The diverse radiation types in medical treatments and the natural environment elicit complex biological effects on both cancerous and non-cancerous tissues.Radiation therapy(RT)induces oncological responses,from molec...The diverse radiation types in medical treatments and the natural environment elicit complex biological effects on both cancerous and non-cancerous tissues.Radiation therapy(RT)induces oncological responses,from molecular to phenotypic alterations,while simultaneously exerting toxic effects on healthy tissue.N^(6)-methyladenosine(m^(6)A),a prevalent modification on coding and non-coding RNAs,is a key epigenetic mark established by a set of evolutionarily conserved enzymes.The interplay between m^(6)A modification and radiobiology of cancerous and non-cancerous tissues merits in-depth investigation.This review summarizes the roles of m^(6)A in the biological effects induced by ionizing radiation and ultraviolet(UV)radiation.It begins with an overview of m^(6)A modification and its detection methods,followed by a detailed examination of how m^(6)A dynamically regulates the sensitivity of cancerous tissues to RT,the injury response in non-cancerous tissues,and the toxicological effects of UV exposure.Notably,this review underscores the importance of novel regulatory mechanisms of m^(6)A and their potential clinical applications in identifying epigenetically modulated radiation-associated biomarkers for cancer therapy and estimation of radiation dosages.In conclusion,enzyme-mediated m^(6)A-modification triggers alterations in target gene expression by affecting the metabolism of the modified RNAs,thus modulating progression and radiosensitivity in cancerous tissues,as well as radiation effects on normal tissues.Several promising avenues for future research are further discussed.This review highlights the importance of m^(6)A modification in the context of radiation biology.Targeting epi-transcriptomic molecules might potentially provide a novel strategy for enhancing the radiosensitivity of cancerous tissues and mitigating radiation-induced injury to normal tissues.展开更多
Enhancer of Zeste homolog 2(EzH2),a histone methyltransferase within polycomb repressive complex 2(PRC2),plays a crucial role in epigenetic regulation by silencing gene expression through trimethylation of histone 3 a...Enhancer of Zeste homolog 2(EzH2),a histone methyltransferase within polycomb repressive complex 2(PRC2),plays a crucial role in epigenetic regulation by silencing gene expression through trimethylation of histone 3 at lysine 27(H3K27me3).Beyond its well-documented oncogenic functions,emerging research has revealed EZH2's involvement in various non-cancerous pathologies.For instance,EZH2 is critical in regulating immune responses,particularly in modulating T cell differentiation and cytokine production,which affects inflammation and immune homeostasis.EzH2 also controls fibroblast activation and extracellular matrix(ECM)remodeling,influencing critical processes such as cell differentiation,tissue repair and energy homeostasis.Additionally,EzH2's epigenetic regulation of neuroinflammatory processes is linked to neuronal health and survival.Recent advancements in EZH2 inhibitor therapies demonstrate promising potential for treating a range of non-cancerous conditions,with preclinical trials suggesting efficacy in mitigating disease progression.This review highlights the expanding functional scope of EZH2,emphasizing its epigenetic mechanisms and the therapeutic opportunities for targeting EZH2 in non-cancerous diseases.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the pain degree of the patients with chronic non-cancer pain by using the evaluation model constituted by heart rate variability,anxiety and depression scale and quality of life rating scale.This...Objective:To evaluate the pain degree of the patients with chronic non-cancer pain by using the evaluation model constituted by heart rate variability,anxiety and depression scale and quality of life rating scale.This study also aims toevaluate the efficacy after treatment and nursing intervention.Methods:100 patients with chronic non-cancer pain treated in the hospital from February 2016 to April 2017 were selected to compare their heart rate variability,score of anxiety and depression,score of quality of life and NRS score before and after treatment and nursing intervention.Results:After treatment and nursing intervention,the heart rate variability time domain SDNN significantly increased(P<0.05).The score of anxiety and depression was lower than that before intervention(P<0.05)while the scores of various dimensions of quality of life were higher than those before intervention(P<0.05).The results also showed that NRS score was lower than that before intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion:These findings suggest that the measurement combination of heart rate variability,anxiety and depression scale and quality of life rating scale can be used as an evaluation model to evaluate the pain degree of the patients with chronic non-cancer pain the efficacy after treatment and nursing intervention,which is worthy of clinic application.展开更多
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an important diagnostic technique for early detection of brain Tumor and the classification of brain Tumor from MRI image is a challenging research work because of its different sha...Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an important diagnostic technique for early detection of brain Tumor and the classification of brain Tumor from MRI image is a challenging research work because of its different shapes, location and image intensities. For successful classification, the segmentation method is required to separate Tumor. Then important features are extracted from the segmented Tumor that is used to classify the Tumor. In this work, an efficient multilevel segmentation method is developed combining optimal thresholding and watershed segmentation technique followed by a morphological operation to separate the Tumor. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is then applied for feature extraction and finally, the Kernel Support Vector Machine (KSVM) is utilized for resultant classification that is justified by our experimental evaluation. Experimental results show that the proposed method effectively detect and classify the Tumor as cancerous or non-cancerous with promising accuracy.展开更多
Particulate matter(PM_(2.5))samples were collected in the vicinity of an industrial chemical pole and analysed for organic and elemental carbon(OC and EC),47 trace elements and around 150 organic constituents.On avera...Particulate matter(PM_(2.5))samples were collected in the vicinity of an industrial chemical pole and analysed for organic and elemental carbon(OC and EC),47 trace elements and around 150 organic constituents.On average,OC and EC accounted for 25.2% and 11.4% of the PM_(2.5) mass,respectively.Organic compounds comprised polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),alkylated PAHs,anhydrosugars,phenolics,aromatic ketones,glycerol derivatives,aliphatic alcohols,sterols,and carboxyl groups,including aromatic,carboxylic and dicarboxylic acids.Enrichment factors>100 were obtained for Pb,Cd,Zn,Cu,Sn,B,Se,Bi,Sb and Mo,showing the contribution of industrial emissions and nearby major roads.Principal component analysis revealed that vehicle,industrial and biomass burning emissions accounted for 66%,11% and 9%,respectively,of the total PM_(2.5)-bound PAHs.Some of the detected organic constituents are likely associated with plasticiser ingredients and thermal stabilisers used in the manufacture of PVC and other plastics in the industrial complex.Photooxidation products of both anthropogenic(e.g.,toluene)and biogenic(e.g.,isoprene and pinenes)precursors were also observed.It was estimated that biomass burning accounted for 13.8%of the PM_(2.5) concentrations and that secondary OC represented 37.6% of the total OC.The lifetime cancer risk from inhalation exposure to PM_(2.5)-bound PAHs was found to be negligible,but it exceeded the threshold of 10−6 for metal(loi)s,mainly due to Cr and As.展开更多
The rational for the study was to assess the levels of endocrine disrupting trace metals in River Samre. The levels of Mercury ranged from 0.01 to 0.02 mg/l (mean of 0.006 mg/l), whiles cadmium levels ranged from 0.00...The rational for the study was to assess the levels of endocrine disrupting trace metals in River Samre. The levels of Mercury ranged from 0.01 to 0.02 mg/l (mean of 0.006 mg/l), whiles cadmium levels ranged from 0.002 to 0.011 mg/l (mean of 0.01 mg/l). The high levels of Hg and Cd may have adverse effects on the endocrine system of inhabitants who drink directly from the river without treatment. High levels of mercury and cadmium might be caused by the activities of a Timber and Plywood Company located close to the river and the underlying bedrocks of the area exposed as a result of human activities such as farming. The concentration of lead was below detection limit ( mg/l) but that of Arsenic ranged from 0.001 to 0.007 mg/l (mean of 0.005). Health risk assessment conducted shows that the risk associated with exposure to these metals for now are low. Continuous water quality monitoring is recommended to help protect the resource and also to safeguard human health.展开更多
Trophic properties of hematopoietic stem cells can influence the malignant growth alternatively to immune control. The annual growth of the body mass by age in adult populations of welfare countries used as the most c...Trophic properties of hematopoietic stem cells can influence the malignant growth alternatively to immune control. The annual growth of the body mass by age in adult populations of welfare countries used as the most common criterion of metabolic and proliferative tissue activity, and these data compared with death’ rate for malignant and somatic diseases in different age-groups of the same countries. The rate of physiologic involution of different cell populations in the lymphoid lineage by age also involved in correlations between the above parameters. A decrease in death rate for cancer and increase it’s for non-malignant diseases found in 60+ populations, which have the lowest physiological temp of renewal of lymphocytes number and mass of the body. The lack of both the thymus gland volume and proliferative activity of naive lymphocytes reduces physiological body mass renewal as well as the cancer death rate but enhances somatic death rate, opposing to anticancer immunity at large. A protumor character of the lymphopoietic system’s relation with malignancy seems more realistic than defending one.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the pain degree of the patients with chronic non-cancer pain by using the evaluation model constituted by heart rate variability,anxiety and depression scale and quality of life rating scale,and ...Objective:To evaluate the pain degree of the patients with chronic non-cancer pain by using the evaluation model constituted by heart rate variability,anxiety and depression scale and quality of life rating scale,and to evaluate the efficacy after treatment and nursing intervention.Methods:100 patients with chronic non-cancer pain treated in our hospital from February 2016 to April 2017 were selected to compare their heart rate variability,score of anxiety and depression,score of quality of life and NRS score before and after treatment and nursing intervention.Results:After treatment and nursing intervention,the heart rate variability time domain SDNN increased and the difference is significant(P<0.05);the score of anxiety and depression was lower than that before intervention(P<0.05);the scores of various dimensions of quality of life were higher than those before intervention(P<0.05);the NRS score was lower than that before intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion:The evaluation model constituted by heart rate variability,anxiety and depression scale and quality of life rating scale can be used to evaluate the pain degree of the patients with chronic non-cancer pain and to evaluate the efficacy after treatment and nursing intervention,which is worthy of clinic application.展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong><span style="font-family:;" "=""> Ischemic stroke is frequently encountered in patients with malignant disease. The pathophysiology of stroke in s...<strong>Background:</strong><span style="font-family:;" "=""> Ischemic stroke is frequently encountered in patients with malignant disease. The pathophysiology of stroke in such cases differs from other subjects with no malignant disease. This study was conducted to compare serum levels of ferritin and d-dimer in cases with ischemic stroke in cancer versus non-cancer patients. <b>Patients and methods:</b> The data of consecutive 264 patients presented with ischemic stroke, confirmed by clinical examination and radiological investigations, were retrospectively reviewed. The included cases were divided into two groups</span><span style="font-family:;" "="">:</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> Group A (non-cancer with stroke</span><span style="font-family:;" "="">, </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">210 cases) and Group B (cancer with stroke</span><span style="font-family:;" "="">,</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> 54 cases). The collected data included patient demographics, systemic comorbidities, disease and tumor characteristics, in addition to platelet count, serum ferritin and d</span><span style="font-family:;" "="">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "="">dimer. <b>Results: </b>Age, gender, and systemic comorbidities were statistically comparable between the two groups. Additionally, the etiology of stroke and its disability were not statistically different between the two groups. However, the incidence of mortality significantly increased in Group B (25.93% vs. 7.14% of Group A</span><span style="font-family:;" "="">,</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> p = 0.005). Both serum ferritin and d</span><span style="font-family:;" "="">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "="">dimer showed a significant increase in association with cancer (Group B). The former had mean values of 294.54 and 867.87 ng/ml, while the latter had mean values of 463.83 and 888.13 ng/ml in the same two groups, respectively. <b>Conclusion:</b> Serum ferritin and d</span><span style="font-family:;" "="">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "="">dimer showed a significant rise in cancer-associated ischemic stroke. This confirms the role of the hypercoagulable state, associated with malignancy in the development of this morbidity.</span>展开更多
CD47 is an immune checkpoint widely regarded as a‘don't eat me’signal.CD47-based anti-cancer therapy has received considerable attention,with a significant number of clinical trials conducted.While anti-cancer t...CD47 is an immune checkpoint widely regarded as a‘don't eat me’signal.CD47-based anti-cancer therapy has received considerable attention,with a significant number of clinical trials conducted.While anti-cancer therapies based on CD47 remain a focal point of interest among researchers,it is noteworthy that an increasing number of studies have found that CD47-based therapy ameliorated the pathological status of non-cancer diseases.This review aims to provide an overview of the recent progress in comprehending the role of CD47-based therapy in non-cancer diseases,including diseases of the circulatory system,nervous system,digestive system,and so on.Furthermore,we sought to delineate the promising mechanisms of CD47-based therapy in treating non-cancer diseases.Our findings suggest that CD47-based agents may exert their effect by regulating phagocytosis,regulating T cells,dendritic cells,and neutrophils,and regulating the secretion of cytokines and chemokines.Additionally,we put forward the orientation of further research to bring to light the potential of CD47 and its binding partners as a target in non-cancer diseases.展开更多
Flexible polymeric patches find widespread applications in biomedicine because of their biological and tunable features including excellent patient compliance,superior biocompatibility and biodegradation,as well as hi...Flexible polymeric patches find widespread applications in biomedicine because of their biological and tunable features including excellent patient compliance,superior biocompatibility and biodegradation,as well as high loading capability and permeability of drug.Such polymeric patches are classified into microneedles(MNs),hydrogel,microcapsule,microsphere and fiber depending on the formed morphology.The combination of nanomaterials with polymeric patches allows for improved advantages of increased curative efficacy and lowered systemic toxicity,promoting on-demand and regulated drug administration,thus providing the great potential to their clinic translation.In this review,the category of flexible polymeric patches that are utilized to integrate with nanomaterials is briefly presented and their advantages in bioapplications are further discussed.The applications of nanomaterials embedded polymeric patches in non-cancerous diseases were also systematically reviewed,including diabetes therapy,wound healing,dermatological disease therapy,bone regeneration,cardiac repair,hair repair,obesity therapy and some immune disease therapy.Alternatively,the limitations,latest challenges and future perspectives of such biomedical therapeutic devices are addressed.展开更多
Liver transplantation (LT) is recognized as best treatment option in patients with early hepatocellular cancer (HCC) in underlying liver cirrhosis. Apart from tumor size and number implemented in the Milan criteria, w...Liver transplantation (LT) is recognized as best treatment option in patients with early hepatocellular cancer (HCC) in underlying liver cirrhosis. Apart from tumor size and number implemented in the Milan criteria, which are current worldwide standards for patient selection, several biological tumor factors have been identified to affect cancer-specific outcome. In particular, grading and vascular tumor invasions were shown to correlate with aggressive biological tumor behavior and poor survival following LT. Identifying tumors with favorable biology is one important approach for expanding the pool of eligible liver recipients beyond the Milan burden limits. Improving the immunological state and condition for appropriate defense against circulating cancer cell attack may be another important prognostic aspect. Therefore, there is increasing interest in non-cancer factors related to the peritransplant period that may influence the oncological outcome by providing negative immunomodulatory actions. Considering and modulation of these non-HCC factors of prognosis might contribute in safely expanding the HCC LT selection criteria.展开更多
Chemotherapy is an effortless and frequently used approach in cancer therapy.However,in most cases,it can only prolong life expectancy and does not guarantee a complete cure.Furthermore,chemotherapy is associated with...Chemotherapy is an effortless and frequently used approach in cancer therapy.However,in most cases,it can only prolong life expectancy and does not guarantee a complete cure.Furthermore,chemotherapy is associated with severe adverse effects,one of the major complications of effective cancer therapy.In addition,newly published research outputs show that cancer stem cells are involved in cancer disease progression,drug resistance,metastasis,and recurrence and that they are functional in the trans-differentiation capacity of cancer stem cells to cancer cells in response to treatments.Novel strategies are therefore required for better management of cancer therapy.The prime approach would be to synthesize and develop novel drugs that need extensive resources,time,and endurance to be brought into therapeutic use.The subsequent approach would be to screen the anti-cancer activity of avail-able non-cancerous drugs.This concept of repurposing non-cancer drugs as an alternative to current cancer therapy has become popular in recent years because using existing anticancer drugs has several adverse effects.Micronutrients have also been investigated for cancer ther-apy due to their significant anti-cancer effects with negligible or no side effects and availabil-ity in food sources.In this paper,we discuss an ideal hypothesis for screening available non-cancerous drugs with anticancer activity,with a focus on cancer stem cells and their clinical application for cancer treatment.Further,drug repurposing and the combination of micronu-trients that can target both cancers and cancer stem cells may result in a better therapeutic approach leading to maximum tumor growth control.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82173467 and 82273577)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(Grant Nos.CIFMS,2022-I2M-2-003 and 2021-I2M-1-042).
文摘The diverse radiation types in medical treatments and the natural environment elicit complex biological effects on both cancerous and non-cancerous tissues.Radiation therapy(RT)induces oncological responses,from molecular to phenotypic alterations,while simultaneously exerting toxic effects on healthy tissue.N^(6)-methyladenosine(m^(6)A),a prevalent modification on coding and non-coding RNAs,is a key epigenetic mark established by a set of evolutionarily conserved enzymes.The interplay between m^(6)A modification and radiobiology of cancerous and non-cancerous tissues merits in-depth investigation.This review summarizes the roles of m^(6)A in the biological effects induced by ionizing radiation and ultraviolet(UV)radiation.It begins with an overview of m^(6)A modification and its detection methods,followed by a detailed examination of how m^(6)A dynamically regulates the sensitivity of cancerous tissues to RT,the injury response in non-cancerous tissues,and the toxicological effects of UV exposure.Notably,this review underscores the importance of novel regulatory mechanisms of m^(6)A and their potential clinical applications in identifying epigenetically modulated radiation-associated biomarkers for cancer therapy and estimation of radiation dosages.In conclusion,enzyme-mediated m^(6)A-modification triggers alterations in target gene expression by affecting the metabolism of the modified RNAs,thus modulating progression and radiosensitivity in cancerous tissues,as well as radiation effects on normal tissues.Several promising avenues for future research are further discussed.This review highlights the importance of m^(6)A modification in the context of radiation biology.Targeting epi-transcriptomic molecules might potentially provide a novel strategy for enhancing the radiosensitivity of cancerous tissues and mitigating radiation-induced injury to normal tissues.
基金supported by grant 2022YFA1104001 from the National Key Research and Development Program of ChinaGrants Nos.82272745,81972966,82203433,82404099 and 82404113 from the National Natural Science Foundation of China+2 种基金grants BYSYZD2023010(to LXX),BYSY2022070(to YQW),BYSYZD2023041(to JLZ)and BYSYRCYJ2023004(to JLZ)from Peking University Third Hospital Clinical Key Projectgrant 2023A1515111068 from Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Provincegrant JCYJ20230807095121041 from Shenzhen Science and Technology Program.
文摘Enhancer of Zeste homolog 2(EzH2),a histone methyltransferase within polycomb repressive complex 2(PRC2),plays a crucial role in epigenetic regulation by silencing gene expression through trimethylation of histone 3 at lysine 27(H3K27me3).Beyond its well-documented oncogenic functions,emerging research has revealed EZH2's involvement in various non-cancerous pathologies.For instance,EZH2 is critical in regulating immune responses,particularly in modulating T cell differentiation and cytokine production,which affects inflammation and immune homeostasis.EzH2 also controls fibroblast activation and extracellular matrix(ECM)remodeling,influencing critical processes such as cell differentiation,tissue repair and energy homeostasis.Additionally,EzH2's epigenetic regulation of neuroinflammatory processes is linked to neuronal health and survival.Recent advancements in EZH2 inhibitor therapies demonstrate promising potential for treating a range of non-cancerous conditions,with preclinical trials suggesting efficacy in mitigating disease progression.This review highlights the expanding functional scope of EZH2,emphasizing its epigenetic mechanisms and the therapeutic opportunities for targeting EZH2 in non-cancerous diseases.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the pain degree of the patients with chronic non-cancer pain by using the evaluation model constituted by heart rate variability,anxiety and depression scale and quality of life rating scale.This study also aims toevaluate the efficacy after treatment and nursing intervention.Methods:100 patients with chronic non-cancer pain treated in the hospital from February 2016 to April 2017 were selected to compare their heart rate variability,score of anxiety and depression,score of quality of life and NRS score before and after treatment and nursing intervention.Results:After treatment and nursing intervention,the heart rate variability time domain SDNN significantly increased(P<0.05).The score of anxiety and depression was lower than that before intervention(P<0.05)while the scores of various dimensions of quality of life were higher than those before intervention(P<0.05).The results also showed that NRS score was lower than that before intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion:These findings suggest that the measurement combination of heart rate variability,anxiety and depression scale and quality of life rating scale can be used as an evaluation model to evaluate the pain degree of the patients with chronic non-cancer pain the efficacy after treatment and nursing intervention,which is worthy of clinic application.
文摘Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an important diagnostic technique for early detection of brain Tumor and the classification of brain Tumor from MRI image is a challenging research work because of its different shapes, location and image intensities. For successful classification, the segmentation method is required to separate Tumor. Then important features are extracted from the segmented Tumor that is used to classify the Tumor. In this work, an efficient multilevel segmentation method is developed combining optimal thresholding and watershed segmentation technique followed by a morphological operation to separate the Tumor. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is then applied for feature extraction and finally, the Kernel Support Vector Machine (KSVM) is utilized for resultant classification that is justified by our experimental evaluation. Experimental results show that the proposed method effectively detect and classify the Tumor as cancerous or non-cancerous with promising accuracy.
基金supported by the projects “ATHEROFIT: Phytochemical-based metabolic immunomodulation to prevent/attenuate particulate mattermediated atherosclerosis” (OHM-Estarreja/2019-2128)funded by LabEx DRIIHM, and “SOPRO: Chemical and toxicologicalSOurce PROfiling of particulate matter in urban air”, POCI-010145-FEDER-029574+5 种基金funded by FEDER, through COMPETE2020 - Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionaliza??o (POCI)national funds (OE), through FCT/MCTESthe grants SFRH/BPD/123176/2016, SFRH/BD/117993/2016 and SFRH/BD/144550/2019 from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)subsidised by national funds (OE), through FCT, I.P., in the framework contract foreseen in the numbers 4, 5 and 6 of article 23, of the Decree-Law 57/2016, of August 29, changed by Law 57/2017, of July 19support to CESAM (UIDB/50017/2020 & UIDP/50017/2020) and CICECO (UIDB/50011/2020 & UIDP/50011/2020), to FCT/MCTES through national fundsco-funding by FEDER, within the PT2020 Partnership Agreement and Compete 2020
文摘Particulate matter(PM_(2.5))samples were collected in the vicinity of an industrial chemical pole and analysed for organic and elemental carbon(OC and EC),47 trace elements and around 150 organic constituents.On average,OC and EC accounted for 25.2% and 11.4% of the PM_(2.5) mass,respectively.Organic compounds comprised polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),alkylated PAHs,anhydrosugars,phenolics,aromatic ketones,glycerol derivatives,aliphatic alcohols,sterols,and carboxyl groups,including aromatic,carboxylic and dicarboxylic acids.Enrichment factors>100 were obtained for Pb,Cd,Zn,Cu,Sn,B,Se,Bi,Sb and Mo,showing the contribution of industrial emissions and nearby major roads.Principal component analysis revealed that vehicle,industrial and biomass burning emissions accounted for 66%,11% and 9%,respectively,of the total PM_(2.5)-bound PAHs.Some of the detected organic constituents are likely associated with plasticiser ingredients and thermal stabilisers used in the manufacture of PVC and other plastics in the industrial complex.Photooxidation products of both anthropogenic(e.g.,toluene)and biogenic(e.g.,isoprene and pinenes)precursors were also observed.It was estimated that biomass burning accounted for 13.8%of the PM_(2.5) concentrations and that secondary OC represented 37.6% of the total OC.The lifetime cancer risk from inhalation exposure to PM_(2.5)-bound PAHs was found to be negligible,but it exceeded the threshold of 10−6 for metal(loi)s,mainly due to Cr and As.
文摘The rational for the study was to assess the levels of endocrine disrupting trace metals in River Samre. The levels of Mercury ranged from 0.01 to 0.02 mg/l (mean of 0.006 mg/l), whiles cadmium levels ranged from 0.002 to 0.011 mg/l (mean of 0.01 mg/l). The high levels of Hg and Cd may have adverse effects on the endocrine system of inhabitants who drink directly from the river without treatment. High levels of mercury and cadmium might be caused by the activities of a Timber and Plywood Company located close to the river and the underlying bedrocks of the area exposed as a result of human activities such as farming. The concentration of lead was below detection limit ( mg/l) but that of Arsenic ranged from 0.001 to 0.007 mg/l (mean of 0.005). Health risk assessment conducted shows that the risk associated with exposure to these metals for now are low. Continuous water quality monitoring is recommended to help protect the resource and also to safeguard human health.
文摘Trophic properties of hematopoietic stem cells can influence the malignant growth alternatively to immune control. The annual growth of the body mass by age in adult populations of welfare countries used as the most common criterion of metabolic and proliferative tissue activity, and these data compared with death’ rate for malignant and somatic diseases in different age-groups of the same countries. The rate of physiologic involution of different cell populations in the lymphoid lineage by age also involved in correlations between the above parameters. A decrease in death rate for cancer and increase it’s for non-malignant diseases found in 60+ populations, which have the lowest physiological temp of renewal of lymphocytes number and mass of the body. The lack of both the thymus gland volume and proliferative activity of naive lymphocytes reduces physiological body mass renewal as well as the cancer death rate but enhances somatic death rate, opposing to anticancer immunity at large. A protumor character of the lymphopoietic system’s relation with malignancy seems more realistic than defending one.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the pain degree of the patients with chronic non-cancer pain by using the evaluation model constituted by heart rate variability,anxiety and depression scale and quality of life rating scale,and to evaluate the efficacy after treatment and nursing intervention.Methods:100 patients with chronic non-cancer pain treated in our hospital from February 2016 to April 2017 were selected to compare their heart rate variability,score of anxiety and depression,score of quality of life and NRS score before and after treatment and nursing intervention.Results:After treatment and nursing intervention,the heart rate variability time domain SDNN increased and the difference is significant(P<0.05);the score of anxiety and depression was lower than that before intervention(P<0.05);the scores of various dimensions of quality of life were higher than those before intervention(P<0.05);the NRS score was lower than that before intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion:The evaluation model constituted by heart rate variability,anxiety and depression scale and quality of life rating scale can be used to evaluate the pain degree of the patients with chronic non-cancer pain and to evaluate the efficacy after treatment and nursing intervention,which is worthy of clinic application.
文摘<strong>Background:</strong><span style="font-family:;" "=""> Ischemic stroke is frequently encountered in patients with malignant disease. The pathophysiology of stroke in such cases differs from other subjects with no malignant disease. This study was conducted to compare serum levels of ferritin and d-dimer in cases with ischemic stroke in cancer versus non-cancer patients. <b>Patients and methods:</b> The data of consecutive 264 patients presented with ischemic stroke, confirmed by clinical examination and radiological investigations, were retrospectively reviewed. The included cases were divided into two groups</span><span style="font-family:;" "="">:</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> Group A (non-cancer with stroke</span><span style="font-family:;" "="">, </span><span style="font-family:;" "="">210 cases) and Group B (cancer with stroke</span><span style="font-family:;" "="">,</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> 54 cases). The collected data included patient demographics, systemic comorbidities, disease and tumor characteristics, in addition to platelet count, serum ferritin and d</span><span style="font-family:;" "="">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "="">dimer. <b>Results: </b>Age, gender, and systemic comorbidities were statistically comparable between the two groups. Additionally, the etiology of stroke and its disability were not statistically different between the two groups. However, the incidence of mortality significantly increased in Group B (25.93% vs. 7.14% of Group A</span><span style="font-family:;" "="">,</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> p = 0.005). Both serum ferritin and d</span><span style="font-family:;" "="">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "="">dimer showed a significant increase in association with cancer (Group B). The former had mean values of 294.54 and 867.87 ng/ml, while the latter had mean values of 463.83 and 888.13 ng/ml in the same two groups, respectively. <b>Conclusion:</b> Serum ferritin and d</span><span style="font-family:;" "="">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "="">dimer showed a significant rise in cancer-associated ischemic stroke. This confirms the role of the hypercoagulable state, associated with malignancy in the development of this morbidity.</span>
基金supported by University of Macao(File No.MYRG-GRG2023-00160-ICMS-UMDF,China)the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(File No.0015-2022-A1 and 005/2023/SKL,China)as well as the Internal Research Grant of the State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine,University of Macao(File No.SKL-QRCM-IRG2023-011,China).
文摘CD47 is an immune checkpoint widely regarded as a‘don't eat me’signal.CD47-based anti-cancer therapy has received considerable attention,with a significant number of clinical trials conducted.While anti-cancer therapies based on CD47 remain a focal point of interest among researchers,it is noteworthy that an increasing number of studies have found that CD47-based therapy ameliorated the pathological status of non-cancer diseases.This review aims to provide an overview of the recent progress in comprehending the role of CD47-based therapy in non-cancer diseases,including diseases of the circulatory system,nervous system,digestive system,and so on.Furthermore,we sought to delineate the promising mechanisms of CD47-based therapy in treating non-cancer diseases.Our findings suggest that CD47-based agents may exert their effect by regulating phagocytosis,regulating T cells,dendritic cells,and neutrophils,and regulating the secretion of cytokines and chemokines.Additionally,we put forward the orientation of further research to bring to light the potential of CD47 and its binding partners as a target in non-cancer diseases.
基金the Young Individual Research Grants(YIRG)(Grant No.A2084c0168)Singapore and A*STAR Central Funds(Grant No.C211718004),Singapore.
文摘Flexible polymeric patches find widespread applications in biomedicine because of their biological and tunable features including excellent patient compliance,superior biocompatibility and biodegradation,as well as high loading capability and permeability of drug.Such polymeric patches are classified into microneedles(MNs),hydrogel,microcapsule,microsphere and fiber depending on the formed morphology.The combination of nanomaterials with polymeric patches allows for improved advantages of increased curative efficacy and lowered systemic toxicity,promoting on-demand and regulated drug administration,thus providing the great potential to their clinic translation.In this review,the category of flexible polymeric patches that are utilized to integrate with nanomaterials is briefly presented and their advantages in bioapplications are further discussed.The applications of nanomaterials embedded polymeric patches in non-cancerous diseases were also systematically reviewed,including diabetes therapy,wound healing,dermatological disease therapy,bone regeneration,cardiac repair,hair repair,obesity therapy and some immune disease therapy.Alternatively,the limitations,latest challenges and future perspectives of such biomedical therapeutic devices are addressed.
文摘Liver transplantation (LT) is recognized as best treatment option in patients with early hepatocellular cancer (HCC) in underlying liver cirrhosis. Apart from tumor size and number implemented in the Milan criteria, which are current worldwide standards for patient selection, several biological tumor factors have been identified to affect cancer-specific outcome. In particular, grading and vascular tumor invasions were shown to correlate with aggressive biological tumor behavior and poor survival following LT. Identifying tumors with favorable biology is one important approach for expanding the pool of eligible liver recipients beyond the Milan burden limits. Improving the immunological state and condition for appropriate defense against circulating cancer cell attack may be another important prognostic aspect. Therefore, there is increasing interest in non-cancer factors related to the peritransplant period that may influence the oncological outcome by providing negative immunomodulatory actions. Considering and modulation of these non-HCC factors of prognosis might contribute in safely expanding the HCC LT selection criteria.
基金funding by the Indian Council of Medical Research(ICMR)(No.5/9/1108/2013-Nut)project grants,Department of Biotechnology(No.6242-P24/RGCB1PMD/DBT/ARJN/2015)ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition Intramural project(No.15-BS05)+1 种基金ICMR-Department of Health Research(No.5/9/1327/2020-Nut)Indian Council of Medical Research(ICMR)(No.3/1/3/PDF(24)/2021-HRD-4).
文摘Chemotherapy is an effortless and frequently used approach in cancer therapy.However,in most cases,it can only prolong life expectancy and does not guarantee a complete cure.Furthermore,chemotherapy is associated with severe adverse effects,one of the major complications of effective cancer therapy.In addition,newly published research outputs show that cancer stem cells are involved in cancer disease progression,drug resistance,metastasis,and recurrence and that they are functional in the trans-differentiation capacity of cancer stem cells to cancer cells in response to treatments.Novel strategies are therefore required for better management of cancer therapy.The prime approach would be to synthesize and develop novel drugs that need extensive resources,time,and endurance to be brought into therapeutic use.The subsequent approach would be to screen the anti-cancer activity of avail-able non-cancerous drugs.This concept of repurposing non-cancer drugs as an alternative to current cancer therapy has become popular in recent years because using existing anticancer drugs has several adverse effects.Micronutrients have also been investigated for cancer ther-apy due to their significant anti-cancer effects with negligible or no side effects and availabil-ity in food sources.In this paper,we discuss an ideal hypothesis for screening available non-cancerous drugs with anticancer activity,with a focus on cancer stem cells and their clinical application for cancer treatment.Further,drug repurposing and the combination of micronu-trients that can target both cancers and cancer stem cells may result in a better therapeutic approach leading to maximum tumor growth control.
