The performance and price of copper-based micro linear products are determined by the diameter uniformity.How to accurately detect the wire diameter of long-length copper based micro linear products without cutting or...The performance and price of copper-based micro linear products are determined by the diameter uniformity.How to accurately detect the wire diameter of long-length copper based micro linear products without cutting or damage has always been a technical concern for production enterprises.Herein,a novel approach was developed for nondestructive detection of the average diameter at any given segment of a long copper wire by assessing the adsorption capacity of arginine on its surface.The amount of adsorbent on the surface of the copper wire exhibits a positive correlation with the area,which can be detected by extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(EESI-MS)after online elution with ammonia.The experimental results demonstrated that the analysis can be completed within 15 min,with a good linear relationship between copper wires with different diameters and the adsorption capacity of arginine.The linear correlation coefficient R2was 0.995,the relative standard deviation was 1.10%-2.81%,and the detection limit reached 2.5μm(length of segment=4 cm),showing potential applications for facile measurement of the average diameter of various metal wires.展开更多
Metal foils have emerged as one of the promising materials for anode-free batteries due to their high energy density and scalability in production.The unclear lithium plating/stripping kinetics of metal foil current c...Metal foils have emerged as one of the promising materials for anode-free batteries due to their high energy density and scalability in production.The unclear lithium plating/stripping kinetics of metal foil current collectors in anode-free batteries was addressed by using the non-destructive distribution of relaxation times(DRT)analysis to systematically investigate the lithium transport behavior of 14 metal foils and its correlation with electrochemical performance.By integrating energy-dispersive spectro scopy(EDS),cyclic voltammetry(CV),and galvanostatic testing,the exceptional properties of indium(In),tin(Sn),and silver(Ag)were revealed:the Li-In alloying reaction exhibits high reversibility,Li-Sn alloys demonstrate outstanding cycling stability,and the Li-Ag solid-solution mechanism provides an ideal lithium deposition interface on the silver substrate.The DRT separates the polarization internal resistance of lithium ions passing through the SEI layer(R_(sei),τ2)and the polarization internal resistance of lithium ions undergoing charge transfer reaction at the electrolyte/electrode interface(R_(ct),τ3)by decoupling the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS).For the first time,the correlation betweenτ2,τ3,and the cycle life/Coulombic efficiency of alloy/solid-solution metals was established,while non-alloy metals are not suitable for this method due to differences in lithium deposition mechanisms.This study not only illuminates the structure-property relationship governing the lithium kinetics of metal foil electrodes but also provides a novel non-destructive analytical strategy and theoretical guidance for the rational design of stable anodes in high-energy-density batteries,facilitating the efficient screening and optimization of anode-free battery.展开更多
During the storage of composite propellants, the migration of plasticizers and other unbonded additives at the interfaces of liner adhesives has garnered significant attention in understanding liner failure mechanisms...During the storage of composite propellants, the migration of plasticizers and other unbonded additives at the interfaces of liner adhesives has garnered significant attention in understanding liner failure mechanisms, aging processes, and safety performance. However, there is currently no non-destructive and quantitative detection method for migration of plasticizers in propellant liner. In this study, we developed a HTPB sensing liner by incorporating conductive fillers-namely carbon black(CB), carbon nanotubes(CNTs), and graphene nanoplatelets(GNP)-into the HTPB matrix. The synergistic interaction between CNTs and GNP facilitates the formation of a tunneling conductive network that imparts electrical conductivity to the HTPB liner. To elucidate the functional relationship between conductivity and nitroglycerin(NG) migration, we applied the HTPB sensing liner onto double base propellant surfaces and measured both the conductivity of the sensing layer and NG migration during a 71°C accelerated aging experiment. The results shows that when CNTs/GNP content reaches 3wt%, there is an exponential correlation between conductivity and NG migration with a fitting degree of 0.9652;the average response sensitivity of ΔR/R0 relative to NG migration is calculated as 41.69, with an average deviation of merely5.67% between NG migrations derived from conductivity fittings compared to those obtained via TGA testing results. Overall, this sensing liner exhibits excellent capabilities for detecting NG migration nondestructively and quantitatively while offering a novel approach for assessing interfacial component migrations as well as debonding defects in propellants-a promising avenue for future self-monitoring strategies regarding propellant integrity.展开更多
Conventional four-probe methods for measuring the resistance of Josephson junctions can damage superconducting thin films,making them unsuitable for frequency measurements of superconducting qubits.In this study,we pr...Conventional four-probe methods for measuring the resistance of Josephson junctions can damage superconducting thin films,making them unsuitable for frequency measurements of superconducting qubits.In this study,we present a custom probe station measurement system that employs the fritting contact technique to achieve in situ,non-destructive measurements of Josephson junction resistance.Our experimental results demonstrate that this method allows for accurate prediction of qubit frequency with an error margin of 17.2 MHz.Moreover,the fritting contact technique does not significantly affect qubit coherence time or the integrity of the superconducting film,confirming its non-destructive nature.This innovative approach provides a dependable foundation for frequency tuning and addressing frequency collision issues,thus supporting the advancement and practical deployment of superconducting quantum computing.展开更多
Longitudinal joint construction quality is critical to the life of flexible pavements.Maintaining deteriorated longitudinal joints has become a challenge for many highway agencies.Improving the joint's quality thr...Longitudinal joint construction quality is critical to the life of flexible pavements.Maintaining deteriorated longitudinal joints has become a challenge for many highway agencies.Improving the joint's quality through better compaction during construction can help achieve flexible pavements with longer service lives and less maintenance.Current quality control(QC)and quality assurance(QA)plans provide limited coverage.Consequently,the risk of missing areas with poor joint compaction is significant.A density profiling system(DPS)is a non-destructive alternative to conventional destructive evaluation methods.It can provide quick and continuous real-time coverage of the compaction during construction in dielectrics.The paper presents several case studies comparing various types of longitudinal joints and demonstrating the use of DPS to evaluate the joint's compaction quality.The paper shows that dielectric measurements can provide valuable insight into the ability of various construction techniques to achieve adequate levels of compaction at the longitudinal joint.The paper proposes a dielectric-based longitudinal joint quality index(LJQI)to evaluate the relative compaction of the joint during construction.It also shows that adopting DPS for assessing the compaction of longitudinal joints can minimize the risk of agencies accepting poorly constructed joints,identify locations of poor quality during construction,and achieve better-performing flexible pavements.展开更多
This article takes the actual construction project of a certain concrete bridge project as an example to analyze the application of acoustic non-destructive testing technology in its detection.It includes an overview ...This article takes the actual construction project of a certain concrete bridge project as an example to analyze the application of acoustic non-destructive testing technology in its detection.It includes an overview of a certain bridge construction project studied and acoustic non-destructive testing technology and the application of acoustic non-destructive testing technology in actual testing.This analysis hopes to provide some guidelines for acoustic non-destructive testing of modern concrete bridge projects.展开更多
Pulsed eddy current （PEC） non-destructive test- ing and evaluation （NDT＆E） has been around for some time and it is still attracting extensive attention from researchers around the globe, which can be witnessed th...Pulsed eddy current （PEC） non-destructive test- ing and evaluation （NDT＆E） has been around for some time and it is still attracting extensive attention from researchers around the globe, which can be witnessed through the reports reviewed in this paper. Thanks to its richness of spectral components, various applications of this technique have been proposed and reported in the lit- erature covering both structural integrity inspection and material characterization in various industrial sectors. To support its development and for better understanding of the phenomena around the transient induced eddy currents, attempts for its modelling both analytically and numeri- cally have been made by researchers around the world. This review is an attempt to capture the state-of-the-art development and applications of PEC, especially in the last 15 years and it is not intended to be exhaustive. Future challenges and opportunities for PEC NDT＆E are also presented.展开更多
Phase aberration correction for medical ultrasound systems has attracted a great deal of attention. Since phased array techniques are now widely employed for industrial non-destructive testing （NDT） applications in ...Phase aberration correction for medical ultrasound systems has attracted a great deal of attention. Since phased array techniques are now widely employed for industrial non-destructive testing （NDT） applications in various fields, the problem of phase aberrations in the process of NDT testing is considered. The technique of cross-covariance for phase aberration correction is presented. The performance of the technique for phase aberration correction is tested by means of echo signals obtained in practical non-destructive testing experiment. The results show that the technique has the better accuracy of phase correction.展开更多
Composite materials are increasingly used in the aerospace industry.To fully realise the weight saving potential along with superior mechanical properties that composites offer in safety critical applications,reliable...Composite materials are increasingly used in the aerospace industry.To fully realise the weight saving potential along with superior mechanical properties that composites offer in safety critical applications,reliable Non-Destructive Testing(NDT)methods are required to prevent catastrophic failures.This paper will review the state of the art in the field and point to highlight the success and challenges that different NDT methods are faced to evaluate the integrity of critical aerospace composites.The focus will be on advanced certificated NDT methods for damage detection and characterization in composite laminates for use in the aircraft primary and secondary structures.展开更多
In recent years, advanced composite structures are used extensively in many industries such as aerospace, aircraft, automobile, pipeline and civil engineering. Reliability and safety are crucial requirements posed by ...In recent years, advanced composite structures are used extensively in many industries such as aerospace, aircraft, automobile, pipeline and civil engineering. Reliability and safety are crucial requirements posed by them to the advanced composite structures be- cause of their harsh working conditions. Therefore, as a very important measure, structural health monitoring （SHM） in-service is deft- nitely demanded for ensuring their safe working in-situ. In this paper, fiber Bragg grating （FBG） sensors are surface-mounted on the hoop and in the axial directions of a FRP pressure vessel to monitor the strain status during its pressurization. The experimental results show that the FBG sensors could be used to monitor the strain development and determine the ultimate failure strain of the composite pressure vessel.展开更多
Aiming at the problems of low reliability and complex operation of traditional coin-tap test of composite material,this paper introduces the grey system theory and achieves better performance.The response signals of c...Aiming at the problems of low reliability and complex operation of traditional coin-tap test of composite material,this paper introduces the grey system theory and achieves better performance.The response signals of coin-tap are classified through the grey clustering based on relation analysis,and corresponding improvements are made to the calculation method of the relation degree of nearness.First,the time history of acceleration is taken as the system behavior sequence.The improved correlation calculation method is used to solve the relation degree of nearness between the sequences,and the matrix of degree of grey relation is constructed based on this.Then,the sequence groups are summarized through the matrix,and the response signals of coin-tap are qualitatively classified according to the location of the reference sequence.Finally,the defect detection of composite materials is completed without pre-testing.The test results show that the accuracy of the coin-tap test based on improved grey clustering reaches 100%,which simplifies the operation steps while ensuring the reliability of the coin-tap test results.展开更多
The characterization of ultra-soft clayey soil exhibits extreme challenges due to low shear strength of such material.Hence,inspecting the non-destructive electrical impedance behavior of untreated and treated ultra-s...The characterization of ultra-soft clayey soil exhibits extreme challenges due to low shear strength of such material.Hence,inspecting the non-destructive electrical impedance behavior of untreated and treated ultra-soft clayey soils gains more attention.Both shear strength and electrical impedance were measured experimentally for both untreated and treated ultra-soft clayey soils.The shear strength of untreated ultra-soft clayey soil reached 0.17 kPa for 10% bentonite content,while the shear strengths increased to 0.27 kPa and 6.7 kPa for 10% bentonite content treated with 2% lime and 10% polymer,respectively.The electrical impedance of the ultra-soft clayey soil has shown a significant decrease from 1.6 kΩ to 0.607 kΩ when the bentonite content increased from 2% to 10% at a frequency of 300 kHz.The10%lime and 10% polymer treatments have decreased the electrical impedances of ultra-soft clayey soil with 10%bentonite from 0.607 kΩ to 0.12 kΩ and 0.176 kΩ,respectively,at a frequency of 300 kHz.A new mathematical model has been accordingly proposed to model the non-destructive electrical impedancefrequency relationship for both untreated and treated ultra-soft clayey soils.The new model has shown a good agreement with experimental data with coefficient of determination（R;）up to 0.99 and root mean square error（RMSE） of 0.007 kΩ.展开更多
The use of non-destructive evaluation(NDE) techniques for assessing microstructural changes in processed materials is of particular importance as it can be used to assess, qualitatively, the integrity of any material/...The use of non-destructive evaluation(NDE) techniques for assessing microstructural changes in processed materials is of particular importance as it can be used to assess, qualitatively, the integrity of any material/structure. Among the several NDE techniques available, electrical conductivity measurements using eddy currents attract great attention owing to its simplicity and reliability. In this work, the electrical conductivity profiles of friction stir processed Ti6Al4 V, Cu, Pb, S355 steel and gas tungsten arc welded AISI 304 stainless steel were determined through eddy currents and four-point probe. In parallel, hardness measurements were also performed. The profiles matched well with the optical macrographs of the materials: while entering in the processed region a variation in both profiles was always observed. One particular advantage of electrical conductivity profiles over hardness was evident: it provides a better resolution of the microstructural alterations in the processed materials. Moreover, when thermomechanical processing induces microstructural changes that modify the magnetic properties of a material,eddy currents testing can be used to qualitatively determine the phase fraction in a given region of the material. A qualitative relation between electrical conductivity measurements and hardness is observed.展开更多
Wheat quality detection is essential to ensure the safety ofwheat circulation and storage.The traditional wheat quality detection methods mainly include artificial sensory evaluation and physicochemical index analysis...Wheat quality detection is essential to ensure the safety ofwheat circulation and storage.The traditional wheat quality detection methods mainly include artificial sensory evaluation and physicochemical index analysis,which are difficult to meet the requirements for high accuracy and efficiency in modern wheat quality detection due to the disadvantages of subjectivity,destruction of sample integrity and low efficiency.With the rapid development of optical technology,various optical-based methods,using near-infrared spectroscopy technology,hyperspectral imaging technology and terahertz,etc.,have been proposed for wheat quality detection.These methods have the characteristics of nondestructiveness and high efficiency which make them popular in wheat quality detection in recent years.In this paper,various state-of-the-art optical-based techniques of wheat quality detection are analyzed and summarized in detail.Firstly,the principle and process of common optical non-destructive detection methods for wheat quality are introduced.Then,the optical techniques used in these detection methods are divided into seven categories,and the comparison of these technologies and their advantages and disadvantages are further discussed.It shows that terahertz technology is regarded as the most promising wheat quality detection method compared with other optical detection technologies,because it can not only detect most types of wheat deterioration,but also has higher accuracy and efficiency.Finally,the research of optical technology in wheat quality detection is prospected.The future research of optical technology-based wheat quality detection mainly includes the construction of wheat quality optical detection standardization database,the fusion of multiple optical detection technologies and multiple quality index information,the improvement of the anti-interference of optical technology and the industrialization of optical inspection technology for wheat quality.These studies are of great significance to improve the detection technology of wheat and ensure the storage safety of wheat in the future.展开更多
Non-destructive testing (NDT) of structures is one of the most important tasksof the proper maintenance and diagnosis of machines and constructions structuralcondition. NDT methods contribute to the damage tolerance p...Non-destructive testing (NDT) of structures is one of the most important tasksof the proper maintenance and diagnosis of machines and constructions structuralcondition. NDT methods contribute to the damage tolerance philosophy used in theaircraft design methodology as well as many other operation and maintenance programsof machinery and constructions. The following study is focusing on overviewing animportant group of NDT methods: the optical and other ones, which found broadapplicability in scientific and industrial studies nowadays. The paper discusses theselected most widely applicable methods, namely, visual testing, ultrasonic testing,radiographic testing, infrared thermography as well as electronic speckle patterninterferometry and shearographic testing. Besides the basic principles of testing usingthese methods, their potential applications in various industrial and technologicalbranches are broadly discussed. The analysis as categorization of the NDT methodsprovided in this paper may help in selection of such methods in diagnosis of varioustypes of structures and defects and damage occurring in these structures.展开更多
Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR) is an effective Non-Destructive Testing(NDT) technique for highway pavement surveys, which is able to acquire continuous pavement data compared with traditional core drilling method. In t...Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR) is an effective Non-Destructive Testing(NDT) technique for highway pavement surveys, which is able to acquire continuous pavement data compared with traditional core drilling method. In this study, we proposed an accurate and efficient method to estimate the thickness of each pavement layer using an air-coupled GPR system. For this work, the main difficulties are estimating each pavement layer's time delay and dielectric constant. We first give the basic signal model for pavement evaluation, and then present an Intrinsic Mode Functions(IMFs) product detector to determine each pavement layer's time delay. This method is based on Empirical Mode Decomposition(EMD), which is an adaptive signal decomposition procedure and proved to be suitable for suppressing noises in GPR signal. The dielectric constant was determined by metal reflection measurement. The laboratory and highway experiments illustrate that the proposed thickness estimation method yields reasonable result, thus meets the requirements of practical highway pavement survey with massive GPR data.展开更多
Accurate assessment of herbage mass(HM)in pasture is a key to budgeting forage in grazing systems worldwide.Different non-destructive techniques to measuring pasture yield are commented.The methods compared include vi...Accurate assessment of herbage mass(HM)in pasture is a key to budgeting forage in grazing systems worldwide.Different non-destructive techniques to measuring pasture yield are commented.The methods compared include visual estimations,manual and electronic pasture meters and remote sensing.All methods are associated with a moderate to high error,showing that some indirect methods of yield estimation are appropriate under most appropriate because many factors as climate variations,soil certain conditions.In general terms,no method was found as the characteristics,plant phenology,pasture management and species composition must be taken into account to make local calibrations from a general model.Best results were found modifying general methods under local calibrations and under local conditions.In order to give farmers the best method to manage adequately their own grazing systems,researchers must select the most suitable technique considering the scale of operation,the desired accuracy and the resources available.展开更多
Optoelectronic terahertz generation and detection play a key role in the applications of non-destructive testing,which involves different areas such as physics,biological,material science,imaging,explosions detection,...Optoelectronic terahertz generation and detection play a key role in the applications of non-destructive testing,which involves different areas such as physics,biological,material science,imaging,explosions detection,astronomy applications,semiconductor technology and superconductiong electronics. In this article,we present a reviewof the principle and performance of typical terahertz sources,detectors and non-destructive testing applications. On this basis,the newdevelopment and trends of terahertz radiation detectors are also discussed.展开更多
This paper introduces recent research work in the field of pulsed electromagnetic non-destructive testing/evaluation.These are pulsed eddy current,pulsed magnetic flux leakage and eddy current pulsed thermography.This...This paper introduces recent research work in the field of pulsed electromagnetic non-destructive testing/evaluation.These are pulsed eddy current,pulsed magnetic flux leakage and eddy current pulsed thermography.This paper introduces pulsed electromagnetic techniques and their different case studies on defect detection as well as stress characterisation.Experimental tests have been validated and future research plans are discussed.This paper demonstrates pulsed electromagnetic non-destructive testing and evaluation for not only depth information,but also for multiple parameter measurement and multiple integration,which are important for future development.展开更多
In this study, water permeation through cementitious materials was observed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The influence of cement type on the magnetic resonance signal was studied subsequent to determining t...In this study, water permeation through cementitious materials was observed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The influence of cement type on the magnetic resonance signal was studied subsequent to determining the parameters required for imaging. Consequently, adequate imaging of water permeating through hardened cement paste (HCP) made with white Portland cement was achieved, while water permeation through ordinary Portland cement-based HCP yielded poor signal. HCPs maintained at various levels of relative humidity (RH) were observed, and the signal was detected only from those maintained at an RH of higher than 85%. The water permeation depths in HCP were observed by using MRI, and the measured depths were compared to those measured via a spraying water detector on the split surface of the specimens. As a result, good agreement was confirmed between the two methods. Additionally, MRI was applied to concrete specimens;although it was found that water was not detected when a lightweight aggregate was used, water permeation through concrete with limestone aggregate was detectable via MRI. MRI will help in understanding how water permeation causes and accelerates concrete deteriorations such as rebar corrosion and freezing and thawing.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22422402)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFF0705300)Key Research and Development Program of Jiangxi Province(No.20232BBG70004)。
文摘The performance and price of copper-based micro linear products are determined by the diameter uniformity.How to accurately detect the wire diameter of long-length copper based micro linear products without cutting or damage has always been a technical concern for production enterprises.Herein,a novel approach was developed for nondestructive detection of the average diameter at any given segment of a long copper wire by assessing the adsorption capacity of arginine on its surface.The amount of adsorbent on the surface of the copper wire exhibits a positive correlation with the area,which can be detected by extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(EESI-MS)after online elution with ammonia.The experimental results demonstrated that the analysis can be completed within 15 min,with a good linear relationship between copper wires with different diameters and the adsorption capacity of arginine.The linear correlation coefficient R2was 0.995,the relative standard deviation was 1.10%-2.81%,and the detection limit reached 2.5μm(length of segment=4 cm),showing potential applications for facile measurement of the average diameter of various metal wires.
基金supported by the Quzhou Science and Technology Bureau Project(2023D023,2023D030,2023D002,and2024D028)the Joint Funds of the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LZY23B030002)+3 种基金the Shijiazhuang Shangtai Technology Co.,Ltd.Hebei Provincial Department of Science and Technology(24291101Z)the International Cooperation Projects of Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology(2021YFH0126)the Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Department's key research project(2023YFG0203)。
文摘Metal foils have emerged as one of the promising materials for anode-free batteries due to their high energy density and scalability in production.The unclear lithium plating/stripping kinetics of metal foil current collectors in anode-free batteries was addressed by using the non-destructive distribution of relaxation times(DRT)analysis to systematically investigate the lithium transport behavior of 14 metal foils and its correlation with electrochemical performance.By integrating energy-dispersive spectro scopy(EDS),cyclic voltammetry(CV),and galvanostatic testing,the exceptional properties of indium(In),tin(Sn),and silver(Ag)were revealed:the Li-In alloying reaction exhibits high reversibility,Li-Sn alloys demonstrate outstanding cycling stability,and the Li-Ag solid-solution mechanism provides an ideal lithium deposition interface on the silver substrate.The DRT separates the polarization internal resistance of lithium ions passing through the SEI layer(R_(sei),τ2)and the polarization internal resistance of lithium ions undergoing charge transfer reaction at the electrolyte/electrode interface(R_(ct),τ3)by decoupling the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS).For the first time,the correlation betweenτ2,τ3,and the cycle life/Coulombic efficiency of alloy/solid-solution metals was established,while non-alloy metals are not suitable for this method due to differences in lithium deposition mechanisms.This study not only illuminates the structure-property relationship governing the lithium kinetics of metal foil electrodes but also provides a novel non-destructive analytical strategy and theoretical guidance for the rational design of stable anodes in high-energy-density batteries,facilitating the efficient screening and optimization of anode-free battery.
基金funded by Zhijian Laboratory Open Fund,Rocket Force University of Engineering(Grant No.2023-ZJSYS-KF01-03).
文摘During the storage of composite propellants, the migration of plasticizers and other unbonded additives at the interfaces of liner adhesives has garnered significant attention in understanding liner failure mechanisms, aging processes, and safety performance. However, there is currently no non-destructive and quantitative detection method for migration of plasticizers in propellant liner. In this study, we developed a HTPB sensing liner by incorporating conductive fillers-namely carbon black(CB), carbon nanotubes(CNTs), and graphene nanoplatelets(GNP)-into the HTPB matrix. The synergistic interaction between CNTs and GNP facilitates the formation of a tunneling conductive network that imparts electrical conductivity to the HTPB liner. To elucidate the functional relationship between conductivity and nitroglycerin(NG) migration, we applied the HTPB sensing liner onto double base propellant surfaces and measured both the conductivity of the sensing layer and NG migration during a 71°C accelerated aging experiment. The results shows that when CNTs/GNP content reaches 3wt%, there is an exponential correlation between conductivity and NG migration with a fitting degree of 0.9652;the average response sensitivity of ΔR/R0 relative to NG migration is calculated as 41.69, with an average deviation of merely5.67% between NG migrations derived from conductivity fittings compared to those obtained via TGA testing results. Overall, this sensing liner exhibits excellent capabilities for detecting NG migration nondestructively and quantitatively while offering a novel approach for assessing interfacial component migrations as well as debonding defects in propellants-a promising avenue for future self-monitoring strategies regarding propellant integrity.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12034018 and 11625419).
文摘Conventional four-probe methods for measuring the resistance of Josephson junctions can damage superconducting thin films,making them unsuitable for frequency measurements of superconducting qubits.In this study,we present a custom probe station measurement system that employs the fritting contact technique to achieve in situ,non-destructive measurements of Josephson junction resistance.Our experimental results demonstrate that this method allows for accurate prediction of qubit frequency with an error margin of 17.2 MHz.Moreover,the fritting contact technique does not significantly affect qubit coherence time or the integrity of the superconducting film,confirming its non-destructive nature.This innovative approach provides a dependable foundation for frequency tuning and addressing frequency collision issues,thus supporting the advancement and practical deployment of superconducting quantum computing.
文摘Longitudinal joint construction quality is critical to the life of flexible pavements.Maintaining deteriorated longitudinal joints has become a challenge for many highway agencies.Improving the joint's quality through better compaction during construction can help achieve flexible pavements with longer service lives and less maintenance.Current quality control(QC)and quality assurance(QA)plans provide limited coverage.Consequently,the risk of missing areas with poor joint compaction is significant.A density profiling system(DPS)is a non-destructive alternative to conventional destructive evaluation methods.It can provide quick and continuous real-time coverage of the compaction during construction in dielectrics.The paper presents several case studies comparing various types of longitudinal joints and demonstrating the use of DPS to evaluate the joint's compaction quality.The paper shows that dielectric measurements can provide valuable insight into the ability of various construction techniques to achieve adequate levels of compaction at the longitudinal joint.The paper proposes a dielectric-based longitudinal joint quality index(LJQI)to evaluate the relative compaction of the joint during construction.It also shows that adopting DPS for assessing the compaction of longitudinal joints can minimize the risk of agencies accepting poorly constructed joints,identify locations of poor quality during construction,and achieve better-performing flexible pavements.
文摘This article takes the actual construction project of a certain concrete bridge project as an example to analyze the application of acoustic non-destructive testing technology in its detection.It includes an overview of a certain bridge construction project studied and acoustic non-destructive testing technology and the application of acoustic non-destructive testing technology in actual testing.This analysis hopes to provide some guidelines for acoustic non-destructive testing of modern concrete bridge projects.
基金Ministry of Higher Education of Malaysia for funding the project on PEC NDT at IIUM through the research grant FRGS16-059-0558supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under research grants 51677187 and 51307172
文摘Pulsed eddy current （PEC） non-destructive test- ing and evaluation （NDT＆E） has been around for some time and it is still attracting extensive attention from researchers around the globe, which can be witnessed through the reports reviewed in this paper. Thanks to its richness of spectral components, various applications of this technique have been proposed and reported in the lit- erature covering both structural integrity inspection and material characterization in various industrial sectors. To support its development and for better understanding of the phenomena around the transient induced eddy currents, attempts for its modelling both analytically and numeri- cally have been made by researchers around the world. This review is an attempt to capture the state-of-the-art development and applications of PEC, especially in the last 15 years and it is not intended to be exhaustive. Future challenges and opportunities for PEC NDT＆E are also presented.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61201412)Ntural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(No.2012021011-5)
文摘Phase aberration correction for medical ultrasound systems has attracted a great deal of attention. Since phased array techniques are now widely employed for industrial non-destructive testing （NDT） applications in various fields, the problem of phase aberrations in the process of NDT testing is considered. The technique of cross-covariance for phase aberration correction is presented. The performance of the technique for phase aberration correction is tested by means of echo signals obtained in practical non-destructive testing experiment. The results show that the technique has the better accuracy of phase correction.
基金the support of NVIDIA Corporation with the donation of the Titan Xp GPU used for this researchsupported by EPSRC grant EP/R002495/1the European Metrology Research Programme through grant 17IND08。
文摘Composite materials are increasingly used in the aerospace industry.To fully realise the weight saving potential along with superior mechanical properties that composites offer in safety critical applications,reliable Non-Destructive Testing(NDT)methods are required to prevent catastrophic failures.This paper will review the state of the art in the field and point to highlight the success and challenges that different NDT methods are faced to evaluate the integrity of critical aerospace composites.The focus will be on advanced certificated NDT methods for damage detection and characterization in composite laminates for use in the aircraft primary and secondary structures.
文摘In recent years, advanced composite structures are used extensively in many industries such as aerospace, aircraft, automobile, pipeline and civil engineering. Reliability and safety are crucial requirements posed by them to the advanced composite structures be- cause of their harsh working conditions. Therefore, as a very important measure, structural health monitoring （SHM） in-service is deft- nitely demanded for ensuring their safe working in-situ. In this paper, fiber Bragg grating （FBG） sensors are surface-mounted on the hoop and in the axial directions of a FRP pressure vessel to monitor the strain status during its pressurization. The experimental results show that the FBG sensors could be used to monitor the strain development and determine the ultimate failure strain of the composite pressure vessel.
基金National Key Research and Development Project of China(No.2018YFB1701200)。
文摘Aiming at the problems of low reliability and complex operation of traditional coin-tap test of composite material,this paper introduces the grey system theory and achieves better performance.The response signals of coin-tap are classified through the grey clustering based on relation analysis,and corresponding improvements are made to the calculation method of the relation degree of nearness.First,the time history of acceleration is taken as the system behavior sequence.The improved correlation calculation method is used to solve the relation degree of nearness between the sequences,and the matrix of degree of grey relation is constructed based on this.Then,the sequence groups are summarized through the matrix,and the response signals of coin-tap are qualitatively classified according to the location of the reference sequence.Finally,the defect detection of composite materials is completed without pre-testing.The test results show that the accuracy of the coin-tap test based on improved grey clustering reaches 100%,which simplifies the operation steps while ensuring the reliability of the coin-tap test results.
基金supported by the Center for Innovative Grouting Materials and Technology (CIGMAT) at the University of Houston, Texas, USA
文摘The characterization of ultra-soft clayey soil exhibits extreme challenges due to low shear strength of such material.Hence,inspecting the non-destructive electrical impedance behavior of untreated and treated ultra-soft clayey soils gains more attention.Both shear strength and electrical impedance were measured experimentally for both untreated and treated ultra-soft clayey soils.The shear strength of untreated ultra-soft clayey soil reached 0.17 kPa for 10% bentonite content,while the shear strengths increased to 0.27 kPa and 6.7 kPa for 10% bentonite content treated with 2% lime and 10% polymer,respectively.The electrical impedance of the ultra-soft clayey soil has shown a significant decrease from 1.6 kΩ to 0.607 kΩ when the bentonite content increased from 2% to 10% at a frequency of 300 kHz.The10%lime and 10% polymer treatments have decreased the electrical impedances of ultra-soft clayey soil with 10%bentonite from 0.607 kΩ to 0.12 kΩ and 0.176 kΩ,respectively,at a frequency of 300 kHz.A new mathematical model has been accordingly proposed to model the non-destructive electrical impedancefrequency relationship for both untreated and treated ultra-soft clayey soils.The new model has shown a good agreement with experimental data with coefficient of determination（R;）up to 0.99 and root mean square error（RMSE） of 0.007 kΩ.
基金the Portuguese Fundacao para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT, I.P.) for its financial support via the project PEst-OE/EME/UI0667/2014Project Hi2TRUST, (Refa3335), supported by Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER)Programa Operacional Regional de Lisboa (Lisb@2020 and Portugal2020)
文摘The use of non-destructive evaluation(NDE) techniques for assessing microstructural changes in processed materials is of particular importance as it can be used to assess, qualitatively, the integrity of any material/structure. Among the several NDE techniques available, electrical conductivity measurements using eddy currents attract great attention owing to its simplicity and reliability. In this work, the electrical conductivity profiles of friction stir processed Ti6Al4 V, Cu, Pb, S355 steel and gas tungsten arc welded AISI 304 stainless steel were determined through eddy currents and four-point probe. In parallel, hardness measurements were also performed. The profiles matched well with the optical macrographs of the materials: while entering in the processed region a variation in both profiles was always observed. One particular advantage of electrical conductivity profiles over hardness was evident: it provides a better resolution of the microstructural alterations in the processed materials. Moreover, when thermomechanical processing induces microstructural changes that modify the magnetic properties of a material,eddy currents testing can be used to qualitatively determine the phase fraction in a given region of the material. A qualitative relation between electrical conductivity measurements and hardness is observed.
基金supported by the scientific and technological key project in Henan Province (No.212102210148)Open fund of Key Laboratory of Grain Information Processing and Control (No.KFJJ-2018-101)
文摘Wheat quality detection is essential to ensure the safety ofwheat circulation and storage.The traditional wheat quality detection methods mainly include artificial sensory evaluation and physicochemical index analysis,which are difficult to meet the requirements for high accuracy and efficiency in modern wheat quality detection due to the disadvantages of subjectivity,destruction of sample integrity and low efficiency.With the rapid development of optical technology,various optical-based methods,using near-infrared spectroscopy technology,hyperspectral imaging technology and terahertz,etc.,have been proposed for wheat quality detection.These methods have the characteristics of nondestructiveness and high efficiency which make them popular in wheat quality detection in recent years.In this paper,various state-of-the-art optical-based techniques of wheat quality detection are analyzed and summarized in detail.Firstly,the principle and process of common optical non-destructive detection methods for wheat quality are introduced.Then,the optical techniques used in these detection methods are divided into seven categories,and the comparison of these technologies and their advantages and disadvantages are further discussed.It shows that terahertz technology is regarded as the most promising wheat quality detection method compared with other optical detection technologies,because it can not only detect most types of wheat deterioration,but also has higher accuracy and efficiency.Finally,the research of optical technology in wheat quality detection is prospected.The future research of optical technology-based wheat quality detection mainly includes the construction of wheat quality optical detection standardization database,the fusion of multiple optical detection technologies and multiple quality index information,the improvement of the anti-interference of optical technology and the industrialization of optical inspection technology for wheat quality.These studies are of great significance to improve the detection technology of wheat and ensure the storage safety of wheat in the future.
文摘Non-destructive testing (NDT) of structures is one of the most important tasksof the proper maintenance and diagnosis of machines and constructions structuralcondition. NDT methods contribute to the damage tolerance philosophy used in theaircraft design methodology as well as many other operation and maintenance programsof machinery and constructions. The following study is focusing on overviewing animportant group of NDT methods: the optical and other ones, which found broadapplicability in scientific and industrial studies nowadays. The paper discusses theselected most widely applicable methods, namely, visual testing, ultrasonic testing,radiographic testing, infrared thermography as well as electronic speckle patterninterferometry and shearographic testing. Besides the basic principles of testing usingthese methods, their potential applications in various industrial and technologicalbranches are broadly discussed. The analysis as categorization of the NDT methodsprovided in this paper may help in selection of such methods in diagnosis of varioustypes of structures and defects and damage occurring in these structures.
基金Supported by the 863 National High Technology Research and Development Program(No.2012AA121901)
文摘Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR) is an effective Non-Destructive Testing(NDT) technique for highway pavement surveys, which is able to acquire continuous pavement data compared with traditional core drilling method. In this study, we proposed an accurate and efficient method to estimate the thickness of each pavement layer using an air-coupled GPR system. For this work, the main difficulties are estimating each pavement layer's time delay and dielectric constant. We first give the basic signal model for pavement evaluation, and then present an Intrinsic Mode Functions(IMFs) product detector to determine each pavement layer's time delay. This method is based on Empirical Mode Decomposition(EMD), which is an adaptive signal decomposition procedure and proved to be suitable for suppressing noises in GPR signal. The dielectric constant was determined by metal reflection measurement. The laboratory and highway experiments illustrate that the proposed thickness estimation method yields reasonable result, thus meets the requirements of practical highway pavement survey with massive GPR data.
文摘Accurate assessment of herbage mass(HM)in pasture is a key to budgeting forage in grazing systems worldwide.Different non-destructive techniques to measuring pasture yield are commented.The methods compared include visual estimations,manual and electronic pasture meters and remote sensing.All methods are associated with a moderate to high error,showing that some indirect methods of yield estimation are appropriate under most appropriate because many factors as climate variations,soil certain conditions.In general terms,no method was found as the characteristics,plant phenology,pasture management and species composition must be taken into account to make local calibrations from a general model.Best results were found modifying general methods under local calibrations and under local conditions.In order to give farmers the best method to manage adequately their own grazing systems,researchers must select the most suitable technique considering the scale of operation,the desired accuracy and the resources available.
基金supported by the Cooperative Innovation Center of Terahertz Science , the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2014CB339800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61138001, 61420106006)+1 种基金the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (grant No. IRT13033)the Major National Development Project of Scientific Instruments and Equipment of China (Grant No. 2011YQ150021)
文摘Optoelectronic terahertz generation and detection play a key role in the applications of non-destructive testing,which involves different areas such as physics,biological,material science,imaging,explosions detection,astronomy applications,semiconductor technology and superconductiong electronics. In this article,we present a reviewof the principle and performance of typical terahertz sources,detectors and non-destructive testing applications. On this basis,the newdevelopment and trends of terahertz radiation detectors are also discussed.
基金Sichuan province Science and Technology department( No. 2011GZ0002 and No. 2013HH0059)the university basic scientific research project( No. ZYGX2013J090 ) for funding the work
文摘This paper introduces recent research work in the field of pulsed electromagnetic non-destructive testing/evaluation.These are pulsed eddy current,pulsed magnetic flux leakage and eddy current pulsed thermography.This paper introduces pulsed electromagnetic techniques and their different case studies on defect detection as well as stress characterisation.Experimental tests have been validated and future research plans are discussed.This paper demonstrates pulsed electromagnetic non-destructive testing and evaluation for not only depth information,but also for multiple parameter measurement and multiple integration,which are important for future development.
文摘In this study, water permeation through cementitious materials was observed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The influence of cement type on the magnetic resonance signal was studied subsequent to determining the parameters required for imaging. Consequently, adequate imaging of water permeating through hardened cement paste (HCP) made with white Portland cement was achieved, while water permeation through ordinary Portland cement-based HCP yielded poor signal. HCPs maintained at various levels of relative humidity (RH) were observed, and the signal was detected only from those maintained at an RH of higher than 85%. The water permeation depths in HCP were observed by using MRI, and the measured depths were compared to those measured via a spraying water detector on the split surface of the specimens. As a result, good agreement was confirmed between the two methods. Additionally, MRI was applied to concrete specimens;although it was found that water was not detected when a lightweight aggregate was used, water permeation through concrete with limestone aggregate was detectable via MRI. MRI will help in understanding how water permeation causes and accelerates concrete deteriorations such as rebar corrosion and freezing and thawing.
