident phase classification.The model leverages a shared BERT encoder to extract contextual features and incorporates a sentence span indexing module to align feature granularity.A cross-task mutual learning mechanism is also introduced to strengthen semantic representation.Findings–R-MLP effectively mitigates the impact of semantic complexity and data sparsity in domain entities and enhances the model’s ability to capture inter-sentence semantic dependencies.Experimental results show that R-MLP achieves a maximum F1-score of 0.736 in extracting six types of key railway accident entities,significantly outperforming baseline models such as RoBERTa and MacBERT.Originality/value–This demonstrates the proposed method’s superior generalization and accuracy in domainspecific entity extraction tasks,confirming its effectiveness and practical value.展开更多
Medical Named Entity Recognition(NER)plays a crucial role in attaining precise patient portraits as well as providing support for intelligent diagnosis and treatment decisions.Federated Learning(FL)enables collaborati...Medical Named Entity Recognition(NER)plays a crucial role in attaining precise patient portraits as well as providing support for intelligent diagnosis and treatment decisions.Federated Learning(FL)enables collaborative modeling and training across multiple endpoints without exposing the original data.However,the statistical heterogeneity exhibited by clinical medical text records poses a challenge for FL methods to support the training of NER models in such scenarios.We propose a Federated Contrast Enhancement(FedCE)method for NER to address the challenges faced by non-large-scale pre-trained models in FL for labelheterogeneous.The method leverages a multi-view encoder structure to capture both global and local semantic information,and employs contrastive learning to enhance the interoperability of global knowledge and local context.We evaluate the performance of the FedCE method on three real-world clinical record datasets.We investigate the impact of factors,such as pooling methods,maximum input text length,and training rounds on FedCE.Additionally,we assess how well FedCE adapts to the base NER models and evaluate its generalization performance.The experimental results show that the FedCE method has obvious advantages and can be effectively applied to various basic models,which is of great theoretical and practical significance for advancing FL in healthcare settings.展开更多
The task of identifying Chinese named entities of Chinese poetry and wine culture is a key step in the construction of a knowledge graph and a question and answer system.Aimed at the characteristics of Chinese poetry ...The task of identifying Chinese named entities of Chinese poetry and wine culture is a key step in the construction of a knowledge graph and a question and answer system.Aimed at the characteristics of Chinese poetry and wine culture entities with different lengths and high training cost of named entity recognition models at the present stage,this study proposes a lite BERT+bi-directional long short-term memory+attentional mechanisms+conditional random field(ALBERT+BILSTM+Att+CRF).The method first obtains the characterlevel semantic information by ALBERT module,then extracts its high-dimensional features by BILSTM module,weights the original word vector and the learned text vector by attention layer,and finally predicts the true label in CRF module(including five types:poem title,author,time,genre,and category).Through experiments on data sets related to Chinese poetry and wine culture,the results show that the method is more effective than existing mainstream models and can efficiently extract important entity information in Chinese poetry and wine culture,which is an effective method for the identification of named entities of varying lengths of poetry.展开更多
Entity Framework(简称EF)是微软推出LINQ to SQL后的新一代ORM技术。目前企业级应用软件开发均采用层次逻辑架构,重点讨论基于.NET的ORM技术变迁,分析EF框架的EDM三部分映射文件,并通过EDM工具的DataBase First方式生成实体类和映射文...Entity Framework(简称EF)是微软推出LINQ to SQL后的新一代ORM技术。目前企业级应用软件开发均采用层次逻辑架构,重点讨论基于.NET的ORM技术变迁,分析EF框架的EDM三部分映射文件,并通过EDM工具的DataBase First方式生成实体类和映射文件,完成数据访问及实例。展开更多
文摘In the international shipping industry, digital intelligence transformation has become essential, with both governments and enterprises actively working to integrate diverse datasets. The domain of maritime and shipping is characterized by a vast array of document types, filled with complex, large-scale, and often chaotic knowledge and relationships. Effectively managing these documents is crucial for developing a Large Language Model (LLM) in the maritime domain, enabling practitioners to access and leverage valuable information. A Knowledge Graph (KG) offers a state-of-the-art solution for enhancing knowledge retrieval, providing more accurate responses and enabling context-aware reasoning. This paper presents a framework for utilizing maritime and shipping documents to construct a knowledge graph using GraphRAG, a hybrid tool combining graph-based retrieval and generation capabilities. The extraction of entities and relationships from these documents and the KG construction process are detailed. Furthermore, the KG is integrated with an LLM to develop a Q&A system, demonstrating that the system significantly improves answer accuracy compared to traditional LLMs. Additionally, the KG construction process is up to 50% faster than conventional LLM-based approaches, underscoring the efficiency of our method. This study provides a promising approach to digital intelligence in shipping, advancing knowledge accessibility and decision-making.
基金funded by 5·5 Engineering Research&Innovation Team Project of Beijing Forestry University(No.BLRC2023C02).
文摘Named entity recognition(NER)in musk deer domain is the extraction of specific types of entities from unstructured texts,constituting a fundamental component of the knowledge graph,Q&A system,and text summarization system of musk deer domain.Due to limited annotated data,diverse entity types,and the ambiguity of Chinese word boundaries in musk deer domain NER,we present a novel NER model,CAELF-GP,which is based on cross-attention mechanism enhanced lexical features(CAELF).Specifically,we employ BERT as a character encoder and advocate the integration of external lexical information at the character representation layer.In the feature fusion module,instead of indiscriminately merging external dictionary information,we innovatively adopted a feature fusion method based on a cross-attention mechanism,which guides the model to focus on important lexical information by calculating the correlation between each character and its corresponding word sets.This module enhances the model’s semantic representation ability and entity boundary recognition capability.Ultimately,we introduce the decoding module of GlobalPointer(GP)for entity type recognition,capable of identifying both nested and non-nested entities.Since there is currently no publicly available dataset for the musk deer domain,we built a named entity recognition dataset for this domain by collecting relevant literature and working under the guidance of domain experts.The dataset facilitates the training and validation of the model and provides data foundation for subsequent related research.The model undergoes experimentation on two public datasets and the dataset of musk deer domain.The results show that it is superior to the baseline models,offering a promising technical avenue for the intelligent recognition of named entities in the musk deer domain.
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 62471493 and 62402257(for conceptualization and investigation)partially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China under Grants ZR2023LZH017,ZR2024MF066,and 2023QF025(for formal analysis and validation)+1 种基金partially supported by the Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security,Ministry of Education,Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)under Grant 2023ZD010(for methodology and model design)partially supported by the Russian Science Foundation(RSF)Project under Grant 22-71-10095-P(for validation and results verification).
文摘To address the challenge of missing modal information in entity alignment and to mitigate information loss or bias arising frommodal heterogeneity during fusion,while also capturing shared information acrossmodalities,this paper proposes a Multi-modal Pre-synergistic Entity Alignmentmodel based on Cross-modalMutual Information Strategy Optimization(MPSEA).The model first employs independent encoders to process multi-modal features,including text,images,and numerical values.Next,a multi-modal pre-synergistic fusion mechanism integrates graph structural and visual modal features into the textual modality as preparatory information.This pre-fusion strategy enables unified perception of heterogeneous modalities at the model’s initial stage,reducing discrepancies during the fusion process.Finally,using cross-modal deep perception reinforcement learning,the model achieves adaptive multilevel feature fusion between modalities,supporting learningmore effective alignment strategies.Extensive experiments on multiple public datasets show that the MPSEA method achieves gains of up to 7% in Hits@1 and 8.2% in MRR on the FBDB15K dataset,and up to 9.1% in Hits@1 and 7.7% in MRR on the FBYG15K dataset,compared to existing state-of-the-art methods.These results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed model.
基金supported in part by the National Science and Technology Major Project under(Grant 2022ZD0116100)in part by the National Natural Science Foundation Key Project under(Grant 62436006)+4 种基金in part by the National Natural Science Foundation Youth Fund under(Grant 62406257)in part by the Xizang Autonomous Region Natural Science Foundation General Project under(Grant XZ202401ZR0031)in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under(Grant 62276055)in part by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program under(Grant 23ZDYF0755)in part by the Xizang University‘High-Level Talent Training Program’Project under(Grant 2022-GSP-S098).
文摘Tibetan medical named entity recognition(Tibetan MNER)involves extracting specific types of medical entities from unstructured Tibetan medical texts.Tibetan MNER provide important data support for the work related to Tibetan medicine.However,existing Tibetan MNER methods often struggle to comprehensively capture multi-level semantic information,failing to sufficiently extract multi-granularity features and effectively filter out irrelevant information,which ultimately impacts the accuracy of entity recognition.This paper proposes an improved embedding representation method called syllable-word-sentence embedding.By leveraging features at different granularities and using un-scaled dot-product attention to focus on key features for feature fusion,the syllable-word-sentence embedding is integrated into the transformer,enhancing the specificity and diversity of feature representations.The model leverages multi-level and multi-granularity semantic information,thereby improving the performance of Tibetan MNER.We evaluate our proposed model on datasets from various domains.The results indicate that the model effectively identified three types of entities in the Tibetan news dataset we constructed,achieving an F1 score of 93.59%,which represents an improvement of 1.24%compared to the vanilla FLAT.Additionally,results from the Tibetan medical dataset we developed show that it is effective in identifying five kinds of medical entities,with an F1 score of 71.39%,which is a 1.34%improvement over the vanilla FLAT.
基金funded by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China under Grant No.2021YFD2100605the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.62433002+1 种基金the Project of Construction and Support for High-Level Innovative Teams of Beijing Municipal Institutions under Grant No.BPHR20220104Beijing Scholars Program under Grant No.099.
文摘Entity relation extraction,a fundamental and essential task in natural language processing(NLP),has garnered significant attention over an extended period.,aiming to extract the core of semantic knowledge from unstructured text,i.e.,entities and the relations between them.At present,the main dilemma of Chinese entity relation extraction research lies in nested entities,relation overlap,and lack of entity relation interaction.This dilemma is particularly prominent in complex knowledge extraction tasks with high-density knowledge,imprecise syntactic structure,and lack of semantic roles.To address these challenges,this paper presents an innovative“character-level”Chinese part-of-speech(CN-POS)tagging approach and incorporates part-of-speech(POS)information into the pre-trained model,aiming to improve its semantic understanding and syntactic information processing capabilities.Additionally,A relation reference filling mechanism(RF)is proposed to enhance the semantic interaction between relations and entities,utilize relations to guide entity modeling,improve the boundary prediction ability of entity models for nested entity phenomena,and increase the cascading accuracy of entity-relation triples.Meanwhile,the“Queue”sub-task connection strategy is adopted to alleviate triplet cascading errors caused by overlapping relations,and a Syntax-enhanced entity relation extraction model(SE-RE)is constructed.The model showed excellent performance on the self-constructed E-commerce Product Information dataset(EPI)in this article.The results demonstrate that integrating POS enhancement into the pre-trained encoding model significantly boosts the performance of entity relation extraction models compared to baseline methods.Specifically,the F1-score fluctuation in subtasks caused by error accumulation was reduced by 3.21%,while the F1-score for entity-relation triplet extraction improved by 1.91%.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China Joint Fund for Enterprise Innovation Development(U23B2029)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62076167,61772020)+1 种基金Key Scientific Research Project of Higher Education Institutions in Henan Province(24A520058,24A520060,23A520022)Postgraduate Education Reform and Quality Improvement Project of Henan Province(YJS2024AL053).
文摘Large language models cross-domain named entity recognition task in the face of the scarcity of large language labeled data in a specific domain,due to the entity bias arising from the variation of entity information between different domains,which makes large language models prone to spurious correlations problems when dealing with specific domains and entities.In order to solve this problem,this paper proposes a cross-domain named entity recognition method based on causal graph structure enhancement,which captures the cross-domain invariant causal structural representations between feature representations of text sequences and annotation sequences by establishing a causal learning and intervention module,so as to improve the utilization of causal structural features by the large languagemodels in the target domains,and thus effectively alleviate the false entity bias triggered by the false relevance problem;meanwhile,through the semantic feature fusion module,the semantic information of the source and target domains is effectively combined.The results show an improvement of 2.47%and 4.12%in the political and medical domains,respectively,compared with the benchmark model,and an excellent performance in small-sample scenarios,which proves the effectiveness of causal graph structural enhancement in improving the accuracy of cross-domain entity recognition and reducing false correlations.
基金funded by Research Project,grant number BHQ090003000X03.
文摘Multi-modal Named Entity Recognition(MNER)aims to better identify meaningful textual entities by integrating information from images.Previous work has focused on extracting visual semantics at a fine-grained level,or obtaining entity related external knowledge from knowledge bases or Large Language Models(LLMs).However,these approaches ignore the poor semantic correlation between visual and textual modalities in MNER datasets and do not explore different multi-modal fusion approaches.In this paper,we present MMAVK,a multi-modal named entity recognition model with auxiliary visual knowledge and word-level fusion,which aims to leverage the Multi-modal Large Language Model(MLLM)as an implicit knowledge base.It also extracts vision-based auxiliary knowledge from the image formore accurate and effective recognition.Specifically,we propose vision-based auxiliary knowledge generation,which guides the MLLM to extract external knowledge exclusively derived from images to aid entity recognition by designing target-specific prompts,thus avoiding redundant recognition and cognitive confusion caused by the simultaneous processing of image-text pairs.Furthermore,we employ a word-level multi-modal fusion mechanism to fuse the extracted external knowledge with each word-embedding embedded from the transformerbased encoder.Extensive experimental results demonstrate that MMAVK outperforms or equals the state-of-the-art methods on the two classical MNER datasets,even when the largemodels employed have significantly fewer parameters than other baselines.
基金funded by Advanced Research Project(30209040702).
文摘Named Entity Recognition(NER)is vital in natural language processing for the analysis of news texts,as it accurately identifies entities such as locations,persons,and organizations,which is crucial for applications like news summarization and event tracking.However,NER in the news domain faces challenges due to insufficient annotated data,complex entity structures,and strong context dependencies.To address these issues,we propose a new Chinesenamed entity recognition method that integrates transfer learning with word embeddings.Our approach leverages the ERNIE pre-trained model for transfer learning and obtaining general language representations and incorporates the Soft-lexicon word embedding technique to handle varied entity structures.This dual-strategy enhances the model’s understanding of context and boosts its ability to process complex texts.Experimental results show that our method achieves an F1 score of 94.72% on a news dataset,surpassing baseline methods by 3%–4%,thereby confirming its effectiveness for Chinese-named entity recognition in the news domain.
基金funded by the Technology Research and Development Plan Program of China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.(No.Q2024T001)the Foundation of China Academy of Railway Sciences Co.,Ltd.(No:2024YJ259).
文摘Purpose–This study aims to enhance the accuracy of key entity extraction from railway accident report texts and address challenges such as complex domain-specific semantics,data sparsity and strong inter-sentence semantic dependencies.A robust entity extraction method tailored for accident texts is proposed.Design/methodology/approach–This method is implemented through a dual-branch multi-task mutual learning model named R-MLP,which jointly performs entity recognition and accident phase classification.The model leverages a shared BERT encoder to extract contextual features and incorporates a sentence span indexing module to align feature granularity.A cross-task mutual learning mechanism is also introduced to strengthen semantic representation.Findings–R-MLP effectively mitigates the impact of semantic complexity and data sparsity in domain entities and enhances the model’s ability to capture inter-sentence semantic dependencies.Experimental results show that R-MLP achieves a maximum F1-score of 0.736 in extracting six types of key railway accident entities,significantly outperforming baseline models such as RoBERTa and MacBERT.Originality/value–This demonstrates the proposed method’s superior generalization and accuracy in domainspecific entity extraction tasks,confirming its effectiveness and practical value.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2023YFC3502604,2022YFC2403902,2020YFC0841600,and 2020YFC0845000-4)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82374302,82174533,82204941,and U23B2062)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(No.L232033)the Key R&D project of Ningxia Autonomous Region(No.2022BEG02036)the Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2023ZD0505700)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2024JBMC007).
文摘Medical Named Entity Recognition(NER)plays a crucial role in attaining precise patient portraits as well as providing support for intelligent diagnosis and treatment decisions.Federated Learning(FL)enables collaborative modeling and training across multiple endpoints without exposing the original data.However,the statistical heterogeneity exhibited by clinical medical text records poses a challenge for FL methods to support the training of NER models in such scenarios.We propose a Federated Contrast Enhancement(FedCE)method for NER to address the challenges faced by non-large-scale pre-trained models in FL for labelheterogeneous.The method leverages a multi-view encoder structure to capture both global and local semantic information,and employs contrastive learning to enhance the interoperability of global knowledge and local context.We evaluate the performance of the FedCE method on three real-world clinical record datasets.We investigate the impact of factors,such as pooling methods,maximum input text length,and training rounds on FedCE.Additionally,we assess how well FedCE adapts to the base NER models and evaluate its generalization performance.The experimental results show that the FedCE method has obvious advantages and can be effectively applied to various basic models,which is of great theoretical and practical significance for advancing FL in healthcare settings.
基金the Sichuan Science and Technology Program of China(No.2021YFG0055)the Zigong Science and Technology Program of China(No.2019YYJC15)+1 种基金the Nature Science Foundation of Sichuan University of Science&Engineering(No.2020RC32)the 2022 Graduate Innovation Fund Project of Sichuan University of Science&Engineering(No.Y2022168)。
文摘The task of identifying Chinese named entities of Chinese poetry and wine culture is a key step in the construction of a knowledge graph and a question and answer system.Aimed at the characteristics of Chinese poetry and wine culture entities with different lengths and high training cost of named entity recognition models at the present stage,this study proposes a lite BERT+bi-directional long short-term memory+attentional mechanisms+conditional random field(ALBERT+BILSTM+Att+CRF).The method first obtains the characterlevel semantic information by ALBERT module,then extracts its high-dimensional features by BILSTM module,weights the original word vector and the learned text vector by attention layer,and finally predicts the true label in CRF module(including five types:poem title,author,time,genre,and category).Through experiments on data sets related to Chinese poetry and wine culture,the results show that the method is more effective than existing mainstream models and can efficiently extract important entity information in Chinese poetry and wine culture,which is an effective method for the identification of named entities of varying lengths of poetry.
文摘Entity Framework(简称EF)是微软推出LINQ to SQL后的新一代ORM技术。目前企业级应用软件开发均采用层次逻辑架构,重点讨论基于.NET的ORM技术变迁,分析EF框架的EDM三部分映射文件,并通过EDM工具的DataBase First方式生成实体类和映射文件,完成数据访问及实例。
